2017高考英语短文改错解题技巧指导及练习选编1 Word版含答案

2017高考英语短文改错解题技巧指导及练习选编（附答案）

一.命题原则：遵循5个原则1个陷井。

1. 以改动一词为原则：一般情况，每句至多有2处错误，每处只改动一词。即在错误的词上进行添加，删去，或改动一词。没有错误的句子自然不改。

2. 以改动一个层次为原则：即就原文中的某一个词改动时，要么改变词义，要么改变词性，要么改变形式，不能既改变词义又改变词性或既改变词性又改变词义。

3. 添加或删除词以虚词为主：即需要添加或删除的词一般是冠词，连词，助动词，介词，不定式符号等，而动词，形容词，名词等有实际意义的一般不添加或删除，否则会改变句子的原意。

4. 改变形式以实词为主：对动词，形容词，名词，副词等有实际意义的一般只改变它的形式，很少会将其换成另外的一个词，更不能随意添加或删除，以免导致语篇意义的改变。

5. 句子原意保持不变为原则：即不能改变文章所表达的意思，包括其语气和上下文的逻辑上的关系，只能对短文中的用词错误，语法错误，逻辑错误进行改正。

6. 小心局部通顺陷进：有时孤立地分析某个句子，可能其结构正确，语义通顺，但放到整个语篇中考虑就会发现该句中就存在不合符逻辑的地方，所以此时一定要结合语篇进行全面分析。

二．设错的特点

六个字:错词,多词,缺词. 即错词更正, 缺词添加, 多词删除,只修改一处，标点符号大

小写不变。

三．考点分布

1. 从词法上看, 主要考查:时态,语态,非谓语动词及情态动词的用法,名词,代词的数和格;冠词的基本用法;形容词,副词的比较级;主谓一致;连词和关系词的使用等.

2. 从句法上看,涉及到简单句, 否定句,疑问句,省略,替代等.

3. 从行文逻辑上看,人物的性别及与之相对应的代词,句义的并列与转折,时间的顺序,数

量的增减以及因果的倒置等,都是值得考虑的因素.

四. 解题方法: 整篇理解, 分句解题.

【实战训练题】

1

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2020年高考英语短文改错典型试题专项突破终极版（共10篇）含答案解析 1 A few days before, I saw an interesting program on TV. It was about the problem of the traffic in our cities. It seemed that a great deal of damage had done by traffic. But now our cities are still suffered from riffs problem. Some buildings are actually falling to piece. It is often faster to walk than to go by car or bus, The problem has been getting worse for long time. This is only one problem among thousands others in our cities. All sorts of terrible things have happened with our cities. And the biggest question is “What can we do about it?”Our roads have ever been designed for such a heavy traffic. Key：1．将before改为ago。before用于过去完成时，ago用过去时。2．去掉traf-fic 前的冠词the。traffic指车辆。为不可数名词。3．had后加been。为被动语态。4．suffered 改为suffedng。为进行时。5．pmce改为pmces。fall to pieces倒塌。6．正确。7．在long 之前加。a。for a long time为固定用法。8．在to。thousands后加of。thousands of为惯用法，表示“数千的”。9．将with改为To。happen to为固定用法。10．根据句意将ever改为nevcr。 2 Most Americans don’t like to get advices from melnbers of tbelr famlly. When they are in a trouble and need advice, they write letters for newspapers or magazincs. Most newspapers print letters from readers with problems. Along with the Ietters there have answers written by people who are was first grown in which is now part of the United States. Columbus, Who discovered America, saw the Indians smoking. Soon the drying leaves were transported to Europe where smoking began to catch on. At the late 1800s, the Turks made cigarettes popular. Smoking cigarettes is danger. The US Public Health Service stated that the smoking cigarettes is the reason of lung cancer and several other deadly diseases. The US government now requires that each package of cigarettes bears a special warning against the danger of smoking. Key: 1. 在for后加a。for a long time很久。2. 将that改为which。为非限制性定语从句。 3. which改为that。为名词性从句，“就是在现在美洲的地方”。 4. 正确。 5. drying改为dried。意为“晒干的”。 6. At改为In。在……年代用in。 7. dan-ger改为dangerous。 8. 去掉smoking 前的the。动名词做主语。 9. reason改为cause。reason理由，cause导致……的原因，起因。 10. bears改为bear。require后的宾语从句应用should+动词的虚拟结构，should可省略。 3

2017年高考英语短文改错训练

2017高考英语冲刺训练 短文改错专练 Ⅰ.真题回顾 （2014全国卷Ⅰ） Nearly five years before ,and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes（圣女果）in our back garden, since then---for all these year---we had been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please . As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors .Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problem. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at on cost! （2015全国卷Ⅰ） When I was a child, I hoped to live in the ciyt. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city ,but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out . We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so ,we’ll live to regret it . Ⅱ.模拟训练 (2016皖南八校) When Molly's father was about to work, his daughter Molly, aged 8,hand him a bag.The father was in hurry so he didn't know what was inside. While having lun ch, he took outthe contents: a plastic dinosaur, a tiny sea shell and three small stone. The busy fathersmiled, finished eating, and sweeping the desk clean into the dustbin include Molly's junk.This evening, Molly wanted her bag back because she had not made a note into it: I love you,Daddy. The father went to his office hurried, carrying the junk home. He asked Molly to tellher about the junk. It was turned out that everything in the bag had a story. To Molly theywere not junk and treasures! A Last weekend our school hold a sports meeting. Realizing it wasour last school sports meeting, we decided to make it a unforgettable experience. We first attended the opening ceremony, for whom our class had made a lot of preparations. Much for our excitement, our performance was a success. My classmates took part in various event, such as running, high jump and long jump. Due to the hard training the athletes have done before, their performance was very impressively. My classmates applauded and cheered for the athletes, some raising their cameras to capture the excited moments. The result was announced. Our class won the second place and our efforts were paid off! Cup in hand, we took a picture together proudly. This sports meeting will be a precious memory for all of them as time goes by. B Many of us are familiar to the World Cup, a football competition which is popular among people in almost all nation. Do you know there is another football competition that was well known worldwide? It’s calling the Super Bowl and is held every January in the USA. It is very different from the football we know. However, the more you know about them, the well you will like it. Each year the Super Bowl is played in different American city. This is of great important because it helps make sure that the game is fair. Now the Super Bowl is broadcast on TV all over the world. But if you want to see the Super Bowl lively, you had better to have a lot of money, since the ticket for the game is pretty expensive. C Yesterday my English teacher asked each student write a composition title “The Greatest Achievement of My Life”. I was not sure how to write about it. I’ve thought it over for a long time. I do many things. Coming to America, get a job and meeting new people was my achievements. I think my greatest achievement is learning English. Though sometime I don’t understand everything people ar e saying, but each day I get better and better. I told my teacher this was difficult composition to write. Above all, it is hard to measure everything you have done. D Tom is one of my best friends at high school. We spent a lot of time together every day. We share a lot common. For example, we both work hardly and love sports. Although I am not so smart as her, we both do very well at school. Tom’s favorite subjects is history and Chinese, and he also speaks excellent English. I am used to be bad at English. Thank to his