外研版必修五 Unit2 知识点归纳

必修五 Unit2 知识点归纳

I. 引入

II. Grammar

过去分词作宾语补足语

英语中，过去分词可以用作宾语补足语。能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或完成意义，有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去

分词动作的对象。如：

She

她回来时发现有人破门而入。

(此句中过去分词作宾语补足语，与宾语door 之间具有被动关系，表示一种状态。

1） 表示“让某人做某事”。如

3）表示“遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击”。如

building，

(1)Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____.

A. washed

B. wash

C. washing

D. to wash

【解析】A。考查非谓语动词。考查过去分词作宾语补足语。此题中使役动词get后接的宾语car与作宾语补足语的动词wash之间为被动关系，构成短语：get sth. done。故答案选A。句意为：在驱车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。

（2）Even the best writers sometimes find themselves for words.

A. lose

B. lost

C. to lose

D. having lost

【解析】B。考查非谓语动词。句意为“甚至最优秀的作家有时也会发现他们难以用文字表达自己。”lose是及物动词，A、C、D项都是主动式，空格后没有lose的宾语，故用过去分词lost当形容词用，作find themselves 的宾语补足语。选B。

（3）Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself

of his own dreams.

A. reminding

B. to remind

C. reminded

D. remind

【解析】C。考查非谓语动词。句意为“Michael在他的床头贴了姚明的照片提醒自己不要忘了自己的梦想。”空格前的himself与动词remind之间存在着被动关系。故选C。

【真题体验】

1.【2011陕西卷,14】Claire had her luggage an hour before her plane left.

A.check

B.checking

C.to check

D.checked

2.(2010上海卷）Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues with her stories.

A. amused

B. amusing

C. to amuse

D. to be amused

3.（2010辽宁卷）Alexander tried to get his work _______in the medical circles.

A. to recognize

B. recognizing

C. recognize

D. recognized

4.(2009海南卷)Now that we’ve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions ?

A. taking

B. take

C. taken

D. to take

5.【2012浙江温州高三第一学期期末八校联考】John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ________, he gladly accepted it.

A. finished

B. finishing

C. having finished

D. was finished

6. 【2012上海市长宁期末】They will have you _______ if you don't pay ta xes, because it is everyone's duty to pay taxes.

A . arrest B. arrested C. to be arrested D. being arrested

7.【2012·莱芜期末】---Do you think you could get this parcel _____ for me, please?

---Consid er it done!

A. to mail

B. mailed

C. mailing

D. mail

8. （2011·河北正定中学月考）We must be sure that children in our country should get well ______．A．educate B educating C．education D．educated

9.（2011·河北正定中学月考）Everyone of us has many responsibilities ______us．So we must work hard. A．attaching B ．attaching to C．attached with D．attached to

10.The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ______ for a meal to be cooked.

III.A．laid B．laying C．to lay D．being laid

【答案解析】

1.【解析】D。考查非谓语动词。句意为“Claire在登机前一小时她携带的行李接受了检查。”have sth. done“让…被做”。逻辑主语是her luggage，和check的关系是被动关系，所以答案选择D。

2.【解析】A。考查非谓语动词。keep+sb. /sth. +done,根据句意, sb.与它后面的动词成被动关系, 故选A.

3.【解析】D。考查非谓语动词用法。句意：亚历山大试图让他的工作在医学圈内得到认可。宾语work和recognize之间存在被动关系, 所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。

4.【解析】C考。查with +宾语+宾语补足语的用法。

句意为：现在,我们已经讨论了问题,是人们最满意的决定？take 与the decisions之间存在的关系是动宾关系, 故用过去分词表示被动

5.【解析】A。考查with复合结构。由语境和常识可知，愉快的接受邀请是因为工作已经做完，所以用过去分词表示被动和完成。

6.【解析】B。考查非谓语动词的用法。have sb.done sth 中，过去分词表被动，让某人被怎样。这里是被捕，所以选B。而have sb.do sth 让某人去做某事。

