必修1-Unit 4

必修一Unit 4Earthquakes

[随堂训练]

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．It had gotten very cold, and I guessed the good weather was an end.

2．With time going on, the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely in (ruin)．

3．In the past ten years a number of high buildings (arise) where there was nothing but ruins.

4．Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as if he (do) something very clever.

5．On seeing the champions of the 2016 Olympic Games appear on the stage, the audience burst out (cheer)．

6．The storyteller was telling us a story in a vivid way as if he (experience) it himself.

7．After very careful consideration, I decided to take a risk based on my own (judge)．

8．On arriving there, we expressed our (congratulate) to him on his success.

9．(trap) in the ruins, the girl still wore a smile, waiting to be rescued.

10．My daughter, job requires her to do a lot of travelling, is always away from home a lot.

答案 1.at 2.ruins 3.have arisen 4.had done 5.cheering 6.had experienced 7.judgement8.congratulations9.Trapped10.whose

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．Judged from what he said just now, he must be an honest man.

2．Following the girl, we went into a hall, on which walls hung a few pictures of some famous scientists.

3．The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, buried her head in the novel.

4．As China develops fast and steady, a number of foreigners is learning Chinese as a second language.

5．The hurricane came to end at midnight, having caused great damage to the crops of

our town.

答案 1.Judged→Judging 2.which→whose 3.buried→burying 4.is→are 5.在end 前加an

[对接高考]

Ⅰ.教材语法填空

根据教材课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Strange things happened in Tangshan.For a few days, water in the wells 1. (rise) and fell.The well walls had cracks and a 2. (smell) gas came out of the cracks.Mice, chickens, pigs and even fish became too nervous to live 3. usual.At 3：42 a．m., everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world was at 4. end.One-third of the nation felt it.A huge crack cut across the city.The city lay in 5. (ruin)．Two-thirds of the people died or 6. (injury)．Then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan, 7. trapped many rescue workers and doctors.People began 8. (wonder) how long the disaster would last.But all hope was not lost.Soldiers came to help those 9. (survive).10. (slow), the city began to breathe again.

答案 1.rose 2.smelly 3.as 4.an 5.ruins 6.were injured7.which8.to wonder 9.survivors10.Slowly

Ⅱ.教材短文改错

根据课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

Dear student，

Congratulations！We are pleased to telling you that you have win the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan.Your speech was heard by the group of five judges, all of who agreed that it was the best one this year.Your parents and your school should be proud you！Our office would like to have you speaking in the new park, which will honor those that were died in the terrible disaster.What you know, this is the day when the quake happened thirty years before.We invite you to bring your family and friends on that specially day.

答案 1.第二句中telling→tell 2.第二句中win→won 3.第三句中第一个the→a 4.第三句中who→whom 5.第四句中you前加of 6.第五句中speaking→speak7.第五句中were去掉8.第六句中What→As9.第六句中before→ago

10．第七句中specially→special

Ⅲ.教材话题写作

根据提示运用本模块所学知识完成下面的作文，并背诵成文。

1．一天夜里这座城市突然发生了强烈地震，全国震惊。(strike；be shocked at)

2．几秒钟之内，整个城镇成为一片废墟。(in ruins)

3．好像世界到了末日。(at an end)

4．大量房屋倒塌，水、电被切断，数千人被困在废墟下，放眼望去，几乎一切都被毁了。(a large number of；cut off；be trapped)

5．我真心地希望该城市在全国人民的帮助下尽快恢复正常。(with the help of；return to normal)

答案One night, a powerful earthquake suddenly struck the city.The whole nation was shocked at the news.In a few seconds, the whole town was in ruins.It seemed as if the world was at an end.A large number of houses fell.Water and electricity were cut off.Thousands of people were trapped under the ruins! In a word, everywhere I looked, nearly everything was destroyed.

I sincerely hope the city will return to normal with the help of all the national people as soon as possible!

