大学英语(四)讨论话题和翻译句子定稿

大学英语（四）

1－7单元讨论话题13个

Unit 1

Talk about the power of humor and share the humorous story or typical joke with your classmates.

What is your favorite film and why do you like it so much?

Unit 2

Is Letter Writing Better than Calling?

Does criticism do more harm than good to people? Why?

Unit 3

What are the characteristics of the ideal wife and the ideal husband?

Who are teachers’ pets, boys or girls? How to avoid gender bias in classroom?

Ｕnit 4

Which should be emphasized in education, knowledge or creativity?

What do you think parents can do at home to encourage a child’s creativity?

Ｕnit5

What is your favorite sport? How do you benefit from it?

Should athletes be role models?

Unit6

Why would people like to take risks?

What are the links between health risks and environmental pollution?

Unit 7

Talk about the similarities and differences between your expectations of college life and the reality.

大学英语（四）汉译英句子

Unit 1

1. 还在小时候，布利茨恩(Blizten)就会戏弄祖母，把她的拖鞋挪走。

Even when young, Blizten would tease Grandma by carrying her slippers away. 2.这个笑话的幽默之处在于第二位男士说他的妻子不是一位贵妇。

The humor lies in the fact that the second man is saying that his wife is not a lady.

3.一个真正有幽默感的人在任何聚会上常常是注意力的焦点。

The truly humorous individual is often the focus of attention in any gathering.

4.双关语与其他幽默形式相比需要更细微、更巧妙的语言技巧。

Puns require more subtle and sophisticated language skills than other humor forms.

5.读者的乐趣就在于追随故事里隐含的线索。

The fun for the reader is in following the clues hidden in the story.

6.大多数侦探小说使读者感到不安,而不是慰藉。

Instead of being comforting, most detective novels unsettle their readers.

7.在一场谋杀案打乱了人们的生活之前，这是一个安定、可预测的世界。

This is a world which is safe and predictable until a murder shatters people’s lives.

8. 毫无疑问，音乐会继续发挥它的诱惑力。

There seems no doubt that music will continue to exert its attraction.

Unit 2 The Power of Words

1．因为那时我是个十几岁的小伙子，所以他的话最鼓舞人心了。

Because I was a teenager then, his words couldn’t have been more inspiring.

2．每当我怀疑自己不是当作家的料时，便会重温他的便笺。

Whenever I doubted I had the right stuff to be a writer，I would reread his note. 3．毫不奇怪，他的朋友圈子就像附近的伊利（Erie）湖那么大。

Not surprisingly, he has a body of friends as big as nearby Lake Erie.

4．我得知汤姆养成了一个给各行各业的人写快捷的便笺的习惯。

I learned that Tom made a habit of writing a quick note to people in all walks of life.

5．在一个惯于冷漠、无动于衷的世界上，这种便笺带来了温暖和安慰。

In a world too often cold and unresponsive, such notes bring warmth and reassurance.

6．他的便条不仅写给同事，还写给萍水相逢的和完全陌生的人。

His notes go not only to associates, but to casual acquaintances and total strangers. 7．清新和热情会长久地回荡在读者的心灵中。

The freshness and enthusiasm will linger in the reader’s mind long afterward. 8．给我留下了深刻的印象的，是他每次真诚的反应。

What impressed me so much was his sincere response every time.

Unit 3 Gender Difference

1.各种不同类型的行为和情感，既是由遗传也是由文化定型的。

Various types of behavior and emotions are patterned by both heredity and culture.

2.在教育中存在一种偏爱男孩胜于女孩的文化偏见。

There is a cultural bias in education that favors boys over girls.

3.那些成为积极的课堂参与者的学生会形成更积极的态度。

Those students who become active classroom participants will develop more positive attitudes.

4. 请男生回答问题的次数远比女生多，这对学习过程有着巨大的影响。Calling on males far more than on female students has a tremendous impact on the learning process.

5.有时候教师们不知不觉地阻止女孩像男孩一样积极地参与。

Sometimes teachers unknowingly prevented girls from participating as actively as boys.