7.【解析】B。考查过去分词做宾补的用法。mail 和其逻辑主语parcel是被动关系，所以用过起分词做宾补，构成get sth. done 结构。

8.【解析】D考查过去分词的用法。此处get相当于系动词，句意：我们必须保证我们国家的孩子们应该受到良好的教育。

9.【解析】D考查分词的用法。此处attached to us作定语，我们每个人都有依附于我们的责任。所以我们必须努力学习。

10.【解析】A考查with的复合结构。此处为with+名词+过去分词的用法，表示桌子被放好。

III. 词汇。

1.consist vi.由...组成, 在于, 一致

consist of（无被动语态）=be made up of由…组成;由…构成

be composed of 强调由…成分组成

[典例]

1)Substances consist of small particles called molecules. 物质是由叫做分子的微粒组成的。

2)True charity doesn't consist in almsgiving. 真正的慈善不在于施舍。

3)Water is composed of oxygen and hydrogen.

2.clarify v.澄清, 阐明

[典例]

1)---Could you clarify the first point please? 请你澄清第一个要点，好吗?

---I don’t understand it completely，either．我也并不完全理解。

2) His mind suddenly clarified. 他的脑子突然清醒过来。

3.convenience n.便利, 方便, 有益, 有用的, 方便的用具

[典例][来源:Z+xx+https://www.sodocs.net/doc/c15146402.html,]

1) We bought this house for its convenience．我们买下这所房子是为了方便。

2) Please come at your convenience．请在你方便的时候来。

3) Gas is one of the modern conveniences the newly-built apartment building provides．

这幢新造的公寓大楼装有煤气等现代化设备。

[重点用法]

inconvenience n．不方便

convenient adj．便利的，适宜的

at one's convenience在某人方便的时候

for one's convenience(of)为了某人的方便

for convenience's sake为了方便起见

make a convenience of …利用

4.influence n.& vt.影响, 感化, 势力, 有影响的人(或事)

[典例]

1) What influenced you to do it?是什么感染了你要这么做？

2) Don’t be influenced by him; you should hold your own decision.别被他影响了你，你该有你自己的决定。

[重点用法]

have influence on/with…对……产生影响

under the influence of 在......的影响下

5.available adj.可用到的, 可利用的,有空的,

[典例]

1) Attention，please．These tickets are available on the day of issue only．

请注意，这种车票仅在发售当天有效

2) Dresses are not available in your size, I’m afraid.

这些衣服恐怕没有你的尺寸。

[重点用法]

反义词：unavailable

[考例]单项填空

We regret to inform you that there are no tickets ______ for Friday’s performance.

A. available

B. spare

C. convenient

D. affordable

【解析】根据句意“我们很遗憾地通知你星期五的演出票没有了”。可知available “可提供的，可得到的”，常作后置定语。答案：A。

6.arrange v.安排, 排列, 协商

[典例]

1) The child was required to arrange his shoes in a neat row by his parents.

家长要这个小孩把鞋放成整齐的一排

2) He was arranged by his family to marry a girl of his own class 他家里安排他娶一个门当户对的女孩。[重点用法]

arrange for安排, 准备

arrange with sb. about sth.与某人商定某事

7. delight n.快乐, 高兴, 喜悦v. (使)高兴, (使)欣喜

[典例]

1)Sometimes an old movie can still delight the people who have a sweet memory for the old days.有时一部旧片仍能给怀念旧时光的人们带来喜悦。

2)The movie Xi Yangyang & Hui Tailang gave delight to millions of children. 电影《喜羊羊与灰太郎》使千万小朋友获得乐趣。

[重点用法]

take/find/have delight in喜爱, 以...为乐

to sb.'s delight令人高兴的是...

delight in 嗜好

II.重点词组

1.take the place of代替,取代

take place发生；举行

take one's place就位；代替某人

in place of (= instead of)代替

in place在适当的位置

out of place不得其所，不适当地

in the first place首先

from place to place到处；各处

2. break down损坏，跨，压倒，分解

break away from摆脱，脱离

break in闯入；插话

break into闯入；破门而人；打断(谈话)

break off中止；折断；打折

break out爆发；突然发生

break through突破；冲垮

break up分解；(使)结束;分开,分离

3. leave out省去,遗漏

leave for 动身到(某处)

leave alone不管;撇下…一个人

leave aside搁置

leave behind遗忘;遗留

4. divide sth. up between/ among 分配，分享，分担

divide … into …

separate … from…

5. refer to 查阅，参考/ 把…交给…, 把….委托给…./ 使…向…. 请教；使…求助于…..

