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英语四级写作话题和句型

（一）大学英语四级写作常见八大类话题

从上表可以看出，四级题目涉及到社会生活的各个方面，但可大体归纳为几个方面，下面就是对各个主要方面常见的内容的介绍。

一、环境（Environment）

二、大学生活学习（Colleges and Universities）

三、体育锻炼（Exercise）

四、人类疾病（Human Disease）

五、压力（Stress ）

六、人际交往与通讯科技（Interpersonal Communication）

七、网络科技（Internet）

八、日常生活（Everyday Life）

(二) 英文议论文的结构特点

汉语写作对文章结构的要求不是很高，如开头段应该包括什么、论题句应该在什么时候出现、文章的结尾是否必须总结全文等等。而英语写作要求文章结构必须十分严谨，文章各个部分的功能都要十分清晰，开头、中间和结尾都有严格的要求。

简而言之，英语议论文共有三大特点：

1、观点鲜明的开头；

2、紧扣主题的结尾；

3、有主题句并且衔接自然的中间段落。

（三）段落组织技巧

开头段

开头段的作用是概括陈述主题，提出观点或论点，表明写作意图，要求语言精练，直接切入主题或引出观点，一般不对主题进行深入的探讨，具体的论证或说明描述应该在中间段落进行，开头段一般写三、四句即可。在组织开头段时要注意避免以下几点：

·开头偏离主题太远，否则会容易导致切题不准，主题不明

·使用抱歉或埋怨之词句，因为社会主旋律是倡导积极向上的思想

·内容不具体，言之无物，使用不言自明的陈述，给人以充数累赘之感

四级写作中常用的开头段的表达方法举例如下：

·使用引语（use a quotation）

使用一段名人名言，或人们常用的谚语、习语，以确定文章的写作范围和方向。

·引用具体或粗略的数据（use figures or statistics）

当然对于图表题型，该种方法是必须的选择，具体做法是给出一些具体或粗略的数据，然后作出概括性分析，点明主题或引出需要论述的问题。

·提出问题（ask a question）

提出有争议或探讨性的具体问题，然后加以简要回答或展开引导性简短讨论。

·给出具体实例或报道（offer relevant examples or reports）

给出具体生活实例或新闻报道

·定义法（give definition）

针对讨论的主题或问题加以定义，然后进行深入探讨。

·主题句法（use of topic sentence）

文章一开始就以主题句点明全文主题，然后围绕主题内容进行发展。

开头段的常用核心句型归纳如下，大家可选择使用：

·As opposed to generally accepted views, I believe that …

·The arguer may be right about …, but he seems to neglect to mention the fact that ….

·Although it is commonly agreed that …, it is unlikely to be true that ….

·There is an element of truth in this statement, but it ignores a deeper and more basic fact that ….

·In all the discussion and debate over …, one important fact is generally overlooked.

·On the surface （At first thought）, it （this）may seem a sound （an attractive）suggestion （solution / idea）, but careful weighing on the mind （on closer analysis / on second thought）, we find that …

·Although many people believe that …, I wonder whether the argument bears much analysis

·The danger （problem / fact / truth / point）is that….

·I agree with the above statement because I believe that ….

·There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of …. Those who object to … argue that …. But people who favor …, on the other hand, argue that….

·Currently （In recent years / In the past few years / For many years now）, there is （has been）a（n）general （widespread / growing / widely held）feeling towards （concern over / attitude towards / trend towards / awareness of / realization of / illusion of / belief in）….

·As far as I am concerned, however, I believe that ….

·Now it is commonly （widely / generally / increasingly）believed （thought / held / accepted/ felt / recognized / acknowledged）that …. But I wonder （doubt）whether …

结尾段

结尾段的写作方法可以归纳如下：

·总结归纳

简要总结归纳文章要点，以便深化主题印象。

·重申主题

再次强调和确定文章开头阐述的中心思想。

·预测展望

立足当前，放眼未来。

·提出建议

提出解决问题的途径、方法或呼吁人们采取相应的行动。

·提出问题

提出具有发人深省的问题，从而突出中心思想。

·引用格言

用格言、谚语或习语总括全文中心思想。

结尾段常用的核心句型归纳如下，大家可根据自己的习惯和需要选择使用：

·From what has been discussed above （Taking into account all these factors / Judging from all evidence offered）, we may safely draw （reach / come to / arrive at）the conclusion that ….

