2018年英语专业八级真题听力minilecture 原题,答案以及原文

2018年英语专业八级真题听力Mini-lecture原文(1)

Language and Humanity

语言和人类

Good morning, everyone.

大家早上好。

In today's lecture, we're going to discuss the relationship between language and humanity. As we all know, language is very powerful.

在今天的课上，我们将讨论语言和人类之间的关系。众所周知，语言是非常强大的。

It allows you to put a thought from your mind directly in someone else's mind.

它可以让你把你的想法直接放在别人的大脑里。

Languages are like genes talking, getting things they want.

语言就像会说话的基因，得到他们想要的东西。

And you just imagine the sense of wonder in a baby when it first discovers that, merely by uttering a sound, it can get objects to move across a room as if by magic, and maybe even into its mouth.

你可以想象，当一个婴儿第一次发现，仅仅通过发出一个声音，它就能让物体像中了魔法一样在房间里移动，甚至可能进入它的嘴里。

Now we need to explain how and why this remarkable trait, you know, human's ability to do things with language, has evolved, and why did this trait evolve only in our species?

现在我们需要解释这个显著的特征，也就是人类用语言做事的能力，是如何进化的，为什么进化，为什么这个特征只在我们人类身上进化？

In order to get an answer to the question, we have to go to tool use in the chimpanzees.

为了得到这个问题的答案，我们必须研究黑猩猩的工具使用。

Chimpanzees can use tools, and we take that phenomenon as a sign of their intelligence.

黑猩猩可以使用工具，我们把这种现象作为它们智力的标志。

But if they really were intelligent, why would they crack open nuts with a rock?

但如果他们真的聪明，他们为什么要用石头砸开坚果呢？

Why wouldn't they just go to a shop and buy a bag of nuts that somebody else had already cracked open for them?

他们为什么不去商店买一袋别人已经打开的坚果呢？

Why not? I mean, that's what we do.

为什么不呢？我是说，我们就是这么做的。

Language and Humanity

Good morning, everyone.

In today's lecture, we're going to discuss the relationship between language and humanity. As we all know, language is very powerful.

It allows you to put a thought from your mind directly in someone else's mind. Languages are like genes talking, getting things they want.

And you just imagine the sense of wonder in a baby when it first discovers that, merely by uttering a sound, it can get objects to move across a room as if by magic, and maybe even into its mouth.

Now we need to explain how and why this remarkable trait, you know, human's ability to do things with language, has evolved, and why did this trait evolve only in our species?

In order to get an answer to the question, we have to go to tool use in the chimpanzees. Chimpanzees can use tools, and we take that phenomenon as a sign of their intelligence.

But if they really were intelligent, why would they crack open nuts with a rock? Why wouldn't they just go to a shop and buy a bag of nuts that somebody else had already cracked open for them?

Why not? I mean, that's what we do.

Language and Humanity

Language is powerful and it can help us do or get things as we wish. Language as a born trait

●Language has evolved only in (1)_______.

●Comparison between chimpanzees and human beings:

-Chimpanzees

-use of tools : once seen as a sign of (2)_______

-inability to (3) _______

-tendency to (4) _______

-Human beings

-able to improve and build on (5) _______

-able to (6) _______ideas

Language and social learning

●Problem of social learning : (7) _______

-Causes :

- stealing others’ ideas by (8) _______

-Solution:

-(9) _______developed to share ideas

●Results

-(10) _______made available to every individual

-language as social technology to enhance (11) _______ Language and the modern world

●Existence of many different languages has led to

-Separation of cooperative groups

-(12) _______

-Knowledge protection

-Slow flow of ideas and tendency toward (13) _______

●Globalization needs (14) _______.

●(15) _______hinder cooperation.

Solution : one world with one language

答案

1.Human beings 、 our species

2.Their Intelligence

3.Learn from others

4.Repeat

5.Other people’s wisdom

6.Accumulate

7.Evolutionary dilemmas

8.Watching other people

9.Systems of communication

10.Knowledge and wisdom / accumulated knowledge

11.cooperation / benefits of cooperation

12.Establishment of identities

13. Isolation 、 keeping to ourselves

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/c26965618.html,munication

15.Different languages

16.

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TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2014) GRADE EIGHT PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN) SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONL Y. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE, using no more than three words in each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes while completing the task Use the blank sheet for note-taking. Now, listen to the mini-lecture. How to Reduce Stress Life is full of things that cause us sress. Though we may not like stress, we have to live with it. I. Definition of stress A. (1) reaction i.e.force exerted between two touching bodies B. human reaction i.e. response to (2) on someone e.g. increase in breathing, heart rate, (3) , or muscle tension II. (4) , A. positive stress where it occurs: Christmas, wedding, (5) B. negative stress where it occurs: test-taking situations, friend?s death III. Ways to cope with stress A. recoginition of stress signals —monitor for (6) of stress —find ways to protect oneself B. attention to body demand —effect of (7) C. planning and acting appropriately —reason for planning —(8) of planning D. learning to (9) —e.g. dlay caused by traffic E. pacing activities —manageable task —(10) SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONL Y. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview.

[真题] 2018年专业英语八级真题

[真题] 2018年专业英语八级真题 PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. while listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but yon will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. when the lecture is over, yon will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. Language and Humanity Language is powerful and it can help us do or get things as we wish. Language as a born trait Language has evolved only in__1__ Comparison between chimpanzees and human beings: -Chimpanzees -use of tools: once seen as a sign of__2__ -inability to__3__ -tendency to__4__ -Human beings -able to improve and build on__5__ -able to__6__ideas Language and social learning Problem of social learning:__7__ -Cause: -stealing others′ideas by__8__ -Solution: -__9__developed to share ideas Results -__10__made available to every individual -language as social technology to enhance__11__ Language and the modern world Existence of many different languages has led to -separation of cooperative groups -__12__ -knowledge protection -slow flow of ideas and tendency toward__13__ Globalization needs__14__. __15__hinder cooperation. Solution: one world with one language [听力原文] Language and Humanity Good morning, everyone. In today′s lecture, we′re going to discuss the relationship between language and humanity. As we all know, language is very powerful. It allows you to put a thought from your mind directly in someone else′s mind. Languages are like genes talking, getting things they want. And you just imagine the sense of wonder in a baby when it first discovers that, merely by uttering a sound, it can get objects to move across a room as if by magic,