6. with delight 愉快地

to one’s delight 使人高兴的是….

take delight in …以…为乐

delight in sth./doing sth. 以…为乐

短语速记：

1 弄清楚这个问题__________________________________________ 2威尔士与英格兰联合起来。__________________________________________

3 提起英格兰__________________________________________

4 英国由四个国家构成。__________________________________________

5 分离出去并建立了自己的政府__________________________________________

6 在一些方面共同合作__________________________________________

7 为了方便__________________________________________

8 它被划分为三个地区。__________________________________________

9 发现大多数人居住在南部__________________________________________

10 很遗憾工业城市不能吸引游客__________________________________________

11 初建时，它显得金碧辉煌。__________________________________________

12 对词汇留下了影响__________________________________________

13 留心观察__________________________________________

14 是她高兴的是__________________________________________

15 因担心时间不够__________________________________________

16 穿着400年前的制服__________________________________________

17 在一些特殊的场合__________________________________________

18纪念已故诗人的雕像__________________________________________

19 使你的旅行令人愉快并且值得__________________________________________

20 有利于航海__________________________________________

21 这似乎是件怪事,他竟然在伦敦

__________________________________________ 生活过。

22 从原来的地方搬到另一座大楼__________________________________________

23 为我们的祖国感到骄傲__________________________________________

24 她对博物馆展出的宝物感到惊

__________________________________________ 讶。

25 值得赞扬的是__________________________________________

V. Grammar Revision 语法复习

名词性从句

1.宾语从句（Object Clause)

My father told me （that he wouldn’t come back home until 9 o’clock.）

I don’t know （what will happen next. ）

I find it necessary （that we should do the homework.）

2.主语从句（Subject Clause)

What he said is not true.

It is important that we should learn English.

That he succeeded in the competition made us happy.

主语从句中的that不能省略

3.表语从句（Predicative Clause)

This is what I want to do.

The fact is that he told a lie to me.

The reason why he was late is that the traffic was busy.

表语从句中的that不能省略。

4.同位语从句（Appositive Clause)

The thought that we might succeed excited us.（the thought = we might succeed）

The idea that they should try a second time is worth considering.（the idea = they should try a second time）常用名词有belief, fact, idea, hope, news, doubt, result, thought, information, opinion等等。

堂堂清练习

15．—I rang you at about nine，but there was no reply.

—Oh，that was probably ________ I was seeing the doctor.(天津一中高三上学期第五次月考)

A．why B．when C．what D．that

答案B[根据语境该选B，when引导表语从句，同时又在从句中作时间状语。]

16．His mother did ________ she could ________ the boy.

A．what；help B．that；help

C．what；to help D．that；to help

答案C[第一空：是宾语从句，could后省了do，what作这个do的宾语。第二空：不定式表目的。

故选C。]

17．It isn't expected ________ he said caused so much discussion at the meeting.

(浙江温州市高三第一次适用性测试)

A．that B．what that

C．what D．that what

答案D[D项中that引导主语从句，what he said又在主语从句中作主语，what作said的宾语。that 引导主语从句时一般不省，所以排除C。]

18．Some language experts think we learn languages in the same way ________ we learn other things，and ________ we are born with is a general ability to learn and adapt.

A．不填；that what B．which；what

C．that；what that D．in which；that

答案A[第一空：这是定语从句，先行词是way，从句中缺状语，可用关系词that/in which(可省)。

第二空：由that引导宾语从句，what又在宾语从句中引导主语从句，同时充当with的宾语。故选A。] 19．It was the first time Agassi had understood ________ real champions finally understand：winning is a test of nerves and not just power.

A．that B．what C．how D．when

答案B[这是一个宾语从句，understand后缺宾语，故用what。]

20．Thinking that you know ________ in fact you don't know is a serious mistake.(吉林长春市高三第一次模拟)

A．what B．that C．when D．however

答案A[把这句话写完整应该是：Thinking that you know what in fact you don't know is a serious mistake.句意：认为你知道了事实上不知道的东西，那是一个严重的错误。]

21．We will all appreciate ________ you can come to join us in developing our hometown.

