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希腊罗马神话2. Gods, Goddesses and Heroes

希腊罗马神话2. Gods, Goddesses and Heroes
希腊罗马神话2. Gods, Goddesses and Heroes

2 Gods, Goddesses and Heroes

2.1 Family Tree of Principal Gods and Goddesses

With nearly 100 gods and goddesses who are considered a major part of the pantheon, Greek mythology can be very complex. If you're wondering how Demeter is related to Athena, you aren't alone. Curious about how many children Zeus fathered? You'll need a family tree to find out for sure.

2.2 Primordial gods and Titans

In Greek mythology the Pr?togenoi are a genealogy of primordial Greek gods, the name literally means "first born" or "primeval" and are a group of deities whose births are coterminous with the beginning of the universe.

The Protogenoi are the first entities or beings that come into existence. They form the very fabric of the universe and as such are immortal. The Pr?togenoi are a group of gods from which all the other gods descend. They preceded the Titans, the descendants of Gaia and Uranus.

In Greek mythology, the Titans were a race of powerful deities, descendants of Gaia and Uranus, that ruled during the legendary Golden Age.

In the first generation of twelve Titans, the males were Oceanus, Hyperion, Coeus, Cronus, Crius and Iapetus and the females were Mnemosyne, Tethys, Theia, Phoebe, Rhea and Themis. The second generation of Titans consisted of Hyperion's children Eos, Helios, and Selene; Coeus's daughters Leto and Asteria;

Iapetus's sons Atlas, Prometheus, Epimetheus, and

Menoetius; Oceanus' daughter Metis; and Crius's sons

Astraeus, Pallas, and Perses.

The Titans, also known as the elder gods, ruled the

earth before the Olympians overthrew them. The ruler of

the Titans was Cronus who was dethroned by his son

Zeus. Most of the Titans fought with Cronus against

Zeus and were punished by being banished to Tartarus.

During their rule the Titans were associated with the

various planets.

Bust of Zeus The Titans were overthrown by a race of younger gods, the Olympians, in the Titanomachy ("War of the Titans"). This represented a mythological paradigm shift that the Greeks may have borrowed from the Ancient Near East.

2.3 The Olympians

The Twelve Olympians, also known as the Dodekatheon in Greek mythology, were the principal deities of the Greek pantheon, residing atop Mount Olympus which is located in the northern central part of Greece. This mountain was believed to be sacred throughout ancient times, and, it was believed to be the highest point on earth. The Olympians gained their supremacy in a war of gods in which Zeus led his siblings to victory over the Titans.

These Gods that ruled mount Olympus, also ruled the lives of all mankind. Each and every single God (or Goddess) had their own character and domain. Gods in mythology were very human like. They had the strengths and weaknesses of mortals (as we know them today). they were truly made to represent each and every side of human nature. They supported justice, as seen by their own point of view.

Gods even had children with

mortals, which resulted in

semi-gods like Hercules. The most

amazing observation is how the

Gods expresses human nature in

its complete form. Strength, fear,

unfaithfulness, love, admiration,

beauty, hunting, farming,

education, there was a God for every human activity and expression. These Gods weren't just ideal figures. they were beings with their own limitations. They expressed anger, jealousy and joy, just like us. Each God rules his own realm. they only true omnipotent God was Zeus, who ruled all.

The classical scheme of the Twelve Olympians (the Canonical Twelve of art and poetry) comprises the following gods:

Zeus, Hera, Poseidon, Demeter, Athena, Hestia, Apollo, Artemis, Ares, Aphrodite, Hephaestus and Hermes and later on Dionysus who took the place of Hestia

Classical Olympians

The twelve gods and goddesses listed among the Twelve most often.

Greek Name Roman

Name

Image God/Goddess of... Generation

Zeus Jupiter

King of the gods and ruler

of Mount Olympus; god of the

sky and thunder. Youngest

child of the Titans Cronus and

Rhea. Symbols include the thunderbolt, eagle, oak tree,

scepter and scales. Brother

and husband of Hera, although

he had many lovers.

First

Hera Juno

Queen of the gods and

the goddess of marriage and

family. Symbols include the peacock, pomegranate, crown,

cuckoo, lion and cow.

Youngest daughter of Kronos

and Rhea. Wife and sister of

Zeus. Being the goddess of marriage, she frequently tried

to get revenge on Zeus' lovers

and their children.

First

Poseidon Neptune

Lord of the seas, earthquakes and horses.

