关于英语专八的一点考经
关于英语专八的一点考经（听力、改错、作文、翻译）
首先声明一下，这些所谓的考经基本上都是自己在很短的复习时间内收集和总结出来的，不是什么高端货，但应该还算蛮适合英语成绩中等的学生的。我的专八成绩是79分，貌似有点可惜，但其实我已经很知足了，因为英语一直都是我的弱项，而且大学四年也没好好学过，作为上外新闻系的学生，到毕业的时候也没有养成阅读NYT之类外刊的习惯。不过本人的长处是考试的技巧比较好，善于投机取巧和临场装逼。虽然不是什么考试都可以靠考前突击拿到高分的，但只要求及格的话，还是可以通过技巧的学习来“开外挂”的。当然，投机取巧也是踏踏实实的投机取巧。比如在复习人文常识的时候，我选了一本参考书，没有去买什么语言学的名著，没有去查阅wikipedia，花了一个礼拜，在医院和家里（老爸生病）把那本书的讲解部分断断续续背出来了，就这么去考试，发现十道单选都在自己的复习范围之内。我绝不敢说，我对语言学、欧美文学、英语国家常识都有深刻了解，甚至连皮毛都不会，但这次考试的分数我拿到了。如果我的经历能够引起你的小小的共鸣，我想这些考经就是无用的了，你完全可以根据自己的经验总结出最好的、最适合自己的版本。
英语专业八级听力应试技巧
Mini Lecture
·享受过程，集中精力
最好的心态莫过于享受这个过程。在平时的训练中就不断挑战自己集中注意力的极限，培养抗干扰能力和调整能力。
·听记为主，笔记为辅
争取做到一心两用，做笔记的时候耳朵不能休息；对于那些大量罗列又细枝末节的信息，记个首字母甚至不留笔记都可以，关键是听清楚，记在心里。
·听懂句子，抓住实词
做这个部分的听力时要以句子为单位去听，在笔记中体现出来的应该是实词，即传达句子中心意思的名词、动词、形容词。
·紧跟提示词，笔记有条理
一般来说材料都会比较有条理，因此做笔记的时候宜采用非线性的框架化笔记，体现出明显的层次结构，有利于回忆和答题。这就要求我们对一些带有提示性的语料特别敏感，主要包括以下几类：1.解释性、态度性插入语；2.祈使句；3.疑问句；4.逻辑关联词。
·高度重视首尾部分
这两个部分出题的概率应该在90%以上了吧，通过记下开头部分的主题句拿分是最容易的，而结尾部分的句子也是常考的地方，因为注意力分散导致没有听到是很可惜的。
·填写要细心
很多人都会因为大小写、单复数、时态错误之类低级错误的丢分，因此一定要谨慎。
Conversation & News Report
·预先读题，拎出考点
这个当然地球人都知道了，但是还是需要强调一下读题的策略和效率问题。如果时间充裕，可以把这个题目读完，反之则迅速浏览题干，暂时抛开选项。我个人的习惯是听到题目的introduction部分时如果没有读完所有题目，那么剩下的部分着重看题干就行了。读题的好处在于将被动的“听”转变为主动的“听”，为了使这个过程更主动，读题的时候就要拎出考点，建议用铅笔勾画或者标注一下。常见考点：1.观点、态度；2.目的、起因、过程、结果、影响；3.优点和缺点；4.身份、职业。
·对话听力和新闻听力的区别
前者重点考察整体理解，后者重点考察信息收集。在做对话听力的时候，我们可以保持一定的距离感，以句子为单位，冷静地去听其内在的意思，这样一来，即使面对一些需要“二次加工”的题目（加减乘除、同意转化等），也会从容很多。新闻听力的时间较短，但是我们最好亢奋一点，扣住时间、地点、数字等细节去听。另外，根据新闻的倒金字塔原则，大家会发现听懂新闻的导语是多么重要，经常能够直接拿分。
·细心始终很重要
做了这么多年的英语题，我不知道在“NOT/EXCEPT”上面载了多少跟头……可能还有一些更隐蔽的陷阱在等着你，总之，小心为妙，安全第一。
英语专八改错解题思路
1. 1. 宏观层面分析
（1）句子结构（理顺整个句子的结构，必要时检索上下文）
（2）逻辑关系（关联词选择：并列、递进、因果、转折、假设、让步等）
（3）时态和语态（完成时和虚拟语气是考查重点）
1. 2. 微观层面分析
（1）缺漏（介词、代词、引导词）
（2）冗余（两个主语、同义重复）
（3）误用（词性、分词、正反义、主被动、形容词和副词级别）
（4）一致性（名词单复数、主谓一致、先行词）
（5）词义与固定搭配
1. 3. 注意事项
（1）即使按照语感很快找到了疑似错误，也要坚持读完全句再做判断，可能会有新的发现。过于相信第一感觉而带来的失分是划不来的。
（2）分两次改比较合理，因为毕竟只有少数人能够在第一遍看材料的时候就找出所有的错误，尽管这些错误不见得隐藏得多深。
（3）常考题型，高度警惕。
1.冠词：the变a, a变the，补the补a，删a删the，每年都玩的把戏。
2.单复数：无非是his变their之类的，关键是细心。
3.近义词：例如distinct和distinctive，move和movement，interest和interests…
4.反义词：尤其看到dis, un, im，in，non之类的，更要琢磨一下。
5.关联词：几乎是保留节目，and, but, however, though, moreover, therefore…
6.非谓语动词：见了ing想ed，见了ed想ing, 就是这么贱。
7.形容词比较级：多半是把原形改为比较级。考的频率也蛮高的。
8.虚拟语气：注意一下还是比较容易看出来的，多长个心眼儿吧。
9.It：有时要加，有时要删，有时要变itself，总之多盯“它”几眼。
10.动词词组：其实主要是介词的问题，这个没办法临时抱佛脚，要靠积累。
英语专八作文备考材料
一．结构
（共25句，长短句结合，平均长度控制在15-20字；注意内部衔接）
二．特殊句型
·强调句
·非谓语动词、独立主格
·倒装句
·介词短语
三．通用句式
·开头
In recent years, we have witnessed a favorable/an unfavorable social phenomenon that…
With the approaching of…
Faced with the question whether…
This question evoked various responses from experts, as well as the general public.
