高考英语总复习一轮复习讲义 (2)

课时作业(七)必修②Unit 2The Olympic Games

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

[2019·河南质评] On a hot evening in September, the Highland High School team was pronouncing to win its first game of the season. “I was really excited，”said Highlanders linebacker Ryan Ferrini. “This was the game when it finally came together.”With several seconds left in the fourth quarter and the Tompkins High School team up

to seize a dramatic come-from-behind victory.

On the previous play, after the Highlanders had driven the ball deep into the Tompkins' territory (防守区), quarterback Will Gentry had connected with receiver Austin Brauweiler at the three-yard line. As Brauweiler turned upfield, a Tompkins' defender delivered a hit, knocking them both to the ground at the one-yard line.

“There was a huge force, as if a truck had hit me，”said Brauweiler, who suffered from the collision (撞击). But it was the Tompkins' player who got the worst of it. He lay still on the ground and a doctor had been called. That's when the Tompkins' coach walked across the field and told Highlanders' coach Colschen that his players were too upset to finish the game and they would lose the game.

“In life, the well-being of others is what's important, not the scoreboard，” said Colschen. He gathered his Highlanders and told them it was time to support their grieving (悲伤的) competitors. They agreed.

After the injured player was airlifted to a hospital, the two teams took the field again. The Highland team's teammates took a knee and didn't start any action, only waiting for the game clock to strike zero. Game over.

“What my players did was amazing，”said Colschen. “I was surprised and encouraged that they were thinking not about themselves but about others.”

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在一场比赛中发生了双方队员相撞事件后，其中一方的队员为了尊重对方队员将最后的比赛时间耗尽的故事。

1．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?

A．The match was coming to an end.

B．The match would end the football season.

C．The Highlanders is a difficult team to beat.

D．The Tompkins was confident of victory in the final.

答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“With several seconds left in the fourth quarter and the Tompkins High School team up ”可知，比赛快要结束了，故选A。

2．Who was most injured in the collision?

A．A Highlanders' player.

B．A Tompkins' defender.

C．Austin Brauweiler.

D．Will Gentry.

答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“a Tompkins' defender delivered a hit, knocking them both to the ground at the one-yard line”以及第三段中的“it was the Tompkins' player who got the worst of it”可知，是Tompkins的防守队员受伤最为严重，故选B。

3．Why did the Highlanders take no action until the end of the game?

A．Because they had already won it.

B．Because one of their players got injured.

C．Because they were given an unfair judgment.

D．Because they cared and respected their competitors.

答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第四段、第五段的内容以及最后一段中的“I was surprised and encouraged that they were thinking not about themselves but about others”可知，在相撞事件发生后，Highlanders的队员们认为在比赛中身体健康才是最为重要的，所以Highlanders的队员们在比赛结束前任凭时间一分一秒过去而不采取任何行动，这也是为了安慰因队友受伤而伤心的对方队员们，表示对对手的尊重。故选D。

4．What message is conveyed in the passage?

A．More haste, less speed.

B．All men cannot be first.

C．Better to be safe than sorry.

D．Friendship first, competition second.

答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“The

Highland team's teammates took a knee and didn't start any action, only waiting for the game clock to strike zero”和最后一段中的“they were thinking not about themselves but about others”可以看出，在双方的竞争中，Highland高中的队员们没有一味地为了追求成功而不顾对方的感受，相反，他们把对对手的尊重置于个人的荣誉之上，这传达出的正是“友谊第一，比赛第二”的精神，故选D。A项意为“欲速则不达”；B项意为“不可能人人得第一名”；C项意为“安全胜过遗憾”。

B

[2019·福州练习] If your friends are happy, it turns out you're more likely to be happy too. If your friends are overweight, that too ups the chances you'll gain weight. Those effects have been shown in studies. And now researchers have identified another seemingly contagious quality: exercise.

The researchers analyzed the running activity of more than a million people worldwide who used an exercise tracking device (装置) for five years. And they used weather patterns as a way to randomly examine different parts of that global network.

“Cities have different weather patterns，”Sinan Aral, a computational social scientist at MIT says. This experiment allowed them to ask: Does a rainy day in New York affect running in San Diego? If the weather in New York causes changes in the running behavior in San Diego, it can really only be happening through the influences of the friends who live between New York and San Diego.

