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2018成人高考高起点《英语》复习资料整理

2018成人高考高起点《英语》复习资料整理
2018成人高考高起点《英语》复习资料整理

2018成人高考高起点《英语》复习资

料整理

【篇一】

可数名词与不可数名词

名词分可数与不可数两种。

可数名词表示某类人或东西中的个体。如table ,country 。或表示若干个体组成的集合体。如family ,people ,committee ,police 。

不可数名词表示无法分为个体的实物。如air ,tea ,furniture ,water 。

或表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念。如work,information ,

advice ,happiness 。

有些名词在一种场合下是可数名词,在另一种场合下是不可数名词。

如room 房间(可数),空间(不可数)

time 时间(不可数),次数(可数)

fish 鱼(不可数),各种各样的鱼(可数)

比较下列例句:

There are nine rooms in the house. (房间,可数名词)

There isnt enough room for us three in the car . (空间,不可数名词)

不可数名词的数量可以通过在其前面加单位词来表示。

如:一块肉 a piece of meat

两条长面包two loaves of bread

三件家具three articles of furniture

一大笔钱 a large sum of money

【篇二】

可数名词的复数形式

可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。名词复数的构成如下:

1. 一般情况下在名词后加-s 。如:girls ,books 。

★浊辅音、元音结尾,s发[z]

2. 以s, x , ch , sh 结尾的词在名词后力卩-es。如:glasses , boxes , matches,bushes 。

★以s, x , ch , sh 结尾,es 发[iz]

3. 辅音字母+y”结尾的词,变y为i再加-es。如:city-cities , country-countries 。

4. 以o 结尾的词多数力卩-es。如:heroes,tomatoes,potatoes 。

radios ,zoos ,photos ,pianos ,kilos 例外。

5. f,fe 结尾的词,多数变f,fe为v再加-es。如:thief-thieves ,leaf-leaves ,half-halves ,life-lives ,wife-wives ,knife-knives 。

少数名词有不规则的复数形式。如:man-men,woman-wome,n foot

feet ,tooth-teeth ,child-children ,mouse-mice。

★可数名词复数一般情况下考不规则复数形式。

个别名词的单数和复数的形式是一样的。如Chineses ,Japanese,sheep,deer 。

【篇三】

名词的所有格

名词的所有格表示所属关系,起形容词的作用。

当名词表示有生命的东西时,所有格一般是在词尾加s

如:Jeans room,my daughter-in-laws friends ,my daughters-in- laws friends ,childrens books 。

如果名词已经有了复数词尾s ,则只需加。如:the teachers books ,my parents car 。

时间名词的所有格在后面加s ,复数加。如:todays newspaper ,five minutes walk 。

当名词表示无生命的东西时,所有格常由“ of ”短语构成。

如:the top of the world , the cover of the book , Chinas capital 。

加s 或的名词所有格可以表示店铺或某人的家。

如:the grocers ,the tailors ,the Smiths 。

★名词所有格考试常见部分是

名词表示没有生命的东西时,不能直接在其后加s。

时间名词所有格在其后加s,或复数名词后直接加。

【篇四】

名词在句子中的作用:名词在句子中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语,有时可以作状语。

名词、代词或其他结构作主语时,谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。

1. 主语是可数名词单数时,谓语动词用单数形式; 主语是复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。

All roads lead to Rome 。(条条大路通罗马。)

His brother is an industrial engineer 。

The number of the students attending the party is increasing 。

★the number of 表示数量,无论后面名词是复数还是单数,谓语动词是单数形式。

Two-thirds of the shop belongs to me

★two-thirds 三分之

几分之几作主语,谓语是单数形式。

belong to 属于某人

Both of us are studying English 。

★总结:在名词作主语时,the number of 谓语动词单数形式; 几分之几,谓语单数形式;

both 谓语使用复数形式。

2、主语是不可数名词、不定式或动名词词组、从句时,谓语动词用单数形式。

All the money he received was given to his mother 。

Forgetting the past means betrayal 。

What we are talking now is useless 。

3. 主语部分若有as well as ,with ,together with ,like ,but ,except 等短语,谓语动词的单、复数与短语前面的名词一致。