Symbols include the horse,

bull, dolphin and trident.

Middle son of Kronos and

Rhea. Brother of Zeus and

Hades. Married to the Nereid Amphitrite, although, like most

First

male Greek Gods, he had many lovers.

Dionysus Bacchus

God of wine, celebrations

and ecstasy. Patron god of the

art of theatre. Symbols include

the grapevine, ivy, cup, tiger,

panther, leopard, dolphin and

goat. Son of Zeus and the

mortal Theban princess

Semele. Married to the Cretan

princess Ariadne. The

youngest Olympian, as well as

the only one to have been born

of a mortal woman.

Second .He

married a

mortal who

was then

made his

imortal wife.

Apollo Phoebus

God of light, knowledge,

music, poetry, prophecy and

archery. Son of Zeus and Leto.

Symbols include the sun, lyre,

bow and arrow, raven, dolphin,

wolf, swan and mouse. Twin

brother of Artemis.

Second

Artemis Diana

Virgin goddess of the

hunt, virginity, childbirth,

archery and all animals.

Symbols include the moon,

deer, hound, she-bear, snake,

cypress tree and bow and

arrow. Daughter of Zeus and

Leto and twin sister of Apollo.

Second

Hermes Mercury

Messenger of the gods;

god of commerce and thieves.

Symbols include the caduceus

(staff entwined with two snakes), winged sandals and

cap, stork and tortoise (whose

shell he used to invent the

lyre). Son of Zeus and the

nymph Maia. The

second-youngest Olympian,

just older than Dionysus. He

married Dryope, the daughter

of Dryops, and their son Pan

became the god of nature, lord

Second

of the satyrs, inventor of the panpipes and comrade of Dionysus.

Athena Minerva

Virgin goddess of wisdom, handicrafts, defense and

strategic warfare. Symbols

include the owl and the olive

tree. Daughter of Zeus and the

Oceanid Metis, she rose from

her father's head fully grown

and in full battle armor after he

swallowed her mother.

Second

Ares Mars

God of war, violence and bloodshed. Symbols include

the boar, serpent, dog, vulture,

spear and shield. Son of Zeus

and Hera, all the other gods

(except Aphrodite) despised

him. His Latin name, Mars,

gave us the word "martial."

Second

Aphrodite Venus

Goddess of love, beauty,

and desire. Symbols include

the dove, bird, apple, bee,

swan, myrtle and rose.

Daughter of Zeus and the

Oceanid Dione, or perhaps

born from the sea foam after

Uranus' blood dripped onto the

earth and into the sea after

being defeated by his

youngest son Cronus. Married

to Hephaestus, although she

had many adulterous affairs,

most notably with Ares. Her

name gave us the word "aphrodisiac", while her Latin

name gave us the word "venereal".

either

Second

or from the

Titan

generation

Hephaestus Vulcan

Master blacksmith and

craftsman of the gods; god of

fire and the forge. Symbols

include fire, anvil, ax, donkey,

hammer, tongs and quail. Son

of Hera, either by Zeus or

alone. Married to Aphrodite,

though unlike most divine husbands, he was rarely ever licentious. His Latin name,

Vulcan, gave us the word "volcano."

Second

Demeter Ceres

Goddess of fertility, agriculture, nature, and the seasons. Symbols include the

poppy, wheat, torch, and pig.

Middle daughter of Cronus and

Rhea. Her Latin name, Ceres,

gave us the word "cereal".

First

2.4 Heroic age

The age in which the heroes lived is known as the heroic age. The epic and genealogical poetry created cycles of stories clustered around particular heroes or events and established the family relationships between the heroes of different stories; they thus arranged the stories in sequence. According to Ken Dowden, "there is even a saga effect: we can follow the fates of some families in successive generations".

After the rise of the hero cult, gods and heroes constitute the sacral sphere and are invoked together in oaths and prayers which are addressed to them. In contrast to the age of gods, during the heroic age the roster of heroes is never given fixed and final form; great gods are no longer born, but new heroes can always be raised up from the army of the dead. Another important difference between the hero cult and the cult of gods is that the hero becomes the centre of local group identity.

The monumental events of Heracles are regarded as the dawn of the age of heroes. To the Heroic Age are also ascribed three great events: the Argonautic expedition, the Theban Cycle and the Trojan War.