·All the evidence （analysis）supports （justifies / confirms / warrants / points to）a（n）unshakable （unmistakable / sound / just）conclusion that ….

·It is high time that we placed （laid / put）great （special / considerable）emphasis on the improvement （development / increase / promotion）of ….

·It is high time that we put an end to the deep-seated （unhealthy / undesirable / deplorable）situation （tendency / phenomenon）of ….

·We must look （search / call / cry）for an immediate action （method / measure）, because the present （current）situation （phenomenon / tendency / state / attitude）of …, if permitted （allowed）to continue （proceed）, will surely （certainly）lead to （result in）the end （destruction / heavy cost）of ….

·There is no easy （immediate / effective）solution （approach / answer / remedy）to the problem of …, but …might be useful （helpful / beneficial）.

·No easy method （solution / recipe / remedy）can be at hand （found / guaranteed）to solve （resolve / tackle）the problem of …, but the common

（general / public）recognition of （realization of / awareness of / commitment to）the necessity （importance / significance）of …might be the first step towards change （on the right way / in the right direction）.

·Following these methods （suggestions）may not guarantee the success in （solution to）…, but the pay-off will be worth the effort.

·Obviously （Clearly / No doubt）, if we ignore （are blind to）the problem, there is every chance that ….

·Unless there is a common realization of （general commitment to）…, it is very likely （the chances are good）that ….

·There is little doubt （no denying）that serious （special / adequate / immediate / further）attention must be called （paid / devoted）to the problem of ….

·It is necessary （essential / fundamental）that effective （quick / proper）action （steps /measures / remedies）should be taken to prevent （correct /check / end / fight）the situation （tendency / phenomenon）.

·It is hoped （suggested / recommended）that great （continuous / persistent / sustained / corporate）efforts should be made to control （check/ halt / promote）the growth （increase / rise）of ….

·It is hoped that great efforts should be directed to （expended on / focused on）finding （developing / improving）….

·It remains to be seen whether …, but the prospect （outlook）is not quite encouraging （that rosy）.

·Anyhow, wider （more）education （publicity）should be given to the possible （potential / grave /serious / pernicious）consequences （effects）of ….

·To reverse （check / control）the trend （tendency）is not a light task （an easy job）, and it requires （demands / involves / entails）a different state of mind towards （attitude towards / outlook on）….

·For these reasons, I strongly recommend that ….

·For the reasons given above, I feel that ….

中间段

再看一下中间段落的组织。中间段的任务是依据开头段所交代的内容来阐述文章的论点，围绕主题或论点展开讨论，或就具体要求进行描述和说明。

中间段是文章的正文，其作用是从不同的层面对文章主题进行具体和详实的解释和论证。中间段篇幅一般比开头段和结尾段长，每段有相应的主题句，包含定义、解释、描写等手法，说明主题思想的扩展句采用实例、数据或个人经历等写作手段，当然不同种类的段落采用不同的扩展手段。

中间段有以下具体特点：

·所涉及内容应该准确、清楚，颇具说服力；

·段落中一定具备主题句；

·段落内容应该保持完整、统一，没有说明不足之处或多余冗长的细节；

·内容顺序安排合理，逻辑性较强；

·段落之间连贯自然；

·段落中讨论的内容主次分明，材料比例适当；

·词与句型运用合理并且有变化。

常用的中间段展开方法归纳如下：

·列举法

·比较对比法

·因果法

·例证法

·发展过程法

·定义法

·分类法

中间段常用的的核心句型归纳如下，大家可根据自己的习惯和需要选择使用：

·Although the popular belief is that …, a current （new / recent）study （survey / poll / investigation）indicates （shows / demonstrates）that ….

·Common sense tells us that ….

·The increase （change / failure / success）in …mainly （largely / partly）results from （arises from / is because of）….

·The increase （change / failure / success）in …is due to （owing to / attributable to）the fact that ….

·Many people would claim that ….

·One may attribute （ascribe / owe）the increase （decrease / change ）to …, but … is not by itself an adequate explanation.

·One of the reasons given for …is that ….

·What is also worth noticing is that ….

·There are many （different / several /a number of / a variety of）causes （reasons）for this dramatic （marked / significant）growth （change / decline / increase）in …. First, …. Second, …. Finally, ….

·There is no evidence to suggest that….

