译题

【英译汉】

（一）

The word “winner” and “loser” have many meanings.

When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who makes someone else lose. To us, a winner is one who responds authentically by being credible, trustworthy, responsive, and genuine, both as an individual and as a member of a society.

Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be; rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy putting on a performance, maintaining pretence, and manipulating others. They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask.

Winners are not afraid to do their own thinking and to use their own knowledge. They can separate facts from opinions and don’t pretend to have all the answers. They listen to others, evaluate what they say, but come to their own conclusions. Although winners can admire and respect other people, they are not totally defined, demolished, bound, or awed by them.

Winners do not play “helpless”, nor do they play the blaming game. Instead, they assume responsibility for their own lives.

（二）

Four months before Election Day, five men gathered in a small conference room the Reagan-Bush headquarters and reviewed an oversize calendar that marked the remaining days of the 1984 presidential campaign. It was the last Saturday in June and at ten o’clock in the morning the rest of the office was practically deserted. Even so, the men kept the door slut and the drapes carefully drawn. The three principals and their two deputies had come from around the country for a critical meeting. Their aim was to devise a strategy that would guarantee Ronald Reagan’s resounding reelection to a second term in the White House.

It should have been easy. They were battle-tested veterans with long ties to Reagan and even longer ties to the Republican Party, men who understood presidential politics as well as any in the country. The backdrop of the campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at peace, and the nation’s economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding vigorously after recession. Furthermore, the campaign

itself was lavishly financed, with plenty of money for a top-flight staff, travel, and television commercial.And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills. Reagan has succeeded more than any president since John F. Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America – a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal government.

（三）

I have nothing to offer but blood toil, tears and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering. You ask , what is our aim? I can answer in one word, it is victory. Victory at all costs victory in spite of all terrors – victory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival.

Let that be realized, no survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall more forward toward his goal. I take up my task in buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. I feel entitled at this juncture, at this time, to claim the aid of all and to say, -Come then, let us go forward together with our united strength.

【汉译英】

（一）

大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等。所以人们对于大自然，全都一致并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间，上千年以来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。种植庄稼和葡萄，酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶，锄草和栽花；在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜，在节日到广场拉琴、跳舞和唱歌；往日的田园依旧是今日的温馨家园。这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗也衍传了下来。

（二）

世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。第二代属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性成果。这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。

世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里，观众可以自己去动手操作，自己细心观察。这样，他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术，去探索科学技术的奥妙。

中国科技馆正是这样的博物馆！它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆的长处，设计制作了力学、光学、电学、热学、声学、生物学等展品，展示了科学的原理和先进的科技成果。

（三）

我想不起来哪一个熟人没有手机。今天没有手机的人是奇怪的，这种人才需要解释。我们的所有社会关系都储存在手机的电话本里，可以随时调出使用。古代只有巫师才能拥有这种法定。

手机刷新了人与人的关系。会议室门口通常贴着一条通告：请与会者关闭手机。可是会议室里的手机铃声仍然响成一片。我们都是普通人，并没有多少重要的事情。尽管如此，我们也不轻易关掉手机。打开手机象征我们与这个世界的联系。手机反映出我们的“社交饥渴症”。最为觉的是，一个人走着走着突然停下来，眼睛盯着手机屏幕发短信。他不在乎停在马路中央还是厕所旁边。

