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hbase编程

hbase编程
hbase编程

HBase的安装、配置、管理与编程

原创HBase的安装、配置、管理与编程收藏

环境准备

需要环境:

PC-1 Suse Linux 9 10.192.1.1

PC-2 Suse Linux 9 10.192.1.2

PC-3 Suse Linux 9 10.192.1.3

PC-4 Suse Linux 9 10.192.1.4

其中,PC-1做namenode节点,PC-2、PC-3和PC-4做datanode节点。

并且已经安装成功Hadoop-0.20.1及以上版本。

安装包准备

需要安装包:

zookeeper-3.2.1.tar.gz(stable版本)

hbase-0.20.1.tar.gz(stable版本)

安装步骤

安装和配置ZooKeeper

HBase从0.20.0开始,需要首先安装ZooKeeper。从apache上下载zookeeper-3.2.1.tar.gz(Stable 版本),解压到/home/hdfs/目录下。

(1),在namenode节点新建zookeeper目录,在该目录下新建myid文件。

(2),在zookeeper-3.2.1/conf目录下,拷贝zoo_sample.cfg为zoo.cfg。在zoo.cfg中将dataDir 改为/home/hdfs/zookeeper,在文件末位添加所有的主机:

server.1=10.192.1.1:2888:3888

server.2=10.192.1.2:2888:3888

server.3=10.192.1.3:2888:3888

server.4=10.192.1.4:2888:3888

server.5=10.192.1.5:2888:3888

server.6=10.192.1.62888:3888

(3)用scp命令将namenode节点的的/home/hdfs/ zookeeper-3.2.1和/home/hdfs/ zookeeper拷贝到其余所有主机的/home/hdfs目录下。

(4)参照zoo.cfg中的配置,在各主机myid文件中写入各自的编号。如:10.192.1.1入1,10.192.1.2写入2

(5)在所有节点上执行bin/zkServer.sh start,分别启动。

执行bin/zkCli.sh -server xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:2181,检查指定服务器是否成功启动。

安装和配置HBase

下载HBase0.20.1版本,解压到namenode节点的/home/hdfs目录下。

配置说明

(1)系统所有配置项的默认设置在hbase-default.xml中查看,如果需要修改配置项的值,在hbase-site.xml中添加配置项。

在分布式模式下安装HBase,需要添加的最基本的配置项如下:

hbase.rootdir

hdfs://namenode.hdfs:54310/hbase

The directory shared by region servers.

hbase.cluster.distributed

true

The mode the cluster will be in. Possible values are

false: standalone and pseudo-distributed setups with managed Zookeeper

true: fully-distributed with unmanaged Zookeeper Quorum (see hbase-env.sh)

(2)在conf/hbase-env.sh中修改添加配置项:

export JA VA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_16

export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false

export HBASE_CLASSPA TH=/home/hdfs/hadoop-0.20.1/conf

并把~/hadoop-0.20.1/conf/hdfs-site.xml拷贝至~/hbase-3.2.1/conf/目录下。

(3)将ZooKeeper的配置文件zoo.cfg添加到HBase所有主机的CLASSPA TH中。

(4)在conf/regionservers中添加hadoop-0.20.1/conf/slaves中所有的datanode节点。

启动

Hadoop、ZooKeeper和HBase之间应该按照顺序启动和关闭:启动Hadoop—>启动ZooKeeper 集群—>启动HBase—>停止HBase—>停止ZooKeeper集群—>停止Hadoop。

在namenode节点执行bin/hbase-daemon.sh,启动master。执行bin/start-hbase.sh和bin/stop-hbase.sh 脚本启动和停止HBase服务。

接口说明

HBase按列存储结构化数据,支持建表、插入记录、查询记录、删除记录和索引操作等等,不支持连接和更新操作。

开发步骤

引入JAR包

在Windows客户端编写JA V A程序操作HBase,需要引入一些JAR包。需要引入的JAR如下:hadoop-0.20.1-core.jar,commons-logging-1.0.4.jar,commons-logging-api-1.0.4.jar,zookeeper-3.2.1.jar,hbase-0.20.1.jar,log4j-1.2.15.jar。

开发模式

在分布式模式下开发,在程序中配置与HDFS和ZooKeeper的连接,即可对数据进行操作。view plaincopy to clipboardprint?

import java.util.Date;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.awt.List;

import java.util.Map;

import java.util.NavigableMap;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;

public class HBaseManager {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{

HBaseManager manager = new HBaseManager();

manager.testGet();

}

public void testQueryRS()throws Exception{

HBaseConfiguration config = new HBaseConfiguration();

config.set("hbase.master", "10.192.1.1:60000");

config.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "10.192.1.1");

HTable table = new HTable(config, "commodity");

System.out.println("Get Spin's commodity info");

Scan scanner = new Scan();

scanner.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("description"));

scanner.setMaxVersions();

ResultScanner rsScanner = table.getScanner(scanner);

System.out.println(rsScanner.toString());

Result rs = rsScanner.next();

while(null != rs){

System.out.println(rs.size());

NavigableMap>> nMap = rs.getMap(); NavigableMap> columnMap =

nMap.get(Bytes.toBytes("description"));

NavigableMap qualMap = columnMap.get(new byte[]{});

if(qualMap.entrySet().size() > 0){

System.out.println("---------------------------");

for(Map.Entry m :qualMap.entrySet())

{

System.out.println("Value:"+ new String(m.getValue()));

}

}

rs = rsScanner.next();

