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定时训练(20)

专题特训(阅读理解)

Passage 1

Watching online open classes of US top universities has become necessary for many young Chinese who find it a shortcut to make their life more meaningful，in addition to learning knowledge and language.

Guo Lei，a native of Guangzhou，has become addicted to various open courses after she watched the online video of “Justice：What's the right thing to do.”The video clip was taken during an open class taught by Michael Sandel，professor of philosophy at Harvard University.

Sandel set up a situation in which a high？speed train with a technical problem is running towards five people who are working on the current track，while there is only one worker on the adjacent(相邻的)track.He inspired students to discuss what the driver should do—to change the direction for five lives—which apparently will kill the other—or to do nothing and allow five people to die.

Guo said she was immediately attracted by the topic and the discussion of the Harvard students about morality and justice.She even introduced the case to her colleagues for discussion，since Sandel did not give an answer，unlike most Chinese teachers she knew before.

The inspiring and lively teaching style of American professors refreshed Guo's impression about the traditional score？oriented Chinese educational system and prompted more Chinese to frequently search and watch open class resources of American top colleges，including Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)and University of California Berkeley.

On China's social networking websites，such as https://www.sodocs.net/doc/be18143851.html,，https://www.sodocs.net/doc/be18143851.html, and https://www.sodocs.net/doc/be18143851.html,，netizens have spontaneously formed many study groups to share video resources and exchange opinions.Volunteers have added English or Chinese subtitles onto the videos to help more Chinese enjoy the videos without language difficulties.

“The popularity of American open classes reflects the spirit of sharing，”said Yu Xinke，Vice chancellor with the Continuous Education School of South China University of Technology.

1．If the train driver changes the current track，how many people will be killed？(No more than 1 word)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案One.

2．Why can Chinese have no difficulty enjoying the foreign class videos？(No more than 10 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案V olunteers have added English or Chinese subtitles onto the videos.

3．Besides knowledge and language，list three other things Chinese can learn from watching such foreign online class？(No more than 15 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案① The truth of meaningful life/what makes life more meaningful

②The inspiring and lively teaching style

③The spirit of sharing

4．What is the main idea of this passage？(No more than 10 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案American classes have many online Chinese fans./American/Foreign online open classes became popular among Chinese./Watching American online open classes has become necessary among Chinese.

Passage 2

Now let us look at how we read.When we read a printed text，our eyes move across a page in short，jerky movement.We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate.Each time they fixate，we see a group of words.This is known as the recognition span or the visual span(视幅)．The length of time of which the eyes stop－the duration of the fixation－varies considerably from person to person.It also varies within any person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text.Furthermore，it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness.

Unfortunately，in the past，many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page.As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading，numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation.For instance，in some exercises，words are flashed on to a screen for，say，a tenth or a twentieth of a second.One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point，taking in the words on either side.Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation.All these exercises are very clever，but it's one thing to improve a person's ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words.Consequently，for these reasons，many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training，especially since any approach which trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text.

1．Show at least three facts which can affect the time of the recognition span.(No more than 14 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案Different people./One's familiarity with the text./One's purpose of reading./Lighting and tiredness.

2．What does reading require according to the writer？(No more than 8 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案The ability to understand the relationship between words.

3．What is the attitude of the author towards reading improvement courses mentioned in the passage？(No more than 1 word)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案Critical.

4．What will the writer probably talk about next？(No more than 12 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案Effective ways of training students to read a continuous text.

Passage 3

When I opened my e－mail the other day，a pretty woman named Rachel appeared on my

computer screen.She greeted me by name and started talking with great enthusiasm.Every now and then she stopped to smile at me or blow a kiss.She was reading me an e－mail from my brother，and a lot of it was about his getting the phone company to give him a high－speed Internet connection.It was pretty cool.

Rachel was there thanks to a new technology called Facemail.Facemail lets you send e－mail that can read mails to the receiver by an attractive male or female or by a clown.The software，which is free，can be downloaded at https://www.sodocs.net/doc/be18143851.html,.

Facemail faces are lifelike，and they copy emotions based on the ones that you put in your text.For example，type in X，and Rachel blows a kiss.Life FX，the company that develops the Facemail is sure there are broad business uses.The reason that e－business is not popular，the company says，is that buying over the Internet lacks the human touch.But what if you went to the Nike website and Michael Jordan greeted you by name，waited on you and personally closed the sale？Besides，the company is talking with Whirlpool company about the technology in a computer screen on a fridge.Then if Mom can't be at home when the kids get back from school，she can leave a note with voice and image telling them what there is to eat.

Facemail could get hot fast.Personally，I am a fan.But Facemail should be used with words in an e－mail and add angry emotions when you've got junk mails.

