搜档网
当前位置:搜档网 › (完整版)英语句子成分练习题及答案

(完整版)英语句子成分练习题及答案

(完整版)英语句子成分练习题及答案

1

(完整版)英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解

一、英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解: (一)句子成分 1.主语(subject): 句子说明的人或事物。 主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、分词、主语从句和短语等来担任。 The sun rises in the east.(名词) He likes dancing. (代词) Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. (动名词) To see is to believe. (不定式) What he needs is a book. (主语从句) It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语) 找出下列句中的主语: Jane is good at playing the piano.(名词) She went out in a hurry.(代词) Four plus four is eight.(数词) To see is to believe.(不定式) Smoking is bad for health.(动名词) The young should respect the old.(名词化的形容词)What he has said is true. (句子) 2.谓语(predicate): 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans. 复合谓语:由情态动词或助动词+动词; He can speak English well. She doesn’t seem to like dancing. 找出下列句中的谓语(注:只有动词才可作谓语。): 1. We love China. 2. We have finished reading this book. 3. He can speak English. 4. She seems tired. 3.表语(predicative): 系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。

英语句子成分和英语句子结构

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练 习 主语(subject ):句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east. (名词) Tvventy years is a short time in history.(数词) To see is to believe ? (不定式) It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It 形式主语,主语从句是真正主 语) 谓语(predicate ):说明主语的动作、状态和特 征。 表语(predicative ):系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 Seventy-four! You don' t look it.(代词) Five and five is ten.(数词) He is asleep.(形容词) His father is in. (副词) The picture is on the wall. (介词短语) My v/atch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词) To v/ear a flower is to say " I' m poor, I can' t buy a ring.(不;卫式) The question is v/hether they vnll come. (表语从句) 常见的系动词有: be, sound (听起来),look (看起来),feel (摸起来,smell (闻起来),taste (尝、吃起来), remain (保持,仍是),feel (感觉)??? 宾语: 1) 动作的承受者动宾 I like China.(名词) He hates you.(代词) How many do you need? We need two ?(数词) We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. (动需词) I hope to see you again.(不立式) Did you write dov/n v/hat he said?(宾语从句) 2) 介词后的名词、代词和动名词…介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks ? 3) 双宾语…-间宾(指人)和直宾(指物) He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money. 宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语。 We elected him monitor. (名词) We all think it a pity that she didn' t come here.(名) We will make them happy.(形容词)We found nobody in.(副词) We study English. He is asleep. He likes dancing. Seeing is believing ? What he needs is a book. (代词) (动名词) (主语从 He is a teacher. (名词) It sou nds a good idea ? Her voice sounds sweet ? The food smells delicious. The door remains open. The sou nd sounds stra nge. Tbm looks thin. The food tastes good ? Nov/1 feel tired.

英语句子成分及结构

英语句子成分及结构 (一)句子成分 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。 (二)主语: 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如: During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词)We often speak English in class.(代词) One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词) To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式) Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词) The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词) When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句) It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)(三)谓语 谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下: 1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如:We are students. (四)表语: 表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词VL之后。系动词大致可分为三类:1.be动词类 2.感官类feel / taste / smell / sound/seem / look /appear… 3.变化类become /get / grow / turn/come/go… 4.状态保持类stay/ remain(保持,仍然是)/ keep /prove etc. 表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如: Our teacher of English is an American.(名词) Is it yours?(代词) The weather has turned cold.(形容词) The speech is exciting.(分词) Three times seven is twenty one?(数词) His job is to teach English.(不定式) His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词) The machine must be out of order.(介词短语) Time is up. The class is over.(副词) The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句) (五)宾语 宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如: They went to see an exhibition(展览)yesterday.(名词)