A．that if B．it if

C．it that D．that when

答案B[appreciate跟it作形式宾语，if you can come to join...可视为真正的宾语。]

22．Much to the couple's comfort，their income is now double ________ it was five years ago.

A．that B．than C．which D．what

答案D[这是一个由what引导的表语从句，what同时又在从句中充当表语。]

23．In peace，too，the Red Cross is expected to send help to ________ there is human suffering.(江西九校联考一模)

A．whoever B．wherever

C．however D．whatever

答案B[wherever引导宾语从句，同时又在从句中作地点状语。]

24．It was in time of danger ________ he made the final decision ________ they should send more doctors there.

A．where；that B．when；which

C．where；what D．that；that

答案D[第一空是强调句型，第二空that引导同位语从句。]

25．The news ________ is spreading around the airport is ________ a heavy storm is coming.

A．what；不填B．that；that

C．不填；that D．that；which

答案B[第一空：是定语从句，从句缺主语，可用that或which，作主语的关系代词一般不省，可排除A、C。第二空：是同位语从句，从句不缺成分，故选B。]

26．If you leave this application form and go to another website，you will lose ________ you have already filled out on this form.(福建泉州市高中毕业班临考质量检查)

A．whatever B．no matter what

C．whichever D．no matter which

答案A[这是宾语从句，filled out缺少宾语，所以填whatever。C、D语义不对；B项一般不引导名词性从句。]

27．Do you have any idea ________ electricity plays such an important part in our daily life?

A．why is it that B．how it is that

C．why was it D．when it was that

答案B[这是同位语从句，从句的主谓一般是不倒装的，即可排除A、C。D项的时态不正确。] 28．—Does it matter much ________ the sales manager won't attend the meeting tomorrow?

—I've no idea.(江苏六合高级中学高三下学期调研考试)

A．whether B．what C．when D．that

答案D[it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，whether翻译不通。]

29．As days go on，I think that Beijing will become ________ the whole world pay close attention to.

A．where B．what C．which D．that

答案B[what引导宾语从句，在从句中作pay attention to的宾语。]

30．________ David says sounds right to Helen.That's why she has made up her mind to leave him ________ happens.

A．Whatever；whatever

B．No matter what；whatever

C．No matter what；no matter what

D．Whatever；however

答案A[第一空：是主语从句，由于no matter what不引导名词性从句，所以排除B、C。第二空：是宾语从句，从句缺主语，即可排除D。故选A。句意：戴维说的每句话，海伦都觉得有道理，所以，她决定把一切都交给他来处理。]

【范文】高三英语必修五Unit3重要知识点总结(词汇部分人教版)

高三英语必修五Unit3重要知识点总结（词汇部分人教版） 1.impression n.印痕;印记;印象;感想 常用结构： haveanimpressionofsth./doingsth.对某事有印象 makeanimpressiononsb.给某人留下印象 makenoimpressionon对……无影响/效果 givesb.afavorableimpression给某人留下好印象 animpressionofone’sfoot某人的脚印 yourperformancegavemeastrongimpression. 你的表演给我留下了很深的印象。 whatIsaidmadenoimpressiononhim. 我的话对他不起作用。 联想拓展 impressv.留下印象 impresssth.on/uponone’smind把……牢记在心上 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/c15146402.html,ck v.&n.缺乏;缺少的东西 注意：lack作名词时，后常接of。lack作动词时，既可作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词，作不及物动词时，后常接for或in。lack不用于被动语态。

常用结构： lacksth. 缺少某物 lackforsth. 缺少;需要 for/throughlackof... 因缺乏…… nolackof... 不缺乏 a/thelackof... ……的缺乏 Hedidn’tgotherebecausehelackedcourage. 他没去那里，因为他缺乏勇气。Theplantdiedforlackofwater.植物因缺水而死。Theylackedfornothing.他们无所需求。 联想拓展 lackingadj.匮乏的;不足的;没有的 belackingin缺乏Sheseemstobelackingincommonsense. 她似乎缺乏常识。 3.sight n.视力;视觉;看见;光景，奇观;名胜

高中英语必修五笔记文章知识点

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