6.男生作业做得马虎却受表扬，要是女生做这样的作业就得不到宽容。

Boys receive praise for sloppy work that would not be tolerated from girls.

7.女孩子到九岁时数学一直比男孩子强，但此后便落后了。

Girls are superior to boys in math up to the age of nine, but fall behind from then on.

8.即使男孩们占少数时，他们也得到老师们三分之二的注意力。

Boys get two-thirds of t he teachers’ attention even when they are in a minority.

Unit 4 Creativity

1．如果迪克听从了他的老板，也许我们就不会有遮护胶带了。

If Dick had listened to his boss, we might not have masking tape.

2．有时犯傻是通向创造性的必要的一步。

Sometimes being silly is an essential step toward creativity.

3．创造性并非与生俱来，也不一定就是高智慧的特征。

Creativity is not something one is born with, nor is it necessarily a characteristic of high intelligence.

4．许多教育者十分看重考试分数，往往为了正确的答案而牺牲了创造性。With strong emphasis on test scores, many educators sacrifice creativity for correct answers.

5．创造一个荒诞想法受到尊重和赞赏，而不是鄙视或不理会的环境是很重要的。It is important to create a place where wild ideas are honored and valued, never scorned or dismissed.

6．即使是为了中美友谊，我们也并不特别感激这种干预。

Even for the sake of Chinese-American friendship, we were not particularly grateful for this intervention.

7．大人几乎毫不犹豫地干涉小孩成长的过程。

Adults feel little hesitation about intervening in the child-growing process.

8．在希望孩子怎样行事上，我们遇到了两种截然不同的态度。

We were dealing with totally different attitudes about the preferred behavior for children.

Unit 5

1.做个好榜样并不需要十全十美, 而且人们也不应该期盼完美。

You don’t have to be perfect to be a good role model, and people shouldn’t expect perfection.

2.他显示出一个优秀者应具有的诸如诚实、毅力这些品格吗？

Does he display the values—like honesty and determination—that are part of being a good person?

3.时刻处在公众的注视之下有时令人难以忍受。

Constantly being watched by the public can be hard to tolerate at times.

4.如果孩子们心目中的英雄犯了错误，他们就不会觉得世界末日到了。

If the kid’s heroes should make mistakes, it won’t seem like the end of the world to them.

5.要成为一名体育明星，你必须具备非凡的竞争意识。

To become a star athlete, you have to have an extremely competitive outlook.

6.他们变得很自负，表现得就像他们的运动生涯会永远辉煌下去。

They become conceited and behave as if their athletic success will last forever.

7.当他们因为享有特权便自认为可以为所欲为时，危险就随之而至。

The danger arises when they think that because they are privileged they can have anything they want.

8．人们期望运动员来充当社会的英雄是一种误导。

It’s misguided for society to look to athletes for its heroes.

Unit 6

1．在说不定的某个时候，我们大家都曾充当过疑病症患者的角色。

At some time or other, all of us have played the part of a hypochondriac.

2．然而对疾病的恐惧并非我们唯一的恐惧。同样患病的危险也并非我们唯一会遇上的危险。

But fear of disease is not our only fear, and neither is risk of disease the only risk we run.

3．现代生活中充满了各种各样的威胁，诸如对我们生命的威胁，对我们未来的威胁。

Modern life is full of all manner of threats—to our lives and our future.

4．风险几乎总是一个可能性的问题而无确定性可言。

Risks are almost always a matter of probability rather than certainty.

5．上面说的这一切，只是从另一角度说明我们所做的事没有一件是百分之百安全的。

All of this is another way of saying that nothing we do is completely safe.

6．但是即便你买得起，这笔额外的费用以及所带来的不便是否值得呢？

But is the added cost and inconvenience worth the difference in price, even supposing you could afford it?

7．关键在于要让自己了解相应的风险，然后见机行事。

The point is to inform ourselves about the relevant risks and then act accordingly. 8．风险管理需要两大要素：常识以及与我们可能要承担的风险的性质和程度相关的信息。

Risk management requires two things: common sense and information about the character and degree of the risks we may be running.

Unit 7

1. 当你们没有按期交作业时，我们装作不在乎。

When your work came in beyond the deadline, we pretended not to care.

