医学英语翻译常用专业词汇
这里汇聚了中西医学行业的大部分英语词汇和详细解说，如果要查询相关词汇，你可以点此word文档工具栏的“编辑”，找到“查找”，然后点开输入你要查询的词汇就可以查询了。
西医篇：
1、医院部门及科室名称
2、医务人员名称
3、诊断和治疗常用词汇
4、常见疾病名称
5、常见手术名称
6、常用药物名称
7、常用护理术语
8、常用临床医学术语
9、医疗器材
10、医学英语快速记忆－后缀
11、主要人体系统名称
12、医院类型名称
13、医学词汇
14、医学常用字首与字根
1.医院部门及科室名称
out-patient department 门诊部
In-patient department 住院部
Nursing department 护理部
Admission office 住院处
Discharge office 出院处
Registration office 挂号处
Reception room, waiting room 侯诊室
Consultation room 诊察室
Isolation room 隔离室
Delivery room 分娩室
Emergency room 急诊室
Ward 病房室
Department of internal medicine 内科
Department of surgery 外科
Department of pediatrics 儿科
Department of obstetrics and gynecology 妇科Department of neurology 神经科
Department of ophtalmology 眼科
E.N.T.department 耳鼻喉科
Department of stomatology 口腔科
Department of urology 泌尿科
Department of orthopedic 骨科
Department of traumatology 创伤科
Department of endocrinology 内分泌科Department of anesthesiology 麻醉科Department of dermatology 皮肤科Department of infectious diseases 传染病科Department of pathology 病理科Department of psychiatry 精神科Department of orthopacdic surgery 矫形外科Department of cardiac surgery 心脏外科Department of cerebral surgery 脑外科Department of thoracic surgery 胸外科Pharmacy dispensary 药房
Nutrition department 营养部
Diet-preparation department 配膳室Therapeutic department 治疗室
Operating room/Theater 手术室
Blood-bank 血站Supply-room 供应室Disinfection-room 消毒室
Dressing room 换药室
Mortuary 太平间
Record room 病案室
Department of plastic surgery 矫形外科Department of physiotherapy 理疗科electrotherapy room 电疗科
heliotherapy room 光疗科
wax-therapy room 蜡疗科
hydrotherapy room 水疗科
central laboratory 中心实验室
clinical laboratory 临床实验室bacteriological laboratory 细菌实验室biochemical laboratory 生化实验室serological laboratory 血清实验室
X-ray room X光室
doctor’s office 医生办公室
nurse’s office 护士办公室
2.医务人员名称
director of the hospital 院长
physician 内科医师
chief physician 主任医师
associate chief physician 副主任医师attending doctor 主治医师
resident doctor 住院医师
intern doctor 实习医师
general practitioner 全科医师
specialist 专科医师
head of the nursing department 护理部主任Head nurse 护士长
Student nurse 实习护士
E.N.T.doctor 耳鼻喉科医师
Ophthalmologist 眼科医师
Dentist 牙科医师
Orthopedist 骨科医师
Dermatologist 皮肤科医师
urologist surgeon 泌尿外科医师
neurosurgeon 神经外科医师
plastic surgeon 矫形外科医师
anaesthetist 麻醉科医师
Doctor for tuberculosis 结核科医师Physiotherapist 理疗科
Doctor for infectious diseases 传染病科Dietician 营养科医师
Pediatrician 儿科医师
Obstetrician 产科医师
Midwife 助产师
Gynecologist 妇科医师
Radiologist 放射科医师
Epidemiologist 流行病医师
Pharmacist 药剂医师
Assistant pharmacist 药剂医士
Laboratory technician 化验员
Assistant nurse 卫生员
Cleaner 清洁员
Controller 总务科长
Registrar 挂号员
Sanitation worker 消毒员
3.诊断和治疗常用词汇
inspection 望诊
inquiry 问诊
auscultation 听诊
percussion 扣诊
palpation 触诊
biopsy 活组织检查
pathological section 病理切片
endoscopy 内窥镜检查
ECG(electrocardiogram) examination 心电图检查EEG(electrocardiogram) examination 脑电图检查Intravenous pyelography 静脉肾盂造影术
Skin-test 皮肤试验
examination by centesis 穿刺检查
routine analysis of blood 血常规分析
urine analysis of blood 尿常规分析
red blood cell count(RBC) 红细胞计数
white blood cell count(WBC) 白细胞计数
general check-up 全身检查
routine examination 常规检查follow-up examination 随访检查consultation 会诊
emergency 急诊
diagnosis 诊断
prognosis 预后convalescence, recovery 康复relapse 复发
treatment 治疗
prescribe 开药方
fill a prescription 配药
injecting 打针
hypodermic injection 皮下注射intramuscular injection 肌肉注射intravenous injection 静脉注射inoculating 预防注射
fluid infusion 点滴注射
blood transfusion 输血
dose 剂量
tablet 药片
capsule 胶囊
liquid medicine 药水
powder 药粉
ointment 药膏（软膏）
plaster 硬膏，石膏
lotion 洗剂
suppository 栓剂
analgesics 止痛药
antipyetics 退烧药
antitussive 止咳药
expectorant 祛痰药
diuretics 利尿药
hemostatic 止血药antidiarrheal 止泄药
antipruritic 止痒药
antidote 解毒药
antirheumatic 抗风湿药anticarcinogen 抗癌药antibiotics 抗菌素anticoagulant 抗凝剂
cardiac tonic 强心药vasodilator 血管舒张药vasoconstrictor 血管收缩药antiepileptic 抗癫痫药antispasmodic 解痉药
sedative 镇静药
anesthetics 麻醉药
penicillin 盘尼西林
streptomycin 链霉素
gentamycin 庆大霉素
aspirin 阿斯匹林
morphine 吗啡
dolantin 杜冷丁
iodine 碘酒
distilled water 蒸馏水
normal saline solution 生理食盐水atropine 阿托品
hormone 激素
glucose 葡萄糖
side effect, adverse effect 副作用operative treatment 手术疗法
major operation 大手术
minor operation 小手术
anesthesia 麻醉
general anesthesia 全身麻醉
local anesthesia 局部麻醉excision, removal, resection 切除术tonsillectomy 扁桃体切除术thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术pneumonectomy 肺切除术mastectomy 乳房切除术gastrectomy 胃切除术cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术hepalobectomy 肝叶切除术splenectomy 脾切除术nephrectomy 肾切除术salpingectomy 输卵管切除术hysterectomy 子宫切除术hysteromyomectomy 子宫肌瘤切除术proctectomy 直肠切除术appendectomy 阑尾切除术prostatectomy 前列腺切除术tracheotomy 气管切开术
incision of abscess 脓肿切开术craniotomy 颅骨切开
thoracotomy 胸廓切开
laparotomy 剖腹术
amputation 截肢
fixation 固定
hot compress 热敷
cold compress 冷敷
gastric lavage 洗胃
enema 灌肠
urethral catheterication 导尿hemostasis 止血dressing 包扎
sew up the incision 缝合切口
remove the stitches 拆线
cardiac massage 心脏按摩
artificial respiration 人工呼吸
diet 饮食
special diet 特定饮食
low protein diet 低蛋白饮食
low fat diet 低脂肪饮食
low calorie diet 低热量饮食
liquid diet 流质饮食
semi-liquid diet 半流质饮食
