许地山《落花生》翻译赏析(张培基 译)
许地山《落花生》翻译赏析（张培基译）
原文：
落花生
许地山
我们屋后有半亩隙地。母亲说：“让它荒芜着怪可惜，既然称们那么爱吃花生，就辟来做花生园罢。”我们几姊弟和几个小丫头都很喜欢——买种的买种，动土的动土，灌园的灌园；过不了几个月，居然收获了!
妈妈说：“今晚我们可以做一个收获节，也请你们爹爹来尝尝我们的新花生，如何?”我们都答应了。母亲把花生做成好几样食品，还吩咐这节期要在园里的茅亭举行。
那晚上的天色不大好，可是爹爹也到来，实在很难得!爹爹说：“你们爱吃花生么?”
我们都争着答应：“爱!”
“谁能把花生的好处说出来?”。
姊姊说：“花生的气味很美。”
哥哥说：“花生可以制油。”
我说：“无论何等人都可以用贱价买它来吃；都喜欢吃它。这就是它的好处。”
爹爹说：“花生的用处固然很多；但有一样是很可贵的。这小小的豆不像那好看的苹果、桃子、石榴，把它们的果实悬在枝上，鲜红嫩绿的颜色，令人一望而发生羡慕的心。它只把果子埋在地的，等到成熟，才容人把它挖出来。你们偶然看见一棵花生瑟缩地长在地上，不能立刻辨出它有没有果实，非得等到你接触它才能知道。”
我们都说：“是的。”母亲也点点头。爹爹接下去说：“所以你们要像花生，因为它是有用的，不是伟大、好看的东西。”我说：“那么，人要做有用的人，不要做伟大、体面的人了。”爹爹说：“这是我对于你们的希望。”
我们谈到夜阑才散，所有花生食品虽然没有了，然而父亲的话现在还印在我心版上。译文：
Peanuts
Behind our house there lay half a mu of vacant land. Mother said, “It’s a pity to let it lie waste. Since you all like to eat peanuts so much, why not plant some here?” That exhilarated us children and our servant girls as well, and soon we started buying seeds, ploughing the land and watering the plants. We gathered in a good harvest just after a couple of months!
Mother said, “How about giving a party this evening to celebrate the harvest and inviting your Daddy to have a taste of our newly-harvested peanuts?” We all agreed. Mother made quite a few varieties of goodies out of the peanuts, and told us that the party would be held in the thatched pavilion on the peanut plot.
It looked like rain that evening, yet, to our great joy, father came nevertheless.
Night sky is not very good, but the father has come, it is hard to come by.
“Do you like peanuts?” asked Father.
“Yes, we do!” We vied in giving the answer.
“Which of you could name the good things in peanuts?” “Peanuts taste good,” said my elder sister.
“Peanuts produce edible oil,” said my elder brother.
“Peanuts are so cheap,” said I,“that anyone can afford to eat them. Peanuts are everyone’s favorite. That’s why we call peanuts good.”
“Peanuts are so cheap,” said I, “that anyone can afford to eat them. Peanuts are everyone’s favorite. Tha t’s why we call peanuts good.”
“It’s true that peanuts have many uses,” said Father, “but they’re most beloved in one respect. Unlike nice-looking apples, peaches and pomegranates, which hang their fruit on branches and win people’s instant admiration with their brilliant colours, tiny little peanuts bury themselves underground and remain unearthed until they’re ripe. When you come upon a peanut plant lying curled up on the ground, you can never immediately tell whether or not it bears any nuts until you touch them.”
“That’s true,” we said in unison. Mother also nodded. “So you must take after peanuts,” Father continued, “because they’re useful though not great and nice-looking.”
“Then you mean one should be useful rather than gre at and nice-looking,” I said.
“That’s what I expect of you,” Father concluded.
We kept chatting until the party broke up late at night. Today, though nothing is left of the goodies made of peanuts, Father’s words remain engraved in my mind.
译文赏析：
就原文而言，作者用朴实的语言记录了自己生活中的一个小故事，朴素、清新。而译文也同样用简单而地道的英语表达和原文在风格上保持了一致。下面节选文中的片段对译文进行赏析，并提出一些个人认为需要改进之处给以建议。
选段一：我们屋后有半亩隙地。母亲说：“让它荒芜着怪可惜，既然称们那么爱吃花生，就辟来做花生园罢。”我们几姊弟和几个小丫头都很喜欢——买种的买种，动土的动土，灌园的灌园；过不了几个月，居然收获了!
译文：Behind our house there lay half a mu of vacant land. Mother said, “It’s a pity to let it lie waste. Since you all like to eat peanuts so much, why not have them planted here.” That exhilarated us children and our servant girls as well, and soon we started buying seeds, ploughing the land and watering the plants. We gathered in a good harvest just after a couple of months!