2．在过去的50年中，大学使你们丧失了得到充分培养的机会。

College has deprived you of adequate preparation for the last 50 years.

3. 在大学里，我们必须学会规划时间，学会容忍。

At college, we must learn to budget our time and to be tolerant.

4．我们与来自世界各地的人相识，开阔了我们的视野，使我们彼此加深了解。

We meet people from different parts of the world that broaden our view of the world and help us understand each other better.

大学英语四级翻译技巧

英语四级六级、三级考试翻译技巧 句子翻译的常用技巧 英语和汉语是两种差异比较大的语言，英语重形合，汉语重意合。有人把英语句子比喻为“树木丛生、干枝纠缠的树林”，脉络难析，主次难辨，而把汉语句子比喻为“枝干分明的竹林”，脉络清晰，主次易辨。翻译时，根据表达习惯，英语、汉语的句子结构有时需要进行相应的转换。英汉语复合句中主句和从句之间的时间顺序和逻辑顺序也不完全一致，因此，翻译时，也时常需要根据表达习惯，对句序进行相应的调整。恒星英语学习网现代翻译理论认为，句子是最重要的翻译单位。大学英语四级考试中的翻译题型也是以句子翻译为主。考生如果能够熟练掌握句子翻译的基本方法，那么对于处理四级考试中的句子翻译题必将是如虎添翼。本期着重介绍常用的句子翻译方法：正反、反正表达法，分句、合句法。 正反、反正表达法 由于民族文化和思维方式不同，英汉两种语言在表达同一概念时所采用的方式就有所不同。在表达否定概念时，英语和汉语使用的词汇、语法、语言逻辑就有很大的差异。汉语中有些词、短语或者句子是从反面表达的，而译成英语时则需要从正面进行表达，如例1、例2、例3。反之，汉语中有些从正面表达的词、短语或者句子，译成英语时需要从反面进行表达，如例4、例5、例6。此外，汉语还有一些特殊的句子结构，如双重否定（例7）、否定转移（例8）在译成英语时也需要引起我们的注意。 I.汉语从反面表达，译文从正面表达 例1：他提出的论据相当不充实。 译文：The argument he put forward is pretty thin. （词） 例2：我们确信，年轻一代将不会辜负我们的信任。 译文：We are confident that the younger generation will prove worthy of our trust. （短语）例3：他七十岁了，可是并不显老。 译文：He was 70，but he carried his years lightly. （句子） II.汉语从正面表达，译文从反面表达 例4：他这个人优柔寡断，而且总是反复无常。 译文：He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious. （词） 例5：调查结果清清楚楚地显示病人死于心脏病。 译文：The investigation left no doubt that the patient had died of heart disease. （短语）例6：这类举动迟早会被人发觉的。恒星英语学习网https://www.sodocs.net/doc/cb7735192.html, 译文：Such actions couldn’t long escape notice. （句子） III.特殊的否定句式 例7：有利必有弊。 译文：There is not any advantage without disadvantage. （双重否定） 例8：我们在那个城市从未因为是犹太人而遭受歧视。 译文：In that city，we had never suffered discrimination because we were Jews. （否定转移） From: https://www.sodocs.net/doc/cb7735192.html,/CET46/CET4/fanyi/2011-08-11/151730.html

