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英语定语从句复习资料

定语从句讲解

第一节基础知识

我们初中的时候学过形容词、名词等作定语来修饰某一名词或代词。那么句子可以作定语吗？可以！如果一个句子充当了定语，那么我们称之为定语从句。

先来看这样两个句子：

1) The man is my English teacher.

2) I met him in the street.

如果想把这两个句子合并成一个句子，我们可将句2) 转换成定语从句来修饰the man，即：The man that / who / whom I met in the street is my English teacher.

这个句子中的that / who / whom I met in the stree t 就充当了the man的定语，它就是定语从句；而被修饰的the man叫做先行词。另外，你发现了吗？句2)中的him换成了关系代词that / who / whom，并放在了定语从句的最前面，我们把that, who, whom等词叫做引导词。

一、概念

定义用来修饰一个词的句子，在语法上叫定语从句。这个被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句须放在被修饰词的后面。例句呈现（找出下列句子中的先行词）

1. Is he the man that / who sells the dog?

2. Do you know the boy whom / who / tha t I talked with just now?

3. She was not on the train that / which arrived just now.

4. He was the only person in this country who was invite.

5. The book whose cover is green was lost yesterday.

6. The first place that we visited in Beijing was the Great Wall.

7. It was the largest map that I ever saw.

8. I have read all the books that you lent me.

9. Is there anything else tha t I can do for you?

10. They talked about the people and things that they remembered in the old days.

11. Who is the man that shook hands with you just now?

12. He came at a time when we. needed him most.

13. This is the room where he put up for the night.

14. I know the reason why she studies so well.

15.John was admitted into the college, as we had expect.

小结归纳

关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose都可以引导定语从句，使用它们时我们应该考虑两

点：

1.先行词是“人”还是“物”；

2.关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分。

首先，当先行词是“人”时：

1) 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，用that / who，如：句1；

2) 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，用whom / that / who，如：句2。

其次，先行词如果是“物”时：可用关系代词that / which来充当主语或者宾语，如：句3 综上所述，that既可以指“人”又可以指“物”，而which只能指“物”，who / whom只能指“人”；who / that / which 都可以作主语或宾语，而whom只能作宾语；此外，whose 在定语从句中放在某一个名词或代词前作定语，如：句5。

特别需要指出的是：当关系代词作宾语时常常省略，而作主语时则不能省略，如：句2、6、7、8、9、10中的关系代词可以省略；而句1、3、11中的关系代词不可以省略。

关系副词when,where, why 修饰先行词是表时间、地点和原因的名词

二、分类

定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。明显的区别是非限制性定语从句的前面有逗号，但在意思上这类定语从句与主句联系不紧密，可以分割；而限制性定语从句与主句不可分割。

1.In their classes there are 15 students who can speak English well.

In their classes there are 15 students, who can speak English well.

2. She has two sons who are P.L.A. men.

She has two sons, who are P.L.A. men.

3. He often comes to school late,which makes his teacher angry.

4. She eats too much,which makes her heavier and heavie r.

限定性定语从句,顾名思义,是对先行词从本质或特征上进行限制的一种定语从句,它所修饰的词代表一个(些)或一类特定的人或事、物。例如:

A man who doesn't learn from others can't achieve much.

一个不向别人学习的人是不能有多少成就的。 A man被限定后,指一类特定的人.这类定语从句是不能去掉的,否则剩下的部分就失去意义不能成立,或者含义不清,甚至让人感到莫名其妙。非限定性定语从句则不然,它只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明,去掉之后并不影响句子的整个含义。在形式上,非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常用逗号隔开。

Finally we visited to the Giant Yangtze Gorges Dam, which is the greatest key water control pr oject in the world at present.

最后我们参观了长江三峡大坝,它是目前世界上最大的水利枢纽工程。

本句若去掉从句,主句部分的含义仍然完整。历年的高考中,非限定性定语从句都是出现频率最高的考点之一。因此值得我们注意。

1.引导非限定性定语从句时,只能用which(不用that)。例如:

Heat is another form of energy, whic h is as important as other kinds of energy.