Mary,as well as her two sisters ,is a student of this school 。

(as well as her two sisters 作主语Mary 的主语补足语,主语Mary 是单数,所以谓语动词用复数形式)

No one except my friends knows anything about it 。

4. 表示时间、距离、重量、价值等的复数名词作主语时,如果当作整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式。“…+(X )…二…”算式中的谓语动词也用单数形式。

Three times two is six 。

Three kilometers is 3 ,ooo metres. (three kilometers 作为整体来看)

5. Either ,neither 作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

Neither of us has been to Italy 。

Has either of them been to Shanghai?

none代表可数的人或东西时,谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数,代表不可数的东西时,谓语动词用单数形式。

None of the students have/has seen the film 。

None of the money belongs to me 。

6. 主语由either …or, neither …nor, not only …but also 连接时,谓语形式由

最邻近的主语决定。

Not only you but also I am wrong 。

Neither my aunt nor I am going out this afternoon 。

Either you or she is to do the work 。

7. 主语中有and,如果表示单一概念,谓语动词用单数。

The bread and butter is nice 。

8. 主语前有many a,more than one 修饰时,谓语动词用单数形式。

Many a book has been read by the students 。

★many a book=many books

More than one person has been to the Great Wall 。

9. 集合名词作主语,当作整体看待时,谓语动词用单数形式,当作每个独立的个体看待时,谓语动词用复数。

The committee meets once a year. (作为整体)

The committee are having a meeting now. (作为独立个体)

People,police 作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

The police have come to arrest him 。

【篇五】

不定冠词的基本用法

1. 表示“一”的含义。

We go shopping twice a week o

2. 泛指某个人或东西。

Yesterday we visited an English secondary school 。

She picked up a magazine and began to read 。

3. 表示一类人或东西。

He works as a language teacher in that university 。

As a writer ,he is successful 。

Even a child can answer this question 。

可数名词单数出现,泛指用不定冠词,特指用定冠词。一个可数名词的单数不能自己单独出现

【篇六】

定冠词的基本用法

1. 表示特定的人或东西。

Give me the magazine 。

Have you decided on the prices yet?

The book on the table is an English dictionary 。

Beijing is the capital of China 。

2. 复述前文提到的人或东西。

Last week ,I saw a flim. The film is about a love story between two middle-aged people 。

The old man saw a house in the field. He went into the house and found a beautiful girl sitting there and singing 。

3. 用于形容词前面,代表一类人或东西。

the poor 穷人the rich 富人the wounded 受伤的人

the sick 生病的人the beautiful 美丽的事物the old 老年人

the young 年青人

4. 用于表示世界上独一无二的东西的名词前面。

the moon ,the sun ,the earth

The moon moves aroud the earth 。

We have friends all over the world 。

Dont build castles in the air 。

5. 用于序数词、方位名词、形容词与副词的级前面,副词级前面的the 可以省略。

January is the first month of the year 。

The sun rises in the east 。

Japan lies to the east of China 。

Beijing lies in the north of China 。

Ireland lies on the Great Britain 。

At the Childrens Palace ,some children learn to play the piano ,others learn to play the violin 。

Last week we went to the theatre 。

Among the three girls she speaks English the best “东、南、西、北”作副词时,前面不加冠词。We are walking south 。形容词级前若有物主代词,就不加定冠词。Monday is my busiest day 。

6. 用于姓氏的复数形式前,表示一家人或夫妇俩。The Lius have moved to

Guangzhou 。

The Simths came to China for visit in 1996.

7. 不可数名词前面通常不加定冠词,但若有限制性定语修饰,或表示特定部分、特定内容时,前面需加定冠词。

Drink some water 。

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