高二英语选修8(外研版)：3-3Reading Practice——Cultural Corner

Module 3 Section III

Ⅰ.根据句意和所给汉语提示语提示写单词

1．The meat was declared unfit for human ________ (食用)．

2．The demonstrators were ________ (数量上超过) by the police.

3．Her investment had disastrous ________ (后果)．

4．The ________(趋势) of prices is still upwards.

5．The weather was bad and the food dreadful. ________(总而言之) the holiday was very disappointing.

6．A small piece of cake will be ________(充足的)．

答案：1.consumption 2.outnumbered 3.consequence 4.trend 5.Altogether 6.ample Ⅱ.用方框中词组的正确形式填空

compare...with，take a risk，make one's way，make an effort，vary from...to...，glance through，find out，make up，refer to， pick up 1．As a conscientious parent, she always ______________ her daughter's homework and signed it.

2．How does your new house ____________ your old one?

3．The weather ________________ hour ________ hour in some mountainous areas.

4．The teacher asked the children to ________________ a poem about Christmas.

5．She ________________ strenuous ________ to force her mind to other questions.

6．Still I don't want to ________ any ________.

7．She ________________ the little book and gave it to him.

8．I had forgotten the date of the battle so I ____________ a history book.

9．In the evening the Gadfly ________________________ to the appointed meeting-place.

10．We must ________________ the truth of the matter.

答案：1.glanced through “匆匆看一遍” https://www.sodocs.net/doc/c516930699.html,pare with “和……相比” 3.varies from; to “由……到……情况不一样” 4.make up “创造；编造” 5.made a; effort “(做出)努力” 6.take; risks “冒危险”7.picked up “拾起；拿起”8.referred to “查阅；参阅”

9.made his way “前往(某处)”10.find out “了解；弄清楚”

Ⅲ.单项填空

1．________，China is developing very rapidly. Which is wrong?

A．In all B．In short

C．For short D．In brief

答案：C句意：总之，中国正在飞速发展。in all/short/brief“总之，表总结”，for short“简称，略写”。

2．The host ________us with fresh fruit and cookies.

A．treated B．entertained

C．welcomed D．praised

答案：B句意：主人用新鲜水果和小甜饼款待我们。entertain sb. with sth.意思是“用……款待某人”，treat用于treat sb. to sth.结构；welcome一般用于welcome sb. to sp.结构；praise意思是“赞扬”，不合语境。故B项最佳。

3．He had a habit of making humorous________.

A．remarks B．marks

C．sparks D．remarkably

答案：A句意：他有说话幽默的习惯。make remarks“发表评论，发表看法”。mark“痕迹；污点”；spark“火花；火星”；remarkably“引人注目的；明显的”。

4．Tom was consumed________guilt.

A．to B．for

C．as D．with

答案：D句意：汤姆心中充满负罪感。be consumed with“心中充满……”。

5．Time and time again she was warned of the ________of her actions.

A．effects B．results

C．importance D．consequences

答案：D人们一次又一次地警告她行为的后果。consequences“结果，后果”，常指不好的结果，常用复数形式。effect“效果，作用，影响”；result“结果”。由题意知应选D。

6．Our country is abundant________natural resources.

A．to B．of

C．with D．in

答案：D句意：我们国家自然资源十分丰富。be abundant in“在……丰盛/富”。

7．The coming of the railways in the 1830s________our social and economic life.

A．transformed B．transported

C．transferred D．transmitted

答案：A句意：19世纪30年代铁路的到来改变了我们的社会和经济生活。transform“改变”；transport“运输”；transfer“转移；迁移”；transmit“传送；传达”。

8．They are trying their best to find out________.

A．who set fire on the houses

B．who set a fire to the houses

C．who set the houses in fire

D．who set fire to the houses

答案：D句意：他们在尽最大努力查出到底是谁放火烧的房子。set fire to the houses ＝set the houses on fire。

9．They often________their friends at weekends and they always have a good time.

A．envy B．interest

C．entertain D．encourage

答案：C句意：他们常在周末招待朋友，而且总是过得很愉快。entertain“款待，招待”，符合句意。interest“使……感兴趣”；envy“嫉妒”；encourage“鼓励”。

10．________the theory, a new machine was invented.

