托福综合写作例文解析TPO 05

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托福综合写作例文解析TPO 05

摘要：托福综合写作例文解析TPO 05，针对托福写作考试综合写作部分，掌握的不牢靠的托福考生，小编为各位归纳整理了托福综合写作例文解析，希望能够帮助各位考生提高托福综合写作部分的成绩。

托福综合写作例文解析主要是解读一篇篇典型的阅读材料，从背景材料中提取主要的观点，然后从观点中抽出方法，之后解析文章结构，从而找到综合写作的方法。并且解构每篇阅读材料都会附上一篇范文。非常的详细到位，希望各位考生认真浏览，仔细把握。

TPO 05

阅读材料：

As early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their “great houses,” massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories.

早在 12 世纪，美国西南部墨西哥地区查科峡谷的居民就以他们的“巨屋”而闻名。这种石质材料建成的“巨屋”包好有数百个房间，而且通常有三到四层高。很多考古学家都试图解释这些建筑的用途。尽管业界尚未达成一致，但现在有三个比较有竞争力的理论。

One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well---known “apartment buildings” at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.

一个理论认为这些巨屋是单纯用来居住的，每个可以容纳数百人。持有这种理论的人解释说查科巨屋同时间较近的一些西南族群早期建筑的雏形。尤其值得一提的是，查科的这些建筑同新墨西哥陶斯镇著名的“寓所式建筑”非常相似。这些寓所式建筑供很多人居住了数个世纪。

A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were used to store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as long---lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.

第二个理论认为查科建筑是用来储存食物的。查科人的主食之一是玉米。玉米可以不宜变质，可长期储存，因此可以作为长期的食物来源。这些玉米一定是要储存在某个地方的。而巨屋的规模非常适合作为储存地。

A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots.

第三个理论认为这些房屋是用来作祭司中心的。离一个巨屋不远的地方有个阿尔托村庄，考古学家在那里发

现了一个由古代材料堆积成的山包。对这个山包挖掘后发现了大量破碎罐。

This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.

这个发现佐证了人们聚集到巨屋是为了某种祭祀。在祭祀中他们使用节日佳肴，然后把做饭和盛食物的器皿

抛弃。而这样的祭祀活动在其他美洲土著文化中有所记载。

阅读部分需要提取的观点是：

这篇文章从结构和内容上看，都比较和谐。但是，考古学的内容可能比较陌生，但是，更多是心理战的成分。

--- Main point: 查科峡谷巨屋的用途

--- Sub point 1:居住

--- Sub point 2:储存玉米

--- Sub point 3:祭祀

听力材料：

在听力部分，我们可以预测到的就是这三个理论都不成立，那么究竟是什么原因不成立呢? 我们来听听：

Unfortunately none of the arguments about what the Chaco great houses were used for is convincing.

很遗憾，关于查科峡谷巨屋用途的三个理论，都不具有说服力。

First, sure, from the outside, the great houses look like later and Native American apartment buildings. But the inside of the great houses casts serious doubt on the idea that many people lived there. I’ll explain. If hundreds of people

were living in the great houses, then there would have to be many fireplaces, where each family did its daily cooking,

but there are very few fireplaces. In one of the largest great houses, there were fireplaces for only around ten families. Yet there were enough rooms in the great house for more than a hundred families, so the primary function of the houses couldn’t have been residential.

首先，当然从外部卡莱，这些巨屋同之后出现的美洲土著居住建筑很相似。但是巨屋的内部构造却反驳着居

住说观点。我来解释一下。如果真有数百人居住与此，那么一定有很多灶火坑以便每家都可以用来做饭。但事

实上巨屋里只有很少很少的灶火坑。在其中最大的一个巨屋里，存在的灶火坑只够十家人使用。然而，存在的

空间却可以供一百家人居住。所以，巨屋的主要功能不可能是居住。

Second, the idea that the great houses were used to store grain maize is unsupported by evidence. It may sound plausible that large empty rooms were used for storage, but excavations of the great houses have not uncovered many traces of maize or maize containers. If the gre at houses were used for storage, why isn’t there more spilled maize on

the floor? Why aren’t there more remains of big containers?