分析：
优点：
1.“屋后”从逻辑上讲应该是房子的“后面”，用“Behind”，较为准确，但有人
将其译为“At the back of”则表示房间的“后部”。
2.“有一亩空地”用“lay”更具动感，通常人们会将其译成there be 句型。同时译
文用It’s a pity to do sth符合英语表达习惯，且to let it lie waste 地道而朴实地
表达出了原文的意思。
3.译文用why not …表示一种商量的语气，有的译文用let’s do sth句式则没有这
种商量的语气，且显得平淡。
4.译文将“我们姐弟几个” 译为“us children”简洁精练，若译为my brother, sister
and I则显得比较冗长繁琐。
5.原文有破折号，但译文用and soon 来代替，准确的传达了原文的含义。
6.中文喜用排比，或者“有的……有的……”句式，但英文忌重复，故译者用we …
代替some …some… others 显然更加符合英文的表达习惯，虽然在表意的准确
性上会有一点欠缺，但这样的取舍更易于译语受众理解。
7.译者在started之后用buying, ploughing, watering三个动词的-ing形式，突显出
我们忙忙碌碌的景象。
8.翻译本段最后一句时，译文使用we gathered in a good harvest just after既简练又
把“居然收获”的惊喜表达出来了。
不足：
1.“爱吃花生”应该表达的是一种习惯，而like to eat一般表示某次心血来潮的想
法。因此，建议用like eating/ enjoy eating。
2.译文用servant girls可能引起歧义，因servant girls多用于表示丫环，但是“小
丫头”未必就是丫环，可能是其他的小女孩。建议删去servant girls。
3.就“开辟出来种花生吧”一句，译文have hem planted here.显得过于简单。从上
下文来看，母亲应该是想很好的利用这块地来种花生。建议改成why not make
full use of it and plant some peanuts?或为使译文更简洁更口语化，可直接改为
why not plant some here?
选段二：妈妈说：“今晚我们可以做一个收获节，也请你们爹爹来尝尝我们的新花生，如何?”我们都答应了。母亲把花生做成好几样食品，还吩咐这节期要在园里的茅亭举行。那晚上的天色不大好，可是爹爹也到来，实在很难得!
译文：Mother said, “How about giving a party this evening to celebrate the harvest and invite your Daddy to have a taste of our newly-harvested peanuts?” We all agreed. Mother made quite a few varieties of goodies out of the peanuts, and told us that the party would be held in the thatched pavilion on the peanut plot. It looked like rain that evening, yet, to our great joy, Father came nevertheless.
分析：
优点：
1.在母亲说要做收获节的时候，译文用了How about 和invite 显得母亲说话比较温和。而
有的译文用Let us，ask，What do you say，虽然符合原文不增不减，但却显得母亲语气生硬，没有了慈爱的意味。
2.在表达“收获节”时，译者用“party”更为准确，很多译者会想当然的用“festival”而
使表达不够精确。
3.在表示“新”花生时，译文用newly-harvested地道地表达出了原文的意思，若用fresh等
其它词来表示，则难免牵强。
4.表达“母亲把花生做成好几样食品”译文用made quite a few varieties of goodies贴切自
然，另外goodies指“好吃的东西”，常用于口语也复合整篇文章的风格。汉语中“把”
字有多种含义，这里可以理解为“利用”，故译文使用make sth. Out of sth准确的表达出了原文的含义。
5.汉语多用主动语态，英语多为被动，故在译“这节期要在园里的茅亭举行”时，译者用
the party would be held in…译出，符合英语的表达习惯。
6.“天色不大好”是地道的汉语口语，译为it looked like rain 则是地道的英语表达，且符
合原意。
7.翻译最后一句“可是爹爹也到来，实在很难得!”译文用了joy …father… nevertheless表达
出一种喜悦的心情。
选段三：爹爹说：“你们爱吃花生么?” 我们都争着答应：“爱!” “谁能把花生的好处说出来?”。姊姊说：“花生的气味很美。” 哥哥说：“花生可以制油。” 我说：“无论何等人都可以用贱价买它来吃；都喜欢吃它。这就是它的好处。”
译文：“Do you like peanuts?” asked Father. “Yes, we do!” We vied in giving the answer.“Which of you could name the good things in peanuts?” “Peanuts taste good,” said my elder sister.“Peanuts produce edible oil,” said my elder brother. “Peanuts are so cheap,” said I, “that anyone can afford to eat them. Peanuts are everyone’s favorite. That’s why we call peanuts good.”
分析：
优点：
1.这是一段父亲和孩子们之间的对话，“争着答应”用vied in giving the answer更加有动感，
表现出了孩子们的活泼。
2.“把花生的好处说出来”用name the good也显然比直接更加灵活流畅。有译者将其翻译成
what the peanut is good for，在句子中套从句，不符合口语化表达。
3.当翻译“气味很美”时译者将其活译成更加通俗的“好吃” ，且用taste good则是地道的英
语表达。
4.在翻译“我”的话时，译者增译了“花生很便宜”：Peanuts are so cheap,但也有译者用
inexpensive代替cheap。但是inexpensive(adj.), 表示low priced; not expensive 主要表示
“廉价的,不贵的”。而Cheap: (adj.) low in price; worth more than the cost offering good value 则有更多意思“廉价的,实惠的，价钱好的”从上下文来看译者用cheap更确切。同时，译者用Peanuts做主语，使句子地道流畅。
5.译者用Peanuts are everyone’s favorite.这一静态表达代替原文“都喜欢吃它”这一动态表
达，更符合英语的语言习惯，更生动贴切。
6.最后表示“这就是它的好处”，译文中That’s why we call peanuts good更注意人物语言的
口语化。
不足：
表示“花生人人吃得起”，个人认为用afford it比译文用afford to eat them更加简洁。
选段四：爹爹说：“花生的用处固然很多；但有一样是很可贵的。这小小的豆不像那好看的苹果、桃子、石榴，把它们的果实悬在枝上，鲜红嫩绿的颜色，令人一望而发生羡慕的心。它只把果子埋在地的，等到成熟，才容人把它挖出来。
译文：“It’s true that peanuts have many uses,” said Father, “but they’re most beloved in one respect. Unlike nice-looking apples, peaches and pomegranates, which hang their fruit on branches and win people’s instant admiration with their brilliant colours, tiny little peanuts bury themselves underground and remain unearthed until they’re ripe.