solid diet 固体饮食
light diet 易消化的饮食
vegetable diet 素食
4.常见疾病名称
Internal Medicine 内科
Acidosis 酸中毒
Adams-Stokes syndrome 亚－斯氏综合症alcoholism, alcoholic intoxication 酒精中毒alkalosis 碱中毒
anaphylaxis 过敏症
anemia 贫血
iron deficiency anemia 缺铁性贫血megaloblastic anemia 巨幼红细胞性贫血
aplastic anemia 再生障碍性贫血
angiitis 脉管炎
angina pectoris 心绞痛
arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化
apoplexy 中风
auricular fibrillation 心房纤颤
auriculo-ventricular block 房室传导阻滞
bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘
bronchitis 支气管炎
bronchiectasis 支气管扩张
bronchopneumonia 支气管肺炎
carcinoma 癌
cardiac arrhythmia 心律紊乱
cardiac failure 心力衰竭
cardiomyopathy 心肌病
cirrhosis 肝硬化
coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease 冠状动脉硬化性心脏病
Crohn disease 克罗恩病
Cushing’s syndr ome 库欣综合症
diabetes 糖尿病
diffuse intravascular coagulation 弥散性血管凝血dysentery 痢疾
enteritis 肠炎
gastric ulcer 胃溃疡
gastritis 胃炎
gout 痛风
hepatitis 肝炎
Hodgkin’s disease 霍奇金病
hyperlipemia 高脂血症，血脂过多hyperparathyroidism 甲状旁腺功能亢进hypersplenism 脾功能亢进
hypertension 高血压
hyperthyroidism 甲状腺功能亢进
hypoglycemia 低血糖
hypothyroidism 甲状腺功能减退
infective endocarditis 感染性心内膜炎
influenza 流感
leukemia 白血病
lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎
lymphadenitis 淋巴结炎
lymphoma 淋巴瘤
malaria 疟疾
malnutrition 营养不良
measles 麻疹
myeloma 骨髓瘤
myocardial infarction 心肌梗死
myocarditis 心肌炎
nephritis 肾炎
nephritic syndrome 肾综合症
obstructive pulmonary emphysema 阻塞性肺气肿pancreatitis 胰腺炎
peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡
peritonitis 腹膜炎
pleuritis 胸膜炎
pneumonia 肺炎
pneumothorax 气胸
purpura 紫癜
allergic purpura 过敏性紫癜
thrombocytolytic purpura 血小板减少性紫癜pyelonephritis 肾盂肾炎
renal failure 肾功能衰竭
rheumatic fever 风湿病
rheumatoid arthritis 类风湿性关节炎
scarlet fever 猩红热
septicemia 败血症
syphilis 梅毒
tachycardia 心动过速tumour 肿瘤
typhoid 伤寒
ulcerative colitis 溃疡性结肠炎
upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage 上消化道血
Neurology 神经科
brain abscess 脑脓肿
cerebral embolism 脑栓塞
cerebral infarction 脑梗死
cerebral thrombosis 脑血栓
cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血
concussion of brain 脑震荡
craniocerebral injury 颅脑损伤
epilepsy 癫痫
intracranial tumour 颅内肿瘤
intracranial hematoma 颅内血肿
meningitis 脑膜炎
migraine 偏头痛
neurasthenia 神经衰弱
neurosis 神经官能症
paranoid psychosis 偏执性精神病
Parkinson’s disease 帕金森综合症
psychosis 精神病
schizophrenia 精神分裂症
Surgery 外科
abdominal external hernia 腹外疝
acute diffuse peritonitis 急性弥漫性腹膜炎
acute mastitis 急性乳腺炎
acute pancreatitis 急性胰腺炎
acute perforation of gastro-duodenal ulcer急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔
acute pyelonephritis 急性肾盂肾炎
anal fissure 肛裂
anal fistula 肛瘘
anesthesia 麻醉
angioma 血管瘤
appendicitis 阑尾炎
bleeding of gastro-duodenal ulcer 胃十二指肠溃疡出血
bone tumour 骨肿瘤
breast adenoma 乳房腺瘤
burn 烧伤
cancer of breast 乳腺癌
carbuncle 痈
carcinoma of colon 结肠炎
carcinoma of esophagus 食管癌carcinoma of gallbladder 胆囊癌carcinoma of rectum 直肠癌
carcinoma of stomach 胃癌
cholecystitis 胆囊炎
cervical spondylosis 颈椎病
choledochitis 胆管炎
cholelithiasis 胆石症
chondroma 软骨瘤
dislocation of joint 关节脱位
erysipelas 丹毒
fracture 骨折
furuncle 疖
hemorrhoid 痔
hemothorax 血胸
hypertrophy of prostate 前列腺肥大intestinal obstruction 肠梗阻
intestinal tuberculosis 肠结核
lipoma 脂肪瘤
lithangiuria 尿路结石
liver abscess 肝脓肿
melanoma 黑色素瘤
osseous tuberculosis 骨结核osteoclastoma 骨巨细胞瘤
osteoporosis 骨质疏松症
osteosarcoma 骨质疏松症
osteosarcoma 骨肉瘤
Paget’s disease 佩吉特病
perianorecrtal abscess 肛管直肠周围脓肿phlegmon 蜂窝织炎
portal hypertension 门静脉高压
prostatitis 前列腺炎
protrusion of intervertebral disc 椎间盘突出purulent arthritis 化脓性关节炎
pyogenic ostcomyclitis 化脓性骨髓炎pyothorax 脓胸
rectal polyp 直肠息肉
rheumatoid arthritis 类风湿性关节炎rupture of spleen 脾破裂
scapulohumeral periarthritis 肩周炎tenosynovitis 腱鞘炎
tetanus 破伤风
thromboangiitis 血栓性脉管炎
thyroid adenocarcinoma 甲状腺腺癌thyroid adenoma 甲状腺腺瘤
trauma 创伤
urinary infection 泌尿系感染varicose vein of lower limb 下肢静脉曲张
Paediatrics 儿科
acute military tuberculosis of the lung 急性粟粒性肺结核
acute necrotic enteritis 急性坏死性结肠炎anaphylactic purpura 过敏性紫癜ancylostomiasis 钩虫病
ascariasis 蛔虫病
asphyxia of the newborn 新生儿窒息
atrial septal defect 房间隔缺损
birth injury 产伤
cephalhematoma 头颅血肿
cerebral palsy 脑性瘫痪
congenital torticollis 先天性斜颈
convulsion 惊厥
Down’s syndrome 唐氏综合症glomerulonephritis 肾小球肾炎
hemophilia 血友病
infantile diarrhea 婴儿腹泻
intracranial hemorrhage of the newborn 新生儿颅内出血
intussusception 肠套叠
necrotic enterocolitis of newborn 新生儿坏死性小肠结膜炎
neonatal jaundice 新生儿黄疸
nutritional iron deficiency anemia 营养性缺铁性贫血
nutritional megaloblastic anemia 营养性巨幼细胞性贫血
patent ductus arteriosis 动脉导管未闭poliomyelitis 骨髓灰质炎
premature infant 早产儿
primary tuberculosis 原发性肺结核
progressive muscular dystrophy 进行性肌肉营养不良
pulmonary stenosis 肺动脉狭窄
purulent meningitis 化脓性脑膜炎
rickets 佝偻病
sepsis of the newborn 新生儿败血症
tetanus of the newborn 新生儿破伤风
tetralogy of Fallot 法洛四联症
thrush 鹅口疮，真菌性口炎
varicella 水痘
ventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损
viral encephalitis 病毒性脑炎
viral myocarditis 病毒性心肌炎
Gynecology and Obstetrics 妇，产科
abortion 流产
adenomyosis 子宫内膜异位症
amniotic fluid embolism 羊水栓塞
Bartholin’s cyst 巴氏腺囊肿
carcinoma of cervix 子宫颈癌