[课下作业]

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2017·衡阳联考)Desert conditions vary according to their locations, but there is one common feature among all：deserts are dry lands.Many people think that deserts are uninhabitable, but they are home to 1 billion people, according to “National Geographic”．Many plants and animals have adapted to survive in the harsh conditions.

Deserts are commonly thought of as extremely hot places, but that isn’t true of them all.The Gobi desert in Mongolia is hot during summer, but in winter, it’s one of the coldest deserts in the world.On the other hand, the African Sahara desert is extremely hot and can reach temperatures of 122 degrees Fahrenheit.Deserts are at their hottest during the day, and many animals only come out during the cooler nights.

The most common desert weather is sun and a clear sky.Sporadic(偶尔发生的) rain storms occur in some deserts, and they can cause floods that sweep through the landscape.In colder deserts, snow is common in winter and at night.

Deserts are dry places.They frequently lose water because it evaporates(蒸发) too quickly in the heat.To be classified as a desert, they have to receive less than 10 inches of rain per year.Some plants have adapted to these dry conditions by growing long roots to reach the water that is stored deep down below the surface.Some people who live in the desert have dug wells and connected underground streams to direct the vital water to their villages.

Sand and rocks form the terrain(地貌) of most deserts.Snow can fall in the coldest ones,

and during winter the ground can frost over.Sand dunes(沙丘) are often associated with deserts, but these are only found in 10 percent of them.More common features are mountains and large rocks.

[解题导语]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了沙漠的气候特点、地貌特征、水源状况以及当地居民怎样应对和适应沙漠的这些特征。

1．The underlined word “harsh”in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “”．

A．good B．normal C．severe D．stable

解析词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“deserts are dry lands.Many people think that deserts are uninhabitable”可知，沙漠是干旱地域，很多人认为没法居住，由此可推断沙漠的条件极其恶劣。

答案 C

2．According to Paragraph 2, we can know that .

A．all the deserts are extremely hot

B．the Sahara desert is the hottest one in the world

C．all the animals in the deserts only come out in the night

D．the weather of the Gobi desert varies a lot as the season changes

解析推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“The Gobi desert in Mongolia is hot during summer, but in winter, it’s one of the coldest deserts in the world.”可知，戈壁滩的天气随着季节不同，变化很大。

答案 D

3．What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 4?

A．The plants in deserts.

B．The water condition in deserts.

C．The villages’ scenes in deserts.

D．The quality of the rain in deserts.

解析段落大意题。本段主要讲述了沙漠里水分蒸发快，那里的植物和居民怎样解决这一问题，旨在告诉我们沙漠里的水源状况。

答案 B

4．Which of the following can we infer from the text?

A．Floods occur occasionally in some deserts.

B．There are one million people living on deserts.

C．It seldom snows in the winter of colder deserts.

D．Few deserts are formed by mountains and rocks.

解析推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Sporadic(偶尔发生的) rain storms occur in some deserts, and they can cause floods that sweep through the landscape.”可知，沙漠里偶尔会有暴风雨，形成洪水。

答案 A

B

TOKYO，Japan－An earthquake measuring 8.0 hit the northern Japanese island of Hokkaido early Friday.The quake was the strongest anywhere in the world this year.Several million people live on the island.Japan’s national broadcasting agency，NHK，reported 236 people had been hurt，but no deaths had been reported.Tsunami waves measuring about 3 feet (1 meter) began hitting the eastern coast of Japan’s northernmost island，and officials warned all residents in the region to seek higher ground.A fire broke out at oil refinery on the island after the earthquake，and television stations reported a train derailment and a landslide near a highway tunnel.The U．S.Geological Survey measured the quake at 8.0 but authorities in Japan initially gave it a magnitude of 7.8.The USGS said the temblor was located 33 kilometers (20 miles) under the Earth’s crust，about 796 miles north/northwest of Tokyo，and began at 4∶50 a．m.local time (1950 GMT)．The second quake occurred at 6∶08 a．m.(2108 GMT)．