2.5 Roman major deities

In their early years, Roman people had many gods and goddesses called numina, or powers. Unlike the Greek deities, the numina did not have distinctive, well-defined personalities and characteristics. Few stories about them existed. They were simply the

forces that oversaw the activities of daily life. Examples include Janus, god of doorways and archways, and Terminus, god of boundaries. Many early Roman deities were patrons of farming, crops, or the land. Sylvanus, for example, was the protector of woodcutters and plowmen. Other early deities represented virtues or qualities, such as Concordia (goddess of agreement), Fides (goddess of honesty), and Fortuna (goddess of fate or luck).

Captivated by the elaborate and entertaining myths the Greeks had woven around their gods and goddesses, the Romans gradually changed some of their numina into Roman versions of the major Greek deities. The ancient Roman god Saturn, guardian of seeds and planting, became identified with the Titan Cronus, who appeared in Greek mythology as the ancestor of the gods. Aphrodite became Venus, the Roman goddess of love. Zeus and Hera, the king and queen of the Greek gods, became the Roman Jupiter (sometimes called Jove) and Juno.

Mars, a Roman deity first associated with agriculture, took on the characteristics of Ares, the Greek god of war, which explains why the Roman version of this god is concerned with both war and farming. Diana, a traditional Roman goddess of the forests, was identified with Artemis, the Greek goddess of the hunt. Minerva was the Roman version of Athena*, Venus, the Roman goddess of love and beauty, was linked to the Greek goddess Aphrodite. Apollo*, too, was brought into the Roman pantheon, where he was known as both Apollo and Phoebus.

The Romans gave their deities some of the characteristics and even some of the stories associated with the Greek gods and goddesses. They also imported other foreign deities, such as Cybele from near Troy in Asia Minor and the Persian god Mithras. At the same time, in their own homes they continued to worship their traditional household gods, known as the Lares and Penates.

Roman mythology also includes human heroes. Sometimes these mortals became deities. Romulus, the legendary founder of the city of Rome, was thought to have become the god Quirinus. Many emperors were declared gods by the Roman senate after their deaths, and people worshiped them in temples. The most honored heroes, however, were Aeneas, Romulus and Remus, and others from myths about Rome's beginnings and early history.

The myths and legends about Roman history celebrate the virtues that Romans especially prized: duty, self-sacrifice, honor, bravery, and piety. Roman deities, too, tended to represent virtues, without the all-too-human weaknesses and vices of the Greek gods. A Greek historian named Dionysius of Halicarnassus recognized this difference when he wrote that the Roman deities were more moral than the Greek deities because

the Romans had taken only what was good from the old stories and left out all the disgraceful parts.

古希腊罗马神话赏析论文

古 希 腊 罗 马 神 话 赏 析 论 文 院系:电气信息工程学院

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古希腊罗马神话 Prometheus and Man In the conflict between Cronus and Jupiter, Prometheus had adopted the cause of the Olympian deities神明,神灵. To him and his brother Epimetheus was now committed the office of making man and providing him and all other animals with the faculties necessary for their preservation. Epimetheus proceeded to bestow授予 upon the different animals the various gifts of courage, strength, swiftness迅速,敏捷, and sagacity睿智,聪敏. Taking some earth and kneading捏合,捏炼 it with water. Prometheus made man in the image of the gods. He gave him an upright stature身高,身材. Then since Epimetheus had been so prodigal浪子,挥霍者 of his gifts to other animals that no blessing was left worth conferring upon the noblest of creatures, Prometheus ascended to heaven, lighted his torch 火炬,火把at the chariot 二轮战车 of the sun, and brought down fire. But it was only rather grudgingly 勉强地that Jupiter granted mortals人类,凡人 the use of fire. Then there came the occasion that when gods and men were in dispute辩论,争吵 at Sicyon concerning the prerogatives特权 of each, Prometheus, by an ingenious有独创性的 trick, attempted to settle the question in favor of man. Dividing into two portions a sacrificial牺牲的,献祭的 bull, he wrapped all the eatable parts in the skin, cunningly surmounted with uninviting entrails; but the bones he garnished with a plausible mass of fat. He then offered Jupiter his choice. The king of Heaven, although he perceived the intended fraud欺骗,骗子, took the heap of bones and fat, and forthwith立刻,立即 availing himself of this insult as an excuse for punishing mankind, deprived 使丧失,剥夺the race of fire. But Prometheus regained the treasure, stealing it from heaven in a hollow tube. By Jove's order Prometheus was chained to a rock on Mount Caucasus, and subjected to the attack of an eagle which, for ages, preyed upon his liver, yet succeeded not in consuming it. In his steadfastness to withstand the torment痛苦,苦恼,折磨 the Titan was supported by the knowledge that in the thirteenth generation there should arrive a hero, - sprung from Jove himself, - to release him. And in fullness of time the hero did arrive: none other than the mighty Hercules. No higher service, thinks this radiant 辐射的,光芒四射的 and masterful专横的,傲慢的 personage, remains to be performed than to free the champion of mankind. Hercules utters these words to the Titan -- The soul of man can never be enslaved束缚,征服 Save by its own infirmities, nor freed Save by its very strength and own resolve And constant vision and supreme最高的,至高的 endeavor! You will be free? Then, courage, O my brother! O let the soul stand in the open door Of life and death and knowledge and desire And see the peaks of thought kindle点燃,激起 with sunrise!