热是另一种形式的能量,与其他形式的能量一样重要。

2.引导非限定性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词,也可以指前面整个句子的含义。That Peter will marry Alice, which has not been announced yet, has spread around.

彼特要娶爱丽斯这件事还没宣布,却已传得沸沸扬扬。

句子中的which指"彼特要娶爱丽斯"这整个句子的意思。

3.除which外,还可用when, where, who等关系代、副词引导非限定性定语从句。

例:After graduation, I decided to stay in Chongqing, where I spent my childhood and four year s of college life

4.在限定性定语从句中作宾语时,引导词可以省略,但引导非限定性定语从句的关联词不能省。试比较:

He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, whom he loved and respected as hi s own mother.

他急于想去医院看望他的继母,他把他的继母当作亲生母亲一样热爱和尊敬。

The American journalist (whom/who) the announced in he news broadcast is said.

播音员在新闻广播中提到的那位美国记者据说已经被匪徒杀害了。???两例中的关系代词都在从句中作宾语.由于第二例是限定性定语从句,可以省略关系代词;第一例中的引导词不能省略,因为它引导的是非限定性定语从句。5表示"正如"的含义时,通常用as引导非限定性定语从句,也可用which引导;但置于句首时,只能用as引导。

China has basically succeeded in defeating SARS, which / as we have expected.

As is well known to everybody, Taiwan is an inseparable part of China.

但是当非限定性定语从句是否定含义时,就只能用which(而不用as)引导。例如: He didn't win the championship, which I hadn't expected.

限定性定语从句&非限定性定语从句的区别

1 限定性定语从句:

不用逗号把它和句子的其他部分隔开；只能修饰先行词；不能省略,如果省略整个句子意思不完整；可以用that 引导；关联词有时可以省略

非限定性定语从句:

用逗号把它和句子的其他部分隔开，也可以修饰整个句子或句子的一部分可以省略,如果省

略整个句子意思仍然完整；不可以用that 引导，关联词不可以省略。

练习：

1. Is this the factory you visited last month?

A. where

B. the one

C. /

D. what

2. I have done you told me to.

A. all that

B. that

C. what that

D. as

3. Her two daughters are studying in Beijing. I know them very well.

A. whose

B. that

C. /

D. whom

4. All the glasses that were on the table onto the floor.

A. fell off

B. fall off

C. to fall off

D. falling off

5. The man shook hands with our teacher just now is Li Lei’s father.

A. which

B. whom

C. who

D. whose

6. The book you need is sold out.

A. what

B. /

C. whom

D. of which

7. Have you found the book there is a large note?

A. that

B. when

C. in which

D. which

8. –Do you still remember the days we spent together?

–Of course, I’ll never forget the days I spent the sweet holiday with you.

A. which; which

B. when; when

C. which; when

D. those; that

9. A child parents are dead is an orphan.

A. which

B. his

C. whose

D. of which

10. I bought some fresh apples from the stop that across the school.

A. was

B. were

C. have been

D. has been

11. He is the only one of my friends who from a foreign country.

A. are

B. was

C. come

D. comes

12. December 20, 1953 is the day I’ll never forget.

A. when

B. on which

C. which

D. what

13. My girl friend told me that December 20 is the day she was born.

A. when

B. that

C. which

D. on that

14. –Is this the house your father bought last year?

–Yes, my father bought this house he once lived.

A. that; which

B. where; where

C. where; which

D. / ; in which

15. Wuhan is the hottest city I have been to.

A. where

B. which

C. that

D. in which

第二节如何选连接词

连接词

二、各种连接词的用法

1、that与which:

用that或which 填空：

1 There’s much ______ can be said about it.

2 That’s the very word ______ is wrongly used.

3 Is this the room in ______ Mr.White lives?

4 This is the third film ______ that has been shown in our school this term.

5 The most important thing ______ should be done now is how to stop him from going on.

6 Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two ______ are still alive.