大学英语四级长句翻译方法及技巧

第19卷第12期 武汉科技学院学报Vol.19 No.12 2006年12月 JOURNAL OF WUHAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING Dec. 2006 英语长句翻译方法及技巧 张艳萍 (湛江师范学院大学外语部, 广东湛江 524048) 摘要：英语长句翻译是英语学习中的一个难点,本文从英汉语言对比的角度，探讨了英汉两种语言的 差异，进一步分析了两种语言长句的特点,概述了英语长句的常用的四种翻译方法，并举例分析了这些 方法在实际中的运用。 关键词：英汉长句；差异；翻译；技巧 中图分类号：H315.9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1009－5160(2006)－0200－04 我们在英语教学过程中，往往会发现学生在汉译英时出现中国式英语，英译汉时句子却“西化”。究其原因我认为这主要是因为英语和汉语来自两种完全不同的文化语言体系，语序差别甚大，尤其遇到复杂长句，除了需要较强的对比分析理解能力外，还要求我们掌握一定的翻译理论和技巧以及具备较好的语言表达能力。为此，本人结合自己的英语教学实际，拟从英汉语言对比的角度来对英语长句的翻译问题作些探讨。 1 英汉句子结构的差异 人类语言的多样性，使翻译成为人类交流的重要媒介。同时，由于不同语言体系的差异，在英汉翻译里，英语和汉语会在句法结构、内在逻辑关系存在着明显差异： （1）英语句子重形合，汉语句子重意合。汉语注重隐性连贯注重逻辑事理顺序、注重功能、意义，注重以神统形，形合手段比英语少得多，没有英语所常用的那些关系代词、关系副词、连接代词和连接副词。并且汉语介词数量少，句式结构上也无太多的限制，可以利用说话的语气、环境及语言结构内部的相互衬托等条件使语句尽量辞约义丰。所以汉语是一种必须联系交际人主体意识、语言环境、句子表达功能作动态的意念分析的重“意合”的语言，是有别于英语句子重“形合”，试看下面句子： 例1：My idea of a good P.E. class is one where youth are involved in at least 20 minutes of basic movement that gets their heart rates up. 译文：说到一节好的体育课，我的想法是青年在体育课中至少要进行20分钟使他们心跳加快的基本运动。 这是一个典型的重形合的英语句子，全句用两个关系代词将两个定语从句联系起来，在译文中，将关系一层层理清楚，整句语气从容不迫，这就符合了汉语的叙事方法。 例2：不听老人言，吃亏在眼前。 译文1：If you wish good advice, consult an old man. 原文中的假设关系是隐含的，译成英语时用连词if把假设关系给表达出来，从这一例句可以看出英语重形合而汉语重意合的句子特点。 译文2：Who never consults an old man may suffer loss. 此句用名词性从句来翻译，同样体现了英汉两种语言在“形”和“意”上的区别。 （2）汉语通常根据时间顺序逐个翻译，而英语则较注重空间顺序。 汉语句中可常见两个以上的动词，甚至几乎全句皆动词。如：孩子们手里拿着老师给他们的礼物，唱着、 收稿日期：2006-09-17 作者简介：张艳萍（1978- ），女，硕士研究生，研究方向：英语翻译.

历年大学英语四级翻译真试题及范文答案、、、、

历年大学英语四级翻译真试题及范文答案、、、、

12月大学英语四级考试翻译题目 许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不但被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nutrition)。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，因此中餐既味美又健康。 Most people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is considered as not only a skil l but also an art. The well-prepared Chinese food is both delicious and good-look ing. Although cooking methods and food ingredient vary wildly in different place s of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. Since food is crucial to health, a good chef is insistently trying to se ek balance between cereal, meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as healthy. 信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。不论怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。 As China citizens attaching great importance to the rapidly development of Info rmation Technology, some college even set it as a compulsory course. Regarding to this phenomenon, people holding different views. Some people think it is not n ecessary, for students should learn the traditional curriculum. Another part of p eople think it is a need, because China should keep pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology aroused public concern. "你要茶还是咖啡?"是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶，相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清(the qing dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一，茶是中国的瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。 "Would you like tea or coffee?" That’s a question people often asked when having meal. Most westerners will choose coffee, while the Chinese would like to choose tea. According to legend, tea was discovered by a Chinese emperor five thousand years ago, and then was used to cure disease. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses were all over the country. Tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century, but it was not until th e 18th century does it spread to Europe and America. Nowadays, tea is one of th e most popular beverage in the world, and it is not only the treasure of China b ut also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture. 中国结最初是由手工艺人创造的，经过数百年不断的改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。在古代，人们用它来记录事件，但现在主要是用于装饰的目的。“结”在中文里意味着爱情，婚姻和团聚,中国结常常作为礼物交换

