B1U5 exercise keys with dictation

Unit 5 Key to exercises:

Vocabulary

I.Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.

1.that is current

2.difficult to find or obtain

3.make an effort to attain

4.Insist on / Stick to // despite / when faced with

5.Always recognize and praise rightly others’ achievement

6.behave in a way that is natural or normal

II. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form.

1. appointed

2. politically

3. account for

4. succumbed to

5. ensured

6. instinctively

7. tough

8. object

9. challenge 10. seductive III. Choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences.

1. D

2. A

3. B

4. C

5. B

6. A.

7. C

8. A

IV. Fill in each blank with one of the two words from each pair and note the difference of meaning between them.

1. a. Morality b. morality c. ethics d. ethics

Morality means the rightness or pureness of behavior; ethics refers to (the study of) questions about what is morally right and wrong

2. a. demands b. asked c. asking d. demanded

Demand commonly suggests a speaker in authority who bluntly insists upon being obeyed and does not intend to be contradicted, while ask means to call on somebody for an answer or to request information or to invite. Also, the usage and structural requirements of these two words are different, as is shown in the exercises.

3. a. real b. genuine c. real d. genuine

Genuine emphasizes the fact of not being spurious, adulterated, imitated or counterfeit, while real refers to physically existent things.

4. a. preserve b. preserve c. save d. save

Preserve emphasizes keeping something that is valuable exactly as it is, without change and even without using it at all. Save suggests rescuing something with a sense of great urgency.

V. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.

1. truthful (upright, frank)

2. outer (external exterior)

3. rare (uncommon, scant)

4. fire (sack, dismiss)

5. resolutely (determinedly, unyielding)

6. fearless (dauntless, brave, bold)

7. unpleasant (disagreeable)

8. unfashionable (old-fashioned, outdated)

VI. Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given capitalized word in brackets.

1. inexperienced

2. rightful

3. impoliteness

4. handful

5. heady

6. straightening

7. sleepy

8. beggar

Grammar

I. Explain the functions of the following imperative sentences.

1.Givinginstruction

2.Expressing a wish

3.Making a suggestion

4.Giving an order

5.Giving an order and expressing anger

6.Inviting

7.Warning

8.Forbidding

II. R ewrite the following using the imperative.

1. Take a break.

2. Let’s not stay here any longer.

3. Stop criticizing others.

4. Have another biscuit, please.

5. In this play you be the princess and I be the witch.

6. Go and buy yourself a new pair of shoes.

7. Don’t you ever be late again! / Never be late again!

8. Let us never forget the brave men and women who made the ultimate sacrifice. III. Add a question tag to the following statements.

1. will/can/can’t you

2. will / won’t you

3. will you

4. shall we

5. would/could/can you

6. will/won’t/can’t you

7. will you

8. shall we

IV. Arrange the following sentences according to the degree of politeness.

3, 5, 4, 8, 7, 2, 1, 6

V. Complete the following sentences with the words or phrases in the box.

1. another

2. another

3. others

4. other

5. another

6. the other

7. the others

8. another, others

VI. Make sentences of your own after the sentence given below, using wh-clausesassubject complements.

Additional example: And that is exactly what her parents expected her to be—a world famous ballerina.

Translation

I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1. 人的一生就像被刚降下的雪覆盖的田野，无论在哪儿走过都会留下自己的足迹。

2. 他们本能地明白：为人正直就意味着具有个人道德和伦理的标准，那就是决不迁就权宜之计，也不为眼前的形势所左右。

3. 那些缺乏真正的根本价值观的人依赖于外因——自己的长相或地位——以获得良好的自我感觉。

4. 为人正直就意味着凡事都因其正确而为之，并非仅仅是为了赶时髦或趋炎附势。

II. Translate each of the following sentences into English, using the word and phrases given in the bracket.

1. That psychiatrist, who had talked about his patients, was charged with violating

professional ethics.

2. Hanging on the walls of the classroom are some famous sayings, which inspire

and urge people to exert themselves.

3. All kinds of commodities are available (to you). Nothing is in short supply.

4. We all trust the president of the board of directors, who is a man of absolute

integrity.

