高考英语倒装句语法

高考英语语法倒装结构

为了强调或平衡句子结构，英语中常用倒装。倒装有全部倒装和部分倒装。

(1) 全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。e.g. At the bottom of the bed was the stocking.

(2) 部分倒装（半倒装）是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did等,并将其置于主语之前。e.g. Were I you, I wouldn’t give up.

一全部倒装

（全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。）常见的结构有：

1. here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。例如：

1) There goes the bell.铃声渐渐消失了。

2) Then came the chairman.然后主席就来了

3) Here is your letter.这是你的信。

2. 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。例如：

1) Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.轰炸机下面发出了一颗导弹。

2) Ahead sat an old woman.

注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如：

1) Here he comes. 他来了。

2) Away they went.他们走了。

二部分倒装

（部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。）1.句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no

way, not until…等。例如：

1) Never have I seen such a performance. 我从来没看过这样的表演。

2) Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.你在哪儿都不会找到这个

问题的答案。

3) Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.妈妈直到孩子睡

着才离开房间。

注意：当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。

注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如：

1) I have never seen such a performance.我从来没看过这样的表演。

2) The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.妈妈直到孩子睡着才离开房间。

2.带有否定意义的词放在句首，语序需要部分倒装。常见的词语有：not , never , seldom , scarcely , barely , little , at no time , not only , not once , under on condition , hardly …when , no sooner …than …等。例如：

1) Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.他不仅拒收

了礼品，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。

2) Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚要出门时有个学

生来找她。

3) No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.她刚要走时一个学

生来看她。

注意：只有当Not only…but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only…but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。例如：Not only you but also I am fond of music.我和你都喜欢音乐。

3.表示"也"、"也不" 的so, neither, nor放在句首时，句子作部分倒装。例如：

1) Tom can speak French. So can Jack.Tom能说法语，我也能。

2) If you won't go, neither will I.如果你不去，我也不去。

注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。例如：

1) Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. Tom让我去踢足球，我去了。

2) ---It's raining hard.---So it is.---雨下得很大。---的确很大。

4.only放在句首，强调状语（副词，介词短语或状语从句等），全句语序要部分倒装。例如：

Only in this way, can you learn English well.你只有用这种方法才能学好英语。

Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.他被请了三次才来开会。注意：如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装

Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed. 他只有病得非常严重时才会卧床休息。

三as, though 引导的倒装句

as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义

动词提前）。此时应注意：1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词；2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。

例如：Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.尽管他愿意努力工作，但是他好像从来都不能令他的工作満意。

注意:让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是though 和yet可连用。

四其他部分倒装

1. so…that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。例如：

So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.他害怕得动都不敢动。

2.在某些表示祝愿的句型中，例如：

May you all be happy.望大家开心愉快。

3.在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如：

Were I you, I would try it again.如果我是你，我就再试一次。

高考英语语法倒装知识巩固

I.全部倒装

1.在表示方向、地点的副词或某些介词词组开头的句子

副词如：there, here, out, in, up, down, away, in front of, now, then, off等

介词短语如：south of the city, to the north of the city等

e.g.：There goes the bell.铃响了。

Away went the boy. In front of the house was a small garden.

From the window came the sound of music.

At the bottom of the bed was the stocking.

Off the bike fell the overjoyed boy.

Under the tree stands a boy. =A boy is standing under the tree.

（倒装时现在进行时变一般现在时）

注意：但是如果主语是人称代词（I,you,he she,it,they,we）主语和谓语顺序不变，也就是半倒装。

e.g.：Here it is. Here you are. Away he went. Up went the rocket. Up it went.

2. 表语(adj./ 分词)置句首（当句子主语部分较长，谓语部分较短，或为了强调句子的表语时,常使用全部倒装。句子的结构为“表语+系动词+主语”）

e.g.：Present at the meeting were XX and XX.

Gone are the days when we were young.