7 Her mother was dead, ______ made her very sad.

8 Here is the English grammar ______, as I have told you, will help improve your English.

9 Let me show you the novel ___________ I borrowed from the library __________________ was newly open to us.

10 The writer and his novel ______ you have just talked about are really well known.

小结：

以下情况只用which:

当关系代词前面有介词时。在非限制性定语从句中。

当关系代词后面有插入语时。

当一个表物的先行名词后有两个定语从句，且第一个已用that。

以下情况只用that:

被修饰的先行词为不定代词all, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one。先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of, just, very 修饰时。

先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。先行词为基数词时。

先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时. 先行词既有人又有物。前已有which。

2、that 、who与who m

用that 、who或whom填空:

1The person I want to learn from is one _____ studies hard and works well.

2 There’s a gentleman _____ wants to see you.

3 I met a foreigner in the park yesterday afternoon _____ could speak Chinese very well.

4 The student that was praised at yesterday’s meeting is the monitor _____is very modest and works very hard.

5 I think one should stay faithful to the person to _____ one is married.

以下情况只能用who:

先行词为one, ones, anyone, those 指人时。

在there be结构中，主语为人时，其后的定语从句宜用who。

表人的先行词有较长的后置定语时。

表人的先行词带有两个定语从句，其中一个的关系代词为that，另一个用who 避免重复。以下情况只能用whom:

当关系代词前面有介词

3、whose 用正确的形式填空：

This is the girl _______ wallet was stolen yesterday.

This is the girl _______ the wallet was stolen yesterday.

I like the book _______ cover is red.

I like the book _______ the cover is red.

小结：

whose既可指人又可指物，在从句中作定语，其后紧跟名词。

whose +表人的名词＝of whom + the + 表人的名词

whose +表物的名词＝of which + the + 表物的名词

4、介词＋关系代词

用正确的介词＋关系代词填空：

In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ___________ she could turn for help.

His walking-stick, ___________ he can’t walk, was lost yesterday.

The knife, ___________ we use to cut the bread, is very sharp.

I don’t think the number of people ___________ this happens is very large.

小结：

如何判断是否需要介词或怎样选择介词：

当从句不缺主语或宾语时，可考虑用介词＋关系代词。

当确定用介词＋关系代词时，介词的选用可考虑与从句中动词的搭配或与先行名词

的搭配。

5、when、where与why

用关系代词或关系副词填空：

I still remember the day _______________ I first came to Beijing.

Is this the school _____________ you visited last week?

I always remember the time _____________ we spent together.

The hospital _____________ her mother is working is in the west.

He refused to give a reason _____________ we all demanded, though.

I know the reason _____________ she got so angry.

This is the reason ________ he was late.

This is the reason ____________ he gave to me.

小结：

当先行名词为表时间、地点、原因（reason）的名词时，如果从句不缺主语或宾语，定语从句的引导词用when, where, why，可以转换为相应的介词+which。

常见的不及物动词有：work, happen, stay, live, lie, stand, sit, go, come, fly, run, arrive, laugh, fall, hesitate, last, belong, step;而visit, spend 为及物动词。

用when, where 或介词+关系代词填空，并判断下面从句的类型：

?These books are for the students _______ native language is not English.（）?We will put off the picnic until next week, ________the weather may be better. （）?He has reached the point _______________ a change is needed.（）?We haven’t yet settled the question _______ we are going to spend our summer vacation.