5. Before we vote for him, we want to know what he stands for.

6. The defendant couldn’t account for the fact that the money was found in his house.

7. When I saw that he was right, I had to back down.

8. She has been appointed sales director, for she is both clever and diligent.

9. One of the biggest challenges faced by the present government is that of creating

new industries and new jobs.

10. The enemy succumbed soon after our soldiers stormed its stronghold.

Exercises for integrated skills

I. Dictation

In order to learn to be one’s true self, / it is necessary to obtain a wide and

extensive knowledge of what has been said and done in the world; / critically to inquire into it; / carefully to consider it; clearly to analyze it; / and earnestly to carry it out.

It matters not what you learn, / but when you once learn a thing, / you must never give it up until you have thoroughly understood it. / It matters not what you try to think of, / but when you once try to think of a thing, / you must never give it up / until you have done it thoroughly and well.

If another man succeeds by one effort, / you will use a hundred efforts. / If another man succeeds by ten efforts, / you will use a thousand.

II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.

1. how

2. based

3. leads

4. chose

5. discoveries

6. response

7. what(ever)

8. state

9. direct 10.Because

Writing

Combine the following sentences with appropriate subordinating conjunctions and delete unnecessary words.

1. Although commercials are necessary for business, they can be annoying to the public.

2. Health is above wealth because the latter cannot give so much happiness as the former.

3. The manager wrote down the name of the new software for fear that he should/would forget it.

4. He still won the game even though he had broken his wrist.

5. My teacher seems to have a ready-made answer, no matter when / whenever / every time I ask him.

6. No matter how / However much money you are making, you will never be able to buy your time back.

7. One can not learn a foreign language well unless he studies hard.

8. The lecturer raised his voice so that / in order that we could hear him clearly. Or: The lecturer raised his voice so that we hear him clearly.

9. People do not know the value of health until they lose it.

10. Just as one cannot judge a person by his appearance, so one cannot judge a book by its cover.

英语专四历年听写文本

历年英语专业四级考试听力听写原文（1994年-2007年） The American Family (1994) The concept of family life has changed considerably over the years. / In earliest times, several generations lived together in clans, / which consisted of all living descendents and their husbands or wives. / These clans were almost totally self-sufficient, / every member contributing in some way toward the survival of the group. / The men hunted and fished for food or sometimes maintained flocks of sheep or goats. / The women baked bread and roasted the meat their men provided. / Special members of the community were selected to make products like pottery, baskets and home weapons. / But with the development of greater varieties of food, clothing and shelter, / a single clan could no longer develop all the individual skills the group required. / Clans merged into larger societies and at the same time broke into smaller units consisting of married couples and their children. / Later the Industrial Revolution brought about even more important changes in family life. / New inventions brought shorter working hours for men and easier housekeeping routines for women. / Today a productive family life suggests not the group's cooperative efforts of working together, / but the pleasant and meaningful sharing of its leisure. Unidentified Flying Objects (1995) There are many explanations for why UFOs visit the Earth. / The most popular one is that they maybe visitors from other planets./ To fly such aircraft, their builders must develop different forms of aviation,/because they seem to fly much faster than normal aircraft./ The UFOs, it is believed, must contain scientists/ from other planets who are studying life on earth./ It is even believed that several such aircraft may have landed on earth/ and the space visitors may be living amongst us./ But there are also less fantastic explanations available./ Although some sightings of UFOs are difficult to explain, most can be explained quite easily./ In many cases the observers might have made a mistake./ They might have seen a weather balloon or an aircraft./ Or the light they saw in the sky might have been light from the ground,/ reflected on to the clouds./ However, the exact cause of many sightings still remained a mystery. The Indian Medicine Man (1996) Among the Indians of North America, the medicine man was a very important person. He could cure illness and he could speak to the spirits. The spirits were the supernatural forces that controlled the world. The Indians believed that bad spirits made people ill. So when people were ill, the medicine man tried to help them by using magic. He spoke to the good spirits and asked for their help. Many people were cured, because they thought the spirits were helping them, but really these people cured themselves. Sometimes your own mind is the best doctor for you. The medicine men were often successful for another reason, too. They knew about plants that really can cure illness. A lot of medicines are made from the plants that were used by medicine men hundred of years ago. Legal Age for Marriage (1997)

