老托福分类场景听力文本(精编版)

老托听力文本

目录

校园类17+4=21 (2)

第一篇宿舍噪音 (2)

第一篇（打工场景） (10)

生物类15+13=28 (12)

第一篇reptile (13)

第一篇（实验介绍） (20)

天文类3+3=6 (26)

第一篇Jupiter (27)

第一篇（登陆月球和火星） (28)

地球科学类5+12=17 (30)

第一篇恐龙消失 (30)

第一篇（地球interior） (32)

人类学类5+3=8 (38)

第一篇The origin of farming of prehistoric times (38)

第一篇 (41)

历史类16+31=47 (42)

第一篇建筑 (42)

第一篇（舞蹈） (50)

人体生理心理学类2+7=9 (66)

66

第一篇（Baby hypothesis） (67)

Business类4 (71)

语言学类3 (73)

校园类17+4=21

第一篇宿舍噪音

W: So how do you like living in the renovated dorms?

M: There aren?t much different than the old dorms, ju st some new pane and windows. The windows are nice so they shut off the noise really well. The street?s just outside, but I can barely hear the traffic.

W: Um, they must be good windows, I bet they must have double panes and glass; they shut off a lot o f noise that the single pane wouldn?t stop.

M: Yeah, I wish I had something just the factor between me and my neighbor?s room. Sometimes he turns up the music so loud that I have trouble getting into sleep. Anyway I guess I?m better off than the people who?ll be moving into the new dorms. Did you see how thin the walls are that they putting up between those rooms?

W: I haven?t seen them but I did read something about them in the campus newspaper. They are supposed to be better than the thick concrete wa ll you?ve got here.

M: Better? How?

W: Well, what they doing is separating each room with 2 thin layer of plasterboards and each one is nailed to a different frame. That way they vibrate independently.

M: Oh, I see, so the sound from one room doesn?t just vibrate the wall and go directly into next room. There is a gap between 2 layers of wall.

W: That?s right.

M: Well, I?m still stuck with this neighbor and I am not sure what to do.

W: You know heavy bear wall doesn?t help. You should hang somet hing up like some fur rags or some decorated cross. That would act like a kind of a second wall and absorb some sound. I got some extras you can use, people hey.

M: I?d appreciate it; anything to get a good night sleep.

第二篇

W: Can I help you find something? Oh, hi, Rick!

M: Oh, hi, Julie. When did you start working here? I thought you were waiting tables in Teresa?s café.

W: Yeah, I quitted, because I had to work too many nights. I started here just a few days ago. It?s perfect! I work all afternoon shift. So my mornings are free for classes, and I can study at night. So what are you looking for?

M: Well, I can?t seem to find the 8th book for English 626. I only found these seven. I?m probably looking right at it

W: Um…English 626…English 626… Are you sure they are 8?

M: Yeah, they are 8 titles on my syllabus. And look, the card on the shelf had eight listed. But I can only find seven of the books.

W: You are right. Oh, here they are. They are on the wrong shelves over here by economics books.

I?ll have to put these into the English books so they are not so hard to find.

M: Thanks a lot. Can you point me the direction of the computer paper?

W: Sure, it?s… 2 or 3 aisles over. Why don?t you follow me? It?s easier just to show you.

第三篇选课

M: Janet! Nice to see you again. Ready to plan you schedule for next semester?

W: Yeah, I?ve already looked at the list of classes. And I hope to take business law and intro to

finance this coming semester.

M: That sounds good. And it is always best plans the courses in your major first and then fit out the requirements on the electives then.

W: I like to take one other business course, but I am not sure which one?

M: How are about an economics course?

W: I took one this past semester and got a lot out of it.

M: Oh, that?s right I remember you telling me about it. Well, let?s see what else you need? W: I need another English course and was thinking about taking a poetry class.

M: Let me see, the prerequisite for all the poetry classes is the English composition.

W: I took that my first semester.

M: Well, modern American poetry fits in your schedule

W: With Doctor Turner?

M: Um-huh…

W: That?ll be great! I heard all about her from my roommate, the English major.

M: This should up tobe a pretty good semester for you, what else do you need to take?

W: I have to take one more math course but I have been putting it at all. I heard that calculus is

really tough.

M: It is! But you may want to take it and just take these four courses this semester.

W: That?s not a bad idea! I just hope it doesn?t affect my grade point average!

第四篇学生抗议食堂

W: Excuse me. Do you mind if I ask you a few questions?

M: No I guess not.

M: Great! This is for a student council report; we want to find out what students think the campus food service the results would tell us what kind of changes to push for.

M: I think everyone has pretty strong opinions about that.

W: Yeah, that?s one thing I found out already. Ok, first how often do you eat in the cafeteria? M: Almost everyday, I?ve got a meal contract.

W: And do you usually eat here at Anderson hall.

M: Yeah, I live next door.

W: And you mention that you have a meal contract, is that right?

M: Uh-huh! For breakfast and dinner, Monday to Saturday.

W: What?s your general impression of the food here?

M: Well, people complain a lot, but basically I think it?s ok. The vegetables are usually overcooked, but I mean they had to feed hundreds of people here. You are not going to get something freshly prepared just for you.

W: What if I just put down generally satisfactory, would like more fresh vegetables, ok?

M: Sure.

W: So you think the other things like soup and dessert?s okay?

M: Yeah, that?s about right.

W: Is there anything you like to change about the cafeteria?

M: Yes, the hours. Sometimes it?s a real rush for me to get back here before 6:30.

第五篇学习问题

★

W: Excuse me! I need to a copy of Steven Hakim?s Brief History of Time. And I don?t know where to look for it?

M: D id you check the status on the library?s computer?

W: I tried but I couldn?t figure out what to do.

M: Well I can call it up right here. You wanted Hakim?s book right? It looks like it will be out for another 6 weeks.

W: Oh no, I really need it for paper that due in 2 weeks. Is there anything you can do?

M: Sure, we can try to get it from another library, just fill out this form and it should be here in 3 or 5 days. But it will cost 2 dollars.

W: What a relief! That?s a really help!

**********************************************************

★

M: Good morning. Is this where we should come to add or drop a course?

W: Yes, it is. Just write the name of the course you want to drop on this little form.

M: Great! Now where do I write the Astronomy course that I want to add?

W: Sorry it?s too late to add a course. You could only add courses two weeks since this semester. And Friday was the last day.

M: But I?m senior. And if I dropped the class without adding in one, I wouldn?t have enough credits to graduate.

W: So, what you have to do then is to get the professor?s approval and have him sign the special add form. Then bring it back to me, and I put it through.

M: Okay. Thanks. I hope I?ll be able to find them.

**********************************************************

★

M: Hi, Lanyard, we missed you in psychology class yesterday.

W: I have a terrible cough. So I stayed at home. Do you take notes?

M: Well, no one can ever recite for my handwriting. Tina was there, too. And you are more likely to be able to read her notes.

W: Do you know where she is today?

M: I know she has class in the morning. But she always eats lunch in the cafeteria around noon.

W: Good! I?ll try to catch her then.

第六篇打工场景

M: So you are going to be writing for the school newspaper?

W: Yes, I?m excited about it. I?m thinking about journalism as a career.

M: Well! Congratulations! How do they decide whom to hire?

W: I have to send the writing sample. I used one of the essays I?ve written for the literature class, then the editor assigned me a topic to write a short article about it.

M: What did you write about?

W: Actually, it was a lot of fun. I wrote about the students? play that has been performed this month.

M: Oh, I saw that play. The director is a friend of mine. It really called in a stir around here. W: Yeah, I know. That?s what I wrote about --people?s reaction to it. It?s really interesting. M: Have you finished the article? Can I read it?

W: Sure. I just made a couple of copies. So you can have one.

M: Thanks. I wish I were a better writer. Working for the paper sounds like fun.

W: Well, they?re looking to add one or two more photographers to the staff.

M: You?re kidding! May be I?ll go over and apply.