分析：
优点：
1.译文将原文的两个句子合并为一个句子，将花生同好看的苹果、桃子等做对比，显示花
生的优秀品质，符合英语的表达习惯。
2.在翻译“小小的”时，译文将tiny 和little 放在一起，表现出小巧可爱的含义，与原文
的意思相符，准确而且生动。
不足：译文用一个很长的定语从句，显得比较书面化，与原文的口语化的风格略有不符。
选段五：“所以你们要像花生，因为它是有用的，不是伟大、好看的东西。”我说：“那么，人要做有用的人，不要做伟大、体面的人了。”
译文：“So you must take after peanuts,” Father continued, “because they’re useful though not great and nice-looking.”
分析：译文用动态的“take after”表示静态的“像”，符合英语的思维习惯，且文字简洁流畅，使得译文更加地道。
张培基散文翻译 张培基散文翻译108篇
张培基散文翻译张培基散文翻译108篇 转] 张培基散文翻译语言点精要 xx-6-1614:19阅读转载自甲壳虫 · · · · · · 赞赞赞赞评论转载分享复制地址编辑上一篇| 下一篇：此文胜过你上三年、、、 1、It is sometimes beset with …有时候会有…的境遇/会有…相伴 2、 Nothing short of a … can help …唯有…才能/全靠…才能够 3、 Rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of miles、一泻千里 4、 Fare likewise、正如这样 5、 Now … , now …有时…，有时… 6、 Better able to generate in oneself a sensation of …更能让人产生一种…之 感
7、… is now confronted with a … section of its course、…现在正遭遇进程上的 一段… 8、… , however, can only be shared by …而…，只有…样的人才可体会到 9、 The present … crisis can never obstacle the advance of …目前的…危机绝 不会阻碍…的进步 10、 Let us pace up our spirits and march through ...让我们鼓起雄健的精神 (1) 1、The greatest joy of …, is to … during its most difficult days、在最艰难的日 子里…，亦是最大的乐趣 12、 Grow restless 变得焦躁不安 Beg to differ 恕不同意/持反对意见 13、 Dash here and there in search of …跑来跑去的寻找 14、 He is going to … so that he could …他决定…以便… 15、… is not groundless because ……并非空害怕/没依据，因为… 16、 Keep moving around in a hurry 慌慌张张地走/跑
翻译 中英对译 英文散文赏析
原文 巷 柯灵译者-张培基 巷，是城市建筑艺术中一篇飘逸恬静的散文，一幅古雅冲淡的图画①。这种巷，常在江南的小城市中，有如古代的少女，躲在僻静的深闺，轻易不肯抛头露面②。你要在这种城市里住久了,和它真正成了莫逆，你才有机会看见她③，接触到她优娴贞静的风度。 人耐心静静走去，要老半天才走完。它又这么曲折, 什么时候，你向巷中踅去，都如宁静的黄昏，可以清晰地听到自己的 斑斑驳驳的苔痕，墙上挂着一串串苍翠欲滴 的藤萝，简直像古朴的屏风。春来 小巷的动人处就是它无比的悠闲。无论是谁， 你的心情就会如巷尾不波的古井，那是一种和平的静穆，而不是阴森和肃杀⑩。它闹中取静，别有天地，仍是人间。它可能是一条现代的乌衣巷(11)，家家有自 己的一本哀乐帐， 使人忘忧。 译文 The Lane Ke Ling The lane, in terms of the art of urban architecture, is like a piece of prose of gentle gracefulness or a painting of classic elegance and simplicity①.
a small the lane, a maiden of ancient times hidden away in a secluded boudoir, is reluctant to make its appearance long time.③ The does not taste of the countryside at all. It is long and deep, so it will take you a long while to walk patiently and quietly through it from end to end. It is also so winding that it seems ⑤when you look far ahead, but if you keep walking until you take a turning, you’ll find it again lying endless and still more quiet. There is nothing but stillness there⑥. At any hour of day, you can even distinctly hear in the , which, moss-covered and hung with clusters of fresh green wisteria, look almost like screens of primitive simplicity. Inside the walls are residents’ gardens with In spring, beautiful peach and apricot blossoms atop the walls, ⑧waving their red sleeves, will sway hospitably to beckon the pedestrians. The charm of the lane lies in its absolute serenity. No matter who you are, if you in the lane for a while⑨, your mind will become as unruffled as the ancient well at the end of the lane. There you will a kind of peaceful calmness rather than gloomy sternness⑩. There reigns peace and quiet in the midst of noisy bustle. It is a world of its own on earth. It may be a modern (11)where each family, secluded behind closed doors, has its own covered-up story of （12）The all-pervading and all-purifying atmosphere of water-like placidness makes one forget all cares and worries.