古希腊罗马神话的特征和对后世的影响

古老而又美丽的希腊罗马神话在人类文化史上具有重大的文学,史学、美学和哲学价值。在浩如云烟的希腊罗马神话之中,有众多的文化沉淀值得人们去发现,有太多的人物故事需要人们去挖掘。“红颜善妒”这话在希腊罗马神话中就可以得到充分的验证。善妒的天后赫拉(Hera/Juno),爱神维纳斯(Aphrodite/Venus)这些尊贵的女神似乎与嫉妒有着不解之缘。她们或是在丈夫花心出轨后对情敌施展报复;或是在比自己出色的女子面前内心失去平衡,肆意迫害欺压。他们利用手中的强权任意欺凌别人,给他人带来了无尽痛苦和灭顶之灾,导致了一幕幕悲剧的上演。嫉妒,这枚毒药,是希腊罗马神话中善用的元素,是一个个奇妙故事展开的导火索。天后赫拉是古希腊神话中奥林匹斯十二主神之一,是主神宙斯(Zeus/Jupiter)的姐姐和妻子,主管婚姻和生育,是忠贞妻子的形象,是妇女的保护神。在奥林匹斯山永生的众神中,天后赫拉分享着她丈夫的权力。她往往以战服的装束出现, 手持钢刀,头戴镶有花叶的冠冕,威风凛凛。她个性专横跋扈,嫉妒心极强,而且相当好战。因此希腊各个地方都在赫拉祭典时举行凯旋大典,所有崇拜这位女神的人几乎都是战功 赫赫的武将。她为宙斯生育了三个孩子:战神阿瑞斯(Ares/Mars),火神赫准斯托斯(Hephaestus/Vulcan)和青春女神赫柏(Hebe)。赫拉作为天后,美貌,高贵,威严,地位尊崇,可她的善妒却是最出名的,因为丈夫宙斯风流成性,喜欢拈花惹草到处留情。据说他共有七位妻子和无数个情人。他喜欢变成各种模样去引诱看上的美丽女子。宙斯婚后仍继续同诸多女神、仙女以及凡人发生恋情,这就使得赫拉极为恼火。尽管赫拉本人主管婚姻和生育,但她自己的婚姻却从没有幸福或平静过。丈夫宙斯拥有绝对的权威,作为一个夫权统治下的妻子,赫拉也反抗过,可是权力和法力都不如丈夫的她只好屈服。赫拉曾经为此受到惩罚,她的双脚被缚在铁砧上,双手用金链捆绑着,倒吊在半空中示众,奥林匹斯山上所有的神都慑服于宙斯的震怒不敢靠近他为天后求情。她管不了自己的丈夫,就把怒气撒在了那些被骗的可怜的情敌身上,于是她把大部分力气用于追捕、惩罚和迫害她丈夫的情妇和私生子们。她从不宽容或饶恕宙斯所爱的任何女性,并对她们肆意进行迫害。比如赫拉驱逐勒托(Leto),不让她在大地上分娩,致使勒托分娩前无处容身,所以阿波罗(Apollo)和孪生姐姐阿尔忒弥斯(Artemis/Diana)就出生在一个新建的水上浮岛提落岛(Delos)上。同样是因为赫拉,河神之女伊娥(Io)被宙斯变为小母牛,四处流浪,后来赫拉又派牛虻叮咬她,使她受尽苦难,逃离希腊流落至埃及;[1] 而酒神狄奥尼索斯(Dionysus/Bacchus)之母塞墨勒(Semele)的下场更惨。