《英汉翻译》练习题

《英汉翻译》期末练习题 Part I: Phrase Translation 01. white elephant无用而累赘的东西 02. fond dream黄粱美梦 03. happy medium 中庸之道 04. narrow escape九死一生 05. north, south, east, west东、南、西、北 06. be at a loss不知所措 07. supreme authority至高无上 08. wet paint油漆未干 09. No Thoroughfare禁止通行 10. Employees Only顾客止步 11. Please Tender Exact Fare恕不找零 12. 20% Off八折优惠 13. catch at shadows捕风捉影 14. look for a needle in a haystack大海捞针 15. between hammer and anvil腹背受敌 16. white lie善意的谎言 17. black sheep害群之马 18. carry coals to Newcastle多此一举 19. be fair and square光明正大 20. share weal and woe患难与共 21. the think tank智囊团 22. personal remark人身攻击 23. French leave不辞而别 24. fish in the air水中捞月 25. a castle in the air空中楼阁 26. shed crocodile tears猫哭耗子 27. play the lute to a cow对牛弹琴 28. hen party妇女聚会 Part II: Sentence Translation 01. She needs to find somewhere to live. 译：她需要找个住的地方。 02. My school runs a factory. 译：我的学校办了一家工厂。 03. He did not die happily. 译：他死得不安乐。 04. He is ignorant to a proverb. 译：他的无知是众所周知的。 05. It is the working people in the capitalist countries who bear the unemployment, heavy taxation and reduced standard of living which these aggressive wars entail. 译：在资本主义国家，是劳动人民忍受着这些由侵略战争所带来的失业、苛捐杂税和下降的生活水平。 06. Their skill as horsemen and archers halted Persian and Macedonian invasion. 译：他们善骑术、精弓箭，所以能够抵御波斯人和马其顿人的进攻。 07. Eczema may be found in all age groups and in both sex.

汉英翻译题库

汉英翻译题库（一） 发布人：圣才学习网发布日期：2010-08-14 11:36 共591人浏览[大] [中] [小] 汉译英 主席先生： 中国作为一个发展中国家，很自然十分关心发展中国家在世界经济中所处的困境。许多事实证明，北南关系不是朝着更好的方向发展，而是趋于进一步的恶化。因此，改善北南关系就成为所有国家的一项重要任务。目前，北南之间的差距进一步扩大，富的更富，穷的更穷。许多发展中国家人民正生活在贫困线之下，发达国家有责任给发展中国家以更多的帮助，并同意在平等互利、平等交换的基础上，建立一个新的国际经济秩序。 今天的世界各国，经济上的相互依存更加密切。如果发展中国家的困难长期得不到解决，经济得不到发展，发达国家的经济要持续保持稳定增长，也将是困难的。在商品、贸易、债务、资金、货币和金融等领域，采取有效措施，改善发展中国家面临的外部环境，以利于发展中国家恢复增长和发展，这是当前国际经济领域中的一项紧迫任务。这样做也有利于世界经济的稳定和增长。 Mr. President. As a developing country， China is naturally concerned about the predicament of the developing countries in the world economy. Numerous facts show that the North-South relations are going to deteriorate further instead of turning for the better. Therefore， the improvement of the North-South relations has become an important task for all countries. At present the gap between the North and the South is widening， with the rich becoming richer and the poor poorer. The people of many developing countries are living below the poverty line. The developed countries have the responsibility to give more help to the developing countries， and to agree to the establishment of a new international economic order based on equality and mutual benefit and exchange of equal values. In the present-day world， there is even more inter-dependence among countries. Developed countries will find it difficult to maintain their economic growth if developing countries long remain in difficulties and their economies cannot move ahead. It is an urgent task in the international economic sphere to improve， by effective measures， the external environment of developing countries in such fields as commodity，trade， debt， capital， currency and finance. This will contribute not only to resuming growth of developing countries， but also the stability and growth of the world economy. 桂林（2）