翻译理论知识
《翻译理论与实践》考试理论部分复习提纲 一、翻译定义: 1、张培基——翻译就是用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整地重新表达出来的语言活动。 3、刘宓庆——翻译的实质就是语际的意义转换。 4、王克非——翻译就是将一种语言文字所蕴含的意思用另一种语言文字表达出来的文化活动。 5、泰特勒——好的翻译应该就是把原作的长处完全地移注到另一种语言,以使译入语所属国家的本地人能明白地领悟、强烈地感受,如同使用原作语言的人所领悟、所感受的一样。 6、费道罗夫——翻译就就是用一种语言把另一种语言在内容与形式不可分割的统一中所业已表达出来的东西准确而完全地表达出来。 7、卡特福德——翻译的定义也可以这样说:把一种语言(Source Language)中的篇章材料用另一种语言(Target Language)中的篇章材料来加以代替。 8、奈达——翻译就就是在译入语中再现与原语信息最切近的自然对等物,首先就意义而言,其次就就是文体而言。 “Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style、”---Eugene Nida 纽马克——通常(虽然不能说总就是如此),翻译就就是把一个文本的意义按作者所想的方式移译入另一种文字(语言)。“Translation is a craft consisting in the attempt to replace a written message and/or statement in one language by the same message and/or statement in another language、”--- Peter Newmark 10、“Translation is the expression in one language (or target language译入语) of what has been expressed in another language (source language 原语), preserving semantic and stylistic equivalences、”--- Dubois 12、13、Translation or translating is a communicative activity or dynamic process in which the translator makes great effort to thoroughly comprehend a written message or text in the source language and works very hard to achieve an adequate or an almost identical reproduction in the target language version of the written source language message or text、 二、翻译标准 1、翻译的标准概括为言简意赅的四个字:“忠实(faithfulness)、通顺(smoothness)”。忠实指的就是忠实于原文。通顺指的就是译文的语言必须合乎规范、通俗易懂。 2、严复对翻译曾经提出“信(faithfulness)、达(expressiveness)、雅(elegance)”的标准:“译事三难:信、达、雅。求其信已大难矣,顾信矣不达,虽译犹不译也,则达尚焉。” 3、“泰特勒三原则”:(1)That the Translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work;(2)That the style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original;(3)That the Translation should have all the ease of original composition、”(1)译作应完全复写出原作的思想;(2)译作的风格与手法应与原作属于同一性质;(3)译作应具备原作所具有的通顺。”(谭载喜,2006)泰特勒指出,这三项原则就是好的翻译所必备的条件,它们次序的排列就是恰当的、自然的,就是按重要顺序排列的,如果在不得已的情况下要牺牲某一个原则就要注意到它们的次第与比较上的重要性,决不能颠倒主次,以牺牲思想内容的忠实来求得译文的优美与流畅。 5、奈达提出了著名的“动态对等”。她对翻译所下的定义: 所谓翻译, 就是在译语中用最切近而又最自然的对等语再现源语的信息, 首先就是意义, 其次就是文体。
张培基散文翻译语言点精要
张培基散文翻译语言点精要 1. It is sometimes beset with…有时候会有…的境遇/会有…相伴 2. Nothing short of a…can help…唯有...才能/全靠…才能够 3. rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of miles一泻千里 4. Fare likewise.正如这样 5. Now…, now….有时…，有时… 6. Better able to generate in oneself a sensation of…更能让人产生一种…之感 7.…is now confronted with a…section of its course……现在正遭遇进程上的一段… 8.…, however, can only be shared by…而…,只有…样的人才可体会到 9.Thepresent…criscanneverobstacletheadvanceof…目前的…危机绝不会阻碍…的进步。 1 0." Let us brace up our spirit and march through…让我们鼓起雄健的精神… 1 1." The greatest joy of…, is to…during its most difficult days.在最艰难的日子里…，亦是最大的乐趣。 1 2." Grow restless变得焦躁不安Beg to differ恕不同意/持反对意见 1 3." Dash here and there in search o f…跑来跑去的寻找 1
英汉翻译评析(附参考译文)
英汉翻译讲解（1） I.英汉之间的差别： “对于中国学生最有用的帮助是让他认识英语和汉语的差别。”------吕叔湘 国内学者的共识是：汉语是综合性的，描写性的，而英语是分析性的，逻辑性的。在语言学上最重要的区别在于形合和意合的对比（contrast between hypotaxis and parataxis），英语重形合（形式上的融合），汉语重意合（意思或意境的融合）。在句法方面，有学者形象地把英汉比喻为以下几种： 1．雄孔雀/雄狮-----即英语习惯于把最着重的事物放在句首先说出来，开门见山，一语破的，然后再把各种标志一条条补述，一步步交代，慢条斯理，从容不迫，形成一条头短尾长地线性链，象头小尾大地雄孔雀。而汉语则相反，其线性序列的展开好比画龙点睛，先把外围的环境与衬托一一交代周到，最后点出话语的信息中心，水到渠成，给人以豁然开朗之感，形成雄狮型头大尾小地局式。 例如：I was all the more delighted when, as a result of the initiative of your Government it proved possible to reinstate the visit so quickly. 译文：由于贵国政府的提议，才得以这样快地重新实现访问。这使我感到特别高兴。 