2010-2013年考研翻译答案

2010年

（46) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them

翻译：科学家们匆匆赶来救援，但证据是明显站不住脚的。大意就是，如果鸟不能控制这些虫子，虫子就会吃光一切。

解析：

1.句子主干为Scientist jump to the rescue. With引导jump的伴随状语，to the effect that 是evidence的同位语从句。If从句是该同位语从句中的条件状语从句。

2.Jump to sth表示“匆匆......”, 例如jump to a conclusion表示“匆匆得出结论”； to the effect that 是固定搭配，表示“大意是...”

(47) but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.

翻译：但是，我们至少比较一致的认可这样一种观点，即：无论鸟类对我们是否具有经济价值，他们都应该继续享有其固有的生物权利。

解析：

1.句子主干是We have drawn near the point；Of admitting是介词短语做定语，修饰point，；之后的that...是admit的宾语从句；regardless of ...是作让步状语。

2.draw near the point of，意为“接近......”, as a matter of, 意为“作为......”, regardless of,意为，“不管，不顾”，引导让步状语。

(48) Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless species”.

翻译：生物学家们曾一度滥用这个证据：这些生物通过残杀弱者来维持生物链条的健康发展，或者只是捕食“无价值的物种”。

解析：

1.句子主干是“Time was when ...”. when引导表语从句，两个that从句是evidence 的并列同位语从句

2.Time was when，意为“曾经，从前”，prey on，意为“捕食”

(49) In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the

Non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.

翻译：欧洲的林业生态发展比较先进。，那些没有商业价值的树种被视为原始森林群落的成员而被合理保护。

解析：

1.句子主干是the Non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community；Where引导定语从句修饰Europe，充当句子的地点状语。

2.be recognized as意为，“被看做”； within reason，意为“合情合理的”(50) It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.

翻译：这样的体系容易忽视、并最终灭绝了生物群落中的许多元素。然而这些元素虽然缺少商业价值，但对整个群落的健康运动却至关重要。

解析：

1.句子主干是It tends to ignore and to eliminate...；两个that分别引导定语从句修饰elements，意义上为转折关系。

2.Tend to do sth.意为“倾向于做某事”; be essential to sth，意为“对......必要的”

2011年考研英语真题英译汉翻译

46.Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share---that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts---and reveal its erroneous nature。

【考查分析】本题考点：同位语从句，定语从句

【答案解析】本句的主干是Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption and reveal its erroneous nature。破折号后面的that引导同位语从句，对前面的assumption解释说明。We all share是定语从句，修饰assumption。

【参考译文】我们每个人都认为：自己不是机器人，因此能够控制自己的思想；爱伦的贡献在于他研究了这一假说，并揭示其错误的本质。

47.While we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that?”

【考查分析】本题考点：状语从句

【答案解析】本句结构特别清晰，主干是While we may be able to sustain …. ,we are faced with a question…。while引导让步状语从句，后面“Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that?”是question 的具体内容。本句采用顺译法。

【参考译文】我们或许只通过意识就能维持这种控制的幻觉，但事实上，我们却总是面临一个问题：我们为什么不能让自己去做这件事情，实现那个目标呢？

48.This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom。

【考查分析】本题考点：省略、介词短语、复杂表语

【答案解析】本句的主体结构为：This seems a justification and a rationalization。本句的难点在于运用很多介词短语作后臵定语，介词短语套介词短语，使得宾语非常复杂。“for neglect of those in need”修饰“justification”、“of exploration”、“of the superiority”“of the inferiority”修饰rationalization。而“of those at the top”和“of those at the bottom”又分别修饰superiority和inferiority。

【参考译文】这种说法似乎为忽视需要帮助的人找到了借口，使剥削合理化，令上层人优越，底层人卑微。

49.circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us, and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation。

【考查分析】本题考点：并列从句，定语从句。

【答案解析】本句主体结构是：circumstances seem to be designed to…., and if we feel that… then we are unlikely to…“环境好像是为…,而设计，如果我们感受到…,我们就不可能…”；“bring out”是产生、使…显示出来；“wronged”是“被冤枉，被委屈”的意思，“be (un)likely to do” (不) 可能做某事；

【参考译文】环境似乎旨在激发我们的最大潜能，如果我们总感觉“上天不公”，那么不太可能会自觉地努力脱离现状。

50.The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possible.