英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型

英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型 一、英语句子成分 根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。其中,主语和谓语是句子的主要成分,一般情况下,一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下: 1. 主语:表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,置于句首。如: It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。 Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。 The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。 2. 谓语:说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征,由动词或动词短语充当,位于主语之后。如: Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。 We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。 3. 表语:表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征,一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当,位于系动词之后,形成英语独有的主系表结构。如: Be careful! 小心! All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。 He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。 4. 宾语:指动作所涉及的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,位于动词之后。如: He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。 She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。 5. 宾语补足语:用来对宾语进行补充和说明,一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。如: He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。 I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。 I found it difficult to refuse him. 我感到很难拒绝他。 6. 定语:对名词或代词进行修饰、限制或说明,一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、非谓语动词及句子等充当,位置可在所修饰的词之前,也可在所修饰的词之后。如: It's an interesting story. 那是一个有趣的故事。 Do you have time to help us? 你有时间帮助我们吗? Who is the woman being operated on? 正在动手术的女人是谁? 7. 状语:用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或整个句子等,一般由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或句子充当。如: We like English very much. 我们非常喜欢英语。 Her uncle lives in Canada. 她叔叔住在加拿大。 She was lying in bed reading. 她躺在床上看书。 United we stand, divided we fall. 团结则存,分裂则亡。 8. 同位语:若两个语法单位指同一个人或事物,并且后者对前者起解释说明的作用,句法功能也一样,那么,后一项称为前一项的同位语。如:This is my friend Harry. 这是我的朋友哈利。 We students should study hard. 我们学生应该努力学习。 Ms Wang, our English teacher, is our good friend. 王女士,即我们的英语老师,是我们的好朋友。 9. 独立成分:与句子其他成分没有通常的语法关系,如插入语、感叹语、呼语等,一般用逗号将它与句子隔开。如: He's a nice person, to be sure. 肯定他是一个好人。 Strange to say, he did pass his exam after all. 说也奇怪,考试他竟然通过了。 二、英语简单句五种基本句式 英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五种基本句式。这五种基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下: S十V 主谓结构 S十V十P 主系表结构 S十V十O 主谓宾结构 S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构 S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构 说明:S=主语; V=谓语; P=表语; O=宾语; O1=间接宾语; O2=直接宾语; C=宾语补足语 五个基本句式详解如下: 1.S十V 句式 在此句式中,V是不及物动词,又叫自动词(vi.)。例如: He runs quickly. 他跑得快。 They listened carefully. 他们听得很仔细。 He suffered from cold and hunger. 他挨冻受饿。 My ink has run out. 我的钢笔水用完了。2.S十V十P 句式 在此句式中,V是系动词(link v.),常见的系动词除了be之外, 还有感官类:look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste,smell; 变化类:become,go,get,grow,turn,fall ill/asleep; 状态类:keep,stay,remain,stand/sit still等。例如: He is older than he looks. 他比看上去要老。 He seen interested in the book. 他似乎对这本书感兴趣。 The story sounds interesting. 这个故事听起来有趣。 The desk feels hard. 书桌摸起来很硬。 The cake tastes nice. 饼尝起来很香。 The flowers smell sweet and nice. 花闻起来香甜。 You have grown taller than before. 你长得比以前高了。 He has suddenly fallen ill. 他突然病倒了。 He stood quite still. 他静静地站看。 He becomes a teacher when he grew up. 他长大后当了教师。 He could never turn traitor to his country. 他永远不会背叛他的祖国。 注意:有些动词同时也是及物动词,可构成SVO句式,例如: He reached his hand to feel the elephant. 他伸出手来摸象。 They are tasting the fish. 他们在品尝鱼。 They grow rice in their home town. 他们在家乡种水稻。 He's got a chair to sit on. 他有椅子坐。 Please turn the sentence into English. 请把这个句于翻译成英语。 3.S十V十O 句式 在此句式中,V是及物动词(vt.),因此有宾语。例如: I saw a film yesterday. 我昨天看了一部电影。 Have you read the story? 你读过这个故事吗? They found their home easily. 他们很容易找到他们的家。 They built a house last year. 他们去年建了一所房子。 They've put up a factory in the village. 他们在村里建了一座工厂。 They have taken good care of the children. 这些孩子他们照看得很好。You should look after your children well. 你应该好好照看你的孩子。 4.S十V十O1十O2 句式 在此句式中,V是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见的须带双宾语的动词有give,ask,bring,offer,send,pay,lend,show,tell,buy,get,而且双宾语还可以借助介词来易位,如:give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb;He gave me a book / a book to me. 他给我一本书。 He brought me a pen / a pen to me. 他带给我一枝钢笔。[来源:学&科&网] He offered me his seat / his seat to me. 他把座位让给我。 注意下列动词后双宾语易位后介词的变化: Mother bought me a book / a book for me. 妈妈给我买了一本书。 He got me a chair / a chair for me. 他给我弄了一把椅子。 Please do me a favor / a favor for me. 请帮我一下。 He asked me a question / a question of me. 他问了我个问题。 注意:英语中还有一部分动词不能直接加双宾语,必须用介词of 引起另一个宾语,如:rob,cure,rid,warn,remind等。 They robbed the old man of his money. 他们抢了老人的钱。 He's warned me of the danger. 他警告我注意危险。 The doctor has cured him of his disease. 医生治好了他的病。 We must rid the house of the rats. 我们必须赶走屋里的老鼠。 This film reminds me of my childhood. 这部电影使我想起了童年。 5.S十V十O十C 句式 在此句式中,V是有宾语补足语的及物动词。常作宾语补足语的词有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词。 常见的可接宾语补足语的动词很多,哪些动词可接哪几种形式作宾补,须根据动词的惯用法而定,不能统而概论。请看下面的例子: You should keep the room clean and tidy. 你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。They made the girl angry. 他们使这个女孩生气了。 We made him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。(名词) His father told him not to play in the street.他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩。(不定式) My father likes to watch the boys playing basketball. (现在分词) Yesterday I had a picture taken with two Americans. (过去分词) 常接to do作宾补的动词有: tell, ask, advise, help, want, would like, order, force, allow等。 注意:动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时,必须省略to,但在被动语态中不能省略。如:The boss made him do the work all day. 老板让他整天做那项工作。 He was made to do the work all day. I heard her sing in the next room last night. 昨天晚上我听见她在隔壁唱歌了. She was heard to sing in the next room last night.