翻译选择题

（2010）49．The Smiths have a Cute girl，and she is the apple of their eye． A．眼睛B．眼珠C．眼中的苹果D．掌上明珠 （2010）50．Expo 2010 Shanghai China is a happy reunion of people from all over the world．A．再联合B．再相聚C．聚会D．会议 （2011）49. The first question was difficult, but the rest were pretty easy. A. 休息 B. 安定 C.其余的 D.停止 （2011）50. —I lost my pet pig, but it came back yesterday. —As the saying goes: an old horse knew the way. A. 塞翁失马 B. 老马识途 C. 马失前蹄 D.马到成功（2012）39. ---- Are you going to Tibet this summer holiday? ---- I have to sleep on it. I’ll tell you tomorrow. A. 我不得不睡在它的上面Ｂ．我必须睡觉了 Ｃ. 我睡过头了 D. 我得想想再做决定 （2012）40. “I’m over the moon. This is so important to me.” Said Adele, a famous British singer, after her winning the best British album. A.我超过了月亮 B.我欣喜若狂 C. 我在月亮之上 D. 我要去月球（2014）39. ----The final exams are coming soon. ----Yes, I have ants in my pants. A. 我有热锅上的蚂蚁B．有很多蚂蚁爬在我的裤子上 C. 我养了一些蚂蚁 D. 我很焦虑 （2014）40. ----- Are you still mad at Lana? -----No, it’s water under the bridge. I’ve forgotten it. A. 这是桥下的水 B. 这是水中的桥 C.过去的，就让它过去吧 D. 蚂蚁过不去的坎 （2013）21. My new mobile phone is different from Jennifer’s. A. not the same as B. all the same as C. worse than D. difficult to （2013）22. Jack will arrive in Kunming tomorrow, and we are going to meet him at the airport. A. drive to B. get to C. come in D. return to （2013）23. A strong earthquake hit Ya’an, Sichuan on April 20, and many people lost their lives. A. ran B. cried C. were hurt D. were killed （2013）24. She can’t help you today because she has her hands full. She has to go shopping, pick up her son and then cook dinner. A. is very worried B. is very angry C. is very busy D. is on business （2013）25. You should do more and talk less. Actions speak louder than words. A. What you do isn’t important. B. What you do is as important as what you say. C. What you do is more important than what you say. D. What you do is less important than what you say.

翻译理论简答题

《实用翻译教程》习题库 简答题 第一章导论 1.翻译课的目的是什么？ 2.决定翻译质量的因素有那些？ 3.翻译课的性质是什么? 4.为什么学习翻译理论？ 5.实用翻译理论主要解决那些问题？ Keys: 1.翻译课的目的就是培养和提高学生的实际翻译能力，也就是把原语所表达的信息材料，用译语重新表达出来，并达到较高的翻译质量。 2.外语水平.汉语水平.知识水平.工作态度 3.翻译是技巧有时科学，进行翻译教学应该是有理论，又有实践，二者紧密结合。 也就是又讲理论，掌握翻译规律；又作大量练习，获得技能技巧。 4.翻译理论就是研究和探讨翻译固有的内在规律，发现翻译过程中经常出现的问题， 并寻求解决途径。翻译理论就是帮助翻译工作者了解翻译规律，解决翻译过程中 遇到的各种困哪问题。翻译理论的可贵在于它的实践性，在于用来指导翻译实践， 提高翻译质量。为提高翻译水平而学习，这就是学习翻译理论的目的。 5.性质问题.标准问题.翻译过程中遇到大的各种实际问题，分析这些问题产生的原因 并提出解决办法，以提高翻译质量。 第二章什么是翻译 6.人们交流思想有哪几种情况？ 7.解释语内交流.语际交流？ 8.翻译的目的和功能是什么？ 9.翻译的定义？ Keys: 6.语内交流.语际交流.信息传播 7.语内交流是指在同一语言内部进行的交流。语际交流是指操不同语言的人.通 过翻译进行的思想交流。 8.翻译是思想交流的桥梁（使不懂原语的人，能通过译文而懂得体现在原文信息中 作者的思想.意图.观点和所不懂的思想感情）和接力(使原文信息能传播的更远， 能传播到更多的人那里）这就是翻译是翻译的目的和功能。