…has aroused public concern and arguments among people.
…which is applicable to every aspect of our life.
…presents a situation that is probably easy for many people to relate to: …
·转折
But the view that…is ridiculous.
Others think otherwise.
Thoug h…there are some aspects to improve.
It only tells half of the truth. The whole story is that…
·引入
There are three possible reasons to account for this phenomenon.
Many factors contribute to this issue.
Opinions on this problem vary from person to person.
·分类
First of all / Further more
To begin with / What’s more / In the third place
On the one hand / On the other hand
First and foremost / In the second place / Last but not least
·议论
It’s beneficial to the individuals and the country as whole.
…is none of other people’s business.
In my opinion / in my regard / As far as I’m concerned,
A is to
B what
C is to D. / …, just as…
The golden rule for…
We gives due weight to…, but we ignore the fact that…/fail to realize that…Many people are under the illusion that…
Just as the saying goes, “…”
Take…for example,
As a consequence,
In this sense / In terms of / When it comes to / With regard to…
A far outweighs B.
…should be directed in the right direction, otherwise…
·总结
To sum up, / Generally speaking, / All in all,
Take all these factors into consideration, we may reasonably draw a conclusion that…
Weighing the pros and the cons of such a new trend, we can naturally arrive at a conclusion that…
From what have been discussed, we can safely arrive at the conclusio n that…
·统计
A recent survey indicates that…
As is apparently betrayed in the chart,
…climb / rocket / plunge / fall to…
With an average increase rate of 10%
四．名言和谚语精选
Knowledge is power. (Francis Bacon 培根)
Knowledge is the food of the soul. (Plato 柏拉图)
A little learning is a dangerous thing. (Alexander Pope 蒲柏)
Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire. (William Yeats 叶芝)
The value of a man should be seen in what he gives and not in what he is able to receive. (Albert Einstein 爱因斯坦)
He is the happiest, be he is King or peasant, who finds peace in his home. (J. W. Goethe 歌德)
Prevention is better than cure. (Charles Dickens 狄更斯)
Courage is the ladder on which all the other virtues mount. (Clare Luce 卢斯，美国剧作家)
Love is the only sane and satisfactory answer to the problem of human existence. (Erich Fromm 弗洛姆)
Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. (Alexandre Dumas 大仲马)
The only limit to our realization of tomorrow is our doubts of today. (Franklin Roosevelt 罗斯福)
A man is not old as long as he is seeking something. (J. Barrymore 巴里摩尔，美国演员)
Necessity is the mother of invention. (Plato 柏拉图)
Punishment is justice for the unjust. (Augustine 奥古斯丁，英国作家)
Discontent is the first step in progress of a man or a nation. (Oscar Wild 王尔德)
Adversity reveals genius; fortune conceals it. (Horace 贺拉斯，古罗马诗人)
The Chinese word for crisis is divided into two characters, one meaning danger and the other meaning opportunity. (Burejer 布莱杰，英国作家)
Although the world is full of suffering, it is full also of the overcoming of it. (Helen Keller 海伦凯勒)
People who cannot find time for recreation are obliged sooner or later to find time for illness. (J. Wanamaker 沃纳梅克)
Self-trust is the first secret of success. (R. Emerson 爱默生)
If winter comes, can spring be far behind? (P. B. Shelley 雪莱)
Where there is a will, there is a way. (Thomas Edison 爱迪生)
The first wealth is health. ( Ralph Waldo Emerson 爱默生)
Most folks are about as happy as they make up their minds to be. (Abraham Lincoln 林肯)
Time is money. (Benjamin Franklin 本杰明·富兰克林)
Unpolished pearls never shine. 玉不琢不成器。
Life is but a span. 人生苦短。
Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。
Circumstances are the rulers of the weak, instruments of the wise. 弱者屈于环境，强者利用环境。
A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。
Adversity leads to prosperity. 穷则思变。
Every coin has its two sides. 有利有弊。
Think twice before we leap. 三思而后行。
No garden without weeds. 没有花园无杂草。
No sweet without sweat. 苦尽甘来。
Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。
A young idler, an old beggar. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。
Constant dropping wears the stone. 滴水穿石。
Every profession produces its own best. 行行出状元。
Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
Diligence redeems stupidity. 勤能补拙。
Each man is the architect of his own fate. 每个人都是他自己命运的建筑师。
Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚，人以群分。
More haste, less speed. 欲速则不达。
五．词汇：同义词、近义词替换
解决：Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle
损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize
给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford
培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster
优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength
缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness
使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle
重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative
认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced
保护：Protect, conserve, preserve
确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge
有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental
要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition
消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away
导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate
因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this
增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to
降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to
保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out
急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，noticeably
平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly
宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim
发生：Happen, occur, take place
原因：Reason, factor, cause
发展：Development, advance, progress
有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous
影响：Influence, impact, effect
明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear 占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose
与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to
对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely 展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe 大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly
波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation 事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，
in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that
换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle