宾语从句专项复习

宾语从句专项复习

复习目标：

1、掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词

2、掌握宾语从句的语序——主句+连接词+主语+谓语

3、掌握宾语从句，主句与从句在时态上的呼应。

重点：语序和时态呼应

难点：语序和时态呼应；与疑问词+不定式的转化；与状语从句的辨析

考点梳理：

一、宾语从句的连接词：

1、连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。

eg. He knew (that) he should work hard.

2、连词if 、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。

eg. Tom don’t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.

He asked me whether or not I was coming.

一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：

①在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.

②在介词前：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain.

③与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.

3、连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which，连接副词when, where, why, how，它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。

eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in.

I wonder where he got so much money.

【注意】1、由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。

eg. I don’t know how I should do with the presents. è I don’t know how to do with the presents.

2、要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型.

二、宾语从句的语序：

宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调：它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。

Can you tell me who(m) do we have to see?(╳)

Can you tell me who(m) we have to see?( √)

The teacher asked the students what they were doing.(思考: what在从句中的成分)

陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.” à She said

she would leave a message on the desk.

一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。Eg. “Where are the tickets?” I asked him.

à I asked him where the tickets are.

三、宾语从句的时态呼应：

宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受到主句谓语时态的制约，此为时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时，从句谓语的时态不受

限制；如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。

eg. I thought (that) you are free today. (╳)

I thought (that) you would be free today. ( √)

【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。

eg. The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.

四、其他需要说明的问题：

1、标点由主句决定，如主句是陈述句、祈使句，则用句号；是疑问句则用问号。

eg. I heard she had been to the Great Wall. Can you tell me which bus I should take?

2、要注意个别句子中主从句人称的一致。

▲五、宾语从句和状语从句的区分：

eg. 1) I will go out tomorrow if it is fine tomorrow.

2) I don’t know if the train has arrived.

句1中if引导的是状语从句。这个从句表示“条件”，修饰主句。整个句子的意思是如果明天天气好，我就出去。句2中if引导的是宾语从句，充当谓语动词don’t know的宾语。整个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否已到达。

判断方法：

1、可以从整个句式看。状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面（个别除外），宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。

2、从引导词看。if充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether，词义为“是否”，充当状语从句的连接词时，词义为“如果”。when充当

宾语从句的连接词时，意为“什么时候”，充当状语从句的连接词时，意为“当……的时候”

3．从时态看。if和when作连接词时，引导宾语从句要注意：从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。if和when充当从属连词时，引导条件和时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时，则从句的时态应用一般现在时表示将来。

e.g. I think (that) differences are not important in a friendship.

An old lady said (that) she found a job as a foreign language teacher.

They don’t know if (是否)we are going hiking next weekend

Could you tell me when （什么时候）the train arrives ?

We’ll go to the Great Wall if (如果) it doesn’t rain tomorrow.

=If doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go to the Great Wall.

They knew each other when（当……时候）they were children.

=When they were children

宾语从句专项练习

Ⅰ .选择正确答案完成下列宾语从句。

( )1 .The children said they themselves very much .

A .if ,enjoy

B .why ,enjoyed

C .what ,enjoy

D .that ,enjoyed

( )2 .I don’t think I out the problem .

A .if , can work

B .how , will work

C .that , can work

D .when , will work

( )3 .She is afraid he cold at night .

A .that , will catch

B .that , catches

C .whether , will catch

D .if , catches

( )4 .We are sure he to speak French well .

A .that , learned

B .that , has learned

C .if , learned

D .if ,has learned

( )5 .The boy asked I any noise from outside .

A .when , heard

B .why , had heard

C .whether , had heard

D .what ,heard

( )6 .Who can tell us about over there ?

A .what they talk

B .what do they talk

C .what are they

talking D .what they are talking

( )7 .We couldn’t find out ,so we asked a policeman .

A .whose bike it was

B .whose bike was it

C .whose it was bike

D .whose was it bike

( )8 .Do you know take to get to the hospital ?