And that is exactly what he and his colleague saw: that the behavior of one city's runners could indeed affect the behavior of runners in another socially connected city. Women tended to be influenced more by the female runners in their networks. And less active runners tended to influence more active runners to run more, but not so much the other way around.

Still, this could be valuable for health professionals. “We have to start thinking of consumers and citizens as networked consumers and citizens. Where they are influenced by and influence their social network in very strong ways, that will change the way a particular intervention (干涉) succeeds or fails.”

In other words, if your prescription is more exercise, the doctors might want to write a prescription for your friends and family, too.

体裁：说明文题材：调查研究主题：锻炼也会传染

【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了锻炼也会传染。

【熟词生义】up常用义：ad v.向上地本句义：v t.提高，增加【难句分析】If the weather in New York causes changes in the running behavior in San Diego, it can really only be happening through the influences of the friends who live between New York and San Diego.

分析：这是一个复合句。If引导条件状语从句，主句中含有who 引导的定语从句，who指代先行词the friends，并在定语从句中作主语。

译文：如果纽约的天气造成圣地亚哥人的跑步行为改变，那么这种改变真的只能通过住在纽约和圣地亚哥之间的朋友的影响来实现。

5．Which does the underlined word “contagious” in Paragraph 1 mean?

A．Infectious.B．Excellent.

C．Beneficial. D．Different.

答案与解析：A考查词义猜测。根据画线词前的“If your friends are happy... you'll gain weight”可知，这些具有传染的特征。故画线词的词义是“传染性的”，故选A项。

6．What can we conclude from the experiment?

A．Weather changes people's feelings.

B．People's behavior affects each other.

C．Exercise has something to do with weather.

D．People's connection depends on distance.

答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“that the behavior of one city's runners could indeed affect the behavior of runners in another socially connected city”可推知，人们的行为是互相影响的，故选B项。

7．What does “this” in Paragraph 5 refer to?

A．Women are easier to be influenced by male runners.

B．People in the same city affect each other more.

C．Friends tend to influence each other in exercising.

D．A rainy day in one city affects running in another.

答案与解析：C考查代词指代。根据第四段的最后两句“Women tended to be influenced more by the female runners in their

networks. And less active runners tended to influence more active runners to run more, but not so much the other way around”并结合第五段内容可推知，this指代的是第四段最后两句的内容，即朋友在锻炼时往往是互相影响的，故选C项。

8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Think twice before running

B．More exercise benefits health

C．Weather patterns affect running behavior

D．Healthy behavior can spread like illness

答案与解析：D考查主旨大意。本篇文章开篇提到如果你的朋友快乐，那你也快乐的可能性很大；如果你的朋友体重超重，那你体重增加的概率也会上升，这些效应已经被研究证明。现在研究人员证实了另一个似乎具有传染性的东西：锻炼。故D项最适合作本文的标题。

Ⅱ.七选五

[2019·甘肃联考] Coming face-to-face with your inadequacies (缺点) can be painful, to say the least. __1__ It even makes you question yourself. Your knee-jerk reaction may be to get defensive or even dismiss the critique entirely. But handling negative feedback with grace will not only make you look gracious, but it could ultimately help you grow as a person. Here's how to do it.

1．Be objective about the criticism

Before you jump to conclusions and begin to challenge the other person's opinion, take a step back and look at it objectively.

Next time you get a bad review, don't immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you, but rather, take a moment to consider whether the criticism is at all accurate. __2__

2．Avoid unnecessary conflict

If you decide that the point is valid, it may be hard to take. In your discomfort, you may feel the urge to criticize the other person angrily and defend yourself. __3__

3．Be open to the idea of change

__4__ And it may be because of a concept called “cognitive dissonance”that can prevent us from changing even when that's what we need most.

4．Ask questions

If you're open to using the criticism as a springboard to improvement, you will likely need more information. __5__ Your emotions will be running high, and you may not be particularly receptive to extra information. However, when you feel ready, it could be worth revisiting the subject with the person who criticized you. Even if you don't agree with their advice, thank them and promise to consider it.

A．Most of us are pretty stubborn.

B．There is no doubt that change is necessary.

C．But it's best to avoid getting into an argument.

D．Being sensitive to criticism leads you nowhere.