英语专业四级考试真题听力部分历年听写原文(2005年-2014年)

英语专业四级考试真题听写原文2005年 The Wrist Watch It is generally believed that wrist watches are an exception / to the normal sequence in the evolution of man's jewelry. / Reversing the usual order, they were first worn by women, / and then adopted by men. / In the old days, queens included wrist watches among their crown jewelry. / Later, they were worn by Swiss workers and farmers. / Until World War I, Americans associated the watch with fortune hunters. / Then army officers discovered that the wrist watch was most practical for active combat. / Race car drivers also loved to wear wrist watches, / and pilots found them most useful while flying. / Soon men dared to wear wrist watches without feeling self-conscious. / By 1924, some 30 percent of man's watches were worn on the wrist. / Today, the figure is 90 percent. / And they are now worn by both men and women / for practical purposes rather than for decoration. 2006年 The internet The internet is the most significant progress in the field of communications.Imagine a book that never rend, a library with milion floors,or imagine a research project with thousands of sientists working around the clock forever.This is the magic of the internet.

英语专四听力dictation

Digital cameras According to a standard definition, a digital camera is a camera that produces digital images that can be stored in a computer, displayed on a screen and printed. Years ago, people used to possess two different devices in order to take pictures and make videos. The creation of digital cameras was motivated mainly by two factors. First, need to spare space. Second make it more comfortable for people to do both things with higher quality results. the multi-functionalism of digital cameras and combination of several devices in one make it a popular choice for a modern man. For years a digital camera has been unaffordable for many families. However, the variety of digital cameras and various prices nowadays make it possible for almost every single family to buy a digital camera. With increasingly fierce competition, the digital camera manufactures satisfy customers with lower prices but best quality standards. The migration of birds The most obvious feature of birds is that they can fly. This facility gives them great mobility and control over their movements. Many species can travel quickly and economically over long distances, up to thousands of kilometers, if necessary, crossing seas, deserts or other inhospitable areas. They also have great orientation and navigational skills and are able to remember and re-find remote places they have previously visited. Birds can thereby occupy widely separated areas at different seasons, returning repeatedly to the same localities from year to year. Although migration is evident in other animal groups, including insects, mammals and fish, in none is it as widely and well-developed as in birds. The collective travel routes of birds span almost the entire planet. As a result of migration, birds’ distributions are continually changing on regular seasonal patterns and on local, regional or global scales. Benefits of becoming a teacher Becoming a teacher gives you a chance to spend a major portion of your day with children or youngsters. With kids around, you are a part of their world of innocence and purity. It indeed creates a healthy work environment for you. On becoming a teacher, you get a chance to be with children, laughing with them, think their way and enjoy their innocent, silly and hopefully naughty behavior. Apart from this, the nature of your job is that you do not work on weekends and you get your share of holidays. Becoming a teacher entitles you for receiving private scholarships and sponsorships for teaching programs. However, one of the most important benefits of becoming a teacher is that teachers contribute to the shaping of the future generations. They make a difference to society by playing a vital role in nurturing young minds. British and American police officers Real policemen both in Britain and the U.S. hardly recognize any common points between their lives and what they see on TV, if they ever get home in time. Some

专四dictation原文(1993—2012)