9.翻译是人类交流思想过程中沟通不同语言的桥梁，使通晓不同语言的人能通过原 文的重新表达而进行思想交流。翻译是把一种语言（即原语）的信息用另一种语 言（即译语）表达出来，使译文读者能得到原文作者所表达的思想，得到语原文 读者大致相同的感受。 第三章翻译的性质 10.写作的特点是什么？ 11.翻译的特点是什么？ 12.翻译过程中的困难有那些？ 13.翻译的两大通病是什么？ Keys: 10.写作的特点可以概括为“心中有数，自己决定”。包括：写什么.给谁看.用词结构和表现手法. 11.1人云亦云.2不容更改.3先理解，后动笔.4克服原语的干扰 12.1理解的困难.2读者不同.3.两种语言表达方式不同.4材料步熟悉 13.翻译症和马虎翻译 第四章翻译与对等 14.对等有那些形式？ 15.为什么说翻译实际上就是对等问题？ 16.什么是灵活对等？ 17.什么是意义对等？ 18.什么是风格对等？ 19.为什么有相当一部分的人翻译时坚持形式忠实的？ Keys: 14. 1.词的对等 2.短语句子的对等 3.形式对等 4.灵活对等 5.意义对等 6.风格对等 15.对等就是指不同语言对同一事物的描述。翻译是将SL表达的事物用TL重新表 达一遍，这实际上是用两种语言SL与TL表达同一事物，这两种语言对同一事 物的表达就是对等。因此，翻译实际上就是对等问题。 16.灵活对等就是翻译时考虑的不是词的对等，而着眼于句子甚至段落的对等。在形 式和意义不能兼顾的情况下，主要考虑意义，不受原文形式的束缚和影响，把原 作的意思灵活的表达出来。 17.只要求思想内容与原文一致，在意义上没有增删更改的现象，叫做意义对等。 18.风格对等指翻译时光是意思相同还不够，还有尽量保持原作风格。 19.1.形式忠实有时也能起到表达原意的作用，而不去考虑在更多情况下不能表达原

《翻译理论与技巧》练习题库

华中师范大学网络学院 《翻译理论与技巧》练习测试题 一．在下列句中空白处填上合适的词语。每空1分。共10分。 1．翻译是跨（语言）、跨（文化）、跨（社会）的交际活动。 2．篇章的粘连分（语义）粘连和（结构）粘连两大类，粘连的目的是实现篇章的（连贯）。 3．社会符号学的翻译标准是（语意）相符、（功能）相似。 4．格赖斯的（合作）原则和利奇的（礼貌）原则是促使语言交际成功的语用原则。 5. 社会符号学翻译法以韩礼德所述的语言的社会符号性为根据，以符号学的意 义观为核心。语言符号具备三种意义，它们是（言内）意义、（指称）意义和（语用）意义。 6. 语言对比是研究语言在（使用）中产生的意义。 7. 泰特勒在《翻译的原则》一书中提出了著名德三原则： A．译文应完整地再现原文的（思想内容）。 B．译文的（风格）（笔调）应与原文的性质相同。 C．译文应像原文一样（流畅自然）。 8. 汉语语法呈（隐含）性，英语语法呈（外显）性。 9. 严复的三字翻译标准是_信____、____达_、__雅__。 10. 鲁迅认为翻译标准可以用____忠实____和____通顺____这四个字来表示。11．翻译的过程是__理解____、____表达___和____校核____。 12．英语翻译成汉语时，英语称之为_译出语（原文）____，汉语称之为译入语（译文）__。 13．翻译按其工作方式来分，有___口译___ ____笔译____ ___机器翻译_______三种。 14．许渊冲提倡文学翻译要做到___意美__、_______音美______和__形美___。15．在译文语言条件许可时，在译文中既保持原文的内容，有保持原文的形式—特别是保持原文的比喻、形象和民族地方色彩等，这种译法叫做直译 __。 16．把原文中两个或两个以上的简单句译成一个单句是__合句___法。 17．翻译按其处理方式来分，有__全译_、_摘译__和__编译_。 18．翻译是“从语义到文体在译入语中用最（切近）而又最（自然）的对等语再现原语的（信息）。” 19．从翻译的手段来看，翻译可分为（口译）、（笔译）和（机器翻译）。 20．鲁迅先生认为：“凡是翻译，必须兼顾两面，一当然力求其（易解），一则保存着原作的（丰姿）。” 21．由于文化上的差异，英译汉时有时直译原文就会使译入语读者感到费解，甚至误解。这时，就有必要借用汉语中意义相同或相近、且具有自己文化 色彩的表达法对原文加以（归化）。 22．傅雷先生认为：“以效果而论，翻译应当像临画一样，所求的不在（形似）而在（神似）。

统考大学英语B英译汉题库

统考大学英语B英译汉题 库 Last revision date: 13 December 2020.

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