英语句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解及练习

英语句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解及练习 一、句子的基本结构(5种) 1、主语+谓语(s+v) 2、主语+系动词+表语(s+l+p) 3、主语+谓语+宾语(s+v+o) 4、主语+谓语+间接宾语(指人)+直接宾语(指物) (s+v+io+do) 5、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(s+v+o+c) 二、句子成分:(主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补、同位语、插足语) 1. 主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east () He likes dancing. () Twenty years is a short time in history. ( ) Seeing is believing. () To see is to believe.() What he needs is a book.() It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.() (一)指出下列句中主语的中心词 ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficu lt. 2. 谓语(predicate):是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为或状态,常用动词或者动词词 组担任,放在主语的后面。We study English. He is asleep. (二). 选出句中谓语的中心词 ① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.

英语句子成分和英语句子结构

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习 主语(subject): 句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east. (名词)He likes dancing. (代词)Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. (动名词) To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book. (主语从句) It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)谓语(predicate): 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 We study English. He is asleep. 表语(predicative): 系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 He is a teacher. (名词) Seventy-four! You don’t look it. (代词) Five and five is ten. (数词) He is asleep. (形容词) His father is in. (副词)The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语) My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词) To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. (不定式) The question is whether they will come. (表语从句) 常见的系动词有: be, sound(听起来), look(看起来), feel(摸起来,smell(闻起来), taste(尝、吃起来), remain(保持,仍是), feel(感觉)... It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange. Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin. The food smells delicious. The food tastes good. The door remains open. Now I feel tired. 宾语: 1)动作的承受者-----动宾 I like China. (名词)He hates you. (代词) How many do you need? We need two. (数词) We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. (动名词) I hope to see you again. (不定式)Did you write down what he said? (宾语从句) 2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3)双宾语-----间宾(指人)和直宾(指物) He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money. 宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语。 We elected him monitor. (名词)We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. (名)We will make them happy. (形容词)We found nobody in. ( 副词) Please make yourself at home. 介词短语)Don’t let him do that. (省to不定式) His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. (带to不定式) Don’t keep the lights burning. (现在分词)I’ll have my bike repaired. (过去分词)

英语句子成分及结构专题

一、句子成分(Members of a Sentence) 英语的句子成分主要有六种:即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。(可以熟记为:主谓宾,定状补)除了这六种主要成分之外,还有“表语”、“同位语”和“独立成分”的说法。但表语和系动词一起作谓语,因此划分成分时,划分在谓语上。同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语,属于主语或宾语的一部分。独立成分与句子的其他成分没有语法上的联系,能用作独立成分的有:感叹词、呼语和插入语。 1.主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,通常由名词性的词来充当。可以作主语的词性或语法结构有:①名词②代词③数词④名词化的形容词(如the rich)⑤不定式⑥动名词⑦主语从句等表示。例如:Tom is a clever boy.(专有名词人名作主语) 画出句子的主语,并说明其构成方式: ①During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. ①We often speak English in class. ①One-third of the students in this class are girls. ①To swim in the river is a great pleasure. ①Smoking does harm to the health. ①The rich should help the poor. ①When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. ①It is necessary to master a foreign language. ①That he isn’t at home is not true. 正确运用主语的各种形式