II.部分倒装

1.含有否定意义的词语在句首否定词有never, not, not only, little, seldom, hardly, few, nowhere, scarcely, neither, nor, no longer, not until, not once, in no way, in no case, at no time, no sooner than, hardly when等等。

特别注意：in no time 的意思是马上，不含否定意思，因此它置句首句子不倒装！！！

e.g.：Not only was there no electricity, but (also) no water.

Not only does he do well in his lessons, but also he often helps others with their lessons.

Not until he left home did he begin to realize the importance of family.(not...until句型的倒装)

Seldom do I get up at five in the morning.

Never will he forget his first time to take a plane.

Hardly had I got out of the house when it began to rain.

2. Only修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句置句首时

e.g.：(1) Only then did I begin my work.

Only then did I know the importance of English.

(2) Only in this way can you make progress in your English.

Only in this way can you learn from your friends.

(3) Only when he told me the news did I know what had happened.

Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information.

3. as取代though的让步状语从句，引起的句子成分提前(adj./adv./n./v.)

e.g.1（表语提前）：Proud as the nobles are, they are afraid to see me.

e.g.2（表语提前，去掉a）：Child as he is, he can tell right from wrong.

e.g.3（状语提前）：Hard as you try, you will not succeed.

e.g.4（谓语提前，可保留情态动词）：Wait as you may, he will not see you.

4. 虚拟条件从句省略if时（只有if后面跟should,had,were时可省略if）

e.g.：(1) Had he known my address, he would have visited me earlier.

Had Mark invited me I would have been glad to come.

(2) Should I meet Jay Chou some day, I might tell him that I like him.

Should you need more information,please let me know.

(3) Were I you, I would get on well with my teachers and classmates.

5. so,neither,nor引起的句子，表示前面的情况也适合另一人或同一人的另一情况时。

e.g.：My sister enjoys traveling. So do I. / I don't know and nor do I care.

前后的谓语要保持时态一致。如果前面主句中既有谓语动词又有系动词，或者一半肯定一半否定，则用句子So it is/was with sb.

6. 在so/such...that...结构中，so/such放句首时

e.g.：So proud was he that he never listened to any advice.

So bright was the moon that the flowers seem as bright as by day.

So excited was she that she didn’t know what to say.

Such a kind person was he that he never refused to help others.

So fast did he run that we can’t catch him.

倒装句练习题目

1.No sooner _________Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into

thunderous applause.

2.Between rows of trees_________ (stand) a new building, which is supposed to be our new library and electronic reading room.

3.Only with the greatest of luck_________she manage to escape from the rising flood water last year.

4.So sweet _________her voice sound on the phone that I could hardly recognize it.

5.Present at the party last night _________ (be) Mr Green and many other guests.

6．Such great progress_________he made that he was praised.

7..The moment the bell rang，out _________ (rush) the children.

8.Not only _________ help be given(give) to the disabled to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for those who need it.

9. _________he caught the morning train，he would not have been late for the meeting.

10. _________it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.

11.Not until I caught sight of my teacher in the crowd_________I calm down.

12. Hardly _________ I think it possible to finish the job before dark.

13. Under no circumstances _________ we give up.

倒装句思维导图

倒装句参考答案

1.No sooner had Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.

（半倒装）

2.Between rows of trees stands(stand) a new building, which is supposed to be our new library and electronic reading room.

（全倒装）

3.Only with the greatest of luck did she manage to escape from the rising flood water last year.

（半倒装）

4.So sweet did her voice sound on the phone that I could hardly recognize it.

（半倒装）

5.Present at the party last night were(be) Mr Green and many other guests. （半倒装）

6．Such great progress had he made that he was praised. （半倒装）

7..The moment the bell rang，out rushed(rush) the children. （全倒装）

8.Not only will help be given(give) to the disabled to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for those who need it. （半倒装）

9.Had he caught the morning train，he would not have been late for the meeting. （半倒装）

10.___Were it____ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty. （半倒装）

11.Not until I caught sight of my teacher in the crowd did I calm down. （半倒装）

12. Hardly do I thinkit possible to finish the job before dark.（半倒装）

13. Under no circumstances shall we give up.（半倒装）