Package Holidays (1993) Package holidays, covering a two weeks' stay in an attractive place, are increasingly popular. Once you get to the airport, it is up to the tour operator to see that you get safely to your destination．Everything is laid on for you．There is, in fact, no reason for you to bother to arrange anything yourselves．You make friends and have a good time. But there is very little chance that you will really get to know the local people．This is even less likely on a coach tour, when you spend almost your entire time traveling．Of course, there are carefully planned stops for you to visit historic buildings and monuments. You may visit the beautiful, the historic, the ancient. But time is always short．There is also the added disadvantage of being obliged to spend you holiday with a group of people you have never met before． The American Family (1994) The American family unit is changing. There used to be mainly two types of families, the extended and the nuclear. The former included mother, father, children, and some other relatives such as grandparents, living in the same house or nearby. Then as the economy progressed from agricultural to industrial, people began moving to different parts of the country in order to search for job opportunities. These moves split up the extended family. The nuclear family consisting of only parents and children has therefore become far more wide spread. Today’s family, however, can be composed of diverse combinations. With the divorce rate nearly one in two, there's an increase in single-parent homes—a father or mother living with one or more children. Blended families occur when divorced men and women remarry and combine the children from former marriages into a new family. On the other hand, there is an increase in childless couples while one in rive Americans lives alone. Unidentified Flying Objects (1995) There are many explanations for why UFOs visit the Earth. / The most popular one is that they maybe visitors from other planets./ To fly such aircraft, their builders must develop different forms of aviation,/because they seem to fly much faster than normal aircraft./ The UFOs, it is believed, must contain scientists/ from other planets who are studying life on earth./ It is even believed that several such aircraft may have landed on earth/ and the space visitors may be living amongst us./ But there are also less fantastic explanations available./ Although some sightings of UFOs are difficult to explain, most can be explained quite easily./ In many cases the observers might have made a mistake./ They might have seen a weather balloon or an aircraft./ Or the light they saw in the sky might have been light from the ground,/ reflected on to the clouds./ However, the exact cause of many sightings still remained a mystery. The Indian Medicine Man (1996) Among the Indians of North America, the medicine man was a very important person. He could cure illness and he could speak to the spirits. The spirits were the supernatural forces that controlled the world. The Indians believed that bad spirits made people ill. So when people were ill, the medicine man tried to help them by using magic. He spoke to the good spirits and asked for their help. Many people were cured, because they thought the spirits were helping them, but really these people cured themselves. Sometimes your own mind is the best doctor for you. The medicine men were often successful for another reason, too. They knew about plants that really can cure illness. A lot of medicines are made from the plants that were used by medicine men

专四1995_2004历年真题听力Dictation部分

Unidentified Flying Objects There are many explanations for why UFOs exist on earth. The most popular one is that they may contain visitor from other planets. To fly such an aircraft the builders must develop different forms of aviation, because they seem to fly much faster than normal aircraft. The UFOs, it is believed, must contain scientists from other planets who are studying life on earth. It is even believed that several such aircraft may have landed on earth and the space visitors may be living among us. But there are also less fantastic explanations available. Although some sightings of UFO are difficult to explain, most can be explained quite easily. In many cases the observers might have made a mistake. They might have seen a weather balloon or an aircraft. Or the light they saw in the sky might have been light from the ground reflected onto the clouds. However, the exact cause of many sightings still remains a mystery. 1996 The Indian Medicine Man Among the Indians of North America, the medicine-man was a very important person. He could cure illnesses and he could speak to the spirits. The spirits were the super-natural forces that controlled the world. The Indians believed that had spirits made people ill. So when people were ill. The medicine man tried to help them by using magic. He spoke to the good spirits and asked for their help. Many people were cured because they thought that these spirits were helping them. But, really, these people curded themselves. Sometimes, your mind is the best doctor for you. The medicine-men were often successful for other reason, too. They knew about plants that really can cure illnesses. A lot of modern medicines are made from plants that were used by medicine-men hundreds of years ago. 1997 Legal Age for Marriage Throughout the United States, the legal age for marriage shows some difference. The most common age without parents’ consent is 18 for both females and males. However, persons who are under age in their home state can get married in another state, and then return to the home state legally married. Each state issues its own marriage license. Both residents and non-residents are qualified for such a license. The fees and ceremonies vary greatly from state to state. Most states, for instance, have a blood test requirement, but a few do not. Most states permit either a civil or religious ceremony, but a few require the ceremony to be religious. In most states a waiting period is required before the license is issued. This period is from one to five days depending on the state. A three-day-wait is the most common. In some states there is no required waiting period. 1998 The Railway in Britain The success of early railways, such as the lines between big cities, led to a great increase in railway building in Victorian times. Between 1835 and 1865 about 25000 kilometers of track were built, and over 100 railway companies were created. Railway travel transformed people’s lives. Trains were first designed to carry to goods. However, a law in the 19th century forced railway companies to run one cheap train a day which stopped at every station and cost only a penny a mile. Soon working class passengers found they could afford to travel by rail. Cheap day excursion trains became popular and seaside resorts grew rapidly. The railways also provided thousands of new jobs: building carriages, running the railways and repairing the tracks. Railways even changed the time. The need to run the railways on time meant that local time was abolished and clocks showed the same time all over the country.