W: If you want, I?ll walk over with you to the newspaper office and introduce you to the photographic editor and some of the other photographers.

M: That will be terrific! But can we go tomorrow? I have to go to math class now. And if we go tomorrow, then I?ll have time tonight to put together a portfolio of photographs to show them.

W: Sure. And maybe you should call them and set up a time to meeting them tomorrow. M: Good idea. I?ll do that before I go to class.

W: All right. See you tomorrow.

第七篇学习问题

W: Hey, Kevin, I haven?t seen you since the beginning of the semester, how is it going?

M: Well, I am a little overwhelmed. It?s strange. I always want to go to a big university like this but now I am here. I am not so sure. I mean the courses ar e interesting enough, but… W: What?s bothering you then?

M: Well after going to a small high school and knowing everybody it?s a pretty shagged to be in huge lecture hall with hundreds of students. And not one professor even knows my name. W: I know y ou mean. I?ve so pretty lost myself last year but I know about something that might help. It?s called the mentor group.

M: The what?

W: The mentor group. It?s like a support group. I joined it last year when I was a first year student.

M: So what is it?

W: It?s basically professors and small group of students getting together informally to discuss all kinds of subjects. You have the chance to meet professors and other students.

M: Hem, sounds worthwhile, but doesn?t it take up a lot of studying ti me？

W: Not really, you can study all the time you know and this is like a little break.

M: I guess you could meet professor whose course you might take later!

W: Exactly, that?s what happened to me! I am taking the psychology course with Professor Green. I didn?t know how interesting psychology was, till I got to talk to him in the mentor group.

M: You talk to him in the mentor group! Is it too late to join?

W: I don?t think so; if I were you I go over to the dean?s office and sign up.

M: I was going to the library to return a book but I can do it later I guess.

第八篇注册学校

W: Here we are at registration again; I can?t believe how much tuition has gone up.

M: I know. It?s ridiculous. You know my cousin Anne pays nothing to go her school in Kentucky.

W: Nothing! Maybe I should transfer there.

M: You can?t, only students from certain part of Kentucky can go. It?s only for students from the Appalachian Mountains area.

W: So with no tuition how do they run the school?

M: Well, they get a lot of donations.

W: And that pays for everything?

M: Well, they also get some money from the government and besides that all the students are required to work at the college. That?s why the college doesn?t need to hire a lot of

outside-workers.

W: Oh yeah, that will help cut the school expenses, so what kind of job do they do?

M: My cousin helps to clean the dorms. I think her roommate washes dishes in the cafeteria. Things like that.

W: That sounds great! Come to think of it. I heard of something in Georgia called hope scholarship.

M: Hope scholarship? What?s that?

W: I think they used state lottery money to give free tuition. But not everyone from Georgia qualifies. You need at least B average in high school.

M: I should apply for that. I had really good grades in high school.

W: No, you had to be from Georgia.

M: Just my luck.

第九篇学习问题

W: What?s the matter? I?ve never seen you look so tense?

M: Oh, I am just frustrated. That?s all. I have been working on this lab report for my biology class for hours and the results keep coming out wrong.

W: Did you use the right procedures?

M: Yeah, that?s not the problem…it?s just the…well, it?s just, you know every time I do the statistics I get the different results. Did you ever take biology?

W: No, I fill my science requirement with physics, I really don?t car e for biology especially dissection. I must pass it down in high school. We had to cut open that.

M: Ok, I get the picture, I am bit squish myself but biology requires the least math, which

isn?t my best subject. I really don?t see why we even have to t ake science classes if we are not major in it. I am never going to use this in the real life.

W: Well that?s not the point really, a college graduate suppose to be well-rounded it. You know

with broad education. You can only specialize in grad school.

M: Sure, if I ever get there. It just seems I run one biology lab report could stand in the wave of brilliant career in sociology.

W: You don?t be silly; you will manage somehow. See how come you don?t have the result for one of your XXX to write down.

M: Whoops! I must forgot to add it in. No wonder my figures were messed up!

十篇

W: Hi, Mark, how is it going?

M: Well, not so great.

W: What's wrong?

M: I?ve got a big problem with the poetry course that?s required for my major.

W: Is it all sold up?

M: No, no, there's plenty room, but there's prerequisite. I?ve got to take an introduction to poetry before I can take the special course in poets of the 1960's, and the introductory course is only offered in the evenings.

W: You don't like evening classes?

M: No, that's not the point. I work in the cafeteria every evening; I need the money to pay my tuition.

W: Can you ask someone that work to switch hours with you? Maybe you could just switch a couple of evening since the course probably only needs two times a week?

M: I wish I could, my boss just did me a favor by putting me on evenings. And he'll hit the ceiling if I ask to change again.

W: Wait a minute, I have an idea, have you checked the course over at the community college?

They might offer intro-to-poetry course during the day!

M: Hey, that's a great idea! I am free this afternoon, I think I'll go over and check it out.

W: Yeah, their courses are actually cheaper and you can transfer the credits over here!

M: Thank for the advice, Linda. I'll let you know what happens.

W: Sure, Mark, good luck! Oh, while you there, could you find out when the pool is open? M: No problem.

第十一篇学习问题

M: I'm really glad we got Cindy to be in our study group.

W: That's for sure, his background in art should be a big help getting ready for this art history final.

M: Now, what we'll have to do is to figure out where we?re going to meet.

W: Why don't we just meet in the library?

M: The six people in the group will probably make too much noise. How about my dorm room?

W: There is not enough space, where would we all sit?

M: Oh, I know, the snack bar in the student center! It is not too crowd in the evening, and we can push some tables together.

W: That'll work! I'll let everyone know to be there at 7:00 tonight.

第十二篇买书

M: Excuse me. I am looking for the textbook for a course called Psychology of Personality, but Ican't find it anywhere.

W: Is that the book for Dr. Peterson's course?

M: That's right, Psychology 3601.

W: Yes, yes, I was afraid of that. It seems we didn't order enough books for that class. You are the 7th person today who?s come in looking for one.

M: But classes begin on Monday.

W: I wouldn't worry, Dr. Peterson was aware of the problem, and we got another shipment of books coming in before the end of the month.

M: Can I reserve the copy?

W: No problem. Just give me your name and phone number, we'll call you when the books arrive.

第十三篇停车

★

M: I?ve got another parking ticket. I don't understand why?

W: What color sticker do you have?

M: It's gold; it's for this lot!

W: Well, where did you park?

M: Over there, next to that green truck.

W: You are right in front of the loading dock; that's where they unload the kitchen supplies. M: So what?

W: You are lucky you only got a ticket. Normally, security tows any cars that park there.

第十四篇打工场景

★Listen to a conversation between an advisor and a student.

W: Come on in, Paul, and have a seat. How can I help you?

M: Well, I need to choose my major, and I guess I am not sure what I want to do for a career. W: Oh!

M: My problem is that I love philosophy, but my dad doesn't want me to get a degree in the humanities. He said that I'll be better off financially with a career in something like business. W: Yes, people in the humanities often do make lower salaries.

M: Yeah, and I don't want to be poor, so I?m doomed.

W: Hem...I guess you know that a lot of famous philosophers work in other fields, too. In fact,

some of them did ground-breaking work.

M: Like Aristotle?

W: Um, this is just one example. There were doctors, lawyers, historians, mathematicians. Lock for example, he was trained to medicine.

M: Yeah, but you are talking about geniuses. I get to grades, but I'm not a genius.

W: My point is, you could work in a higher paid field and pursue philosophy on the side. It's not too late for you to declare a double major.

M: But what other fields what I choose?

W: I can help you with that, there's a special test you can take to determine your talents. You can take it now and it only takes an hour, then we can match your talents to a variety of job descriptions and go for there.

M: Ok, that sounds like a good plan!

第十五篇打工场景

M: Ms. Preska, I am Tim Louis.

W: Nice to meet you, Tim. The work study office called to let me know you will come in. You are interested in job here this coming semester.

M: Yes, I was hoping the library might be able to use me.