又如：The assertion that it was difficult, if not impossible, for a people to enjoy its basic rights unless it was able to determine freely its political status and to ensure freely its economic, social and cultural development was now scarcely （不足地，不充分地；一定不，绝不）contested （斗争；比赛）. 译文：如果一个民族不能自由地决定其政治地位，不能自由地保证其经济、社会和文化的发展，要享受其基本权利，即使不是不可能，也是不容易的。这一论断几乎是无可置辩的了。 2．葡萄/竹竿-----即把英语句子比作“葡萄型”结构，葡萄主干很短，其上附结着丰硕的果实。而汉语句子则较短，一个短句接一个短句地往下叙述，逐步展开，内容像竹竿一样一节一节展开，常称为“竹竿型”结构。 She was beautiful, with long dark hair and brilliant green eyes.她长得很美，一头乌黑亮丽的长发，一双晶莹明亮的绿色眼睛。 She has smooth akin as pale and iridescent as the moon shining over a snow-covered landscape.她光滑的肌肤白里透红，宛如皎洁的月光洒在茫茫血地上。 3．多枝共干----英语句子中还有两个或几个动词共受一个状语修饰，共有一个主语或宾语，或者两个或几个状语共同修饰一个动词，两个或几个主语或宾语共一个动词，这就好比几根树枝长在同一根树干上，我们称为“多枝共干”式结构。 4．也有学者认为英语是一种弥漫着“男子气”的语言。逻辑性、组织性和理性是以英语为母语的民族的思维支撑点，从而就形成了英语的“阳刚之美”。而汉语自有汉语之美。汉语不注重对客观现实作符合逻辑的形式的描摹，不执着于形式结构的规范，中国人的思维支撑点似乎更具有抽象，深邃和疏放的取向，由此繁衍生出的是显赫的暗示和幽远的意境从而形成汉语的“阴柔之美”。汉语的魅力在于她的流散和疏放，系于她超凡的暗示力和意境性。所以汉语的形式机制很弱，主谓宾没有形式标定，主谓间关系松散，宾语无定格，无定位，主语的超句承接功能很强。 如果说汉语是一种“人治”语言，那么，英语则是一种“理性”语言。汉语能化逻辑为内在，英语则必须将逻辑外化，化作种种行合的标记，化作启转承合的纽带。英语语法规范森严，理性十足；英语形式逻辑缜密，滴水不漏。 5．汉语是一种意境语言，一种艺术语言。寥寥数词，就能出意境，出氛围，出画面。
英语六级汉译英专项练习答案及解析
三、汉译英专项练习答案及解析 一、倍数增减的表示法 1)is 2.5 times greater than Force N2 （考点：倍数+ 形容词/副词比较级+ than） 2)reacts three times as fast as the other one （考点：倍数+ as + 形容词/副词+ as） 3)is 49 times the size of the moon （考点：倍数+ 名词） 4)wants to raise the rent by a third （考点：动词+ by + 数词/百分比/倍数） 5)plan to double their investment （考点：double + 名词） 二、时态 1)or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church （考点：将来完成时） 2)the children had fallen asleep （考点：过去完成时） 3)my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside （考点：将来进行时） 4)have been revising my resume all the morning （考点：现在完成进行时） 5)No. It has been five years since I went on holiday （考点：It has been … since sb. did sth. 表示某人有多长时间没有做某事了） 6)He has been in the army for 5 years （考点：1. 现在完成时；2.要用持续性动词才能接一段时间） 三、被动语态 1)is being replaced by the computer and the projector （考点：被动语态的现在进行时） 2)will have been published by the end of this year （考点：被动语态的将来完成时） 3)can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work （考点：1. 被动语态与情态动词联用; 2. 汉语有些没有“被”字等标志词的句子也表示被动, 要译成英语的被动语态） 4)I was startled, for the prices were a great deal higher than I had anticipated （考点：同“3”的考点2） 5)Effective measures must be taken immediately （考点：汉语的无主句通常翻译成英语的被动语态） 四、情态动词 1)but there is no answer. She can’t be at home （考点：情态动词可以表示可能性，can’t 表示“一定不”）
英汉翻译评析
评：在最后一句“回眸一笑百媚生，六宫粉黛无颜色”中，译者将“百媚”翻 译为“ full of grace ” ,在此处应取“ eleganee and beauty of movement expression ， a beautiful figure which she used in subtle movements unparalleled grace ”这一义，我认为此处强调的是“媚”这个字，这种美是无 人能比的，以至于六宫粉黛无颜色，所以在翻译之时，可以把这种媚翻译成魅 力，而且是“百媚”，此处“百”又不是真的“ hundred ”，而是一种“ end beauty, end of charm ”。 评：最后一句“六宫”翻译成six places 非常生硬，感觉没有体现中国古典文 化中六宫的含义。同时fairest face 也太过于字面化，没有什么美感。回眸直 接翻译为turning her head 也是过于直接，体现不出古典诗歌所要表达的美。 or of of 评：第二句杨家有女初长成中， womanhood just grow ，womanhood 略感多余，前面已经用 了 maiden ，意透露性别信息，无需再次强调女性身份，第三句中天生丽质难自弃，用 en dowed with n atural beauty, en dow 之嫌，一朝选在君王侧翻作 selected for the mon arch' 妃，回眸一笑百媚生，六宫粉黛无颜色有承接关系，觉得， 已有天生具有的意思，再用 natural 强调原生有语义赘余 s side,太过直译，可以意译为入宫为 that 放入前半句更好， that she turns her head, with a sweet and grace smile 。 评：诗歌标题“长恨歌”并非表达一种真正的恨意和痛苦， 的遗憾和悔恨。“ regret ”正好有“悔恨，遗憾”之意，“ 而是指唐明皇和杨贵妃无法长相厮守 everlasting ”正好表达岀了长久的意 味。许渊冲的翻译避免了直接翻译的直白， 又恰到好处地将两人无法长相厮守的遗憾表达得淋漓 尽致，十分贴切。 