发现了塞墨勒的怀中有了宙斯的孩子,赫拉就化作塞墨勒的老乳母去哄骗她看看宙斯的真面目,最后导致肉眼凡胎的塞墨勒被神火烧死;天后赫拉还念咒把无辜的卡利斯托(Callisto)由美女变成黑乎乎的大母熊(这就是以后的大熊星座),她又挑拨阿尔忒弥斯去射死了卡利斯托。赫拉对宙斯和情人所生子女也进行残忍的迫害。比如酒神狄奥尼索斯遭到赫拉的迫害,流亡人间,历尽沧桑;而宙斯与凡间女子阿尔克墨涅(Alcmene)所生之子大英雄赫拉克勒斯(Heracles/Hercules)同样受到了赫拉的残忍迫害,一生饱受磨难直至最后惨死。宙斯原本预言赫拉克勒斯出生后将会成为国王,未来有着光辉前途,赫拉不情愿这种光荣归于自己情敌的儿子,就施展诡计,让欧律斯透斯(Eurystheus)提前出世,而后来出生的赫拉克勒斯却成了他的臣民。在赫拉克勒斯只有十个月大时,赫拉派出两条毒蛇去咬死摇篮中的赫拉克勒斯,不过阴谋没有得逞。赫拉克勒斯成家立业后,赫拉刺激赫拉克勒斯使他一时神经错乱,杀死了自己的孩子。后来又派了一个马人调戏赫拉克勒斯的妻子,进而导致赫拉克勒斯毒发身亡和妻子的内疚自杀。赫拉的嫉妒心强到了可怕的地步,她不仅不放过自己的情敌,而且对于与情敌有关的事物也难以忍受。她痛恨一个名叫埃葵娜(Aegina)的王国,因为这是她情敌的名字,它勾起她的满腔愤恨。她给全岛送去可怕的瘟疫,以至于尸横遍野,一片恶臭。因为她的一己私怨,无数的无辜者失去了生命,成为他们情感纠葛的殉葬品。在希腊罗马神话中,描写赫拉优点的情节很少,比如她化成老妇人考验伊阿宋(Jason)随后就暗中帮助他远征获取金羊毛,其它的多数是描写她监视丈夫,谋害情敌,天后赫拉好像没什么正事可干,她是一个典型的妒妇形象。赫拉最出名的故事是她与雅典娜(Athena/Minerva)、维纳斯抢夺那个“献给最美者”的金苹果,特洛伊王子帕里斯(Paris)把金苹果判给维纳斯后,赫拉就开始了对特洛伊人的报复,在长达十年的特洛伊战争中暗中帮助希腊人,最终使特洛伊血流成河,灰飞烟灭,而这正说明她的争强好胜,心胸狭隘和残忍自私。可以说,赫拉既可敬,可怜,又可恨。可敬的是尽管宙斯的绯闻不断令她颜面尽失,可她却是个忠实称职的妻子,从未对婚姻有过背叛,尽职尽责地履行妻子的责任和义务,为他生儿育女,帮助管理天庭;可怜的是,她始终活在丈夫花心的阴影之下,她的爱情婚姻生活没有什么幸福可言。当初宙斯向她求爱被赫拉拒绝,后来宙斯变成杜鹃鸟去诱骗赫拉,她被迫嫁与宙斯。可见赫拉对花心的宙斯最初是不满意的,婚姻是无奈之举。而婚后宙斯不断地偷腥,婚外生子,这都令她伤心痛苦,使她尊严扫地,而她还得想方设法拉回宙斯喜新厌旧的花花心肠,她把监视丈夫和报复情敌当成了生活重心,赫拉活得