W: We always need some help from work study students. Can you tell me a little about yourself?

M: Let?s see, I am a sophomore. I live off campus and I major in business.

W: Fine, what about work experience?

M: I have been the lifeguard for 3 summers at city pool. Here on campus I work last year in the cafeteria. This semester I am at the computer center 3 evenings a week but I prefer the afternoon job.

W: We have the opening for someone to share books 4 afternoons a week, a total of 16 hours. Will that suit you?

M: Perfectly, my courses in next semester all meet in the morning.

W: The job is yours then. Please read through this information before your begin, your first day of work will be 2 weeks from today.

M: Thank you very much, I?ll see you then.

第十六篇暑假出行

M: So where are you going to be this summer?

W: I?ve got a part time job at the gallery in New York. And I will be taking a joining class at night.

M: That's great. You can learn a lot working in an art gallery, and there's no place like New York for an inspiring artist. I lived there myself when I was first at the college.

W: I know how lucky I am to have this job but to tell you the truth; I have my heart set on going out west this summer.

M: Out west? You mean California.

W: No, the southwest, the desert and everything

M: Why the desert?

W: Well, you know, Georgia O'Keeffe is my favorite artist, and she did such good work out there.

M: That' true. But O'Keeffe didn't start out in the southwest, you know. She lived in New York for years, and she did some very impressive painting there.

W: I guess you mean the skyscraper series. It's funny I never really thought about where she paint them before.

M: It was in New York and she got a lot out of living there. She didn't always enjoy it. But later on she said that being around so many artists that help her to develop her own artistic vision.

W: That's a new way of looking at the city. Now I can only find affordable place to live.

第十七篇学习问题

★Listen to part of the conversation between two college students

M: Could we stop for a few minutes before we go over chapter five? I'm gonna need extra emerge to get through that one.

W: Why? The first four chapters went really fast.

M: I know, but the professor said the test would go up to chapter five. And that's the one I understand least. My notes from that day are a mess, circles made of broken lines, the word "GESTALT" in big letters, complete confusion.

W: Ok, well, let's start with the broken lines. There suppose to be an illustration of the principle of closure. The idea is that your brain doesn't take in information exactly the same way as your eyes see it. I mean it's not like your eyes are camera and your brain just see the photographs it takes. The point is that your brain perceives more than your eyes actually see. Imaging individual broken lines and the shape of the circle, your brain perceives them to be a circle, even though the shape isn't complete. Your brain fills in the empty spaces because what it sees is familiar to a complete pattern.

M: Oh, I get it. Our brains? close is based in the circle --- closure, so is closure the same thing as GESTALT?

W: Well, closure is part of GESTALT. It's one of the five principles that try to explain how the

brain organizes the information it perceives.

M: Hem, do you think that the other four principles would be on the test?

W: Probably seems they are all in chapter five. We'd better go over all of them.

M: Yeah, I'm sure you are right. But let's go and get something to eat before we do the rest, ok? Otherwise, I don't think my brain will be able to perceive anything.

W: Sure, let's go.

第一篇（打工场景）

It seems like only yesterday that I was sitting where you are, just finishing my first year of medical school and wondering if I'd ever get a chance to use all my new knowledge on a real live patient!

Well, I have good news for you! You don't have to wait until your third or fourth year of

Medical school to get some hands-on experience! The dean has invited me here to tell you about the university's rural opportunity program. If you enroll in this program, you can have the opportunity this summer, after your first year of medical school, to spend from four to six weeks observing and assisting a real physician like me in a small rural community. You won't have to compete with other students for time and attention, and you can see what life as a country doctor is really like.

The program was designed to encourage medical students like yourselves to consider careers in rural communities that are still understaffed. It seems that medical students are afraid to go into rural family practice for two reasons. First, they don't know much about it. And second, specialists in the cities usually make more money. But, on the up-side, in rural practice, doctors can really get to know their patients and be respected members of the community.

I participated in the program when it first started and spent six weeks in a small rural town. Let me tell you, it was really great! I got to work with real patients. I watched the birth of a child, assisted an accident victim, and had lots of really practical hands-on experience --- all in one summer. And to my surprise, I found that country life has a lot to offer that city life doesn't --- no pollution or traffic jams, for instance!

My experience made me want to work where I'm needed and appreciated. I don't miss the city at all!

第二篇（选课场景）

In the few minutes that remain of today's class, I'd like to discuss next week's schedule with you. Because I'm presenting a paper at a conference in Detroit on Thursday, I won't be here for either Wednesday's or Friday's class. I will, however, be here for Monday's. Next Friday, a week from today, is the midterm exam, marking the halfway point in the semester. Professor Andrews has agreed to administer the exam. In place of the usual Wednesday class, I've arranged an optional review session. Since it is optional, attendance will not be taken; however, attending the class would be a good idea for those worried about the midterm. So, remember: optional class next Wednesday; midterm, Friday.

第三篇（打工场景）

Good afternoon. I'm here today to talk to you about a career with our airline. We're especially interested in recruiting people to fill openings for flight attendants.

First of all, to work as a flight attendant with us, you must be accepted into our training program --- and with so many people applying, it's not easy to be selected. From the thousands of applications that we receive annually, we choose fewer than a thousand people for training. So, we require experience serving the public; and it also helps if you've earned some college credits.

Also, not everybody who gets accepted into the training program makes it through.

The course meets six days a week for five weeks. The training includes extensive classroom work

in such subjects as first aid and passenger psychology as well as practical training in flight procedures and meal service. A lot of our graduates say that our fight attendants develop the skills of a nurse, a headwaiter, and a public relations executive!

But, as a flight attendant myself, I can say that all of the hard work is worth it. Of course, I get to travel throughout the country, and the airline pays all of my expenses while I'm away from my base station. And, what I like best of all is that I've made friends with people from all over the country!

第四篇（Housing场景）

I need to make sure you understand how to get housing for next year. When you entered as first-year students this year, the school assigned you to a dorm and a roommate, but next year as returning students you'll choose both your roommate and your dorm. But whether or not you actually get to live in your first choice depends on what number you or your roommate draws in the lottery system. The system gives priority to the students who have been here longest. Fourth-year students get the first block of numbers, third-years get the second block, and second-years --- like you'll be --- get the third. The lower the number you draw, the sooner you choose. Number one gets the first choice, number two gets the second choice, and so on.

You can use either your won or your intended roommate's number to make your room choice. If your roommate for next year has been at the school longer than you have, they'll be in a better block of numbers and so will have a better number than any second-year student. But most of you will probably be rooming with other second-year students and so neither of you may have a great number. You may not get into your first or even second choice. Of course, if you've made plans to live off campus, you don't need to enter the lottery at all.

Dorm space will be especially tight this year because the dorms on North Campus will be closed for renovations. This means that those of you who draw the worst numbers won't be able to get dorm housing at all. In that case, the housing office will help you find off-campus housing.

生物类15+13=28

第一篇reptile

M: Now let?s see professor Stone spent a lot of time talking about how animals walk and run.

I remember she started by describing how humans move, and later we went over the gaits of different two-legged and four-legged animals. Like cats, camels, lizards...

W: Wait. I think I missed the class when you went over how lizards move. At least, I don?t have any notes on it.

M: Well, we talked in class about how modern reptiles like lizards run. I think I even copy the diagram the professor drew on the board. Here it is. Now, look at this. Lizards run with

what?s called as sprawling gait, their feet are well out on either side of their body and they move diagonally opposite feet together. The left fore foot with the right hind foot and the right fore foot with the left hind foot. They use this way of moving when they?re going slowly or quickly. When they move, they bend their bodies from side to side. And they time this bending so that they increase the length of their steps.

W: Okay. That makes sense. But I remember reading that, in general, animals evolves so that their feet are right under their bodies. But I don?t see why?