carcinoma of endometrium 子宫内膜癌
carcinoma of ovary 卵巢癌
cervicitis 宫颈炎
chorio-epithelioma 绒毛膜上皮癌
corpora luteum cyst 黄体囊肿
dystocia 难产
eclampsia 子痫
edema-proteinuria-hypertension syndrome
水肿蛋白尿高血压综合征（妊娠高血压综合征）endometriosis 子宫内膜异位症
extrauterine pregnancy 子宫外孕
hydatidiform mole 葡萄胎
hyperemesis gravidarum 妊娠剧吐
infertility 不育症
irregular menstruation 月经失调
lochia 恶露
monilial vaginitis 念珠菌性阴道炎
multiple pregnancy 多胎妊娠
myoma of uterus 子宫肿瘤
oligohydramnios 羊水过少
ovarian tumour 卵巢肿瘤
pelvic inflammatory disease 盆腔炎
placenta previa 前置胎盘
placental abruption 胎盘早期剥离
pregnancy-hypertension syndrome 妊娠高血压综合症
premature birth 早产
premature rupture of membrane 胎膜早破postpartum hemorrhage 产后出血
puerperal infection 产褥感染
rupture of uterus 子宫破裂
trichomonas vaginitis 滴虫性阴道炎uteroplacental apoplexy 子宫胎盘卒中
vulvitis 外阴炎
Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology 五官科amblyopia 弱视amygdalitis, tonsillitis 扁桃体炎astigmatism 散光
carcinoma of nasopharynx鼻咽癌carcinoma of larynx 喉癌
cataract 白内障
tinnitus 耳鸣
chalazion 霰粒肿，脸板腺囊肿
colour blindness 色盲
deflection of nasal septum 鼻中隔偏曲deafness 聋
furuncle of nasalvestibule 鼻前庭疖glaucoma 青光眼
heterotropia 斜视
hyperopia 远视
injury of cornea 角膜损伤
ceruminal impaction 耵聍嵌塞
iritis 虹膜炎
keratitis 角膜炎
labyrinthitis 迷路炎，内耳炎laryngitis 喉炎
mastoiditis 乳突炎
myopia 近视
nasal sinusitis 鼻窦炎
otitis media 中耳炎
obstruction of larynx 喉梗阻peritonsillar abscess 扁桃体中脓肿pharyngitis 咽炎
rhinitis 鼻炎
Dermatoloty 皮科
acne 痤疮
carcinoma of skin 皮肤癌
bed sore 褥疮
decubitus ulcer 褥疮性溃疡
drug eruption 药皮疹
eczema 湿疹
herpes simplex 单纯疱疹
herpes zoster 带状疱疹
lupus erythematosis 红斑狼疮psoriasis 牛皮癣
urticaria 荨麻疹
wart 疣
5.常见手术名称
General Sugery 普外
appendectomy (appendicectomy) 阑尾切除术cholecystectmy 胆囊切除术
cholecystostomy 胆囊造口术
drainage of the abscess 脓肿引流
enterostomy 肠造口术
exploratory laparotomy 开腹探查术
gastrectomy 胃切除术
gastroduodenostomy 胃十二指肠吻合术hemorrhoidectomy 痔切除术
hepaticotomy 肝管切开术
hepatectomy 肝切除术
herniorrhaphy 疝修补术
ligation of lower oesophageal veins 低位食管静脉结扎
pancreatectomy 胰切除术
portal vena cava anastomosis 门腔静脉吻合术pyloroplasty 幽门成形术
mastectomy 乳房切除术
splenectomy 脾切除术
thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术
thyroid lobectomy 甲状腺叶切除术
vagotomy 迷走神经切断术
Orthopedics 骨科
amputation 截肢
arthrodesis 关节固定术
curettage if bone tumor 骨瘤刮除术
excision of bone tumor 骨瘤切除术
external fixation 外固定
fasciotomy 筋膜切开术
free skin graft 自由皮瓣移植
internal fixation 内固定
plaster cast 石膏管形
plaster splintage 石膏夹板固定
prosthetic replacement for joint 人工关节置换术reduction of fracture 骨折复位
reduction of joint dislocation 关节脱位复位
repair if ligament 韧带修补
replantation if digit断指再植
skeletal traction 骨牵引
tenorrhaphy 腱缝合术
Thoracic Surgery 胸外科
aortocoronary bypass 主动脉冠状动脉分流
closed drainage of pleural cavity 胸腔闭式引流complete intracardiac repair of Fallot’s Tetralogy 法洛完全修复术
dilation of aortic valular stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄扩张术
exploratory thoracotomy 开胸探查
heart transplantation 心脏移植
heart valve replacement 心脏瓣膜置换术
ligation of patent ductus arteriosis 动脉导管未闭结扎术
lobectomy of lungs 肺叶切除
local excision of tumor of lungs 肺肿瘤局部切除术parial esophagectomy and reconstruction of esophagus
食管部分切除、重建
repair of auricular septal defect 房间隔缺损修补术repair if ventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损修补术
repair if valvular insufficiency 瓣膜闭锁不全的修补pericardiectomy 心包切除术
peicardiotomy 心包切开术
pulmonary embolectomy 肺动脉栓子切除术resection of arterial aneurysm动脉瘤切除术
Urology 泌尿科
cystoplasty 膀胱成形术
cystostomy 膀胱造口术
nephrectomy 肾切除术
nephrostomy肾造口术
nephrolithotomy肾石切除术
orchiectomy睾丸切除术
prostatectomy前列腺切除术
renal biopsy肾活检
renal transplantation肾移植
urethra-lithotomy输尿管结石切除
urethroplasty 尿道成形术
vasoligation 输精管结扎术
Neurosurgery 神经外科
decompression 减压术
excision of brain tumor 脑瘤切除术
exploratory craniotomy开颅探查术
lobectomy （脑）叶切除术
removed of intracranial hematoma 颅内血肿清除术
repair of dura defect 硬脑膜缺损修补术
Dentistry 牙科
dental prosthetics 镶牙
filling 牙填充
orthodontic treatment 牙矫正术
periodontal treatment 牙周治疗
tooth extraction 拔牙
Gynecology & Obstetrics 妇产科
amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术
cervicectomy 子宫颈切除术
cesarean section 剖宫产术剖腹产
culdocentesis 后穹隆穿刺术
dilatation of the cervix 宫颈扩张术
excision of Bartholin cyst 巴氏腺囊肿切除术hysterectomy 子宫切除术
induction of labor 引产术
ovarian cystectomy 助产术
oophorectomy 卵巢切除术
salpingectomy 输卵管切除术
sterilization 绝育术
uterine curetlage 刮宫术
vulvectomy 外阴切除术
Ophthalmology & Otorhinolaryngology 五官科aspiration of cataract 白内障吸出术
closed reduction of nasal bone 鼻骨闭合复位corneal grafting 角膜移植
enucleation of eyeball 眼球摘除术
excision of turbinates 鼻甲切除术
extraction of intra-ocular foreign body 眼内异物摘除laryngectomy and laryngostomy 喉切除术和喉造口术
lens extraction 晶体摘除
mastoidectomy 乳突切开术
myringotomy 鼓膜切开术
myringoplasty 鼓膜成形术
nasal polypectomy 鼻息肉切除术
septoplasty （鼻）中隔成形术
sinusotomy 鼻窦切开术
submuscous resection of nasal septum 鼻中隔粘膜下切除术
tonsillectomy 扁桃体切除术
tympanoplasty 鼓室成形术
6.常用药物名称
Antibiotics 抗生素
albomycin 白霉素
ampicillin 氨苄青霉素berberine 黄连素
carbenicillin 羧苄青霉素
cephaloridine 先锋霉素II
cephtlothin 先锋霉素I
chloromycetin 氯霉素
erythromycin 红霉素
furbenicillin 呋苄青霉素