英语句子成分和句子结构讲解及练习

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习 简单句的五个基本句型 主语+不及物动词She came.. 主语+及物动词+宾语She likes English. 主语+系动词+主语补语 She is happy. 主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 She gave John a book. She bought a book for me. 主语+动词+宾语+宾语补语 She makes her mother angry. The teacher asked me to read the passage. (There +be There lies a book on the desk. 主谓宾 名/代--动词--名/代 we-- saw --you. we-- did --the work. 主系表 名/代-系动词-形容次/名词/代词 you are beautiful you seems worried. you are a stufent. 相同点都三部分,主语也一样.不同动词和系动词,时态一样,否定式不同.动词加助动词,系动词不用.表语可以是形容词,宾语不行.只有宾语有补足语 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种: 主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。 如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。 如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。 如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如: Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。 如:He works hard .(他工作努力)

初中英语句子成分及其五种基本结构

句子的成分 1 句子的成分 组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。句子成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。主语和谓语是句子主体部分(在英文中一般的句子必须有主语和谓语)。表语、宾语和宾语补足语是谓语里的组成部分。其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。下面我们分别讲述一下句子的各个成分: 1 主语 主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。 We study in No.1 Middle School.(讲述“谁”~) The classroom is very clean. (讲述“什么”很干净) Three were absent.(数词作主语) To teach them English is my job. (不定式作主语) 注意 不定式作主语时,常用形式主语it句型,因此左例可变为It is my job to teach them English. (真正的主语是to teach them English.) 2 谓语 说明主语“做什么”,“是什么”或“怎么样”。 谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)必须用动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。它在主语后面。His Parents are doctors. (系动词作谓语) She looks well.(系动词作谓语) We study hard.(实义动词作谓语) He can speak English. (情态动词和实义动词作谓语) 3 表语 表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任。它的位置在系动词后面。 You look younger than before.(形容词作表语) I am a teacher.(名词作表语) Everybody is here.(副词作表语) They are at home now.(介词短语作表语) My job is to teach them English.(不定式作表语) 4 ,宾语 宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么,在谓语之后。 She is playing the piano now.(名词作宾语) He often helps me.(代词作宾语)

英语句子成分和句子结构分析

英语句子成分和句子结 构分析 Company Document number:WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT

英语句子成分和句子结构分析语法讲解1 认识语法 一、英语语法分为两大部分 词法(微观遣词);句法(宏观造句) 01词法(微观遣词) 1.实词:有实际意义的词。 名词n.:表事物名称 动词vi./vt.:行为,动态。 vi.不及物动词,本身可以表达完整意义,后面不需要带宾语 vt.及物动词,本身无法表达完整意义,后面必须带宾语 形容词adj.:修饰n. 副词adv.:修饰v./adj.或者句子中其他adv或者整个句子 代词Pron.:代替n. 数词num.:表数量(基数词),表顺序(序数词) 2.虚词:没有实际意义的词。 介词prep.:说明词与词之间的关系 连词conj.:说明句子与句子之间的关系 冠词art.:在n.前,限定n. 感叹词int.:表达感叹 02句法(宏观造句) 1.句子的成分 2.句子结构 3.句子的变化 4.句子的功能 5.句子的类型:简单句,并列句,复合句 6.复合句:名词性从句,定语从句,状语从句 二、语法四大原则 1.词性决定词用 2.同类同用 同种类型的词,用法相同,越细分,越一致 3.动词即句魂 句子里最重要的是谓语,谓语部分最重要的就是动词 4.举一反三 由表及里,发掘句子结构,归属;认识句子本质,由点及面,放大到句群。语法精讲2 句子的成分 主体:主语,谓语,宾语,表语