M: That?s because even the sprawling gaits suits lizards pretty well, there?s a major disadvantage to this arrangement. Reptiles can?t run and breathe at the same time. They stop briefly between short breaths of anywhere from 2 to 12 strides because when they move from side to side, the muscles of the left and right sides contract at different times. To breathe though, these muscles have to contract at the same time. Mammals don?t have this problem because they don?t move from side to side. Their feet are in the different position.

第二篇Insect Behavior

M: Let?s see we should probably start by reviewing the four stages the ants go to. You know when the developing from the eggs.

W: Yeah. Ah…. I wrote that down somewhere on my notes.

M: I got right here! Let?s see, they start off the egg, the ant lays the eggs after… I don?t remember exactly how long they turn...

W: Oh yeah, yeah here says it. The eggs are very tiny and they hatch in a few days and become larvae

M: And then they turn into pupae. That?s one not move at all and then they…

W: Oh! Oh! Oh! I remember something interesting about the pupae stage that?s before they are

full in mature and they can get captured by other ants and they become sort of slaves in other ants colony.

M: Yeah, Doctor Lucy even use the term slave mak er ants, they?ll be slave maker ants but go into other nests and steal the pupae. So when the pupae grow to adults they are like the slave of the other ants.

W: And these slaves, they actually do the work as the other ants would have to do themselves. M: Right!

W: But most of the slave maker ants they could do the work for themselves couldn?t they? M: I guess so, but then there are those Amazon ants. Amazon?

W: Um... The Amazon ants, oh, those were the slave maker ants that are actually depended on the ants they slaved. Now where we start again?

M: Let me see, here it is. The size of their mandible yeah, it was because they have these really long curvy mandibles.

W: Oh, yeah! Those are the jaws.

M: Right! And those mandibles are so big that the Amazon ants can?t even get their own food or dig nests for themselves. So they need the slaves to get the food and dig the nests for them. W: That makes sense! Now could we go back to the part on how they capture the slaves? We were talking before about how some slave maker ants go into other nest and bring back pupae to become slave. But they can also take over a whole colony, right?

M: Yeah. Yeah. The queen ant after she mates, she is carrying her own eggs and what she does is she goes into another colony of another specie. She takes over the colony and those other ants the slaves start working for her and then she lays her eggs.

W: But the colony she is there is already got its own queen, so…

M: Yeah, if she doesn?t cooperate, the slave maker ant will kill that queen and then when she has own eggs, they become adults and they become slave maker ants too.

W: And then they go out to rob other ants nest for pupae to bring back and then slave.

第三篇bird

You know, it?s kind of fashionable among stude nts of birds to study well and exhausted species, especially in danger ones like golden eagles or spotted owls. But I often think that everyday-birds, birds that really are part of our lives are simply overlooked, so I'd like to spend some time talking abo ut a very common bird “black crows.” It might surprise you to know that crows are among the most challenging birds to observe and study. First of all, they look alike. Picking out one or several individual crows in a flock in finding them again later is almost impossible, people study in larger animals can put some kind of mark on them, so they can tell them apart, well, you can trap large animal like a bear in a mobilized or a tranquilized gun, then it is easy to put a tag on it. But try doing that to a crow you probably kill it. Secondly, crows are highly intelligent survivors, they adapt easily to wildly varying situations. This adds to the difficulty of studying in them, because they pick up so many individual allies habits, so you can never be sure about any conclusion you reach about crows from observing them applies to the whole species or just those particular crows you being watching. One general observation about crows that can?t be made the reasonable degree of certainty is that in the last forty years, more and more crows have been found living in large cities. They are attracted by people who produce a normal surmount of garbage and leave them places that crows can easily get to, it make for distances they must travel to hunt a lot shorter.

第四篇spider

As you all know, Dr. Nelson's assignment was for each of us to find a little scientific puzzle

to research and solve. Well, mine was why don't spiders get stuck in their own webs--a pretty good question if you ask me. Someone even read a thesis on it I'm sure. There are actually several answers depending on the spider. Let's start with one common type of spider. These spiders usually stay in the middle of their webs and don't put any glue-like material there. But

they do leave a thin strand of sticky material on the outer part of the web. This material is made of compounds that draw water molecules out of the air. When it draws enough water, it does what water normally does. It forms little drops. The result is sticky little globs, little balls of glue-like material. When the spider steps into one of the little glob by accident as it sometimes does, it is as human beings step on a piece of chewing gum. It is just inconvenience. But when a fly flies into the spider's web, it hits about 50 of the globs in order to make stick tightly to the web. What's more, because the sticky material is in the glob instead of in the uniform coat, the spider uses less of it. By doing this, the spider saves energy and that means it has to catch fewer flies. It is not of economy really. The spiders do what is easiest for spiders.

第五篇animal behavior

We?ve all heard the proverb “Beauty is only skin-deep” meaning that the outward appearance is not a valuable way to judge a person?s worth. But researchers studying why animal s are attracted to each other had found that the opposite may be true for animals. For them a beautiful face and body are reasonably reliable indicators of underline quality and experiments had shown that many species appear to look for at least one classic characteristic of beauty mainly symmetry. Now according to this theory, a more selective partner in the pair usually the female seek the maximum possible balance between the left and right half of a potential mate?s body. For an example, certain female birds first check to see if the male?s left wing is the same length and shape of the right to get clues about the bird?s health and strength. Now what other evidence do we have of this kind of behavior? Well, in one experiment, researches put color bands on the legs of male finches. The female by far prefers males with same color on both legs over those that had a different color on each leg. Another experiment involving male elks indicate the importance of symmetry in the antlers. Asymmetric antlers of course often indicate that the male has lost a fight to another male and he is therefore not the strongest.

第六篇动物预测

Nature often sends signals indicating what is going to do. Some of these signals are pretty obvious others not so much. Smoke beginning to pour some out of volcano probably means that it will erupt some time soon. Less obvious and easily overlooked is the fur of the woolly worm. It's been claiming that it can make a long-range weather forecast based on the thickness of woolly worm's fur. The thicker the fur, the harsher the winter is predicted to be. The thinking of course is that the worms know what they have to prepare for in order to survive. However, I don't know of any research on this. I want to share with you something biologists have noticed in the last few years. Amphibians, especially frogs, have been disappearing in alarming numbers. In places where a couple years ago, there were populations, now there are none. Surely nature is urgently signaling something. But What? What makes this particularly worrisome is the fact that the phenomenon isn't restricted to any specific climate, altitude, country. That is no common link, no one element that scientists can point to and blame. It…ll be easy to say the global warming or loss of habitat due to the over population. But these don't begin to explain the scope of the problem. Amphibians evolved around 350 million years ago, which means they came long before the dinosaurs. They have endured

phenomenon change in the earth, all of which add to the mystery in concerns. Why was the population that such ancient older animals change so suddenly after that much time?

第七篇蜕变

Higher animals like dogs, horses even human being look like their parents when they are born.

There are some minor changes that occur as these animals grow. But the basic form and the structure stay the same. Now this is called direct development, which is quiet different from metamorphosis. When lower animals like ants, flies or sea urchins emerge from the eggs, they don?t look at all like their parents. Only after series of major changes do they take on the characteristic of their parents. Butterfly and moth provide the best example of what biologist call complete metamorphosis because they pass through 4 distinct stages of extreme changes. Here is the illustration of a butterfly at each of the four stages of complete metamorphosis. The first stage is the egg. Butterflies usually lay their eggs on plants and these plants provide food when they transform into larvae, the second stage. After about months in this stage, a butterfly larva spins the cocoon of silk around itself. A larva in the cocoon is also called pupa. So it?s known as the pupil stage. The pupil stage is the period of inactivity when larva structures evolve into adult structure. Depending on the species, the pupil stage can last anywhere from a few days to several months. When the pupa finally mature into the adult butterfly, it pushes its way out of its cocoon and cross onto a twig or tree land and pumps blood into the trunk and wing until they are full size and strong. Now some insects like grasshopper and roaches have only 3 stages—egg, larva and adult. When an animal skips the pupil stage, it?s called incomplete metamorphosis. It?s not only insects that undergo metamorphosis. Frogs and toads are the most well know example of other form-changing animal. Frogs lay their eggs in water and the eggs hatch into tadpole. A tadpole looks more like little fish because it has tail and no legs. But it gradually loses its tail and develops into a four-legged frog.