gentamycin 庆大霉素
griseofulvin 灰黄霉素
kanamycin 卡那霉素
meecamycin, medemycin 麦迪加霉素，麦迪霉素neomycin 新霉素
penicillin G 青霉素G
polymyxin B 多粘菌素B
streptomycin 链霉素
terramycin 合霉素
terramycin 土霉素
Sulfonamides and Furane Derivatives 磺胺类及呋喃类药
furacilin 呋喃西林
furazolicone 呋喃唑酮，痢特灵
sulfacetamide (SA) 磺胺醋酰
sulfaciazine (SD) 磺胺嘧啶
sulfadimidine (SM2) 磺胺二甲嘧啶sulfamethoxazole 新诺明，磺胺甲噁唑trimethoprim (TMP) 增效磺胺
Sedatives and Tranquilizers 镇静、安定药chlordiazepoxide, librium 利眠宁chlorpromazine, wintermine 氯丙嗪,冬眠药diazepam, valium 地西泮，安定
fluphenazine 氟奋乃静
meprobamate, miltown 甲丙氨酯，眠尔通oryzanol 谷维素
pentobarbital 戊巴比妥
perphenazine 奋乃静
phenobarbital, luminal 本巴比妥，鲁米那
Analgesics 镇痛药
codeine phosphate 磷酸可待因
dolantin, pethidine 度冷丁，哌替啶
opium tincture 阿片酊
pentazocine 镇痛新
Analgesics 解热镇痛药
analgin 安乃近
aspirin 阿司匹林
aspirin compound tablet (APC) 复方阿司匹林butazolidin, butazone 保泰松
chlofenamic acid 抗风湿灵，氯灭酸indomethacin, indacin 吲哆美辛，消炎痛
ibuprofen 布洛芬
paracetamol 对乙酰氨基酚，扑热息痛
phenacetin 非那西丁
somedon 索密痛
Atitussives and Bronchial Spasm Relaxants 镇咳、解痉药
aerosol isoprenaline异丙肾上腺素气雾剂aminophylline 氨茶碱
carbetapentane, toclase 咳必清
brown mixture棕色合剂，复方干草合剂chloperastine 咳平
ephedrine 麻黄素
isoprenaline 异丙肾上腺素
salbutamol 舒喘灵
Drags for Digestive Diseases 消化系统疾病用药yeast 酵母片
Lactasin, biofermin 乳酶生
pancreatin 胰酶
pepsin 胃蛋白酶
atropine 阿托品
belladonna extract 颠茄浸膏
benactyzine 胃复康
probanthine 普鲁苯辛
sodium bicarbonate 小苏打
vitamin U 维生素U
ranitidine 雷尼替丁
liquid paraffin 液体石蜡
magnesium sulfate 硫酸镁
dehydrocholic acid 去氢胆酸
glucurone 肝泰乐
glutamic acid 谷氨酸
sodium taurocholate 胆酸钠
Drugs for Cardiovascular Diseases 心血管疾病用药lidocaine 利多卡因
mexiletine 美西律
oxprenolol 氧烯洛尔，心得平
procainamid hydrochloride 盐酸普鲁卡因胺propranolol dinitrate 普萘洛尔，心得安
persantin 双咪哌胺醇，潘生丁quinidine 奎尼丁
verapamil 异博定
nitroglycerine 硝酸甘油
nifedipine 硝苯地平，心痛定
isosorbide dinitrate 硝酸异山梨酯，消心痛digoxin 地高辛
digitoxin 洋地黄毒甙
cedilanid 西地兰
Antihypertensive Drugs 抗高血压药
atenolol 氨酰心安
captopril 开博通，卡托普利
furazosin 派唑嗪
methyl dopa 甲基多巴
nimodipine tablet尼莫地平片
reserpine 利血平
sodium nitroprusside 硝普钠
vertical 降压灵
dibazol 地巴唑
Antituberculosis Drugs 抗结核药
ethambutol 乙胺丁醇
isoniazid 异烟肼
para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) 对氨基水杨酸pyrazinamide 吡嗪酰胺
rifampin利福平
Antifungal and Antiviral Agents 抗真菌及抗病毒药amphotericin 二性霉素
clotrimazole 克霉唑
flagyl 灭滴灵，甲硝唑
ketoconazole 酮康唑
nystatin 制霉菌素
amantadine 金刚烷胺，金刚胺
moroxydine(ABOB) 病毒灵，吗啉胍
Antianemic Agents 抗贫血药
calcium leucovorin 甲酰四氢叶酸钙，甲叶钙cobalt chloride 氯化钴
ferric ammonium citrate 枸橼酸铁胺，柠檬酸铁胺ferrous sulfate 硫酸亚铁，硫酸低铁
folic acid 叶酸
iron dextran 右旋糖酐铁
lliver extract 肝精
vitamin B12 维生素B12
Anti-allergic Agents 抗过敏药
calcium gluconate 葡萄糖酸钙
chlorpheniramine 扑尔敏
diphenhydramine, benadryl 苯海拉明，苯那君histaglobulin 组织胺球蛋白
promethazine, phenergan 异丙嗪，非那根
Anthelminthics 驱肠虫药
areca 槟榔
levamisole 左旋咪唑，驱钩蛔
piperazine citrate 驱蛔灵
Vitamins 维生素
compound rutin 复方芦丁
calcium pantothenate 泛酸钙
nicotinamide(NAA) 烟酰胺
nicotinic acid(NA) 烟酸
pyritinol hydrochloricde 脑复新
vitamin A 维生素A
vitamin B1 维生素B1
vitamin B2, riboflavin维生素B2，核黄素
vitamin B6, pyridoxine 维生素B6，吡哆醇
vitamin B compound 复合维生素B
vitamin C, ascorbic acid 维生素C，抗坏血酸vitamin D2, calciferol 维生素D2，骨化醇
vitamin D3, cholecalciferol 维生素D3，胆维丁vitamin E, tocopherol 维生素E，生育酚
Hormones 激素
corticotrophin (ACTH) 促肾上腺皮质激素
cortisone 可的松
desoxycorticosterone (DOCA) 去氧皮质酮dexamethasone 地塞米松
fluocinolone acetonide 肤轻松
hydrocortisone氢化可的松
prednisolone强的松龙，去氢氢化可的松prednisone 强的松，去氢可的松
chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) 绒毛膜促性腺激素，绒膜激素
clomiphene 克罗米芬
estradiol benzoate 苯甲酸雌二醇medroxyprogesterone acetate, provera 安宫黄体酮megestrol 甲地孕酮
methyltestosterone 甲基睾丸素
progesterone 黄体酮
stillboestrol 乙烯雌酚
testosterone propionate 丙酸睾丸素Cancer Chemotherapeutic Drugs and Drugs on the Immune System 肿瘤化疗制剂及免疫系统用药Adriamycin 阿霉素
azathioprine(AZP) 硫唑嘌呤
cyclophosphamide(CTX) 环磷酰氮芥cyclosporine A 环孢霉素A，环孢灵
cytarabine 阿糖胞苷
dactinomycin 放线菌素D，更生霉素
fluorouracil 氟尿嘧啶
hydrocortisone 氢化可的松，氢可的松
interferon 干扰素
levamisole 左旋四咪唑，左咪唑
methotrexate 甲氨蝶呤
thiotepa 塞替哌
thymosin 胸腺素
vincristine(VCR) 长春新碱
Agents Used for Metabolic Diseases 治疗代谢性
疾病用药
insulin 胰岛素
Lugol’s solution 卢戈尔液
glibenclamide 格列本脲，优降糖
propylthiouracil 丙基硫氧嘧啶
phenformin 苯乙双胍，降糖灵
tapazole 甲巯咪唑，他巴唑
thyroid 甲状腺，甲状腺剂
tolbutamide 甲磺丁脲，甲糖宁
protamine zinc insulin (PZI) 精蛋白锌胰岛素（长效）
Fluids for Infusion 静脉输液
concentrated sodium chloride injection 浓氯化钠注射液
5% glucose in normal saline (GNS) 5％葡萄糖盐水5% glucose solution (GS) 5％葡萄糖溶液
Normal saline(NS) 生理盐水
10% potassium chloride 10％氯化钾
Ringer’s solution 林格溶液，复方氯化钠溶液
5% sodium bicarbonate 5％碳酸氢钠
28.75% sodium glutamate 28.75％谷氨酸钠
11.2% sodium lactate 11.2％乳酸钠
Biological Products 生物制品
aprotinin 抑肽酶
bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine 卡介苗cytochrome C 细胞色素C
diphtheria antitoxin (DAT) 白喉抗毒素
Gamma globulin 丙种球蛋白
Hyaluronidase 透明质酸酶
lysozyme 溶菌酶
pancreatin 胰酶
streptokinase(SK) 溶栓酶，链激酶
tetanus antitoxin 破伤风抗霉素
urokinase 尿激酶
Eye and ENT Drugs 眼、耳、鼻、喉用药atropine 阿托品
borax 硼沙
chloramphenicol eye drops 氯霉素滴眼液cortisone acetate eye drops 醋酸可的松滴眼液homatropine 后马托品
sodium sulfacetamide 磺胺醋酰钠