A .which way must we

B .which must we way

C .which way we must

D .which we must way

( )9 .Tom asked to school late .

A .who did often come

B .who often did come

C .who often come

D .who often came

( )10 .I don’t remember the boy by himself .

A .why did she leave

B .why she left

C .why had she left

D .why she had left

( )11 .Have you forgotten when he died ?

A .how old he was

B .how old was he

C .what did he say

D .what he did say

( )12 .Nobody knows to visit our school .

A .when will he come

B .when does he come

C .when he will come

D .when he does come

( )13 .Please tell us to the science museum .

A .how can we reach

B .how we can reach

C .how can we get

D .how we can get

( )14 .Don’t you believe to the moon by spaceship ?

A .that man did fly

B .how did man fly

C .if man fly

D .whether man fly

( )15 .I don’t know .

A .what is the matter with him

B .what the matter is with him

C .what with him the matter is

D .what the matter with him is

( )16 .He doesn’t tell me if he .If he .I’ll telephone you .

A .will come , comes

B .will come , will come

C .comes , will come

D .comes , comes

Ⅱ .选择括号内正确的关联词语填空。

( )1 .I wonder he asked such a silly question in public .A .how

B .why

( )2 . do you think will teach us maths next term ?A .Who B.Whom ( )3 .Are you sure ?A .that she is honest B .she is honest

( )4 .He you are not going to Shanghai .A .is surprised

that B .surprised that

( )5 .He often thinks of he can do for all the others .A .what B .which ( )6 .He made he wouldn’t change his mind .Ait quite clear that

B .that quite clear

( )7 .I don’t think .A .it that he came to the concert true

B .it true that he came to the concert

( )8 .Do you know what time ?A .begins the football match

B .the football match begins

( )9 .Ask him how much .A .it cost B .it costed

( )10 .She asked me to build the hospital .

A .how long it was taken

B .how long it had taken

( )11 .Tom killed the dog .I’ll ask him why .A .he did that B .did he do that

( )12 .Please tell me where from .A .do you come B .you come ( )13 .In the story he wrote down .

A .what had been happened

B .what had happened to him

( )14 .He told me that I better take a taxi .A .had B .should have

( )15 .I want to know who painting .A .likes B .like

( )16 .Father asked .A .what was wrong with me B .what wrong is with me

( )17 .He asked me if .A .the train will arrive lately

B .the train always arrived late

Ⅲ .用适当的连词完成下列状语从句。

1 .You can not go to the classroom they are having a lesson .

2 . they arrived at the cinema ,the film had already begun .

3 .They went on working it was very cold .

4 .He speaks English well an Englishman .

5 .She was so careless she made a lot of mistakes .

6 .They didn’t go home they had worked out their maths problems .

7 .We should be always ready to care for others and help our

comrades Lei Feng did .

8 . the weather is cold and wet ,you had better put on your coat .

9 . you are very busy ,I shall do the job myself .

10 .I shall give you my umbrella(雨伞) it rains .

11 .He asked me to stay I was .

12 .Ma Lili is not tall her sister .

13 .She has made greater progress we expected .

14 . I was walking in the park ,I met Tom .

15 . I had done my homework ,I went home .

16 . she got home ,she began to wash her clothes .

17 .I didn’t go to bed my father came back .

18 .Tom’s mother had been a teacher she married .

19 .I waited he had finished his work .

20 .Things have changed a lot I wrote to you last time .

21 .Have a look at that man you pass him .

22 .What were you doing I knocked at the door ?

23 .It was already eight o’clock we got home .

24 . he was speaking everybody listened carefully .

25 . he has time ,he will come and see us in Beijing .

26 .You can’t pass the exam you study hard .

27 .The river has risen it has rained much recently .

28 . we are here ,we may stay and make the best of it .

29 .I don’t like winter here it is very cold .

30 .He will not leave it is fine tomorrow .

31 .I sat in the front of our classroom I could hear clearly .

32 .He was excited he couldn’t say a word .

33 .It was exciting news we all jumped with joy .

34 . you work hard ,you will fail .