第八篇Animal cognition

P: All right, ah, Jenison and Clod have been assigned to lead part of our discussion today on animal cognition, are you both ready?

W: Well, Clod and I looked into tool making ability of wild animals, and we came across an article about how a scientist named Gavin Hunt has claimed to discover a breed of crows with superior tool making abilities. He claims that the tools these birds make are different from the tools that other animals make in several ways. For one thing, the crows make different types of tools for different situations. Also the tools are very sophisticated. For example, they design tools with hooks, which they used when they are looking for food. And third... Ah Clod, what was the third thing?

M: He claims that crows may actually intentionally modify their tools to a specific shape before using them. Other animals like sea otters do use stone to pound open the shell of crab and another prey. And chimpanzees have been observed have puzzle be modifying leaves to use as umbrellas. But these activities don?t meet all 3 criteria for planned tool ma king.

W: Yeah, and these crows even keep track of their tools when they change hunting sites. For

example, they generally take their tools with them and when they eat they usually hold onto the tool with their feet.

P: Interesting! And what?s the significance of Hunt?s study?

M: Well, some scientists argued that the crows may have been born with this behavior. But if Hunt can prove that they really do intentionally modify their tools, their behavior will be measurably different from that of other animals and could be considered cognitive.

W: Right! No other wild animal has the ability to design, make and standardize tools. This ability was thought to be unique to human.

第九篇Animal communication

For the next couple of weeks we?ll be focusing on ho w animals communicate with each other. Up to now, we?ve had a rather narrow view of vocal warnings that animals give each other. Some recent research indicates that this communication is a lot more complex than we?ve traditionally thought. Let me give you an example. Take prairie dogs. Of course, they?re not really dogs at all, but wild rodents who live on the plains in the western part of United States. In case you can?t visualize them, let me describe them to you. They?re about as big as squirrels, but without the bushy tail. And unlike squirrels, they live in holes in the ground, and they spend a lot of time just outside their holes, because they have a lot of enemies: hawks, coyotes, humans, you name it. When they spot a potential threat, they bark to warn their neighbor and then escape down into their holes. “Big deal, “you say; well, it turns out, they can differentiate among predators. Researchers discovered that the bark differs for different predators; coyote warnings are different from people warnings, for instance. But it goes deeper than that; there?s actually evidence that the barks differentiate between individual predators of the same species. The researchers found, for example, that the prairie dogs had a different bark for each member of the research team.

第十篇The role UV light plays in birds' lives

As we?ve discussed, the human eye has three different types of color receptors that respond to three basic colors---red, green and blue or other colors are seem to combinations of these different types of the receptors. Birds, however, have receptors for these three basic colors and for ultraviolet or UV light. Thus they have much greater color range. What?s really interesting though is the role that UV light plays in a bird?s life. Scientists have discovered that the bird?s eye is extremely sensitive to ultraviolet light. In one experiment robins were able to distinguish between two objects: one completely unlit and one lit by very dim ultraviolet light. Even with the very dim UV light the object was radially apparent to the robins. In another experiment female birds were exposed to two male birds. One was behind the filter transparent UV light and one was behind the filter that blocked UV light. The female birds preferred the male bird behind the transparent filter. Those birds? feathers may have appeared colorful. Hunting birds use UV light to track down small animals. This is possible because small animals use urine to mark the trails and urine observed UV light. The hunting birds can use the UV light to follow the trail to their prey.

第十一篇海洋生物

OK, class. As I mentioned at the beginning of this semester, we'll be taking a field trip to the local marina. And that field trip will take place next week. Before we go, there are few things that I'd like to point out to you. Particularly I'd like to talk about barnacles. As we have discussed, a barnacles is a shellfish, usually small, less than an inch length. It is related to the lobsters, shrimp and crab. However, unlike those other shellfish, barnacles are considered silent organisms. That is they are potentially damaging nuisances. You know because they attach themselves to wood piers, rocks and ship bottoms, as we'll see next week at the marina. And they even attach themselves to other living creatures such as turtles and whales. Now barnacle uses a very powerful cement, it?s a self-made cement to attach themselves. In fact it is one of the most powerful glues known. Paleontologists even discovered fossils from 150 million years ago that have the barnacle still attached. So as you can see it is very, very powerful and long lasting cement. Scientists today are even trying to duplicate that powerful adhesive. Only a few countries use barnacles for food. People in Chile Greece Spain and Italy harvest and eat the clam like goose barnacle. However there is one type of barnacle found here in the United States on west coast. It reaches weight of 3 pounds and actually grows up to 5 inches tall. It tastes a lot like lobsters or crab.

第十二篇origin of bird

Birds are sometimes referred to as glorified reptiles. And even though modern birds are structurally very different from reptile, some show minor evidence of their ancestry, like scales on their feet or claws on their toes. However flying reptile disappeared more than 70 million years ago, but birds have obviously managed to survive. You remember that biological success of any group of organism is measured by the number of species and individuals in the group. There are distributions around the world and of course their ability to adapt to all kinds of environmental conditions. On the basis of these criteria birds are considered one of the most successful vertebrate in modern times. Their success means they were probably not only better adapted than reptile for flying but also for life on land and on water.But when did the glorification begin and how fast did the changes occur? It was seen logical to assume that at some time millions of years ago transitional stages between reptiles and birds existed. And in fact one of the most important clues came with the discovery of the fossils called Archaeopteryx which literally means ancient bird. The Archaeopteryx dates back 150 million years to the Jurassic period. Fortunately the fossils not only included the skeleton but also impressions of the feathers of the wings and the double rare tail feathers. If it were not for these feathers, scientist would have classified it as a reptile because it has many characteristics more like a lizard than a bird. Archaeopteryx is not, however, considered as the ancestor of modern birds. But it probably was deprived from ancestral form that also gave rise to modern birds. Up until the mid 1980s the Archaeopteryx was considered the most ancient of all birds. Then in 1986, a fossil was discovered called Portraits that show a mixture of dinosaur and bird-like characteristics. But it lived 225 million years ago, about 75 million years before the Archaeopteryx. So clearly the final work is not yet in on the origin of birds.

第十三篇Predators of human

I like to start today?s lecture by challenging some of the myths about certain animals considered to be predators of human. Take the case of wolf. People fear wolf because the

tales of how wolves attack and eat people walking into the woods. In fact, if you encountered the wolves in the wild, it will probably run away. Another animal wrongly accuse to harming people is the giant octopus. Stories have been told about the terrifying giant octopus attacking and eating an entire ship. But unless you are the crab or some such, you don't have much to fear for a giant octopus even the hungry one. One myth probably get by such stories concerns the size of octopus, biology report that on average it has an arm standard on 2 and half meters--large certainly, but hardly a ship eating size. Far from being an attacker. The giant octopuses have a number of talents that make it especially adapted escaping. It has no skeletal structure, so despite its large size it can squeeze to a hole as small as 5 centimeters wide and if it?s caught, for example, in the mouth of the shark. It can pull away leaving one or more its arms. They will grow back or it has been pursued or it squirts black ink which some scientists believe that takes on the form of another oct opus and thus confuse the predator. And if that?s not enough the giant octopus have the chameleon like ability to change the skin color to match its surrounding.

第十四篇Animal Behavior

As a way of illustrating our discussion of group behavior of animals, we are going to watch which I think is a fascinating video tape about eland, one of the 2 major species of antelope in Africa. They live in herds about 200 individuals. But first, let's go over some of the general advantages animals get from group association. Probably the most important advantage is defense against predators. Simply being in a large group decreases the chances that any individuals will be the victim of the predator. Cooperated defense further increases the chances of survivor for individuals and species. You'll see in the video that when the herds are attacked by the hyenas the elands deliberately drive their young into the center of tightly patched group, the center being safer than the periphery. The herd act in a way that increases the chances of survival of the offspring. Cooperate defense may even take the form of offence. Many spices of small birds will join together in groups to attack predators like owls and hawks. Another advantage to live in the groups is commonsense notion that many eyes are better than a single pair. It has been demonstrated that large herds detect predators at greater distance than do individuals. Of course there is a down side to live in groups also. But let's watch the video before we get into that.