Maybe Beijing is our best choice.（）

?Put in articles in the following passages ______ it is necessary.（）?We will put on a performance to celebrate the coming of National Day tomorrow,

_____________ we have finished class. （)

?I have no idea _____________ I’ d bett er visit Mr. Smith tomorrow, who is an American

and has a different view of time. （）

?This is the teacher _____________ we have learnt a lot. （）?The film __________ I’m speaking is to be shown at the cinema next week. （) 小结：

当主句完整，从句不缺主语或宾语时：

?如果从句前有可以修饰的名词，并且此先行名词为：表地点、时间的名词——从句为由

where或when 引导的定语从句，此时可等于相应的介词+which。?question/ problem/ idea——从句为疑问副词引导的同位语从句

?其它名词，并且引导词后紧接一个与先行名词构成所属关系——从句为由whose或of

whom/ which 引导的定语从句

?其它名词——从句为由介词+关系代词whom/which 的定语从句

如果从句前没有可修饰的名词，则可考虑从句为状语从句。

第三节、定语从句的特殊用法

（1）as

●Such ideas ___ he thinks of are worthless. A. that B. as

●I saw the same dress in the store ___ she had on the day before. A. that B. as

●I found the same pen ___ I had lost the day before. A. that B. as

●He was late again, ___ we had expected. A. as B. which

●The street hasn’t been cleaned for weeks, ___ makes it very dirty. A. as B.which

●This is such a heavy stone _____ I can’t lift it. A. as B. that

●This is such a heavy stone _____ I can’t lift. A. as B. that

小结：

?as 用于t he same… as, such…as…的句型中。但the same…as…指的是与先行词同类的

事物，而t he same…that…指的是与先行词同一的事物。?Such...as 是定语从句，such...that 是状语从句。

?as还可以修饰一个主句。常译为“正如……”,已形成了一些固定搭配，可放在主句之前或之后。如：as we all know, as is known to all, as we all see, as is often said, as was usual, as is expected, as is reported, as is hoped 。而which也可修饰一个句子，但必须放在主句之后，和主句形成因果关系。

（2）way作先行词

?I don’t like the way _____________ you speak to her.

?I arrived here the day _____________ he left.

?He worked hard the whole time _____________he lived.

?He hurried into the airport the moment _____________the plane was about to take of f.

小结：

?当先行词为way时，定于从句的引导词可用in which, that或省略引导词。?that 有时可代替when,引导一个定语从句，修饰表示时间的名词，如day, time, moment 等。

四、一些特殊词之后的where

w here引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。

1.I’ve come to t he poin t where I can’t stand him.

2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time

.国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中

解析：当先行词是case, condition, situation, position, point, race, job, stage 等抽象名词，表示情况、方面、处境时用关系副词where，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。

1.We are trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk. （06山东）

A. which

B. that

C. where

D. when

2. ---Do you have anything to say for yourself?

---Yes, there’s one point ____ we must insist on （06江西）

A. why

B. where

C. how

D. /

3. Can you give me a situation ________ we can use the expression .

A.when

B. which

C. where

D. in that

4. After graduation she reach a point in her career ___________she needed to decide what to do.

A.that

B. where

C. which

D. at that

5.We are living an age_____many things are done on computer.

A.which

B. that

C. when

D. Where

做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。

五、定语从句中的主谓一致

用动词的正确形式填空：

I , who ______ (be) a student, work hard at my study.

He takes exercise everyday, which ______ (do) a lot of good to his health.

This is one of the most wonderful novels that _________________ (publish) since 1990.

He is the only one of the teachers who ______ (know) French in our school.

小结：

?定语从句的谓语动词与从句的主语保持一致。如果关系代词在从句中作主语，定于从

句的谓语动词的单复数与它所修饰的名词保持一致。

?如果先行名词为一个句子，从句的谓语动词用单数。

?one of the +复数名词这一结构后面的定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式。但the (only) one of the +复数名词这一结构后面的定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。

六、定语从句中的常见错误

?在定语从句中加了多余的定语。如：

1.Some of the boys I invited them didn’t come．

2.The book that you need it is in the library．

把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。如：

3.Anyone who break the law will be punished．

4.He is the only one of the teachers who know French in our school．

5.This is one of the rooms that is free now．

误省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词。如：

6.Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth．

7.The key opens the bike is missing．

定语从句中加了多余的关系副词或介词。如：

The house where he lives in needs repairing．

I still remember the day on when I first came to Beijing．

误将强调句型当定语从句。如：

It was in the kitchen where the fire broke out．

Was it because it snowed last night when you didn’t come？

[即学即练]

找出下列各句中的错误，并改正

1. I’ll tell you all what I know about the accident.

2. Is this book that you have read three times?

3. It was not until 11:30 when he got home last night.

4. He was late for class again, and which made the teacher very angry.

5. At the meeting he came up with a good plan, which we all agreed to accept it.

6. Anyone who want to go to the film tonight writes down your name here.

7. I have many friends, of them some are businessmen.

8. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house which roof is under repair.