boric acid alcohol 硼酸酒精
chloramphenicol glycerin 氯霉素甘油滴耳液ephedrine nose drops 麻黄素滴鼻液
furacilin solution 呋喃西林溶液
neomycin solution 新霉素溶液
Drugs for External Use 外用药
ammonia solution 氨溶液
bromo-geramine 苯扎溴铵，新洁尔灭hibitane 氯已定，洗必泰
mercurochrome 红汞
phenol 酚
potassium permanganate(PP) 高锰酸钾
silver nitrate 硝酸银
turpentine oil 松节油
hydrogen peroxide 双氧水
gentian violet 甲紫，紫药水
Anesthetics 麻醉药
ether 乙醚
ethyl chloride 氯乙烷
procaine 普鲁卡因
sodium pentothal 硫喷妥钠
lidocaine 利多卡因
fluothane 氟烷
7.常用护理术语
Nursing processes 护理过程
assessment 估计
nursing diagnosis 护理诊断
planning 计划intervention (implementation, management) 措施（实施、管理）
evaluation 评价
Daily care of the patient 对病人的日常护理morning (evening) care, AM (HS) care 晨（晚）间护理
bedmaking 整理床铺
oral hygiene (mouth care) 口腔卫生
brushing the teeth 刷牙
flossing the teeth 清牙垢
denture care 清洗假牙
bathing 洗澡
cleanliness and skin care 清洁与皮肤护理perineal care 洗会阴
hair 梳头
shaving 刮脸
Care of nails and feet 指甲修剪和洗脚
changing hospital gowns 更换住院服装
massage 按摩
bedsore care 褥疮护理
Measurement of vital signs 测量生命体征
taking oral (rectal, axillary) temperature
量口腔（直肠、腋下）体温
taking a radial pulse 测量桡动脉脉搏
counting respirations 计呼吸次数
measuring (taking) blood pressure 量血压
Catheterization 导管插入术
cardiac catheterization 心导管插入术
laryngeal catheterization喉插管术
retro-urethral catheterization 逆行导尿管插入术urethral catheterization 尿道导管插入术
Clean techniques, medical asepsis 消毒灭菌asepsis 无菌（法）
integral asepsis 完全无菌
disinfection 消毒
concomitant (concurrent) disinfection 随时消毒，即时消毒
steam disinfection 蒸汽消毒
terminal disinfection 终末消毒
disinfection by ultraviolet light 紫外线消毒Sterilization 灭菌，消毒
chemical sterilization 化学灭菌法
fractional sterilization 间歇灭菌法
intermittent sterilization 间歇灭菌法
mechanical sterilization 器械灭菌法
Decompression 减压（术）
oardiac decompression 心减压术
cerebral decompression 脑减压术
orbital decompression 眼眶减压术
decompression of decompression 心包减压术gastro-intestinal decompression 胃肠减压术decompression of rectum 直肠减压术decompression of spinal cord 脊髓减压术
Dialysis透析
peritoneal dialysis腹膜透析
hemodialysis 血液透析
Drainage 引流、导液
aspiration (suction) drainage 吸引导液（引流）closed drainage 关闭引流法
negative pressure drainage 负压吸引法
open drainage 开放引流法
postural drainage 体位引流法
vaginal drainage 阴道引流法
vesicocelomic drainage 膀胱腹腔引流
Drainage 灌肠
barium enema钡灌肠
blind enema肛管排气法
contrast enema对比灌肠
glycerin enema甘油灌肠
high (low) enema 高（低）位灌肠
magnesium sulfate enema 硫酸镁灌肠
retention (non-retention) enema 保留（无保留）灌肠soapsuds enema 肥皂水灌肠
turpentine enema 松节油灌肠
Feeding 饲，喂养
Forced (forcible) feeding 强制喂养
intubtaion (tube) feeding 管饲法
nasal feeding 鼻饲法
rectal feeding 直肠营养法
Heat and clod applications 冷、热敷
applying hot compresses 热敷
applying hot soaks 湿热敷
assisting the patient to take a sitz bath 帮病人坐浴applying hot water bottles 用热水瓶applying an ice bag (collar0 用冰袋
applying cold compresses 冷敷
giving a cold (an alcohol) sponge bath 冷水（酒精）擦浴
Infusion 输入，注入
glucose infusion 葡萄糖液输注
glucose-saline infusion 葡萄糖－盐水输注
saline infusion 盐水输注
Injection 注射
endermic (intracutaneous) injection 皮内注射hypertonic saline injection 高渗盐水注射hypodermic injection 皮下注射
intramuscular injection 肌内注射
intraocular injection 眼球注射
intrapleural injection 胸膜腔注射
intrauterine injection 子宫内注射
nasal injection 鼻内注射
peritoneal injection 腹膜腔注射
rectal injection 直肠注射
subconjunctival injection 结膜下注射
urethral injection 尿道注射
vaginal injection 阴道注射
Irrigation 冲洗
vaginal irrigation 阴道冲洗
bladder irrigation 膀胱冲洗
continuous irrigation 连续冲洗法
mediate irrigation 间接冲洗法
Isolation 隔离、分离
strict isolation 严密隔离
contact isolation 接触隔离
respiratory isolation 呼吸隔离
drainage (secretion) precautions 引流预防措施enteric precautions 肠道预防措施
blood (body fluid) precautions 血液（体液）预防措施
protective isolation 保护性隔离
Lavage 灌洗
blood (systemic) lavage 血液毒素清洗法
ether lavage (腹腔内)乙醚洗法
gastric lavage 洗胃
intestinal lavage 洗肠
peritoneal lavage 腹膜腔灌洗
pleural lavage 胸膜腔灌洗
Medication 药疗，投药，给药
endermic medication 皮内透药法hypodermatic medication 皮下投药法intramuscular medication 肌肉投药法
ionic medication 离子透药疗法
nasal medication 鼻内投药法
oral medication 口服法
rectal medication 直肠投药法
sublingual medication 舌下投药法transduodenal medication 十二指肠内投药法vaginal medication 阴道投药法
Suctioning 吸气引液
upper airway suctioning 上呼吸道抽吸法nasogastric suctioning 鼻胃抽吸
wound suctioning 伤口吸引
Transfusion 输血
arterial transfusion 动脉输血
blood transfusion 输血
direct (immediate ) transfusion 直接输血drip transfusion 滴注输(血)液
indirect transfusion 间接输血
plasma transfusion 输血浆
serum transfusion 输血清
venous transfusion 静脉输血，静脉输液
Diet nursing 伙食护理
absolute diet (fasting) 禁食
balanced diet 均衡伙食
convalescent diet 恢复期饮食
diabetic diet 糖尿病饮食
eucaloric diet 适当热量饮食
fat-free diet 无脂饮食
salt-free diet 无盐饮食
fever diet 热病饮食
full diet 全食，普通饮食
half diet 半食
high caloric diet 高热量饮食
high-carbohydrate diet 高糖类饮食
high-protein (protein rich) diet 高蛋白饮食invalid diet 病弱者饮食
light diet 易消化饮食
liquid diet 流质饮食
high fat diet 高脂饮食
low fat diet 低脂饮食
low caloric diet 低热量饮食low-protein diet 低蛋白饮食
low-residue diet 低渣饮食
nourishing diet 滋补饮食
obesity diet 肥胖病饮食
prenatal diet 孕期饮食
regimen diet 规定食谱
smooth (soft) diet 细软饮食
Preparing the patient for the surgery 为病人手术前做准备
