2012年6月大学英语四级考试真题试题及答案解析

poor urba n n eighborhoods. While the emphasis on teach ing to higher, test-drive n sta ndards as set in No Child Left Behind resulted in significantly better performanee in elementary（and some middle）schools, high schools for a variety of reasons seemed to have made little progress.[ 虽然强调高质量的教学，测试驱动的标准是不让一个孩子掉队，这确实也让小学（和一些中间）学校

的教育取得了更好效益，但是高中因为各种各样的原因似乎没有取得什么进展。]

Size isn' t everything, but it does matter, and the past decade has seen a noticeable countertrend toward smaller schools. This has been due ,in part ,to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has in vested $1.8 billi on in America n high schools, help ing to ope n about 1,000 small schools-most of them with about 400 kids each with an average en rollme nt of only 150 per grade, About 500 more are on the draw ing board. Districts all over the country are tak ing

Passage One

Questi ons 57 to 61 are based on the follow ing passage.

In times of econo mic crisis. America ns turn to their families for support. If the Great Depression is any guide, we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate. But this won' t n ecessarily represe nt. an in crease in happy marriages. In the long run, the Depressi on weake ned America n families, and the curre nt crisis will probably do the same.

We tend to thi nk of the Depressi on as a time whe n families pulled together to survive huge job losses, By 1932. whe n n early on e-quarter of the workforce was un employed, the divorce rate had declined by around 25% from 1929 But this doesn ' t mean people were suddenly happier with their marriages. Rather, with in comes decreas ing and in secure jobs, un happy couples often could n ' t afford to divorce . They feared n either spouse could man age alone.

Today, given the job losses of the past year, fewer unhappy couples will risk st arting separate households, Furthermore, the housing market meltdown will make it more difficult for them to finance their separati ons by selli ng their homes.

After finan cial disasters family members also tend to do whatever they can to help each other and their com mun ities, A 1940 book. The Un employed Man and His Family, described a family in which the husband initially reacted to losing his job “ with tireless search for work. ” He was always active, look ing for odd jobs to do.

The problem is that such an impulse is hard to sustain Across the country, many similar families were un able to mai ntai n the in itial boost i n morale（士气）.For some, the hardships of life without steady work even tually overwhelmed their attempts to keep their families together. The divorce rate rose aga in duri ng the rest of the decade as the recovery took hold.

Millio ns of America n families may now be in the in itial stage of their resp on ses to the curre nt crisis, work ing together and support ing one ano ther through the early mon ths of un employme nt.

Today's econo mic crisis could well gen erate a similar nu mber of couples whose relati on ships have been irreparably（无法弥补地）ruined. So it ' s only when the economy is healthy again that we' ll begin to see just how many broken families have been created.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

57.ln the in itial stage, the curre nt econo mic crisis is likely to _______ .

A） tear many troubled families apart

B) con tribute to en duri ng family ties

C) bring about a drop in the divorce rate

D) cause a lot of con flicts in the family

58. In the Great Depressi on many un happy couples close to stick together because

A) starti ng a new family would be hard

B) they expected things would turn better

C) they wan ted to better protect their kids

D) livi ng separately would be too costly

59」n additi on to job losses. What sta nds in the way of un happy couples gett ing a divorce?

A) Moun ti ng family debts

B) A sense of in security

C) Difficulty in gett ing a loa n

D) Fall ing hous ing prices

60. What will the curre nt econo mic crisis even tually do to some married couples?

A) It will force them to pull their efforts together

B) It will un derm ine their mutual un dersta nding

C) It will help stre ngthe n their emoti onal bonds

D) It will irreparably damage their relatio nship

61. What can be in ferred from the last paragraph?

A) The econo mic recovery will see a higher divorce rate

B) Few couples can sta nd the test of econo mic hardships

C) A stable family is the best protecti on aga inst poverty.

D) Money is the foun dati on of many a happy marriage

Passage Two

Questio ns 62 to 66 are based on the follow ing passage:

People are being lured (弓丨诱)onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service without realizing they ' re paying for it by giving up toads of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by sell ing their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.

Most Facebook users don't realize this is happe ning. Even if they know what the compa ny is up to, they still have no idea what they ' re paying for Face book because people don' t really know what their pers onal data is worth.

The biggest problem, however, is that the compa ny keeps cha nging the rules Early on you keep everything private. That was the great thing about facebook you could create own little private n etwork. Last year. The compa ny cha nged its privacy rules so that many things you city. Your photo, your friends ' names-were set, by default (默认)to be shared with every one on the Intern et.

Accord ing to Facebook' s vice-preside nt Elliot Schrage, the compa ny is simply making

changes to improve its service, and if people don 't share information They have a "less satisfying ?”

experie nee

Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. In original bus in ess model, which in volved selli ng ads and putt ing the n At the side of the pages totally Who wants to took at ads when they' re online connecting with their friends?

The privacy issue has already Ian ded Facebook in hot water in Wash ington. In April. Sen ator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to cha nge its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commissi on to set guideli nes for social-network ing sites. “ I think the sen ator rightly com muni cated that we had not bee n clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them,” Schrage admits.

I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy, it' s only the beginning. Which is why I ' m considering deactivating( 撤与肖)my account. Facebook is a handy site, but I ' m upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don ' t That' s too high a price to pay.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

62. What do we lear n about Facebook from the first paragraph?

A) It is a website that sends messages to targeted users.

B) It makes money by putt ing on advertiseme nts.

C) It profits by selling its users ' personal data.

D) It provides loads of in formati on to its users.

63. What does the author say about most Facebook users?

A) They are relucta nt to give up their pers onal in formatio n.

B) They don ' t know their personal data enriches Facebook.

C) They don' t identify themselves when using the website.

D) They care very little about their pers onal in formati on.

64. Why does Facebook make cha nges to its rules accord ing to Elliot Schrage?

A) To ren der better service to its users.

B) To conform to the Federal guideli nes.

C) To improve its users ' connectivity.

D) To expa nd its scope of bus in ess.

65. Why does Sen ator Charles Schumer advocate?

A) Sett ing guideli nes for advertis ing on websites.

B) Banning the sharing of users ' personal information.

C) Formulat ing regulati ons for social-network ing sites.

D) Removi ng ads from all social-network ing sites.

66. Why does the author pla n to cancel his Facebook acco unt?

A) He is dissatisfied with its curre nt service.

B) He finds many of its users un trustworthy.

C) He doesn' t want his personal data abused.

D) He is upset by its freque nt rule cha nges.

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