《长恨歌》翻译评析 长恨歌 许渊冲译 The Everlast ing Regret 汉皇重色思倾国，御宇多年求不得。 The beauty-lovi ng mon arch Ion ged year after year To find a beautiful lady without peer. 杨家有女初长成，养在深闺人未识。 A maide n of the Yan gs* to woma nhood just grow n. In inner chambers bred, to the world was unknown. 天生丽质难自弃，一朝选在君王侧。 En dowed with n atural beauty too hard to hide, One day she stood selected for the mon arch ' s side. 回眸一笑百媚生，六宫粉黛无颜色。 Turning her head, she smiled so sweet and full of grace That she outsh one in six palaces the fairest face.
英汉翻译评析(答案)
Commentaries on the Version of “一个女人是这样衰老的” 一个女人是这样衰老的 SV：How a Woman Ages/A Woman’s Aging/A Woman Fades Thus/What causes a Woman to Grow Old/The Way in Which a woman is Aging/How a Woman Gets Old RV: The Way Woman Withers 点评：Rhetorical Device: distillation and aesthetic hightlights of language, either Chinese or English/The successful employment of alliteration(头韵) 1．二十岁的时候，我穿着一条背心式牛仔裙在校园里走来走去，一说话就脸红。三十岁的我穿着名牌套装，坐在办公桌前，满脸冷酷地对下属说：“这么愚蠢的问题你也敢问？也不先打个草稿。”SV: At the age of twenty, I walked about on the campus, wearing a vestlike jean skirt. My face would turn red whenever I speak. After I have turned thirty, I am seated in front of a bureau, in a suit of famous brand, reproaching a subordinate coldly “How dare you ask such a stupid question? Why didn’t you make a draft first?” RV: At the age of twenty, wearing a jeans jumper, I moved about on the campus, my face blushing the moment I had the inclination to make an
汉英翻译篇章练习
汉英翻译篇章练习 Practice 1 近读报纸，对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。 在巴黎，名目繁多的酒会、冷餐会是广交朋友的好机会。在这种场合陌生人相识，如果是亚洲人，他们往往开口之前先毕恭毕敬地用双手把自己的名片呈递给对方，这好像是不可缺少的礼节。然而，法国人一般却都不大主动递送名片，双方见面寒喧几句甚至海阔天空地聊一番也就各自走开。只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往时，才会主动掏出名片。二话不说先递名片反倒有些勉强。 法国人的名片讲究朴素大方，印制精美，但很少有镶金边儿的，闪光多色的或带香味儿的，名片上的字体纤细秀丽，本人的名字也不过分突出，整张纸片上空白很大，毫无拥挤不堪的感觉。 Practice 2 我想,教师要给学生的,是一把开启知识宝库的钥匙,而不是把 学生的脑子变成一个容器。教师的工作是启发学生,通过自己的思考、实践、试验去求得知识,鼓励他们大胆提出问题和不同意见。经过研讨,得出自己的结论,而不是由教师包办代替。 我喜欢那些爱提“怪”问题的学生。提不出问题的,不能算是好学生。
其实,学习就是一个不断出错误和改正错误的过程。年轻人要学,我们自己也要学。一句话,教育是要使人从无知变成有知,从愚 昧变成聪明,从野蛮变成文明,而不是相反。 就说这流行音乐吧,我就不如年轻人懂得多。我有个习惯,自己不懂得东西，绝不轻易反对,而是努力去学懂它。 你看吧,大街上姑娘们大声谈笑,我行我素；小伙子也穿红戴绿。中国人胆子大起来了，不那么缩头缩脑了。你还能拿年轻人头发长短、裤脚大小来衡量谁是好学生谁是坏学生吗？ Practice 3 我所追求的幸福 在西方流传着一句据说是来自古老中国的谚语，只是我在中国从未听说 过：“如果你想要几小时的幸福，就去喝醉酒；如果你想要三年的幸福，就 去结婚；如果你想要一辈子的幸福，就去做个园丁。”他们对园丁能一辈子 幸福的解释是：“做有用的事，与自然融合，对身体的锻炼和每天都会有新 的喜悦。” 我看到过一份美国某大学对“幸福”的研究课题报告，对幸福下的定义 是：“主观地感到适意的程度”，具体地说是“对自己的生活感到有意义， 满意和舒适的一种积极的状态”。这种感觉应当是有持续性的。 许多人以为休闲是很大的幸福，但调查显示：大部分感到幸福的人是在 工作中，是那些因工作而特别忙碌的人而不是有太多休闲时间的人。幸福不 意味着“得到我想要的东西”，而是“想要我们得到的东西”。人有时不 珍惜自己已经有的却总去想那些得不到的东西。就像有些男人宁愿想象出五 十个梦中情人而不和他身边那一个女人实实在在地生活。 幸福是一种使两者平衡的游戏：我们已有的和我们想要的，即愿意和可 能性之间的。最后他们得出的结论：“幸福的人是一个有远大目标同时不忘 记自己是生活在现在的人；一个选择对自己的才能和可能性有挑战的人；一
张培基散文翻译语言点精要
1. It is sometimes beset with … 有时候会有…的境遇/会有…相伴 2. Nothing short of a … can help … 唯有…才能/全靠…才能够 3. Rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of miles. 一泻千里 4. Fare likewise. 正如这样 5. Now … , now … 有时…，有时… 6. Better able to generate in oneself a sensation of … 更能让人产生一种…之感 7. … is now confronted with a … section of its course. …现在正遭遇进程上的一段… 8. … , however, can only be shared by … 而…，只有…样的人才可体会到 9. The present … crisis can never obstacle the advance of … 目前的…危机绝不会阻碍…的进步 10. Let us brace up our spir its and march through … 让我们鼓起雄健的精神… 11. The greatest joy of …, is to … during its most difficult days. 