专四听力原文

Legal Age for Marriage (1997) Throughout the United States, the legal age for marriage shows some difference./ The most com mon age without parents’ consent is 18 for both females and males./ However, persons who are under age in their home state can get married in another state, and then return to the home stat e legally married./ Each state issues its own marriage license./ Both residents and non-residents a re qualified for such a license./ The fees and ceremonies vary greatly from state to state./ Most st ates, for instance, have a blood test requirement, but a few do not./ Most states permit either a c ivil or religious ceremony, but a few require the ceremony to be religious./ In most states a waitin g period is required before the license is issued. /This period is from one to five days depending o n the state. / A three-day-wait is the most common. In some states there is no required waiting p eriod. The Railways in Britain (1998) The success of early railways, such as the lines between big cities,/ led to a great increase in railw ay building in Victorian times. / Between 1835 and 1865 about 25000 kilometers of track were bu ilt,/ and over 100 railway companies were created. / Railway travel transformed people's lives. / Trains were first designed to carry goods. / However, a law in the 19th century forced railway companies to run one cheap train a day / which stopped at every station and cost only a penny a mile. / Soon working class passengers found they could a fford to travel by rail. / Cheap day excursion trains became popular and seaside resorts grew rapi dly. / The railways also provided thousands of new jobs:/ building carriages, running the railways and repairing the tracks. / Railways even changed the time. / The need to run the railways on tim e meant that local time was abolished/ and clocks showed the same time all over the country. / United Nations Day (1999) The 24th of October is celebrated as United Nations Day. /it is a day that belongs to everyone./ A nd it is celebrated in most countries of the world./ Some countries celebrate for a week instead o f a day. /In many parts of the world, schools have special programs for the day. /Boys and girls in s ome communities decorate a UN tree./ In other communities, young people put on plays about t he UN./ Some libraries exhibit children’s art works from around the world. /Schools celebrate wit h the songs and dances of other countries/ or give parties where foods of other countries are ser ved./ No matter how the day is celebrated,/ the purpose of these celebrations is to help everyon e understand the UN,/ and the important roles it plays in world affairs. /The UN encourages peop le to learn about other lands and their customs./ In this way, people can gain a better understand ing and appreciation of peoples all over the world./ What We Know About Language (2000)

2017专四答案+听力原文

2017专四答案+听力原文 Part Ⅰ DICTATION Learning Sympathy A big part of being human is feeling sympathy, / but how early on in our lives do we learn this? / Scientists find that babies respond to other people / by crying when other babies cry. / However, babies can’t distinguish between themselves and others / until they’re eighteen to twenty months old. / Toddlers start to show concern for others around this time. / Kids also begin to do things like comforting other people. / And by the time they’re three, / most children will try to protect a victim in a fight. Part Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A TALK 1. a physical classroom 2. a coherent concept 3. personalized curriculum 4. (more) meaningful practice 5. feedback 6. collaborative learning 7. question and answer 8. fundamental human right 9. lifelong learning 10. innovation SECTION B CONVERSATIONS 1. What’s wrong with the man’s computer? 答案：A. It has wiped the data from the flash drive. 2. How will the man be compensated if the computer can’t be fixed? 答案：C. Get a new computer. 3. How did the man feel about the woman’s offer of compensation? 答案：D. Dissatisfied. 4. When will the service engineer come to fix the computer? 答案：B. After 8:30 tomorrow morning. 5. What is the man’s phone number? 答案：A. 6574-3205. 6. What sho uld we do if our neighbors didn’t reach out? 答案：B. Introduce ourselves first. 7. Which is the best way to handle a noisy neighbor? 答案：C. Give him a reason to stop. 8. What should we do if we have a nosy neighbor? 答案：D. Don’t answer their questions. 9. How long do we expect our neighbors to stay? 答案：B. Five to ten minutes. 10. Where can we get more information on this topic? 答案：D. CBS news website.