七、易混淆句型训练

1.There are two boys in Peter's，both of ____are white．

.There are two boys in Peter’s，and both of ___ are white．

2. John is one of the students who____ English．

.John is the only one of the students who _____ English．

3. I will never forget the year ______ we spent together.

I will never forget the year ________ we work together.

4.This is the factory _____________ I paid a visit.

This is the factory _____ I visited yesterday.

5.This is the reason ________ he was late.

This is the reason ____________ he gave to me.

6. The way _______________he tried to get enough money was to sell her hair. . The way _________ he used to get enough money was to sell her hair.

7. I really have no idea ________ subject I should choose.

That question _________ we need it has not been considered.

The news ___________ he told me yesterday was true.

This is the order __________we received yesterday.

六、总结（定语从句知识框架）

高考链接

1. (14全国II) My friend showed me round the town, ______ was very kind of him.

A. which

B. that

C. where

D. it

2. (14安徽卷)Many children，________ parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village．A．their B．whose C．of them D．with whom

3.（14北京卷)–What do you think of teaching, Bob?

–I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ___ you are doing something serious but interesting.

A. where

B. which

C. when

D. that

4. (14福建卷)It’s helpful to put children in a situation _______ they can see themselves differently. A. that B. when C. which D. where

5. (14湖南卷)I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ______ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.

A. which

B. of which

C. that

D. whose

6. (14江苏卷)Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _____ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. A. if B. when C. which D. since

7. (14辽宁卷)They’ve won their last three matches, ________ I find a bit surprising actually.

A. that

B. when

C. what

D. which

8. (14全国I)She brought with her three friends, none of________ I had ever met before.

A. them

B. who

C. whom

D. these

9. (14全国II) My friend showed me round the town, ______ was very kind of him.

A. which

B. that

C. where

D. it

10. 14山东卷)Whenever I met her, ______ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.

A. who

B. which

C. when

D. that

11. (14陕西卷)Gun control is a subject________ Americans have argued for a long time .

A. of which

B. with which

C. about which

D. into which

12. (14上海卷)Mozart’s birthplace and the house ______ he composed “The Magic Flute”are

both museums now. A. where B. when C. there D. which

13. (14四川卷)She’ll never forget her stay there ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. A. that B. which C. where D. when

14. （14天津)A person _____ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.

A. who

B. whom

C. whose

D. whoever

15. (14天津卷)I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, _____ do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.

A. as

B. which

C. when

D. though

16.(14浙江)I have reached a point in my life_____I am supposed to make decisions of my own.

A which

B where

C how

D why

17. (14重庆卷)Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.

A. why

B. what

C. that

D. where

18. I don’t know the reason _____ you were absent from the meeting, but I am sure that someone will tell me the reason _____ you haven’t told me.

A. why; that

B. that; why

C. because; which

D. of which; that

19.( 15安徽卷）The exact year_____ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.

A. When

B. where

C. why

D. Which

20.(15北京卷）I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me..

A.who

B.which

C. when

D. Where

21.（15福建卷）Students should involve themselves in community activities ____they can gain experience for growth

A. who

B. when

C. which

D. Where

22.(15江苏卷）22. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work_______a good impression is a must.

A. which

B. when

C. as

D. where

23（15江西卷）Among the many dangers__ sailors have to face , probably the greatest of all is fog

A. which

B. what

C. where

D. when

24.（15山东卷）A company ______profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.

A. which

B. whose

C. who

D.why

25（14陕西卷）________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.