On average，there is one magnitude-8，or greater，quake a year in the world.The amount of energy released in a magnitude-8 earthquake is equivalent to that contained in 1.01 billion tons of TNT，according to the USGS.A tsunami watch has been issued for the U．S.state of Hawaii.“Based on all available data，a tsunami may have been generated by this earthquake that could be destructive on coastal areas even far from the epicenter，”said the announcement from the National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program.Only six days ago a 5.5-magnitude quake shook Japan.The September 20 earthquake was centered nearly 870 kilometers (540 miles) south-southeast of Tokyo，near Japan’s Bonin Islands，a remote volcanic island group in the Pacific Ocean.Earlier this month，Japan marked the 80th anniversary of a magnitude 8.3 quake that devastated Tokyo and neighboring Yokohama，killing at least 140,000 people.In January 1995，a magnitude 7.2 temblor in Kobe killed more than 6,000 people.

[解题导语]本文报道了2003年9月发生在日本北海道的大地震。

5．An 8.0-magnitude earthquake happened in Japan .

A．in January 1995

B．on September 20,2003

C．on September 26,2003

D．in September,1923

解析细节理解题。根据“Only six days ago a 5.5-magnitude quake shock Japan.The September 20 earthquake was centered nearly 870 kilometers (540 miles) south-southeast of Tokyo.”我们可以推算，这次日本北海道大地震发生在2003年9月26日。

答案 C

6．What is NOT the result of this earthquake?

A．236 people were hurt.

B．A fire broke out at oil refinery on the island.

C．A train was out of track.

D．Two people died.

解析细节归纳题。这次地震造成的后果有：“236 people had been hurt；A fire broke out at oil refinery；a train derailment and a landslide near a highway tunnel”等，而D项则与事实不符。

答案 D

7．What does tsunami mean in Chinese?

A．震中B．海啸C．火山D．余震

解析词义猜测题。根据后面对这种现象的描写：hitting the eastern coast可知tsunami 是“海啸”的意思，因为只有地震引起的海啸才能冲击海岸。

答案 B

8．We can infer that .

A．this might be the biggest earthquake in the world this year

B．this earthquake has no effect on the USA

C．Japan is a country where earthquakes frequently happen

D．the second quake occurred only half an hour after the first one

解析推理判断题。短文最后一段最后一个部分描述了日本发生的几次大的地震，据此我们可以得出结论：日本是一个地震多发国家。

答案 C

Ⅱ.完形填空

(2017·湖南四校联考)I’ve always had strong opinions of how love should be expressed, but others had their own ways of showing care.

What I remember most about visiting my 1 parents is the loud tick of the 2 in the dining room as we 3 ate our meal.With so little conversation I was quick to 4 his family as cold.When we got into the 5 to go home, his father suddenly appeared. 6 ，he began to wash the windscreen.I could feel he was a 7 man through the glass.

I 8 another lesson about love a few years later.I always return phone calls 9 and regularly contact with my friends.I 10 the same from them.But I had one friend who 11

called, answering my messages with short emails.I rushed to the 12 ：She wasn’t a good friend！My anger 13 as the holidays approached.But then she came to a gathering I hosted and 14 me a beautiful dress I had fallen in love with when we did some windowshopping the previous month.I was 15 at her thoughtfulness, and regretful for 16 I’d considered her to be uncaring.Clearly I needed to 17 my expectations of friends.

Far too often, I ignored their unique 18 ，eagerly expecting them to do things in my 19 .Over the years, however, I’ve learned to 20 other persons’ love signs.