【考查分析】本题考点：主系表结构、分词短语的用法、连词where引导的状语从句。

【答案解析】本句主体结构为The upside is the possibilities，译为“正面意义在于可能性”。Contained in knowing that everything is up to us，是过去分词结构作后臵定语。分号后面是一个有连词where引导的状语从句。Where 在这里是“在某种情况下(in what situation, to what point)的意思。

【参考译文】积极的一面是，既然万事都取决于我们，那么就有无限可能。以前，我们能够熟练应对种种局限；现在，我们把握着未来的可能。

2012年考研英语（一）翻译部分答案及解析

46）In physics, one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme, and seeks a theory of everything — a single generative equation for all we see.

46. 物理学中，有一种方法将这种对统一性的紧迫需求发挥到了极致，追求一种具有普遍意义的理论，即为我们所见之物寻求一种单一的生成公式。

47）Here, Darwinism seems to offer justification, for if all humans share common origins, it seems reasonable to suppose that cultural diversity could also be traced to more constrained beginnings.

47. 在此，达尔文似乎给出了合理化的解释，这是因为如果整个人类有相同的起源，那么我们就有理由认为，文化的多样性同样也可以追溯到更为具体的开端。

48）To filter out what is contingent and unique from what is shared might enable us to understand how complex cultural behaviour arose and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms.

48. 从共性中过滤出独特性，我们就可以明白文化行为起源的复杂性，以及文化行为在进化方面和认知方面的源动力。

49）The second, by Joshua Greenberg, takes a more empirical approach to universality, identifying traits (particularly in word order) shared by many languages, which are considered to represent biases that result from cognitive constraints.

49. 第二个为此做出努力的人是约书亚〃格林伯格，他采用经验主义的方法来研究普遍性，确认多种语言（尤其是语序方面的）共同特征，这些特征被认为是体现了由

于认知局限性而带来的偏见。

50）Chomsky’s grammar should show patterns of language change that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it, whereas Greenbergian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between particular types of word-order relations.

50. 乔姆斯基的语法体现了与树型结构及其间路径不相关的语言变化模式，而格林伯格的普遍性理论则预见了各种类型的语序关系中存在强烈的相互依存性。

2013

(46) Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.

然而，当我们看到这样的照片，看到那些无家可归者所创造的花园之时，感到了深深的震撼：尽管它们风格多样，但这些花园道出了其他的根本需求，而非停留在装饰美化或是创造性表达。

(47)A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need.

它是一个和平的圣地，不管它有多么粗陋，但它明显是一种人类的需求，与收容所迥异，收容所明显是一种动物的需求。

(48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn't exist or was not discernible as such.

无家可归者的花园实际上是无人问津的花园，它们是引入到城市环境中的一种建

筑类型，它要么不存在，要么本身不易识别。

(49)most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the oppression vanish as if by magic.

多数人会陷入精神萎靡，我们通常把这种萎靡归咎于某种心理状态，直到有一天，我们发现自己身处花园，感到压力全无，如魔力驱使一般。

(50)It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden though in a "liberated" sense, to describe these synthetic constructions.

正是这种与大自然之间的或明或暗的关联使花园这个词--虽然指的是"广义"上的花园--恰如其分的形容了这些人造建筑。

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2010年考研英语翻译试题及答案 one basic weakness in a comservation system based wholly one economic motives is that most members of the https://www.sodocs.net/doc/cb833220.html,munity have no economic value.yet these ereatures are members of the biotic community and ,if its stability depends on its inteyrity,they are entitled to continuance。 When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and,if we happen to love it .we invert excuses to give it economic importance.at the beginning of century songbiras were supposed to be disappearing。(46scinentists jumped to the resure with some distimctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up of birds failed to control them)，the evideuce had to be conbmic in order to be valid。 It is pamful to read these round about accounts today .we have no land ethic yet ,(47but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right,regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us) A panallel situation exists in respect of predatory mamals

2005年-2016年考研英语一翻译真题汇总

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