古希腊罗马神话选修课考试题

1.An Apple of Discord争斗之源;不和之因;祸根 An Apple of Discord直译为“纠纷的苹果”,出自荷马史诗Iliad中的希腊神话故事 传说希腊阿耳戈英雄(Argonaut)珀琉斯(Peleus)和爱琴海海神涅柔斯的女儿西蒂斯(Thetis)在珀利翁山举行婚礼,大摆宴席。他们邀请了奥林匹斯上(Olympus)的诸神参加喜筵,不知是有意还是无心,惟独没有邀请掌管争执的女神厄里斯(Eris)。这位女神恼羞成怒,决定在这次喜筵上制造不和。于是,她不请自来,并悄悄在筵席上放了一个金苹果,上面镌刻着“属于最美者”几个字。天后赫拉(Hera),智慧女神雅典娜(Athena)、爱与美之神阿芙罗狄蒂(Aphrodite),都自以为最美,应得金苹果,获得“最美者”称号。她们争执不下,闹到众神之父宙斯(Zeus)那里,但宙斯碍于难言之隐,不愿偏袒任何一方,就要她们去找特洛伊的王子帕里斯(Paris)评判。三位女神为了获得金苹果,都各自私许帕里斯以某种好处:赫拉许给他以广袤国土和掌握富饶财宝的权利,雅典娜许以文武全才和胜利的荣誉,阿芙罗狄蒂则许他成为世界上最美艳女子的丈夫。年青的帕里斯在富贵、荣誉和美女之间选择了后者,便把金苹果判给爱与美之神。为此,赫拉和雅典娜怀恨帕里斯,连带也憎恨整个特洛伊人。后来阿芙罗狄蒂为了履行诺言,帮助帕里斯拐走了斯巴达国王墨涅俄斯的王后---绝世美女海伦(Helen),从而引起了历时10年的特洛伊战争。不和女神厄里斯丢下的那个苹果,不仅成了天上3位女神之间不和的根源,而且也成为了人间2个民族之间战争的起因。因此,在英语中产生了an apple of discord这个成语,常用来比喻any subject of disagreement and contention;the root of the trouble;dispute等意义 这个成语最初为公元2世纪时的古罗马历史学家马克?朱里?尤斯丁(Marcus Juninus Justinus)所使用,后来广泛的流传到欧洲许多语言中去,成为了一个国际性成语。 eg: He throwing us an apple of discord,we soon quarrelled again. The dispute about inheriting estate formed an apple of discord between them. This problem seems to be an apple of discord between the Soviet union and the USA. 2.The Heel of Achilles 亦作The Achilles’ Heel唯一弱点;薄弱环节;要害 The Heel of Achilles直译是“阿基里斯的脚踵”,是个在欧洲广泛流行的国际性成语。它源自荷马史诗Iliad中的希腊神话故事。 阿基里斯是希腊联军里最英勇善战的骁将,也是荷马史诗Iliad里的主要人物之一。传说他是希腊密耳弥多涅斯人的国王珀琉斯和海神的女儿西蒂斯所生的儿子。阿基里斯瓜瓜坠地以后,母亲想使儿子健壮永生,把他放在火里锻炼,又捏着他的脚踵倒浸在冥河(Styx)圣水里浸泡。因此阿基里斯浑身象钢筋铁骨,刀枪不入,只有脚踵部位被母亲的手捏住,没有沾到冥河圣水,成为他的唯一要害。在特洛伊战争中,阿基里斯骁勇无敌,所向披靡,杀死了特洛伊主将,著名英雄赫克托耳(Hector),而特洛伊的任何武器都无法伤害他的身躯。后来,太阳神阿波罗(Apollo)把阿基里斯的弱点告诉了特洛伊王子帕里斯,阿基里斯终于被帕里斯诱到城门口,用暗箭射中他的脚踵,负伤而死。 因此,the heel of Achilles,也称the Achilles’ heel,常用以表示a weak point in something that is otherwise without fault;the weakest spot等意思。 eg:The shortage of fortitude is his heel of Achilles. His Achilles’ heel was his pride--he would get very angry if anyone criticized his work.3.Helen of Troy 3.Helen of Troy 直译"特洛伊的海伦",源自源自荷马史诗Iliad中的希腊神话故事。 Helen是希腊的绝世佳人,美艳无比,嫁给希腊南部邦城斯巴达国王墨涅俄斯(Menelaus)为妻。后来,特洛伊王子帕里斯奉命出事希腊,在斯巴达国王那里做客,他在爱与美之神阿芙罗狄蒂的帮助下,趁着墨涅俄斯外出之际,诱走海伦,还带走了很多财宝 此事激起了希腊各部族的公愤,墨涅俄斯发誓说,宁死也要夺回海轮,报仇雪恨。为此,在希腊各城邦英雄的赞助下,调集十万大军和1180条战船,组成了希腊联军,公推墨涅俄斯的哥哥阿枷门农(Agamemnon)为联军统帅,浩浩荡荡,跨海东征,攻打特洛伊城,企图用武力夺回海轮。双方大战10年,死伤无数,许多英雄战死在沙场。甚至连奥林匹斯山的众神也分成2个阵营,有些支持希腊人,有些帮助特洛伊人,,彼此展开了一场持久的恶斗。最后希腊联军采用足智多谋的奥德修斯(Odusseus)的“木马计”,

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