第十五篇寄生菌

Let's look at another way that helath agencies fighting parasitic diseases. One alternative to drugs and pesticides is the use of biotical agency. In other words, if the parasite is causing problems, you find something that eats the parasite itself or something that eat the parasite normal host, then you turn that something lose in the parasite's habitat. For example, consider the SCHISTOSOMIASIS. Schistosomiasis is the infection with the parasite worm called SCHISTOSOME. Normally the host for the schistosomiasis is a kind of fresh water snail. But in the African country Kenya the worm frequently infects humans who are exposed to water from ponds where the snail lives. The contact commonly occurs when people get their cattle water or wash their clothes in ponds. In fact in about 2 million Kenyans mostly children are infected. Once inside the human host, the worm lays eggs and these can result in internal bleeding, fever, fatigue and sometimes death. The snails are still necessary as hosts though

because schistosome eggs can only hatch inside snail. Now if you are already infected, you can take a drug to kill the worms. But the drug is expensive and it's easy to get re-infected when you go back to the ponds. Instead researchers are trying to eliminate the worm's normal host the snail by introducing Louisiana crayfish into the ponds where the worms and snails live. Now as you can see a crayfish looks like miniature lobsters and it loves to eat snails. Snail shells are rich in calcium which crayfish need for their own shell. And crayfish are already abundant in their nature Kenya rivers, they are imported there in early 1970s and they are easy to find. So crayfish could end up being a cheap and affective way to reduce receive schistosomiasis. If they do though, it would be the first time that a biological agent has been successfully used to control a parasite.

第一篇（实验介绍）

Before we start our first lab, I'd like to tell you a little bit about the workbook we'll be using.

The first thing I'd like to point out is that the workbook contains a very large amount of material --- far more than you could ever handle in a single semester. What you're supposed to do is choose the experiments and activities that you want to do --- within a certain framework, of course. Part of my job is to help you make your choices.

Next, I'd like to mention that in each workbook chapter, there are usually two subsections. The

first is called "Experiments" and the second is called "Activities."

In the "Experiments" section, the workbook gives full instructions for all the experiments, including alternate procedures. Choose the procedure you wish ---- there's plenty of equipment

available.

In the "Activities" section, you will find suggestions for projects that you can do on your own time. You'll see that there are usually no detailed instructions for the activities --- you're supposed to do them your own way.

If there are no questions, let's turn to Chapter One now.

第二篇（Pest）

Word comes from California of a new weapon in the war on household pests. Two scientists working for a firm in Anaheim, California, have developed a method to eliminate insects without using dangerous chemicals. The new poison? Hot air.

The basic idea is that insects cannot adjust to temperatures much above normal. In laboratory experiments, cockroaches and termites can't survive much more than a quarter of an hour at 125 degrees Fahrenheit, or about 50 degrees centigrade.

托福听力场景学科分类词汇大全

新托福IBT听力场景词汇 对话场景 选课 学科 major 主修minor 副修 science理科, arts文科, engineering 工科 Mathematics 数学 physics 物理 chemistry 化学 biology 生物学 geography 地理学 electronics 电子学 computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学 electronics engineering 电子工程学 botany 植物学 psychology 心理学 zoology 动物学 architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学 ecology 生态学 medical science 医学archaeology 考古学 history 历史学 linguistics 语言学 pedagogies 教育学，教学法anthropology 人类学 economics 经济学 statistics 统计学 accounting 会计学 philosophy 哲学 类型 required、compulsory course 必修课 selective/optional course选修课elective course 选修课 lecture 讲座 seminar 高级研讨性课colloquium n.报告课

tutorial 个人辅导课程 workshop 专题课程 级别 Introductory 入门级elementary, fundamental 初级Intermediate, secondary 中级Advanced 高级 Prerequisite 先修课程 上课： Attend class 上课 Miss class 缺课 Skip class逃课 Syllabus 教学大纲 Required textbook 要求的课本Attendance 出勤 Grading system 打分体系 Class participation 课堂参与 杂 semester/term 学期quarter小学期 course guideline 课程纲要major 主修 minor 副修 exemption 免修 syllabus 教学大纲 Professor’s sig nature 教授的签字（用于注册课程） Course cap课程容量（可以招收的学生数）, openings （可供注册的名额）Take选（课）, drop 退（课）Late registration晚注册Deregistration 注销 教师称号 professor 教授 lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者，顾问president 大学校长 teacher/faculty 教师 student's advisor 学生顾问physicist 物理学家

托福听力功能题及态度题

托福听力功能题及态度题 功能题 在新托福听力中, function功能题占大约15%的比重。那么考生要学会识别function 功能题并把握其解题技巧。 首先我们看看功能题的典型提问方式： What is the purpose of the lecture? What does the professor imply when she says this? Why does the professor say this? What can be inferred from the student’s response? 其次我们学习下功能题的解题技巧 解答这类题目，考生需要注意重听的某句话在重听的小层次中所起到的作用。单独看这句话，可能考生无法判定它的功能。那么放在语境中，考生才能更好地把握其功能。 而在托福听力中常见的功能的分类有解释，总结，建议，鼓励，强调，纠正错误等。此外考生可以根据这些常见的功能分类，分析可能出现的考点，利用听力过程中的笔记把握重点内容。在记笔记的过程中注意把握语气、语调的升降。这些都是功能题常出现的考点。有重点地把握这些能够更好地把握功能题，并提升功能题的正确率。 态度题 在P类问题(Pragmatic Understanding Questions)中，态度题所占的比重相对较少。但是不可忽视其重要性。下面我们来看看托福听力中态度题的一些情况。 态度题的典型提问方式： What is the professor’s opinion of …? What can be inferred about the student when he says this?

托福听力分类词汇汇总

托福听力分类词汇汇总

植物学 botany植物学botanical / botanic植物学的horticulture 园艺学aquatic plant 水生植物parasite plant 寄生植物root 根canopy树冠层/顶棚foliage / leaf 叶 leaflet 小叶rosette（叶的）丛生 stem 茎stalk 杆leafstalk叶柄shoot / sprout 嫩芽/抽枝 flower花bud 花蕾petal花 瓣peel / skin 果皮 shell（硬）果 壳 husk（干）果 壳/（玉米苞叶 trunk树干 bark树皮 branch树枝 bough大或者 粗的树枝 twig小树枝 jungle丛林 lawn草 meadow草地/ 牧场prairie大 草原mosses苔 藓shrub / bush灌木 cluster一簇 （灌木） fern蕨类植物 horsetails木 贼类植物 club mosses石 松类植物herb 草 photosynthesi s光合作用 chlorophyll 叶绿素 symbiosis共 生 symbiotic 共生 的 wither / shrivel / fade 凋谢blossom 花pollen花粉

pollinate传授花粉petal花瓣nectar花蜜tissue 组织organ器官system 系统seeds种子everlasting永久的crossbreed杂交 root pressure 根压 bore腔/肠cohesion-tensi on凝聚压力column花柱necrosis坏死barren 贫瘠的；不生育的futile无用的carbohydrate (starch)碳水 化合物（淀粉） glucose葡萄 糖starch淀粉 fat 脂肪 protein蛋白 质 vitamin 维他 命 malnourished 营养不良的 nutrition 营养 perennial 多年 一生的 annual一年一 生的 verdant 嫩绿 的，翠绿的 evergreen常 青树 conifer tree针 叶树 larch 落叶松 pine松树 spruce云杉 juniper 刺 柏；杜松 sequoia红杉 elm榆树 walnut核桃树 redwood红木 树 plum blossom 梅花 orchid兰花 chrysanthemu m 菊花 water lily荷花 /莲花 rhododendron 杜鹃花 carnation康 乃馨 jasmine茉莉