A．Basing B．Based on

C．To base D．Being based

答案：B句意：依据这个理论，一种新机器发明出来了。based...是过去分词充当状语，与主句的主语在逻辑上构成被动关系，符合语法要求。

Ⅳ.完成句子

1．They are talking over a plan ________________ (高声地)．

2．The person who ________________(放火烧学校) was sentenced to life imprisonment.

3．If there's something ________________(我想要的), is it OK to ask for it?

4．________________(说完了此事), let us return to our subject.

5．The party ________ (明天我们即将举行的) is very important.

答案：1.at the top of their voice 2.set fire to the school 3.that I want 4.This having been said 5.we are going to hold tomorrow

Ⅴ.句型转换

1．He got up early in order to catch the first bus.

He got up early ________________ he could catch the first bus.

2．I like to go to Beijing, but I don't like to go to Qingdao.

I would go to Beijing ________________ go to Qingdao.

3．We found the lesson was difficult to understand.

We found the lesson ________________________.

4．When we should hold the meeting is still to be discussed.

When __________________ the meeting is still to be discussed.

5．The progress which will be made soon is of great importance.

The progress ________________________ soon is of great importance.

答案：1.so that 2.rather than 3.difficult to understand 4.to hold 5.to be made

Ⅵ.阅读理解(2009·湖南)

People diet to look more attractive. Fish diet to avoid being beaten up, thrown out of their social group, and getting eaten as a result. That is the fascinating conclusion of the latest research into fish behavior by a team of Australian scientists.

The research team have discovered that subordinate fish voluntarily diet to avoid challenging their larger competitors. “In studying gobies we noticed that only the largest two individuals, a male and female, had breeding (繁殖) rights within the group，” explains Marian Wong. “All other group members are nonbreeding females, each being 5-10% smaller than its next largest competitor. We wanted to find out how they maintain this precise size separation.”

The reason for the size difference was easy to see. Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. More often than not, the_evicted_fish is then eaten up.

It appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish. Whether they did so voluntarily, by restraining how much they ate, was not clear. The research team decided to do an experiment. They tried to fatten up some of the subordinate gobies to see what happened. To their surprise, the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered, clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights, over having a feast.

The discovery challenges the traditional scientific view of how boss indiv iduals keep their position in a group. Previously it was thought that large individuals simply used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for themselves, so keeping their competitors small.

While the habits of gobies may seem a little mysterious, Dr. Wong explains that understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to understanding how hierarchical (等级的) societies remain stable.

The research has proved the fact that voluntary dieting is a habit far from exclusive to humans. “As yet, we lack a complete understanding of how widespread the voluntary reduction of food intake is in nature，” the researchers comment. “Data on human dieting suggests that, while humans generally diet to improve health or increase attractiveness, rarely does it improve long-term health and males regularly prefer females that are fatter than the females' own ideal.”

1．When a goby grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it ________.

A．faces danger

B．has breeding rights

C．eats its competitor

D．leaves the group itself

答案：A细节判断题。文章第三段指出：当稍小一些的鱼一旦长到它竞争者体积的5～10%时，将引发战争。结果大多是小一点的刺鳍鱼被逐出群体，最终被吞食掉。

2．The underlined words “the evicted fish” in Paragraph 3 refer to ________.

A．the fish beaten up

B．the fish found out

C．the fish fattened up

D．the fish driven away

答案：D词义猜测题。紧承前一句．..which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group可知the evicted fish指的是被逐出群体的挑战失败者。

3．The experiment showed that the smaller fish ________.

A．fought over a feast

B．went on diet willingly

C．preferred some extra food

D．challenged the boss fish

答案：B推理判断题。文章第四段结尾the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered, clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights, over having a feast说明刺鳍鱼的节食是自愿的。而第六段更指出小一点儿的刺鳍鱼节食对于维护鱼类社会稳定的重要性。

4．What is the text mainly about?

A．Fish dieting and human dieting.

B．Dieting and health.

C．Human dieting.

D．Fish dieting.

答案：D主旨归纳题。文章主要论述了刺鳍鱼节食的问题。指出这一行为是它自愿的，一种目的在于维护它们的整体稳定的行为。

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