35 . he was very young ,he had been to many other cities .

36 . he was a child ,he had to help his father on the farm .

37 .I hope it was good the one you lent me .

Ⅳ .单项选择(各地中考题)

( )1 .Betty didn’t go to see the film yesterday she was ill .

A .because

B .but

C .until

D .if(天津)

( )2 .She asked me if I knew .

A .whose pen is it

B .whose pen it was

C .whose pen it is

D .whose pen was it(天津)

( )3 .They didn’t start the work their teacher came back .

A .until

B .while

C .as soon as

D .if(上海)

( )4 .Miss Li wants to know next week .

A .when my uncle leaves

B .when will my uncle leave

C .where my uncle will stay

D .where does my uncle stay(上海)

( )5 .Could you tell me with the money ?

A .how to do

B .what should I do

C .how I should do

D .what I should do(重庆)

( )6 .Mr Smith is teacher all the students like him very much .

A .so kind a ;that

B .a very kind ;that

C .such kind a ;that

D .so kind a ;and(重庆)

( )7 .We’ll stay at home if it this afternoon .

A .rain

B .rains

C .to rain

D .raining(吉林)

( )8 .I don’t know he will come tomorrow . he comes ,I’ll tell you .

A .if ;Whether

B .whether ;Whether

C .if ;That

D .if ;If(辽宁)

( )9 .The small children don’t know .

A .what is their stockings in

B .what is in their stockings

C .where is their stockings in

D .what in their stockings(辽宁)

( )10 .She will find him a kind man when she more about him .

A .knows

B .know

C .will know

D .is going to know (河北)

( )11 .We’ll go out for a walk as soon as it .

A .stops raining

B .raining

C .stop to rain

D .rain(济南)

( )12 .The film was interesting everyone wanted to see it again .

A .too ;to

B .so ;that

C .not ;until

D .very ;that(济南)

( )13 .I didn’t buy the dictionary yesterday my aunt would give me one .

A .until

B .because

C .if

D .before(河南)

( )14 .Bob didn’t go to bed he finished his work .

A .until

B .after

C .while

D .when(安徽)

( )15 .We don’t understand the passage there is few words in it .

A .and

B .if

C .though

D .beca use(南京)

( )16 .He asked his father .

A .where it happens

B .where did it happen

C .how it happened

D .how did it happen(南京)

( )17 .Could you tell me you were late for the meeting this morning ?

A .where

B .why

C .when(武汉)

( )18 .Can you tell me you were born ,Betty ?

A .who

B .what

C .when

D .that(湖南)

( )19 .No one runs as fast as John in his class .The sentence

means .

A .John runs fastest in his class

B .John runs faster than any other boy in his class

C .John runs more slowly than any other student in his class

D .John runs as fast as other in his class(江西)

( )20 .Could you tell me the radio without help ?

A .how did he mend

B .what did he mend

C .how he mended

D .what he mended(山西)

( )21 .What was Jim doing the teacher came in .

A .while

B .and

C .when

D .but(西安)

( )22 .You’ll be late you don’t get up early tomorrow .

A .if

B .when

C .before

D .until(广西)

( )23 .I’ll come to see you I’m free next Sunday .

A .until

B .after

C .if

D .before(宁夏)

Ⅴ .根据汉语完成下列各句。

1 .This book is (比那本书难得多) .

2 .The teacher let us read the text (她读完后) .

3 .Alice has made many friends (自她来中国以后) .

4 .He wants to be a doctor like his father (他长大以后) .

5 .That story is (不如这个故事有趣) .

6 .I’ll stay here (直到他回来) .

7 .I have to get everything ready (我离开之前) .

8 . (既然你觉得身体不好) you’d better not go to the cinema .

9 .Don’t talk (吃东西时) .

10 .They still kept on working (虽然天已很晚) .

11 .Try to finish the work as soon as possible (以便能开始另一项工作) .

12 . (她很生气) she couldn’t say anything .

13 .He will go to the Summer Palace with us (假如他没作业) .