}

}

public void testQueryCommodity()throws Exception{

HBaseConfiguration config = new HBaseConfiguration();

config.set("hbase.master", "10.192.1.1:60000");

config.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "10.192.1.1.203");

HTable table = new HTable(config, "commodity");

System.out.println("Get Spin's commodity info");

Get mathGet = new Get(new String("Spin").getBytes());

mathGet.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("widgetname"));

mathGet.setMaxVersions();

Result rs = table.get(mathGet);

NavigableMap>> nMap = rs.getMap(); NavigableMap> columnMap = nMap.get(Bytes.toBytes("widgetname"));

NavigableMap qualMap = columnMap.get(new byte[]{});

if(qualMap.entrySet().size() > 0){

for(Map.Entry m :qualMap.entrySet())

{

System.out.println("Value:"+ new String(m.getValue()));

break;

}

}

}

public void test()throws Exception{

HBaseConfiguration config = new HBaseConfiguration();

config.set("hbase.master", "10.192.1.1:60000");

config.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "10.192.1.1");

HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(config);

HTable table = new HTable(config, "scores");

if (admin.tableExists("scores")){

System.out.println("drop table");

admin.disableTable("scores");

admin.deleteTable("scores");

}

System.out.println("create table");

HTableDescriptor tableDescripter = new HTableDescriptor("scores".getBytes()); tableDescripter.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor("grade"));

tableDescripter.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor("course"));

admin.createTable(tableDescripter);

System.out.println("add Tom's data");

Put tomPut = new Put(new String("Tom").getBytes());

tomPut.add(new String("grade").getBytes(), new byte[]{}, new String("1").getBytes());

tomPut.add(new String("grade").getBytes(), new String("math").getBytes(), new String("87").getBytes());

tomPut.add(new String("course").getBytes(), new String("math").getBytes(), new String("97").getBytes());

table.put(tomPut);

System.out.println("add Jerry's data");

Put jerryPut = new Put(new String("Jerry").getBytes());

jerryPut.add(new String("grade").getBytes(), new byte[]{}, new String("2").getBytes());

jerryPut.add(new String("grade").getBytes(), new String("math").getBytes(), new String("77").getBytes());

jerryPut.add(new String("course").getBytes(), new String("math").getBytes(), new String("92").getBytes());

table.put(jerryPut);

System.out.println("Get Tom's data");

Get tomGet = new Get(new String("Tom").getBytes());

Result tomResult = table.get(tomGet);

System.out.println(tomResult.toString());

System.out.println("Get Tom's Math grade");

Get mathGet = new Get(new String("Tom").getBytes());

mathGet.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("grade"));

mathGet.setMaxVersions();

Result rs = table.get(mathGet);

NavigableMap>> nMap = rs.getMap(); NavigableMap> columnMap = nMap.get(Bytes.toBytes("grade"));

NavigableMap qualMap = columnMap.get(Bytes.toBytes("math"));

for(Map.Entry m :qualMap.entrySet())

{

System.out.println("TimeStamp:"+m.getKey());

System.out.println("Value:"+ new String(m.getValue()));

}

System.out.println("Delete a column");

Delete deleteArt = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes("Tom"));

deleteArt.deleteColumn(Bytes.toBytes("grade"), Bytes.toBytes("math"));

table.delete(deleteArt);

}

public void testScanner() throws IOException{

HBaseConfiguration config = new HBaseConfiguration();

config.set("hbase.master", "10.192.1.1:60000");

config.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "10.192.1.1");

HTable table = new HTable(config, "commodity");

System.out.println("Scan commodity info");

Scan scanner = new Scan();

scanner.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("widgetname"));

scanner.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("filename"));

scanner.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("description"));

scanner.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("createtime"));

//scanner.setMaxVersions();

//scanner.setMaxVersions(4);

ResultScanner rsScanner = table.getScanner(scanner);

Result rs = rsScanner.next();

for(;null != rs; rs = rsScanner.next()){

System.out.println("rs.getRow()[" + new String(rs.getRow()) + "]");

System.out.println("[" + new String(rs.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("widgetname"))) + "]"); System.out.println("[" + new String(rs.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("filename"))) + "]"); System.out.println("[" + new String(rs.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("description"))) + "]"); String timeStr = new String(rs.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("createtime")));

System.out.println("[" + timeStr + "]");

SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");

try{

Date after = dateFormat.parse(timeStr);

System.out.println(after);

}

catch(Exception exp){

exp.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

public void testGet()throws IOException{

HBaseConfiguration config = new HBaseConfiguration();

config.set("hbase.master", "10.192.1.1:60000");

config.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "10.192.1.1");

HTable table = new HTable(config, "commodity");

Get get = new Get(new String("xxxx.wgt").getBytes());

get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("widgetname"));

get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("filename"));

get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("description"));

get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("createtime"));

get.setMaxVersions(2);

System.out.println("00000000000000");

Result dbResult = table.get(get);

System.out.println("11111111111111");

System.out.println(dbResult.size());

System.out.println("2222222222222222");

System.out.println(new String(dbResult.value()));

System.out.println("3333333333333333");

System.out.println(dbResult.containsColumn(Bytes.toBytes("description"), new byte[]{})); System.out.println("44444444444444444");

System.out.println(dbResult.isEmpty());

System.out.println("55555555555555555");

System.out.println(dbResult.list());

System.out.println("66666666666666666"); System.out.println(dbResult.raw()); System.out.println("77777777777777777"); System.out.println(dbResult.toString()); System.out.println("88888888888888888"); System.out.println(dbResult.raw().clone()); System.out.println("99999999999999999"); }

}

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