在最艰难的日子里…，亦是最大的乐趣 12. Grow restless 变得焦躁不安 Beg to differ 恕不同意/持反对意见 13. Dash here and there in search of … 跑来跑去的寻找 14. He is going to … so that he could … 他决定…以便… 15. … is not groundless because … …并非空害怕/没依据，因为… 16. Keep moving around in a hurry 慌慌张张地走/跑 17. What’s the rush? 为何这般慌？/怎么这么着急？ 18. Behind … lay half a dozen of … near … 注意学习地理方位和位置的表述 19. look like rain, yet, to our great joy … [口语]像是要下雨，然而让我们高兴的是… 20. whic h of you could … 你们谁能……？(别用who 了，太土了！！) 21. they are most beloved in one aspect. 有一点最受人爱/有一点最为可贵 22. Unlike … , which … , … it just … to … 不像…的…一样，它只是…，来… 23. You can never immediately tell whether or not it … until … 你不能立刻判断它是否…，非得等到… 24. One should be useful rather than great or nice-looking. 应该成为有用的人，而不是伟大或体面的人 25. Engraved in my mind. 深深地刻在脑海 26. … is a household name all over the country. ……是家喻户晓/名遍全国的。 27. … is always on the lips because … 把…天天挂在嘴上，因为… 28. What’s the use of being … ……又有什么用/有什么必要呢？ 29. Uttered intermittently. 断断续续地说 30. Never calculating or particular about personal gains and losses. 不计较个人得失 31. Honor … with a posthumous reverent … 追授…一个… 的谥号/称号 32. Become more and more … with the passing of time. 随 着时间的流逝变得越来越……/越久越…… 33. Never give up the pursuit of … 不要放弃… / 不要放 弃对…的追求 34. Out of sheer necessity. 仅仅为了需要 / 纯粹因为需要 35. Be free to follow your own bent. 可以依自己的喜好去… / 自由自在地去追求自己的喜好 36. Be in the prime of life. 正当盛年 / 年富力强 37. … will soon be gone never to return. 一去不复返。 38. Be in one’s declining years. 风烛残年 / 精力衰微之时 39. As a means of subsistence. 作为生计 / 为了吃饭 / 作为谋生的手段 40. Remedy the situation by … 用……来补救 41. Come up against the urgent problem of … ……问题 急需解决 42. How can one manage to … while … 人怎么能在…的同 时还…呢？ 43. Cut down on food and clothing and do everything possible to … 节衣缩食想尽办法去…… 44. Time is no object. 时间不是问题。 45. … will be quite enough to make … a … …足够让 一个…成为…了 46. The choice lies with you. 选择权在你们手里。 47. Henrik Ibsen says, “it is your supreme duty to cast yourself into a useful implement.” 你最大的责任是把你这块材料铸造成器。 48. Forsake … , and you will ruin yourself. 抛弃…， 你便毁了你自己。 49. To go into scholarship, to engage in learning. 做 学问 50. the only things of some value under my roof, if any, are …在我屋子里唯一贵重的东西就是… 51. Entertain ambition of making a profound study of … 怀有对……做一番高深研究的野心 52. It seemed that … can better satisfy … than … … 比…更能满足…的需要 53. At one sitting. 一口气地… 54. It is completely subjected to the whims of the moment. 全凭当时的兴趣和念头。 55. Liken myself respectively to … 把我自己比作…… 56. Thread-bound Chinese book. 线装书 57. My obsession of … have been very much on a decline. 我对……的狂热/着迷消除了不少。 58. To eat into one’s whole pocket. 花掉某人所有的 钱。 59. But not all acquaintances are friends. 不是所有认 识的都是朋友。 60. Have more scruples about this and that. 对身边的一切都有更多的顾虑。 61. We each followed a different course of life. 我们各
汉译英翻译技巧分析解析资料讲解
汉译英翻译技巧 一、分清主从(Subordination) 汉语句中各分句关系比较松散，所以在动笔前应认真分析句子要旨所在。句中重点往往在后。英译时，要突出重点或主句，其他部分可分别用介词短语，非谓语动词形式或各种从句表示。 1、没有农业，人们就不能生存，社会生产就不能继续下去。 Without agriculture, people cannot exist, neither can social production proceed. 2、他们一听到“反霸”就火冒三丈,这充分暴露了他们那霸权主义的蛮横嘴脸。 The fact that they fly into a rage at a mere mention of the expression“anti- hegemony”is enough to reveal their true colours as a domineering hegemonists. 3、有人以为社会主义就了不起，一点缺点也没有，哪有这个事? Some believe that socialism is just perfect, without a single flaw. How can that be true? 4、但是，象我们常说的那样，道路总是曲折的，前途总是光明的。 But as we have often said, while the road ahead is tortuous, the future is bright. 