14 .All the students ran into the classroom and sat in the seats

quietly (当上课铃响时) .

15 .Mike ran (昨天和约翰跑得一样快) .

16 .She said (她在写作文) .

17 .I asked him (他是否认识Mary) .

18 .The old man asked me (医院在哪里) .

19 .Would you please tell me (我该走哪条路) ?

20 .Nobody knows (谁拿走了你的钢笔) .

21 .Did you ask the teacher (我们什么时候要进行英语测试) ?

22 .Can you tell me (我数学考试是否及格) ?

23 .She told us (这部电影她已看过三遍了) .

24 .I really don’t know (世界上有多少种动物) .

25 .He wanted to know (我在那里呆了多久) .

26 .Do you remember (中国什么时候发射第一个人造卫星的) ?

27 .I can’t find out (这只手表为什么不走了) .

宾语从句专项练习带答案

宾语从句专项练习 一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。 1．These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong. 2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me ____ light ____ faster than sound. 3．There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t know .Jack didn’t know _____ there _____ ____ a meeting in five days. 4．Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French. 5．Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games. 6．Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.

Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang ____ _____ ____ ____ ___ homework yet. 7．How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows? Who knows ______ _____ _____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture? 8．Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car? 9．What does he often talk about? The girl wondered. The girl wondered _____ _____ often ________ about. 10．Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know. I don’t know ____ _______ at the door so loudly. 11. Does he still live in that street? I don't know. I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street. 12. What's his name? I asked him. I asked him what _____ _____ _____. 13. When does the train arrive? Please tell me. Please tell me ________

宾语从句专项练习(含答案)

宾语从句专项练习(含答案)宾语从句：用一个完整句子充当前面某个谓语动词的宾语对象 不论宾语从句由什么引导词引导，也不论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句一律用陈述句语序，即“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”结构。判断正误： We don't know when will they arrive. ( ) We don't know when they will arrive. ( ) Could you tell me who is he waiting for? ( ) Could you tell me who he is waiting for? ( ) 注意：特殊疑问词作主语时，如果语序本来就是“主语＋谓语”结构，则语序不再变化。如： Please tell me. Who will give us a talk this afternoon？(合并为一句) →Please tell me _____________us a talk this afternoon. 宾语从句在时态上应遵循时态呼应原则 在宾语从句中，谓语动词时态要受到主句谓语动词时态的制约，一般要遵循以下三条原则： 1．主句是祈使句或主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来，则宾语从句根据实际选用时态。如： Will you tell us which places you visited during the vacation? 2．如果主句中的谓语动词是一般过去时，则宾语从句需要使用表示过去的某种时态。如： I knew she had cleaned the classroom already. 3．宾语从句所表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言、警句、谚语等，多用一般现在时。如： He said time is money. Our teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. 宾语从句的“否定转移” 当主句的谓语动词为think, believe等词，且主语为第一人称时，从句中的否定词not应转移到主句谓语动词。如： 合并为一句 宾语从句的简化结构 由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句通常可以简化成“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构，此时主从复合句也就变成了简 单句，但简化必须符合以下两种条件： 1．简单句的疑问词为原宾语从句的引导词； 2．原从句的主语应与主句的主语或间接宾语一致。 I don't know what I should do next.(改为简单句) →I don't know ____________________. 含有宾语从句的复合句的反意疑问句 1．陈述部分是“I/We think (know, believe, suppose, consider)＋that从句”或者是“I'm/We're sure that; I'm/We're afraid that; I/We hope that; It seems that”时，附加疑问部分的主语应和从句一致，但需注意否定前移的情况。如： I don't think he is right, ____________？ I'm sure that you know him well, ______________？ 2．如果主语是其他人称，附加疑问部分的主语和主句一致。如： Your father believed you could succeed, ______________？ Kate doesn't know if Jim is a good singer, ______________？ 宾语从句中人称的变化 注意宾语从句中人称代词的正确使用。一般遵循“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”的原则。 解题技巧：

宾语从句专项练习题

宾语从句专项练习题

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