[解题导语]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以前总是认为爱就要表达出来，而且希望别人与自己的表达方式一样。但通过两则事例，作者发现每个人都有自己独特的表达爱的方式。

1．A.own B．boyfriend’s

C．girlfriend’s D．father’s

解析由后文的“his family”可以推知，应是作者男朋友的(boyfriend’s)父母。

答案 B

2．A.clock B．table C．plates D．dishes

解析由前文“the loud tick”可以推知是钟表(clock)的巨大滴答声。

答案 A

3．A.excitedly B．nervously C．silently D．instantly

解析由下文的“With so little conversation”可知吃饭时的氛围很安静(silently)。

答案 C

4．A.regard B．treat C．get D．have

解析男朋友家里人在吃饭时几乎不说话，所以作者立即认为(regard)他的家人非常冷漠。

答案 A

5．A.bus B．train C．car D．plane

解析由后文“the windscreen”可以推知，此处指小汽车(car)。

答案 C

6．A.Punctually B．Carefully C．Proudly D．Coldly

解析句意：他仔仔细细地(carefully)擦洗挡风玻璃。

答案 B

7．A.cold B．caring C．tough D．strange

解析句意：通过擦玻璃，我能感觉到他是一个非常体贴的(caring)人。

答案 B

8．A.understood B．learned C．taught D．tried

解析句意：几年后，我又学了(learned)一堂关于爱的教育课。

答案 B

9．A.in order B．in turn

C．without delay D．without difficulty

解析句意：我总是立即(without delay)回电话，经常联系朋友，我希望(expect)他们也一样。

答案 C

10．A.intend B．consider C．expect D．ask

解析见上题解析。

答案 C

11．A.regularly B．rarely C．even D．still

解析句意：但是我有一个朋友她很少(rarely)给我打电话，用很短的邮件回复我的信息。

答案 B

12．A.faith B．suggestion C．judgement D．approval

解析根据空后的“She wasn’t a good friend！”可知作者判断她不是一个好的朋友。judgement“判断”，故选C项。

答案 C

13．A.remained B．failed C．grew D．quit

解析句意：随着假期的临近，我越来越生气。grow“增加”符合语境。

答案 C

14．A.handed B．bought C．helped D．offered

解析她来参加作者主办的一次聚会还递给(handed)作者上个月她们一起逛商店时作者看上的一条漂亮的连衣裙。

答案 A

15．A.depressed B．upset C．fascinated D．shocked

解析作者认为这个朋友不常和自己联系，所以不是好朋友。而她却送给作者一个意外的惊喜，所以作者肯定是非常惊讶的(shocked)。

答案 D

16．A.how B．what C．why D．whether

解析作者此时对自己之前是如何(how)认为朋友不是一个关心、体贴人的人而感到惭愧。

答案 A

17．A.make B．change C．appreciate D．draw

解析作者通过这件事，觉得自己需要改变(change)一下对朋友的期望。

答案 B

18．A.expectations B．experiences

C．adventures D．expressions

解析句意：我忽视了他们独特的表达方式(expressions)，迫切地希望他们按我的方式(way)去做。

答案 D

19．A.manners B．skill C．means D．way

解析见上题解析。

答案 D

20．A.send B．read C．give D．express

解析句意：然而，几年后，我学会了读懂(read)别人爱的讯号。

答案 B

Ⅲ.短文改错

A large number of students from all over the country studies in our beautiful new school.There has a big library in our school.We can take out all the different kind of books we like to read.I often borrowed novels from a library.There is also a beautiful garden in their school.I like to do most is enjoying the great view of it.Many kinds of flowers of different colors bloom in it, so lots of butterflies come or fly around them.Our classroom is next to in the garden.Have classes in such a beautiful environment, we feel very happy.

答案 A large number of students from all over the country studies

study

in our beautiful

new school.There has

is a big library in our school.We can take out all the different kind

kinds

of

books we like to read.I often borrowed

borrow novels from a

the

library.There is also a beautiful

garden in their

our school.∧

What

I like to do most is enjoying the great view of it.Many kinds of

flowers of different colors bloom in it, so lots of butterflies come or

and

fly around them.Our

classroom is next to in the garden.Have

Having

classes in such a beautiful environment, we feel very happy.

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