A. Why

B. When

C. That

D. What

26.(14四川卷）I now, we have raised 50.000 pounds for the poor children, ____ is quite unexpected A. that B. which C. who D. It

27(14天津卷）English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, ______ uses it differently .A. all of which B. each of which C. all of them D. each of them

28.（14重庆卷）We'll reach the sales targets in a month____we set at at the beginning of the year.

A. Which

B.where

C. when

D.what

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3、辅音：发音时气流受到阻碍。辅音分为清辅音和浊辅音两类。清辅音发音时声带不振动；浊辅音发音时声带振动。 4、音标：用来记录音素的符号。为了避免与字母混淆，音标被放在斜括号/ /内。 5、英语中的一个字母或字母组合在不同的单词中发音可能是不一样的，而相同的发音对应的字母或字母组合也可能不完全相同。 6、开音节：以元音字母结尾或以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母再加不发音的e结尾（r除外）的音节。元音字母在开音节中读长音，即该字母的名称音。闭音节：以一个或几个辅音字母（r除外）结尾。元音字母在闭音节中读短音。 // cup 第3讲名词名词是指表示人和事物名称的词，可以分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。

1、专有名词：特定的人、地方、机构等专有的名称。第一个字母通常要大写。 . Jim Green， New York， Bank of China，Peking University 星期、月份、节日、学科、报刊名也是专有名词。 . Monday，May，Christmas，Spring Festival，Maths，China Daily 2、普通名词：表示一类人或物或抽象概念的名称。普通名词又可以分为四类: 个体名词——表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：student , desk 集体名词——表示若干个体组成的集合体，如：class , family 物质名词——表示无法分为个体的物质名称，如：water , rice , sand，hair 抽象名词——表示情感，状态，品质等抽象名称，如：love ，carelessness 个体名词和集体名词多数可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词，有单、复数形式；物质名词和抽象名词通常无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词，一般只有一种形式。

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英语定语从句专项训练100(附答案) 一、定语从句 1．–Why are you so worried? -I’ve lost the watch ______ my dad bought me on my birthday. A．what B．who C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——你为什么如此担心？——我把那块我生日时爸爸买给我的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句，先行词是watch表示物，故关系代词只能用which或that；what不引导定语从句；who的先行词是人；whose表示所属；故选D。 2．That was his first invention. It was a machine ________ clothes. A．that used to wash B．which was used to washing C．which got used to washing D．that was used to wash 【答案】D 【解析】【详解】句意：那是他的第一个发明。那是一台用来洗衣服的机器。本题考查的是be used to do sth. “被用于做某事”的用法，而不是be/get used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”的用法，排除 B/C；再由That was his first invention.可知，本题是过去时，因此在that引导的定语从句中，应该用一般过去时的被动句。was used to wash被用来洗衣服，语境是：那是一台被用来洗衣服的机器。故选D。 3．The leaders from eight countries attended the Shanghai cooperation organization summit in Qingdao got the welcome of the Chinese people. A．whom B．what C．who D．which 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】句意：出席上海合作组织青岛峰会的8国领导人受到中国人民的欢迎。考查关系代词辨析。what不是关系词，可排除。whom和who都用于先行词是人时，但whom用作宾语，who用作主语或宾语；which用于先行词是物时。本句先行词The leaders是人，可排除which；关系词在从句中做主语，可排除whom。根据句意结构和语境，可知选C。 4．– Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV? –Sure. It’s a great TV program can develop the habit of reading.

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) 【定语从句专项练习】 1. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _____ effects the people are still suffering. A. that B. whose C. those D. what 2. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, __________ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union. A. during which time B. for which time C. during whose time D. by that time 3. I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. A. how B. which C. where D. that ; 4. The English play ________ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which 5. New York, ________ I visited last year, is a nice old city. A. that B. which C. when D. in which 6. I can think of many cases _______students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn't write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where 7. George Orwell, ________ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. A. the real name B. what his real name 。

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(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.

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高中定语从句详细讲解（一）定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。（二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。 This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。 4．That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。 Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？

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