托福听力场景词汇 新2

CONVERSATION 1.课程相关事务场景 intro / basic course introductory intermediate (level) course higher course sign up for … register get enrolled in ?Discussion讨论n, presentation个人陈述n, topic话题，主题n, lecture演讲（n.）good choice好的选择, slide幻灯片n, library图书馆n, collection收集n, check支票n, librarian 图书馆管理员n Report报告n, office hour 教授答疑 ?时间, submit 上交v, on disk在磁盘上, hard copy硬皮书, soft copy软皮书, computer电脑n, print打印v, computer lab电脑实验室 ?Project工程，计划n, tons of很多（a ton of ,tons of), cover 覆盖, re-write重写v, research data研究数据, information 信息n, input投入n,输入v, presentation个人陈述n, complete完整的adj, 完成vt semester seminar

?Term paper学期报告, grade分数，成绩n, complicated复杂的adj, terrible mistake严重的（糟糕的）错误, edited version编辑过的版本, submit上交n, overtired过度劳累adj, stressed有压力的adj, rushing（急急忙忙的）against the clock争分夺秒, mark标记，分数n, draft起草vt，草图n, print打印vt（printer打印机n）, final paper期末论文, maintaining average保持平均水平, application申请n, drop 扔掉, re-take重上, due到期的adj, extension延期n, discuss 讨论vt, check back查阅记录, re-reading评价, submission 上交n ?Information信息n, exam schedule考试规划表, term术语，学期n, date日期, book预定vt，书n, ?apartment公寓department部门，院系; appointment 预约?departure离开depart 离开, invigilator监考人n, ?sign up for a course选择选修课程 ?（required必须的/compulsory 被强制的course必修课）（selective/elective/optional course选修课）（register注册）, sheet纸张=paper（a sheet of 张，表量词）, ?bulletin board公告栏, faculty lounge教师休息室, square正方形，广场n, draft起草，草图, dean系主任=department chair(person), review评估, draw up起草=draft=first version, ?Manual手工（manufacture制造)，consult咨询, register 注册 Physiology 生理学100, sophomore大学二年级生, second year course第二年课程, first year student新生, transfer转变, begin my first lecture开始我的第一堂课, introduce介绍，引进, complete完整的，完成, approach方法n，接近vt, laws of physics and chemistry法律的物理和化学, process of life生命的过程, vital force机体，生命力, philosophical approach哲

老托精选93篇 听力原文.pdf

老托Part C精选93篇 1 Community service is an important component of education here at our university. We encourage all students to volunteer for at least one community activity before they graduate. A new community program called "One On One" helps elementary students who've fallen behind. You education majors might be especially interested in it because it offers the opportunity to do some teaching—that is, tutoring in math and English. You'd have to volunteer two hours a week for one semester. You can choose to help a child with math, English, or both. Half-hour lessons are fine, so you could do a half hour of each subject two days a week. Professor Dodge will act as a mentor to the tutors—he'll be available to help you with lesson plans or to offer suggestions for activities. He has office hours every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon. You can sign up for the program with him and begin the tutoring next week. I'm sure you'll enjoy this community service and you'll gain valuable experience at the same time. It looks good on your resume, too, showing that you've had experience with children and that you care about your community. If you'd like to sign up, or if you have any questions, stop by Professor Dodge's office this week. 【生词摘录】 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/a117137212.html,ponent: n.［C］one of several parts that together make up a whole machine or system （机器或系统的）零件；成分；组成部分 2.tutor: n.［C］someone who teaches one pupil or a small group, and is directly paid by them 家庭教师，私人教师 v. to teach someone as a tutor 给… 当家庭教师；指导 3.mentor: n.［C］an experienced person who advises and helps a less experienced person 顾问，指导人，教练

托福听力词汇完整版

托福听力词汇完整版

lecture 讲座 seminar 高级研讨性课 colloquium n.报告课 tutorial 个人辅导课程 workshop 专题课程 级别 Introductory 入门级 elementary, fundamental 初级Intermediate, secondary 中级Advanced 高级 Prerequisite 先修课程 上课： Attend class 上课 Miss class 缺课 Skip class逃课 Syllabus 教学大纲 Required textbook 要求的课本Attendance 出勤 Grading system 打分体系 Class participation 课堂参与 杂 semester/term 学期quarter小学期course guideline 课程纲要 major 主修 minor 副修 exemption 免修 syllabus 教学大纲 Professor’s signature 教授的签字（用于注册课程） Course cap课程容量（可以招收的学生数）, openings （可供注册的名额） Take选（课）, drop 退（课） Late registration晚注册Deregistration 注销 教师称号 professor 教授 lecturer = instructor 讲师 teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者，顾问president 大学校长 teacher/faculty 教师student's advisor 学生顾问 physicist 物理学家 mathematician 数学家 chemist 化学家 historian 历史学家 statistician 统计学家 作业： assignment 作业 homework = coursework = schoolwork = studies 作业 lab report 实验报告 book report 读书报告 project 作业 presentation 发言 term paper 学期论文（research paper） thesis/essay/dissertation 论文 journal 学术期刊 social investigation 社会调查 survey 调查 questionnaire n.调查表, 问卷observation n.观察 interview vt.n.采访 collect data 收集数据 broad (论文等)内容宽泛 narrow down (论文等)缩小范围source （写论文的）参考资料critical thinking 评判性思维 lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法deadline n.最终期限 extension 延期 due date/time期限 outline n.大纲, 提纲(roadmap) bibliography n书目, 参考书目reference 参考 plagiarism n. 抄袭 revise v. 修改 rewrite v. 重写 final draft 完成稿 speech n.演讲 presentation 演讲，陈述 eye contact 目光接触 intonation 音调

老托福听力93篇(87-88)-These days we take

老托福听力93篇(87-88)-These days we take 87 These days we take for granted the wide variety of music available on the radio. But, this wasn't always the case. In the early days of radio, stations were capable of broadcasting only a narrow range of sounds, which was all right for the human voice but music didn't sound very good. There was also a great deal of crackling and other static noises that further interfered with the quality of the sound. A man named Edwin Armstrong, who was a music lover, set out to change this. He invented FM radio, a technology that allowed stations to send a broad range of frequencies that greatly improved the quality of the music. Now, you'd think that this would have made him a millionaire; it didn't. Radio stations at that time had invested enormous amounts of money in the old technology. So the last thing they wanted was to invest millions more in the new technology. Nor did they want to have to compete with other radio stations that had a superior sound and could put them out of business. So they pressured the Federal Communications Commission, the department of the United States government that regulates radio stations, to put restrictive regulations on FM radio. The result was that its use was limited to a very small area around New England. Of course as we all know, Edwin Armstrong's FM technology eventually prevailed and was adopted by thousands of stations around the world. But this took years of court battles and he never saw how it came to affect the lives of almost everyone. 【生词摘录】 1. crackling: n. [C]爆裂声 2. static: adj. 静电的 3. FM: 调频(frequency modulation) 4. frequency: n. [C]频率 5. millionaire: n. [C]百万富翁，大富豪 6. restrictive: adj. 限制性的 7. regulation: n. 规则，规章 8. prevail: v. 流行，盛行，获胜，成功 9. adopt: v. 采用 88 I'm going to talk about a train that exemplifies the rise and fall of passenger trains in the United States: the Twentieth Century Limited. Let me go back just a bit. In 1893, a special train was established to take people from New York to an exposition in Chicago. It was so successful that regular service was then set up between these cities. The inaugural trip of the Twentieth Century Limited was made in 1902. The train was different from what anyone had ever seen before. It was pulled by a steam engine and had five cars: two sleepers, a dining car, an observation car, and a baggage car, which, believe it or not, contained a library. The 42 passengers the train could carry were waited on by a large staff. There were even secretaries and a barber on board. It wasn't long before people had to wait two years to get a reservation. As time passed, technical improvements shortened the trip by a few hours. Perhaps the biggest technological change occurred in 1945, the switch from steam to diesel engines. By the 1960's, people were traveling by car and airplane. Unfortunately, the great old train didn't survive until the end of the century it was named for. 【生词摘录】