·Why are （is / do / did）…·For one thing, …. For another, ….

·Another reason why I dispute the above statement is that ….

·It gives rise to （lead to / bring /create）a host of problems （consequences）.

·There are numerous reasons why …, and I shall here explore only a few of the most important ones.

·It will exert （have / produce）profound （far-reaching / remarkable / considerable / beneficial / favorable / undesirable / disastrous）effect （influence）on ….

· A multitude of factors could account for （contribute to / lead to / result in / influence）the change （increase / decrease / success / failure / development）in ….

·In 2000, it increased （rose / jumped / shot up）from 5 to 10 percent of the total （to 15 percent / by 15 percent）.

·By comparison with 2002, it decreased （dropped / fell）from 10 to 5 percent （to 15 percent / by 15 percent）.

·It accounts for 15 percent of the total.

·There were 100 traffic accidents in April, an increase of 5 percent in a five-month period.

·By 2002, only （less than / more than / almost / about / over/ as many as）three quarters （40 percent of / one out of five / one in four）college population （graduates / housewives）as against （as compared with）last year （2002）preferred to （liked）….

·With the development （improvement / rise / growth / general recognition / acknowledgement / realization）of …, vast changes await this country’s society.

·Now people in growing （ever-increasing / significant）numbers are beginning （coming / getting）to believe （realize / recognize / understand / accept / see / be aware）that ….

·According to a（n）recent （new / official）study （survey / report / poll）, ….

·History （Our society）is filled （abounds）with the examples of ….

·The story （case / instance / situation）is not rare （isolated / unique）, it is one of many examples （typical of dozens）.

· A （one）recent （new / general / nationwide）study （survey / poll / investigation）conducted （taken）at a university by （officials / scientists / experts）indicates （reveals / suggests / shows / proves / demonstrates）that ….

·According to （As can be seen in / As is shown in）the figures （statistics / findings / data / graph / table）released （provided）by the government （an institute）, it can be learned （seen / predicted）that ….

·There is （no）good （every / little / sufficient / considerable / strong）evidence （proof）to

·Personal experience （Examples I heard / read of）leads me to conclude that ….

·We must admit the undeniable fact that ….

·No one can deny （ignore / doubt / overlook / obscure / brush aside）the fact that ….

·Experience （Evidence）suggests （shows）that ….

·Take for example …who （that）….

·The same is true of ….

·As the saying goes, “….”

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英语四级作文万能句子一、引出开头 1：It is well-known to us that……（我们都知道……）==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …（就我所知…） 2：Recently the problem of……has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……问题引起了关注） 3：Nowadays（overpopulation）has become a problem we have to face.（现今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题）4：Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.（互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色，它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题） 5：With the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……） 6：It is a common belief that……==It is commonly believed that……（人们一般认为……） 7：A lot of people seem to think that……（很多人似乎认为……） 8：It is universally acknowledged that + 句子（全世界都知道...）二、表达不同观点 1：People's views on……vary from person to person. Some hold that……However, others believe that……（人们对……的观点因人而异，有些人认为……然而其他人却认为……） 2：People may have different opinions on……（人们对……可能会持有不同见解） 3：Attitudes towards （drugs）vary from person to person.==Different people hold different attitudes towards（failure）（人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异） 4：There are different opinions among people as to……（对于……人们的观点大不相同）三、表示结尾 1：In short, it can be said that……（总之，他的意思是……） 2：From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that……（从上面提到的，我们可以得出结论……）3：Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……（把所有的这些因素加以考虑，我们自然可以得出结论……） 4：Hence/Therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that……（因此，我们最好的出这样的结论……） 5：There is no doubt that (job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.（毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点） 6：All in all, we cannot live without……,but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.（总之，我们没有……无法生活，但同时我们必须寻求新的解决办法来面对可能出现的新问题）四、提出建议 1：It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).（该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了） 2：There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of……（毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够重视）3：Obviously ,if we want to do something …it is essential that……（显然，如果我们想要做么事，很重要的是……）4：Only in this way can we ……（只有这样，我们才能……） 5：Spare no effort to + V （不遗余力的）五、预示后果 1：Obviously，if we don't control the problem, the chances are that……will lead us in danger.（很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险） 2：No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that ……（毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，否则我们很可能会……） 3：It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation（很紧迫的是应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展）六、表示论证 1：From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.(在我看来，支持第一种观

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