1．What is the function of the first paragraph？(No more than 8 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案To serve as an introduction to the topic./To give a detailed description of Facemail.

2．How can we get the software free？(No more than 7 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案It can be downloaded at https://www.sodocs.net/doc/be18143851.html,.

3．Why cannot the e－business become popular？(No more than 10 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案Because buying over the Internet lacks the human touch.

4．What is the passage mainly about？(No more than 6 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案 A new technology called Facemail./Facemail.

Passage 4

As a young girl growing up in the 1930s，I always wanted to fly a plane，but back then it was almost unheard of for a woman to do that.I got a taste of that dream in 2001，when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday.But the experience turned out to be very dull.Around that time，I told my husband that I wanted to skydive.So when our retirement community announced that they were having an essay competition and the topic was an experience of a lifetime that you wanted to have，I decided to write about my dream.

In the essay，I wrote about my desire to skydive，stating George Brush Sr.did it at age 80.Why not me？I was just 84 and in pretty good health.A year went by and I heard nothing.But then at a community party in late April 2009，they announced that I was one of the winners.I just couldn't believe it.Inspired by this，I decided to realize my dream，even though some of my family members and my doctor were against it.

On June 11，2009，nearly 40 of my family and friends gathered in the area close to where I would land while I headed up in the airplane.My instructor，Jay，guided me through the

experience.The plane was the noisiest one I had ever been in，but I wasn't frightened—I was really just looking forward to the experience.When we reached 13，000 feet，Jay instructed me to throw myself out of the plane.When we first hit the air，the wind was so strong that I could hardly breathe.For a second I thought，“What have I gotten myself into？”It was scary.But then everything got calmer.We were in a free fall for about a minute before Jay opened the parachute(降落伞)，then we just floated downward for about five minutes.Being up in the clouds and looking at the view below was unlike anything I have ever felt—much better than the hot air balloon.I was just enjoying it.

Skydiving was really one of the greatest experiences of my life.I hope other people will look at me and realize that you don't stop living just because you are 84 years old.If there's something you want to experience，look into it.If it's something that is possible，make it happen.

1．What was the old lady's dream？(No more than 4 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案To fly a plane./To skydive.

2．How did the author feel immediately after she jumped out of the plane？(No more than 3 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案She felt regretful./She felt scared./She felt nervous.

3．What did the author enjoy most when she was skydiving？(No more than 11 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案Being up in the clouds and looking at the view below.

4．What lesson can we learn from the 84－year－old lady's success story？(No more than 12 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案It's never too late to realize your dream./If there's something you want to experience，look into it./If it's something that is possible，make it happen.

Passage 5

Tom Heaffey，a bright 18－year－old man，has just graduated from middle school.Yet just three years ago，he was actually predicted to fail his exams.

Remarkably，his life has been changed by a pair of blue glasses，which have enabled him to read properly for the first time.

Tom suffers from visual stress.Without glasses，when he looks at a printed page，the text appeared to be unclear and distorted(失真的)．Other symptoms include headaches.

When Tom was a child，his mother Sarah knew he was performing badly at school.

“He used to say the words were jumping.Eye tests showed his sight was normal，so his teachers concluded he was a slower learner.”

“Trying to read was tiring and gave me headaches，so I couldn't concentrate for long，”recalls Tom.

It was not until three years ago that he was diagnosed with visual stress.

According to Arnold Wilkins，professor of Essex University，the condition is a result of the neurons(神经元)in the visual part of the brain.

“Different neurons in the brain react to different colors，”explains Prof.Wilkins.“We discovered that using colored lenses(透镜)reduces the overactivity of these neurons.”

As a patient will respond differently to each color，Prof.Wilkins developed the Intuitive Colorimeter，a testing device that diagnoses the exact color an individual needs.

Patients are asked to read the text on a machine that can cause 110，000 different colors.The correct shade will allow the patient to read clearly.This information is used to make the right color of colored lens.

Tom's lenses are blue.When he first put on his glasses，he felt emotional.“Suddenly，when I looked at a book，I could see how I should always have been able to see.”

By doing three hours of extra work after school every night，Tom passed ten examinations，with one A and three Bs.“Mum cried when I got my results，”he says.

1．What are the symptoms of visual stress？(No more than 7 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案Unclear and distorted sight and headaches.

2．How do colored lenses deal with visual stress？(No more than 15 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案By reducing the overactivity of the neurons in the visual part of the brain.

3．What is the use of the Intuitive Colorimeter？(No more than 8 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案Diagnosing the exact color an individual needs.

4．According to the last paragraph，why could Tom pass his examinations successfully？(No more than 9 words)

________________________________________________________________________ 答案Because he studied for three hours every night.

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