shaving the patient’s skin (skin prep) 备皮anesthesia 麻醉
Postoperative care 手术后护理
coughing and deep-breathing exercises 咳嗽呼吸练习
applying elastic stockings 穿弹性袜
applying elastic bandages 用弹性绷带
Emergency care (first aid) 急救护理cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺循环复苏术mouth-to-mouth(mouth-to-nose,mouth-to-stoma) resuscitation
口对口（口对鼻，口对颈部小口）循环复苏术emergency care for fainting (shock, stroke) victims 昏厥（休克、中风）患者急救
emergency care used to control hemorrhage 止血急救
emergency care given to help a patient who is vomiting
呕吐患者急救
emergency care for a patient during a seizure 癫痫发作急救
hospice care 临终护理
postmortem care 死后护理
8.常用临床医学术语
diseases 疾病
acute diseases 急性病
advanced diseases 病沉重期，晚期疾病
chronic diseases慢性病
communicable diseases 传染病
complicating diseases 并发病
congenital diseases 先天性疾病
acquired diseases 后天性疾病
contagious diseases接触性传染病
endemic diseases 地方病
epidemic diseases 流行病
functional diseases 机能病、官能病
infectious diseases 传染病
inherited diseases 遗传病
malignant diseases恶性病
nutritional diseases 营养病
occupation diseases 职业病
organic diseases 器质性病
paroxysmal diseases 阵发性病
periodical diseases 周期病
primary(principal)diseases原发（主导）病secondary diseases 继发病
sexual(venereal, social)diseases 性病
terminal diseases 绝症
wasting diseases 消耗性疾病
chief complaint 主诉
clinical manifestation 临床表现
delivery history 分娩史
etiology病因学
family history 家族史
history, medical history 病史
precipitating(induced)诱因
marital status婚姻状况
menstrual history 月经史
menarche 初潮
menopause闭经
past history既往史
pathogenesis 发病机制
personal history 个人史
symptoms 症状
cardinal symptom 主要症状
classical symptom 典型症状
concomitant symptom 伴发症状
constitutional(systemic) symptom 全身症状
indirect symptom 间接症状
induced symptom 诱发症状
local symptom 局部症状
mental symptom精神症状
symptom-complex (syndrome)symptom 综合症，症候群
signs体征
antecedent 前驱征
assident (accessory) 副征commemorative 后遗症
sign of death 死征
diagnostic诊断征
sign of disease 病征
subjective 自觉征，主观征
vein sign静脉征
vital sign 生命体征
body length (height of the body) 身高body weight 体重
barrel chest 桶状胸
cachexia 恶病质
compulsive position 被动体位
critical facies 病危面容
emaciation 消瘦
enophthalmos 眼球下陷
entropion 睑内翻
exophthalmos 眼球突出
flushed face 面色潮红
gain (loss) in weight 增加（减轻）体重lock-jaw 牙关紧闭
lordosis 脊柱前凸
nasal ala flap 鼻翼扇动
nystagmus 眼震
obesity 肥胖
pallor 苍白
scolisis 脊柱侧凸
agitation 焦急不安
debility, weakness 虚弱
diaphoresis 出汗，大量出汗dizziness, vertigo 眩晕
lassitude, fatigue 无力，倦怠
malaise 不适
night sweat 盗汗
numbness 麻木
rigor, chill 寒冷，发冷
perspiration, sweating 出汗
pruritus, itching 痒，
somasthenia 躯体无力
tingling 麻刺感
abscess 脓肿
acidosis 酸中毒
adhesion 粘连
alkalosis 碱中毒
allergy 过敏
coagulation defect 凝血不良
congestion 充血
dehydration 脱水
distention 膨胀
edema 水肿
embolism 栓塞，栓塞形成
fluid and electrolyte imbalance 水电解质紊乱gangrene 坏疽
hematoma 血肿
hemorrhage, bleeding 出血
infarction 梗塞，梗死
infection 传染
inflammation 炎症
ketoacidosis 酮酸中毒
metastasis 转移
perforation 穿孔
necrosis 坏死
shock 休克
response 反应，应答
reaction 反应，感应
thrombosis 血栓形成
ulceration 溃疡
fever, pyrexia 发烧，发热
continuous fever 稽留热
intermittent fever 间歇热
low-grade fever 低热
remittent fever 驰张热
relapsing fever 回归热
pain 痛
burning pain 灼痛
chest(flank,…) pain 胸（胁腹…）痛
cramp-like pain 痉挛性痛
dull, diffused pain 弥漫性钝痛
pleuritic pain 胸膜炎性痛
radiating pain (pain radiating to…) 放射性痛（放射到…疼痛）angina 绞痛
cardiac angina 心绞痛
backache 背痛
colic 绞痛，急腹痛
earache 耳痛
headache 头痛
neuralgia 神经痛
migraine 偏头痛
rebound tenderness 反跳痛
somatalgia 躯体痛sore throat 咽喉痛
stomachache 胃痛
toothache 牙痛
bloody sputum 带血的痰
cough 咳嗽
dry cough 干咳
expectoration 咳痰
expectoration of blood 咳血
hemoptysis 咳血
anoxia 缺氧
apnea 呼吸暂停，窒息
asthma 气喘，哮喘
Cheyne Stokes respiration 切－斯氏呼吸，潮式呼吸
dyspnea 呼吸困难
hyperpnea hyperventilation 过度呼吸，换气过度hypopnea 呼吸不全，呼吸浅表
hypoxia 低氧，缺氧
orthopnea 端坐呼吸
respiratory arrest 呼吸停止
suffocation 窒息
tachypnea 呼吸急促
fetid breath 口臭
fruity breath 呼吸有水果味
arrhythmia 心律失常，心律不齐
atelectasis 肺不张，肺膨胀不全
cardiac arrest 心搏骤停
cardiac hypertrophy 心脏肥大
cyanosis 发绀，青紫
distension of jugular vein 颈静脉怒张extrasystole 期外收缩
gallop rhythm 奔马律
hemopleura 血胸
hepatojugular reflux 肝颈静脉回流
hypovolemia （循环）血容量减少
palpitation 心悸
tachycardia 心动过速
pneumothorax 气胸
thrill 震颤
absent breath sounds 呼吸音消失
dull sound 浊音
hyperresonant 鼓音
rale 啰音
rhonchus, rhonchi 鼾音，干啰音
wheeze 哮鸣音
anorexia, loss of appetite 食欲不振，厌食dysphagia 吞咽困难
eructation 嗳气
belching 嗳气
flatulence 气胀
flatus 肠胃气，屁
gaseous distention 胃胀气
hematemesis 呕血
hiccough, hiccup 打呃，呃逆
nausea 恶心
pyrosis 胃灼热
regurgitation 反胃，回流
thirsty 口渴
vomiting 呕吐
anal fissure, crack in the anal canal 肛裂
ascites 腹水
board-like rigidity of the abdomen 板状腹decreased tactile fremitus 触觉性震颤减弱exophageal varices 食管静脉曲张
fistula 瘘，瘘管
hemorrhoid 痔
hernia 疝
hepatomegaly 肝肿大
intussusception 肠套叠
jaundice 黄疸
muscle guarding, defence of the abdominal wall 腹壁肌卫
peristalsis 蠕动
loss of peristalsis 蠕动消失
mass peristalsis 总蠕动
retrograde (reversed) peristalsis 逆蠕动
prolapse 脱垂
prolapse of anus 脱肛
rectal prolapse 直肠脱垂，脱肛
volvulus 肠扭转
calculus 结石，石
biliary calculus 胆结石
vesical calculus 膀胱结石
constipation 便秘
defecation 排便
diarrhea 腹泻
incontinence of feces 大便失禁