次体:定语,状语,补语,同位语 主语:一个句子的主体,是全句述说的对象。常由名词,代词或相当于名词或代词的词担任,一般放在句首。 The sun(名词n.) rises in the east. W e(代词pron.) are friends T wenty years(数词num.) is a short time in history. S eeing(动名词) is believing T o be a teacher(不定式)is my dream W hat he needs(句子)is a book 主语从句 I t(形式主语)is time to go home(真正的主语)形式主语是为保持 句子平衡 谓语:表示主语的行为或状态,常用动词或动词词组担任,放在主语的后面W e study(实意动词)English! I can(情态动词)do it! I don’t(助动词)know! H e is(系动词)asleep. 宾语:表示谓语行为的对象,常由名词,代词或相当于名词的词担任,一般放在及物动词或者介词之后。 I play with him(代词) I like china(名词) H ow many do you need——we need two(数词) I enjoy working with you(动名词) I hope to see you again(不定式) D id you write downwhat he said(句子) U nder the snow(介宾短语),there are many rocks. H e gave me(间接宾语)a book(直接宾语) yesterday 表语:用来说明主语的性质或状态,一般由名词或者形容词担任。凡是系动词(be 动词,感官动词等)出现的地方,后面必定带着表语 He is a teacher(名词) Seventy-four !you don’t look it(代词) F ive and five is ten(数词) H e is asleep(形容词) T his picture is on the wall(介词短语) M y watch is missing/lost (形容词化的分词) T o wear a flower is to say“ I’m poor ,I can’t buy a ring”(不定式) T he question is whether they will come(句子) 语法精讲3 定语:用来修饰或者限制名词的成分,常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或者从句担任,形容词放在名词前面。相当于形容词的短语或者从句放在名词后面。 H e is a clever boy T his is an apple tree

英语句子成分分析80360

英语句子成分讲座· 1.主语 句子一般要有主语。在简单句中,主语一般由名词、代词、或动词(短语) 来充当。、动词作主语时通常用it 作形式主语。 ■名词作主语 English is very important. 英语是很重要的。 The students all love their English teacher. 这些学生都爱他们的英语老师。 ■代词作主语 They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学。 ■作主语 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。 It’s no use regretting it. 后悔是无用的。 ■动词(短语)作主语 To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 It is very hard to get to sleep. 入睡很难。 2.谓语 谓语必须由动词充当,但动词、、分词为非谓语动词不能作谓语。可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和(表状态),行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语,又可分为和。 ■作谓语 We should help each other. 我们应该互相帮助。

They respect one another. 他们互相尊重(对方)。 All of the students like the novel. 所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。 Did you see many people there? 你在那儿看见许多人了吗? ■作谓语 He left here yesterday. 他昨天离开这儿。 You’re driving too fast. 你开车开得太快了。 The teacher came in, book in hand. 老师走进教室,手里拿着书。 He went abroad in the September of 1988. 他于____年9月出国。 ■连系动词表状态 He is an excellent teacher. 他是位优秀的教师。 Her son is a friend of ours. 她的儿子是我们的朋友。 Ours is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。 The box itself is not so heavy. 箱子本身并不重。 3.表语 表语与连系动词连用,构成,说明主语的身份或特征,一般由形容词、名词、、动词、分词等充当。如: They are brother and sister. 他们是兄妹。 What I want to say is this. 我想说的就是这点。 Her father is sixty-five. 她父亲65岁。 John is captain of the team. 约翰是足球队的队长。 The poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。

英语句子成分与结构教案

目标满分班名师培优精讲 第1 讲 【教学标题】 英语句子成分 【教学目标】 让学生完全掌握英语句子的成分问题,使学生能够更好的理解句子结构 【教学重点】 1.句子成分的划分 2.句子的主要成分 3.句子的次要成分 4.作各个成分相应的词性 【教学难点】 1.句子的主要成分 2.状语的识别 3.定语的识别 4.宾语补足语 【教学内容】 句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 句子成分有主要成分和次要成分:主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。 A.主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。 一句话语法: 主语由名词性的词来充当.

例如: During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词) The students all love their English teacher. We often speak English in class.(代词) They go to school by bus. One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词) To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式) To see is to believe. Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词) Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. It’s no use regretting it. The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词) When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句) It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)B.谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。注意动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语,不能作谓语。 一句话语法: 谓语由动词充当。 有很多同学在写作的时候容易犯的错误就是要么乱用be动词,要么句子没有谓语动词. 1、可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和连系动词(表状态),行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语,又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。 (1)、及物动词作谓语 We should help each other.

相关主题