托福听力分类词汇大全

part 1. 天文类 1 astronomy 天文 astronomy 天文学 astronomical 天文的astronomical observatory 天文台astronomer 天文学家astrophysics 天文物理学astrology 占星学pseudoscience 伪科学 cosmos(universe) 宇宙cosmology 宇宙学 infinite 无限的 cosmic 宇宙的 cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射cosmic rays 宇宙射线 celestial 天的 celestial body (heavenly body) 天体celestial map (sky atlas) 天体图celestial sphere 天球 dwarf (dwarf star) 矮星 quasar 类星体，类星射电源constellation 星座 galaxy (Milky Way) 新河系 cluster 星团 solar system 太阳系 solar corona 日冕 solar eclipse 日食 solar radiation 太阳辐射 planet 行星 planetoid (asteroid) 小行星revolve 旋转，绕转twinkle 闪烁 naked eye 肉眼 Mercury 水星 Venus 金星 Earth 地球 Mars 火星 Jupiter 木星 Saturn 土星 Uranus 天王星 Neptune 海王星 Pluto 冥王星 orbit 轨道 spin 旋转 satellite 卫星 lunar 月球的 meteor 流星 meteor shower 流星雨meteoroid 流星体 meteorite 陨石

托福听力词汇分类

新托福IBT听力场景 入学： enrollment/register 登记,注册opening ceremony n开业典礼,仪式comme nceme nt ceremony 毕业典礼con vocation n正式会议（可指简单的毕业典礼）orie ntatio n meet ing 开学说明会staff n.全体职员 freshman （大学）一年级学生 sophomore （大学）二年级学生junior （大学）三年级学生senior （大学）四年级学生 tuition fee 费用 placeme nt test 开学测试 excellent出色的 average平均的，一般的below average低于平均水平的，差的结构及称谓： uni versity- preside nt 大学，校长 cha ncellor名誉校长 college 学院 scie nee/ arts school 理科/ 文科学院 un dergraduate 本科 postgraduate /graduate研究生 建筑物buildings: can tee n餐厅/cafeteria .自助餐厅 dining hall 食堂 adm ini strati on build ing 行政大楼wing/annex 配楼teach ing buildi ng 教学楼dormitory n.宿舍auditorium n.会堂,礼堂=lecture hall assembly n 集合 computer lab计算实验室，机房 选课 学科 major主修mi nor畐寸修 scie nee 理科,arts 文科,engin eeri ng 工科Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学（micro-微marin-海洋）geography地理学electr onics 电子学 computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistic 语言

老托福听力Part C 93篇-5 生词摘录

老托福听力Part C 93篇-5 [生词摘录] 1. videotape: V. to record a television programme, film etc. on a videotape 2. vacuum: n. [C] a space that is completely empty of all gas, especially one from which all the air has been taken away 3. shade: n. [U] slight darkness or shelter from the direct light of the sun made by something blocking it 4. toasty: adj. [AmE] (informal) warm and comfortable 5. Fahrenheit: n. [U] a scale of temperature in which water freezes at 32°and boils at 212° 6. marvel: n. [C] something or someone surprisingly useful or skillful, that you like and admire very much 7. enlargement: n. [C] a photograph that has been printed again in a larger size 8. life-size(life-sized): adj. a picture or model of something or someone that is life-size is the same size as they are in real life 9. shuttle: n. [C] a spacecraft that can fly into space and return to Earth, and can be used more than once 10. mission: n. [C] an important job done by a member of the airforce, army etc, especially an attack on the enemy 11.torso: n. [C] your body, not including your head, arms, or legs 12. durable: adj. staying in good condition for a long time even

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托福听力五大解题技巧 1、主旨题 一个段子的主旨往往出现在文章引言和开头处，而重复的最多往往一定是主旨!在听课堂演讲等学术性题目时，一定要首先把握文章最核心的主旨，主旨考题选项中过于细节的往往是错误选项; 2、功能/目的题 该题型类似于主旨题，对于任何一个长段子，首先务必要把握的是文章的主旨和结构，只有主旨确定了，才有可能去理解细节，做推断。 3、细节题 主旨题和细节题主要是考察考生对于基本信息的理解能力(basic comprehension)，除此之外ETS所要考察考生的另外两种能力分别是对于语用信息的理解(pragmatic understanding)和整合信息、对全文结构把握的能力(connecting information)。而基本信息的理解就占到50%的比重，可见主旨题和细节题的重要性。 对于细节题，大家不要走入误区，觉得所有的细节100%会考到，所以去关注每一个小的细节点，以至于舍本逐末，只见树木，不见森林。对于细节题，大家要把握两个原则：第一、ETS只会考察我们和主旨有关的重要细节。过于偏细节的实在没有听到，大可不必惋惜，影响后面的发挥;第二，牢牢把握住往往和考点向联系的重要信号词。比如说表示因果的accordingly, thus等词对应于细节题中常考察的因果题。而常见的和信号词相关的考点有逻辑时间顺序、举例、列举、相似或者对比、转折、强调、因果、总结、定义、建议、数字等。 4、态度/ 推断 对话中的态度题要注意通过语气、语调、重读来推测;而由于演讲中的内容相对学术和客观，所以演讲中的态度题要注意通过形容词和副词的褒贬色彩来确定说话者的主观意图。

(完整word)新托福听力场景汇总之LECTURE篇(修正),推荐文档

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老托福听力93篇(45-46)-So, why did what is now

老托福听力93篇(45-46)-So, why did what is now 45 So, why did what is now called "modern dance" begin in the United States? To begin to answer this question, I'll need to backtrack a little bit and talk about classical ballet. By the late 1800's, ballet had lost a lot of its popularity. Most of the ballet dancers who performed in the United States were brought over from Europe. They performed using the rigid techniques that had been passed down through the centuries. Audiences and dancers in the United States were eager for their own, "contemporary" dance form. And, so, around 1900, dancers created one. So, how was this "modern" dance so different from classical ballet? Well, most notably, it wasn't carefully choreographed. Instead, the dance depended on the improvisation and free, personal expression of the dancers. Music and scenery were of little importance to the "modern" dance, and lightness of movement wasn't important either. In fact, modern dancers made no attempt at all to conceal the effort involved in a dance step. But even if improvisation appealed to audiences, many dance critics were less than enthusiastic about the performances. They questioned the artistic integrity of dancers who were not professionally trained and the artistic value of works that had no formal structure. Loie Fuller, after performing Fire Dance, was described as doing little more than turning "round and round like an eggbeater." Yet, the free, personal expression of the pioneer dancers is the basis of the "controlled freedom" of modern dance today. 【生词摘录】 1. backtrack: v. (由原路)返回，后退 2. ballet: n. [C]芭蕾舞 3. rigid: adj. 严格的 4. contemporary: adj. 当代的 5. choreograph: v. 设计舞蹈动作，精心编排 6. improvisation: n. 即席创作 7. scenery: n. 舞台布景 8. lightness: n. 轻盈，灵活 9. conceal: v. 隐藏 10. eggbeater: n. [C]打蛋器 11. pioneer: adj. 先驱，创始人 12. controlled freedom: 克制的自由 46 Today I want to discuss fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. The term "fossil fuel" refers to the trapped remains of plants and animals in sedimentary rock. You see, living plants trap energy from the sun by the process of photosynthesis, and they store the energy in their chemical compounds. Most of that energy is released when the plant dies and decays. However, sometimes organic matter is buried before it decays completely. In this way some of the solar energy becomes trapped in rocks, hence the name fossil fuel. Although the amount of organic matter trapped in any one growing season is small, the accumulated remains from millions of years are considerable. Because the accumulation rate is so slow, millions of times slower than the rate at which we now dig up this organic matter and