hematochezia 便血
fecal impaction 大便嵌塞occult blood 潜血
painful straining with defecation 排便痛性牵动clay colored stools 陶土色便
dark, granular/coffee ground emesis 咖啡样呕吐物fecal vomiting, stercoraceous vomiting 呕粪，吐粪foul fatty stools, steatorrhea 恶臭脂肪便，脂肪痢scanty and hard stools 便少而硬
tarry (black) stools 柏油样便
anuria 无尿
burning sensation no urination 排尿时的灼烧感dysurea 排尿困难，尿痛
enuresis, bed wetting 遗尿
frequency of urination 尿频
micturation 排尿
uresis, urination, voiding 排尿
nocturia 夜尿
oliguria 少尿
polyuria 多尿
tenesmus 里急后重
vesical tenesmus 排尿时里急后重
uremia coma 尿毒症昏迷
urgency of urination 尿急
urinary incontinence 尿失禁
aciduria 酸尿
chyluria 乳糜尿
cylindruia 管型尿
glycosuria 糖尿
hematuria 血尿
ketonuria 酮尿
pneumatinuria 气尿
proteinuria 蛋白尿
pyuria 脓尿
amenorrhea 经闭，无月经
dysmenorrhea 痛经
menorrhagia 月经过多
lochia 恶露
menorrhea 行经，月经过多
menstruation 月经
uterine contraction 子宫收缩
blotch 斑点
bruise 挫伤，青肿
acne 痤疮，粉刺
desquamation 脱皮，脱屑
ecchymosis 瘀斑
loss of skin turgor 失去皮肤充盈
nevus 痣
papule 丘疹
petechia 瘀点，瘀斑
pigmentation 色素沉着
pustule 脓疱
purpura 紫癫
red nodule 红结节
roseola 玫瑰疹
scar 伤疤
senile plaque 老人斑
spider anaioma 蛛形痣
subcutaneous nodule 皮下结节
urticaria 荨麻疹
vesicle 小水疱
vitiligo 白斑
blindness 失明
blurred vision, visual disturbance 视力模糊impaired vision 视力下降
lacrimation 流泪
papilledema 视神经乳头水肿photophobia 畏光，羞明
retinal detachment 视网膜脱离
deafness 聋
hearing loss 听力丧失
tinnitus 耳鸣
epistaxis, nasal bleeding 鼻出血
impaired smelling 嗅觉障碍
nasal discharge 鼻涕
nasal obstruction 鼻塞
sneeze 喷嚏
snore 打鼾
aphonia, loss of voice 失音症hoarseness 嘶哑
gum bleeding 齿龈出血
herpes labialis 唇疱疹，感冒疮
Koplik’s spots 科普利克斑
lead line of the gum 龈铅线
salivation, drooling 流口水
straw-berry tongue 草莓舌
tremulous tongue 舌震颤
atrophy 萎缩
contracture 挛缩deformity 畸形，变形
dislocation 脱位
fracture 骨折
closed (simple)fracture 无创骨折，单纯性骨折comminuted fracture 粉碎性骨折
compound fracture 哆开（开放性）骨折
knock-knee 膝外翻
opisthotonos 角弓反张
prosthesis 假体
spasm 痉挛
tetany (肌)强直，手足抽搦
wrist drop 腕下垂
aphasia 失语
ataxia 共济失调
coma 昏迷
consciousness 知觉，意识
convulsion 抽搐，惊厥
delirium 谵妄
delusion 妄想
faint 昏厥
hallucination 幻觉
hemiplegia 偏瘫
increased intracranial pressure 颅内压增高insanity 精神错乱
loss of orientation 定向丧失
mania 躁狂
memory defects, amnesia 记忆缺损，遗忘症paraplegia 截瘫，下身麻痹
projectile vomiting 喷射性呕吐
somnolence, (lethargy) 昏睡，嗜睡
stupor 木僵，昏呆
tetraplegia 四肢瘫痪
unconsciousness 失去知觉
yawning 打哈欠
crisis 危象
cerebral (febrile, hematic, hemolytic,hypertensive, thyrotoxic, ...) crisis
脑（热、血性、溶血、高血压、甲状腺中毒…）危象failure 衰竭，故障
central (circulatory, cardiac, myocardiac, peripheral, congestive, renal, respiratory) failure
中枢（循环、心力、心肌、周围循环、充血性、肾、呼吸…）衰竭
diagnosis诊断
auscultation 听诊
inspection 视诊
palpation触诊
percussion 叩诊
laboratory examination 实验室检查
physical examination 体格检查
rectal (vaginal) touch 直肠（阴道）指诊impression 印象
tentative diagnosis 暂定诊断
differential diagnosis 鉴别诊断
final diagnosis 最后诊断
prognosis 预后
prescription 处方
incubation (latent) period 潜伏期
prodromal stage 前驱期
incipient stage 初期
quiescent stage 静止期
alleviation 减轻，缓和
remission 缓解
attack 发作
convalescence (recovery) stage 恢复期rehabilitation 康复
relapse 复发
sudden death 猝死
moribund 濒死的
course of the disease 病程
course of the treatment 疗程
indication 适应症，指征
complication 并发症
contraindication 禁忌症
side-effect 副作用
sequel (sequela), after effect 后遗症
therapies 治疗方法
acupuncture therapy 针刺疗法
block therapy 封闭疗法
chemical therpy (chemo-therapy) 化学疗法combined therapy 综合疗法
conservative therapy 保守疗法
constitutional therapy 全身疗法
dietetic therapy 饮食疗法
operative treatment 手术疗法
palliative treatment, alleviative treatment 姑息疗法physical therapy 物理疗法
psychotherapy 精神疗法
radical treatment 根治radio-therapy 放射性疗法
supporting treatment 支持疗法symptomatic treatment对症疗法cardiac massage 心脏按摩
cardiac pacing 心脏起博electrotherapy 电疗法
electroshock treatment 电休克疗法hemodialysis 血液透析
hyperbaric therapy 高压氧疗法
insulin-shock treatment 胰岛素休克疗法light therapy 光疗法
therapeutic gymnastics 医疗体育
9.医疗器材
absorbent cotton 脱脂棉
adhesive 胶布
bandage 绷带
bath towel 浴巾
cotton wool balls 棉球
dressing 敷料
elastic bandage 弹力绷带
gauze 纱布
mask 口罩
mattress 垫子
swab 橡皮单
swab 药签
alcohol burner 酒精灯
breast pump 吸奶器
curet(te) 刮匙，刮器
dropper 滴管
drying baker 干燥器
enema can 灌肠筒
enema syringe 灌肠注射器
finger stall 指套
forceps 钳子
hemostatic forceps 止血钳
obstetric forceps 产钳
funnel 漏斗
gastric tube 胃管
glass measure cup 玻璃量杯hypodermic syringe 皮下注射器
pump 筒，泵
needle 针头
ampule 安
ice bag 冰袋
incubator 保温箱
kidney basin 弯盆
measuring tape 带尺
medicine cup 药杯
Murphy’s drip bulb 墨菲滴管
percussion hammer 叩诊锤
rectal tube 肛管
rubber gloves 橡皮手套
sand bag 沙袋
scales 磅秤
scalpel 手术刀
scissors 剪刀
specimen container 取样器皿
sucker 吸管
ribbon 肠线
test tube 试管
thermometer 体温表
three-channel tube 三腔管
spatula (padded tongue blade) 压舌板tourniquet 止血带
tray 托盘
ultraviolet lamp 紫外线灯
vessel clamp 止血钳、血管夹
vial 药瓶
bedside commode 床边洗脸台
bedside rails 床栏
bedpan 床上便盆
disposable collecting bag 一次性采尿袋emesis basin 盂盆
patient pack 医院为病人提供的个人用具袋urinal 男用尿壶、贮尿壶
binder 腹带、绷带
straight abdominal binder 直腹带
breast binder 裹胸带
elbow protector 肘护套
sling 悬带
splint 夹板
scrotal support 阴囊托
cane (walking stick) 手杖
crutch 拐杖
leg brace 腿支架
stretcher 担架