E．It challenges the way you believe people see you.

F．Give yourself a chance to really take in the information and evaluate it.

G．The initial moment you hear it may not be the best time to ask for more details.

【语篇解读】听到别人对你的批评也许会很痛苦，但是如果优雅地处理这些问题，自己将变得更好。

1．答案与解析：E根据空后一句话可知，空处与下一句是递进关系，E项“这会挑战你认为别人看待你的方式”，所以E项符合语境。

2．答案与解析：F根据空前的“don't immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you, but rather, take a moment to consider whether the criticism is at all accurate”可知，空处应讲给自己一个机会真正吸收这些信息并对其进行评估。故F项符合语境。

3．答案与解析：C根据该段小标题“Avoid unnecessary conflict”可知，C项“但是最好避免陷入争吵”符合语境。

4．答案与解析：A根据空后的“And it may be because of a concept called ‘cognitive dissonance’that can prevent us from changing even when that's what we need most”及本段小标题可知，A 项“我们大部分人都很倔强”符合语境。

5．答案与解析：G根据空后的“Your emotions will be running high, and you may not be particularly receptive to extra information”并结合上文可知，空处应讲最开始听到批评时不适合问更多的细节，故

G项符合语境。

Ⅲ.语法填空

[2019·郑州预测] I lost my last debate in the recent National High School Academic Debate & Speech Tournament held in Shanghai. But instead of focusing on my __1__ (fail), I stopped to reflect on my experiences in the past few years __2__ a debater.

In general, preparing for new debate topics usually __3__ (include) brainstorming arguments, researching a resolution (解决), and doing debate practice. So if you spot a debating group, you might see us sitting together after school, or even all day at weekends, discussing arguments and researching evidence. You might also notice us arguing __4__ (fierce) anywhere we can.

Not only are they supportive, but my debate friends also have similar passions and interests to mine. As we discuss debate topics, my fellow debaters and I can talk about anything, from __5__ best way of rehabilitating (改造) criminals to the negative points of free immigration policies. However, our discussions are more than just a way __6__ (practice) our debating skills. In my mind, they help us to become calm and consider __7__ (win) and solving real problems as well.

To me, the debating community is a great place __8__ people help each other not only because they're interested in a higher cause, but because they care about how people from different __9__ (background) can lead better lives. I'm grateful to each of my debate friends and every single minute we got to spend together. Indeed, my high school life would be incomplete without them. So even though I __10__ (defeat) in my last debate, I'm still thankful for being part of my wonderful debate family.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者虽然在一次辩论赛中失败了，但停下来反思过去几年作为一名辩手的经历，作者依然觉得获益匪浅。

1．答案与解析：failure考查词性转换。根据空前的形容词性物主代词my可知，此处应用名词，故填fail的名词形式failure。

2．答案与解析：as考查介词。但“我”并没有把注意力集中到自己的失败上，而是停下来反思过去几年自己作为一名辩手的经历。根据句意可知此处用介词as，表示“作为”。

3．答案与解析：includes考查主谓一致。本句中主语为preparing

for new debate topics，是动名词短语，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

4．答案与解析：fiercely考查词性转换。你也有可能注意到在任何我们能辩论的地方我们都在激烈地论证。空处修饰arguing，应用副词。

5．答案与解析：the考查冠词。形容词的最高级前要用定冠词the，故此处应填the。

6．答案与解析：to practice考查非谓语动词。然而，我们的讨论不仅仅是练习我们辩论技巧的一种方法。此处to do形式作定语。

7．答案与解析：winning考查非谓语动词。在“我”看来，它们有助于我们变得镇静，也帮助我们考虑赢得辩论比赛和解决真正的问题。动词consider“考虑”后跟动词-ing形式作宾语。

8．答案与解析：where考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，先行词为place，故用where。

9．答案与解析：backgrounds考查名词单复数。因为他们关心的是来自不同背景的人如何能过上更好的生活。background作“出身，个人背景”讲时为可数名词，空前有different修饰，故此处应用其复数形式。

10．答案与解析：was defeated考查时态和语态。因此，尽管在上次的辩论中“我”被击败了，但“我”仍然感谢自己是非常棒的辩论家族的一员。根据句意可知此处用被动语态，且此处描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。

高三英语第一轮复习计划

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