大学英语四级句子翻译

Unit1 1.我还要感谢那些在我处于困境时支持我的人。 1.My thanks go to those who still stuck by me when I fell upon dark days 2.他出版了一本通俗小说，赚了很多钱，所以有能力买新房和轿车。. 2. Now that he has published a popular novel which earns him a large amount of money, he is able to buy a new house and a car. 3.警察说，他们产生怀疑是因为姑娘的尸体上还有其他的印记。 3. The police said that their suspicions were aroused because the girl had other marks on her body. 4.你怎么能这样对他说话？是她把你养大，帮你完成学业。 4. How can you talk to her like that? She is the one who brought you up and helped you finish school. 5.尽管这些学生毕业后的道路会很艰难，但他们的前途却是光明的。 5. Hard as the road for these students after school will be, their prospects are bright. 6.为了有足够的钱来经营这个商行，他拍卖的新买的房子，损失了一大笔钱。 6. In order to have enough money to run the business, he sold his newly-bought house at auction even at a substantial loss. 7.他批评警察局长对自己的部门监管不严是完全有道理的。 7. He is fully justified in criticizing the police commissioner for poorly supervising his department. 8.为吸引外宾，这些受保护的古代建筑被修复得很漂亮。 8. These ancient buildings which are under protection have been restored beautifully to attract foreigners. Unit2 1.大多数缺铁的人并不知道他们缺铁。 1. Most people with low iron reserves don’t know they have an iron deficiency.

(完整word版)英语长难句翻译技巧及方法

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历年英语四级翻译真题 及答案 集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]

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英语翻译技巧 Company Document number：WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT

01英汉语言结构对比和翻译中的转换 形合与意合 定义及理论知识 1 英语是语法型语言，重语法结构：其语义通过形式表达出来。比如用 and 表示并列关系，用 if 表示条件关系，用 because 表示因果关系等。句子成分之间的逻辑关系靠关联词等显性连接。 汉语是语义型语言，通常汉语各分局之间的联系主要是通过逻辑纽带或语序之间接地表现出来，句子成分之间靠隐性连贯。 实例分析 2 ① Dear dear, think of me, if you won't think of yourself. When should I do when you die 哎呀！你就是不为自己着想，也得我我想想，你死了我怎么办呀 （译文中省略介词of和连词when、if） ②爹，你就是不为自己着想，也得为我想想，也得想到......俺娘。 Dad, think of me... and my mummy, if you won't think of yourself. （译文中增补介词of和连词if） ③ I may be wrong and you may be right, and by an effort, we may be nearer to be the truth. 也许我是错的，你是对的。我们做出努力，就会更接近真理。 （译文中省略了连词and） 举一反三 3 1. 听到这个消息，他满眼是泪。

2. 中国将努力促进国内粮食增长，在正常情况下，粮食自给率不低于95%。 02 英汉语言结构对比和翻译中的转换 形合转为意合 英译汉——形合转为意合 1 在英译汉时，要摆脱原文形合结构的束缚，尽可能采用意合方法，才能符合汉语的表达习惯，使译文流转自如，明白晓畅。 另外，英语中除了多用关联词外，还有其他连接手段，包括通过词的形态变化表示各种语法概念。 泰特勒（Alexander Fraser Tytler）对“好的翻译”所下的定义是：“原作的长处完全移注在另一语文里，似的译文文字所属的国家的人能明确地领悟，强烈地感受，正像用原作的语文的人们所领悟的，所感受的一样” 实例分析 2 ① Some delighted films made by the late Dr. Arnold Gesell of Yale University show little creatures who can barely talk investigating problems with all the zeal and excitement of explorers, making discoveries with the passion and absorption of dedicated scientists.(Gilbert Highet, The Pleasure of Learning ) 由已故的耶鲁大学阿诺德·盖塞尔博士拍摄的几部有趣的电影表明，还没学会说话的小家伙们竟以探险家般的热情和兴奋来探究问题，以热诚的科学家们那种激情和专注来进行研究发现。 （句中 made by 构成过去分词短语作定语，修饰 films，两个现在分词investigating 和 making 则与宾语 creature 一起构成复合宾语。汉语中的动词没有词形变化，因此在汉语中就不必分谓语动词和非谓语动词）