二、选词用字（Diction） 在汉译英时应特别注意选找与原文中在意义上和风味上尽可能都类似的词语。 1、每个民族都有它的长处，不然它为什么能存在？为什么能发展？ Every nation has its own strong points. If not, how can it survive? How can it progress? 2、树雄心，立壮志，向科学技术现代化进军。 Foster lofty ideals, set high goals and march forward for the revolution of modernization of science and technology. 3、我国的社会主义建设，需要一个和平的国际环境，需要一个国内安定团结， 天下大治的局面。 For its socialist construction, China needs an international environment of peace and a domestic situation of stability, unity and great order. 4、论技术，她那时还不如我，但思想却比我高得多。 Professionally she was then not yet my equal, but ideologically she was head and shoulders above me. 三、增益（Ampification） 汉译英时的“增益”技巧的运用,有时是为了使英美人理解原文的精确含义,有时是为了遵循英语的行文习惯。 1、交出翻译之前，必须读几遍，看看有没有要修改的地方。这样才能把工作做好。 Before handing in your translation, you have to read it over and over again and see if there anything in it to be corrected or improved. Only then can you do your work well. （英语行文时人称代词，物主代词用得较多） 2、她挑水，生炉子，洗东西，忙个不停。 Fetching water, building the fire, washing --- she had her hands full every minute. (增益为了意译) 3、他们一听说有新任务，就坐不往了。
英译汉篇章翻译2
英译汉篇章翻译练习（2） Proverbs are the popular sayings that brighten so much Latin American talk, the boiled-down wisdom that you are as apt to hear from professors as from peasants, from beggars as from elegances. Brief and colorful, they more often than not carry a sting. When a neighbor?s dismally unattractive daughter announced her engagement, Imelda remarked, “You know what they say, Senora: …There?s no pot so ugly it can?t find a lid.?” And when her son-in-law blustered about how he was going to get even with the boss who had docked his pay, Imelda fixed him with a cold eye and said, “Little fish does not eat big fish.” One afternoon, I heard Imelda and her daughter arguing in the kitchen. Her daughter had quarreled with her husband?s parents, and Imelda was in sisting that she apologized to them. Her daughter objected. “But, Mama, I just can?t swallow them, not even with honey. They talk so big until we need something; then they?re too poor. So today when they wouldn?t even lend us enough to pay for a new bed, a ll I did was say something that I?ve heard you say a hundred times: …If so grand, why so poor? If so poor, why so grand?” “Impertinent!” snorted Imelda. “Have I not also taught you, …What the tongue says, the neck pays for?? I will not have it said that I could never teach my daughter proper respect for her elders. And before you go to beg their pardon, change those trousers for a dress. You know how your mother-in-law feels about pants on a woman. She always says, …What was hatched a hen must not try to be a rooster!” Her daughter made one more try. “But Mama, you often say, …If the saint is annoyed, don?t pray to him until he gets over it.? Can?t I leave it for tomorrow?” “No, no and no! Remember: …If the dose is nasty, swallow it fast.? You know, my child, you did wrong. But, …A gift is the key to open the door closed against you.? I have a cake in the oven that I was making for the Senora?s dinner, I will explain to the Senora. Now, dear, hurry home and make yourself pretty in your pink dress. By the time you get back, I will have the cake ready for you to take to your mother-in-law. She will be so pleased that she may make your father-in-law pay for the bed. Remember: …One hand washes the other, but together they wash the face.?”