walker 助行器
wheelchair 轮椅
isolation unit, set-up 消毒室，消毒病房garbage can lined with plastic bag 内衬塑料袋的垃圾罐
isolation cart (plastic bags, masks, gowns, laundry bags, gloves) 消毒箱（内装塑料袋、口罩、衣服、洗衣袋、手套）
surgical isolator 外科手术消毒包
wastebasket lined with plastic bag 内衬塑料袋的字纸篓
cannula 套管、插管
perfusion cannula 灌注导管
wash-out cannula 冲洗套管
catheter 导管
cardiac catheter 心导管
indwelling catheter 留置导尿管
double current (two-way) catheter 双腔导管flexible catheter 软导管
female catheter 女用导尿管
prostatic catheter 前列腺导尿管
railway catheter 槽式导尿管
self-retaining catheter 自流（潴留）导尿管tracheal catheter 气管吸引导管
dialyser 透析膜
dialyzator 透析器
drainage-tube 引导管
elastic drainage-tube 橡皮引流管
glass drainage-tube 玻璃引导管
enemator 灌肠器
intubator 插管器
irrigator 冲洗器
oxygen tank 氧气筒
oxygen tent氧幕、氧气帐
rubber-topped hemostat 带橡皮头的止血器speculum 窥器、张口器
anal speculum 肛门张口器、护肛器
aural speculum 耳窥器、耳镜
eye speculum 开睑器
nasal speculum 鼻窥器、鼻镜
speculum oris 张口器
rectal speculum 直肠窥镜，直肠张开器
urethral speculum 尿道窥器
vaginal speculum 阴道窥器
suction 吸吮器
disposable suction apparatus for wound suction一次性伤口吸吮器
sputum suction apparatus 吸痰器
suction machine 吸吮机
mechanical suction 机械吸吮器
wall suction 壁式引流器
steam tent 蒸气帷
wall oxygen outlet 壁式输氧机
ventilator 呼吸机、呼吸器
automatic ventilator 自动呼吸器
positive pressure ventilator 正压呼吸机
negative pressure ventilator 负压呼吸机
cabinet respirator 箱式呼吸器
cuirass respirator 胸甲式呼吸器
autoclave sterilizer(disinfector) 高压蒸气灭菌器bronchoscope 支气管镜
cystoscope 膀胱镜
computer tomography (CT)计算机体层摄影defibrillator 除颤器
direct laryngoscope 直接喉镜
electrocardiograph 心电图机electroencephalograph 脑电图机esophagofiberscope 纤维食管镜
esophagoscope 食管镜
filiform sound 线形探子
flexible bronchofiberscope 可弯性纤维支气管镜gastrofiberscope 纤维胃镜
gastroscope 胃镜
head mirror 头镜
hyperbaric oxygen chamber 高压氧仓
otoscope 耳镜
nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振proctoscope 直肠镜
ophthalmoscope 眼底镜
pacemaker 起搏器
peritoneoscope 腹腔镜
phonocardiograph 心音图机
scanner 扫描仪
sigmoidoscope 乙形结肠镜
spirometer 肺活量计
ultrasonic wave apparatus 超声波机
10.医学英语快速记忆－后缀后缀在缀合法中只起改变词性的作用，不改变词根的含意，这在第一章内已叙述。现将常用后缀分一般英语后缀及医学英语后缀两部分来说明。
第一节常用的一般英语后缀
因词性不同、后缀可分为名词性、形容词性、动词性及副词性后缀，现列举于下。
一、名词性后缀
1，-age为抽象名词后缀，表示行为，状态和全体总称
percentage百分数，百分率，voltage电压，伏特数，lavage灌洗，洗，出法，gavage管词法，curettage 刮除法，shortage不足，缺少。
2，-cy表示抽象名词
accuracy 准确，精确度，infancy婴儿期。
3，-ence、-ance表示性质和动作
difference不同，interference干扰，干预，influence 影响，感化，occurrence发出，出现，violence激烈，暴力，existence存在，significance意义，意味。4，-ency、-ancy抽象名词后缀
difficiency不足，不全，tendency趋势，趋向，frequency频率，pregnancy妊娠，emergency紧急，急救，fluency流利，流畅，sufficiency足够，充足，constancy坚定，经久不变。
5，-er表示…人、…者
diameter直径，receiver接收者，接受者，carrier 携带者，beginner初学者，创始人，reader读者，shutter 快门，goiter甲状腺肿。
6，-ics 表示…科学
psdiatrics儿科学，psychiatrics精神病学，obstetrics 产科学，orthopdics矫形科学，auristrics耳科学，gnathostomatics口腔生理学，andriatrics男性医学，男性科。
7，-ian表示人称名词
physician医师，内科医师，technician技术员
8，-ication 由动词变化而来的抽象名词，常译为…化
simpliffcation 简化，calcification钙化，classification 分类，分级，communication交流，交往。
9，-ing由动词变化而来的动名词
nursing护理，typing分型，分类，mapping绘制…图，bleeding出血，vomiting呕吐，softening变软，functioning使器官活动，使器官有功能，positioning 把…放在适当的位置，mathching和…相配，imaging 成像。
10，-ion 由动词构成的名词
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11. 出口信贷：export credit 12. 贷款质量：loan quality 13. 贷款质量五级分类办法：the five-category assets classification for bank loans 14. 防范和化解金融风险：take precautions against and reduce financial risks 15. 防洪工程：flood-prevention project 16. 非法外汇交易：illegal foreign exchange transaction 17. 非贸易收汇：foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels 18. 非银行金融机构：non-bank financial institutions 19. 费改税：transform administrative fees into taxes 20. 跟踪审计：foolow-up auditing 21. 工程监理制度：the monitoring system for projects
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中医常用词汇英文翻译01
中医英语常用词汇英文翻译02 气化不利dysfunction of qi in transformation 畏寒喜热aversion to cold and preference for heat 气分热盛excessive heat at qi phase
气郁化热stagnation of qi transforming into heat 温养脏腑warming and nourishing the viscera 瘀血阻络blood stasis obstructing the collaterals 清肺润燥clearing the lung and moistening dryness 破瘀通经breaking blood stasis to promote menstruation 内伤头疼headache due to internal injury 祛瘀eliminating stasis, expelling stasis 逆传心包reverse transmission into the pericardium 气不摄血failure of qi to check the blood 宁心安神calming the heart and tranquilizing the mind 血液循行circulation of the blood 惊悸不安palpitation due to fright 气的运动形式the moving styles of qi 血液生成不足insufficient production of the blood 平肝止血soothing the liver to stop bleeding
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猎头公司head-hunter 假日经济holiday economy 人力资本human capital 航空和航天工业aerospace industry 飞机制造工业aircraft industry 电子工业electronic industry 汽车制造工业car industry 娱乐业entertainment industry 信息产业information industry 知识密集型产业knowledge-intensive industry 国有大中型企业large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 轻工业light industry 博彩业lottery industry 制造业manufacturing industry 垄断行业monopoly industries 市场多元化market diversification 市场经济market economy 市场监管market supervision 购买力purchasing power 熊市bear market 牛市bull market