Unit11 Text1 Kids and computer digital danger

Unit 11 TEXTⅠ

Kids and Computer: Digital Danger

Pre-reading questions

1.How do you amuse yourself out of class

2.With regard to the controversy about video games, what’s your opinion? Are

they helpful or harmful in your life?

1

There’s familiar saying, “play is children’s work.”Through play .people who study child development tell us, children develop the skills and outlooks that determine the adult they will become .Playing house or school, for example, helps them“try on”the roles of Mom or Dad or teacher. Athletic activities helps kids develop coordination,learn to work as part of a group ,and gain confidence and a sense of fair play .Even solitary activities like reading connect children with the wider world ,encouraging a sense of empathy with the greater human family.

2

But in very recent years, other forms of entertainment have had an enormous impact on growing children. For many kids, computer activities and video games now take up much—even most —of the time formerly devoted to more traditional forms of play .Entering adulthood now are the first Nintendo babies, a generation raised more on Virtual Boy and Mortal Kombat than baseball and Uncle Wiggly .How have they been affected by this change in the concept of “play”? Social scientists, parents, and talk show pundits will be debating the question for many years to come. But we can start drawing our own conclusions .As amusing and ingenious as electronic entertainment can be, children —and society they live in —are the losers when they rely on these forms of fun. Unlike traditional games and toys “wired” entertainment encourages kids to be unimaginative, socially immature, and crudely desensitized to the world around them.

3

Watch a child take a ball of play－Doh in her hand and begin to roll it experim entally. First it’s simple ball, then a snake might become a figure eight or a bracelet. She coils the bracelet on top of itself to create a pot back that she uses for a make－believe tea party .Next she smashes the pot back into a ball ,which may next morph into a snowman ,a horse’s hea d ,a bunny ,a sea serpent ,or a skyscraper .With nothing but her hands and an inexpensive chunk of flour and salt, she forms a universe in which she makes the rules and creates the inhabitants .When she tires of it , she can wad it back into a shapeless mass that awaits her next creative impulse. The act of playing with the Play－Doh sparks other interests—maybe she’ll work with

modeling clay that she can bake into a permanent form, or paints ,or papier－mache.Although she doesn’t give what she’s doing a great deal of thought, sh e’s learning something valuable: I can give my ideas tangible form.

4

A video game, on the other hand, is cynically programmed to give the illusion of creativity .The player is given various choices at every turn —Which door will I go through? Which weapon will I use? What clue shall I read? — But they are choices in the same sense that a pigeon’s pecking at a lever to get a grain of corn is a choice .The player is as much a tool of the game as the joystick. Her momentary fun is unsatisfying because it leads not to any genuine sense of achievement but only to the hypnotic experience of watching someone else’s creation unfold .Hand a ball of Play －Doh to a child reared on the sterile adventure of video games ,and you’re apt to get a blank look and the hesitant question ,“What do I do with it？”The video game pl ayer learns her own lesson :I don’t create .I let someone else’s creativity happen in front of me.

5

It’s beautiful Saturday in autumn, and a group of kids are playing a pickup game of soccer .A dispute arises about whether a kick went over the foul line. Some of the kids are sure it did ; others insist that it did not .V oices are raised ;tempers flare .Maybe a hothead or two will stalk off the field .But the sky is crystal blue ,and there are chores waiting at home. Making a quick calculation about the relative benefits of continuing the game, the players work out a solution .Maybe they reply the kick. Maybe they flip a coin .Maybe they agree to say that the ball was fair , or foul .their willingness to compromise ,to accept to such give－and－take is part of life ,allows the game to proceed .The players move on, having learned small lesson about getting along with others.

6

Contrast that scene with the world of the Internet chat rooms, where many adolescents spend uncountable hours .On that same lovely Saturday, a young Internet queen hunches over her keyboard ,alone in her room .Her buddy list includes dozens, even scoers , of “friends” she’s never met .Her fing ers fly across the keyboard as she peculiar conversations, however, including none of the vulnerability that is part of real －world friendship .In the buddy－chat world ,status is based on the ability to keep up a rapid pace of one－liners, insulting zingers caustic put－downs. The chat queen’s most intimate friendship take the form of brief alliances with buddies who join with her to “flam” another chatter who has displeased them .If that ally eventually becomes annoying, too, zap! She can instantaneously erase him from her buddy list ,or even block him so he is unable to contact her again .It’s no grea t loss .There are literally millions of new acquaintances waiting to be picked up in a chat room to fill that void.The lesson :I shoul dn’t have to work at relationships. They come and go instantly and at my convenience .If someone displease me, I can make person

disappear.

7

When kids sit down to play Monopoly, they form a loosely knit group that is sill part of the world around it .When company arrives at the house , it’s no problem to halt the game briefly .The players can greet visitors, laugh together ,talk about the game ,even quickly rearrange it to include new players. Even after the game continues ,chatting with other players and non－players is easily accomplished .Despite their involvement in the game, the players are not ruled by it .Human contact, courtesy, and communication are not seen as threats to their enjoyment. They are learning that they can enjoy their own activities and still be sensitive to the larger world around them.

8

Contrast this board game scene with one that has become depressingly familiar in many living rooms. Visitors arrive at a home to find a child hunched in front of the TV set, video controls in his lap. Even when spoken to directly, he does not pull his eyes from the screen. “I’m playing!” is his furious response if the visitor persist in trying to engage his attention. Far too often ,even his parents, intimidated by the high －priced ,high－tech gadget that has sucked their child’s humanity away ,tiptoe around rather than disturb him. The game itself is all too likely to be one that presents the most hideous suffering as entertainment, with the player in the role of the psychotic killer－maybe in Duke Nukem, with its “twenty－three levels of nonstop carnage!”or Bloody Roar, which offers the player“more ways to main, crush, and devour your enemies than ever.”

The lesson?

Isn’t it too awful to think about?

1,215 words

GLOSSARY

Digital coil

try on make-believe

coordination morph

fair play bunny

ingenious serpent

crudely inhabitant

desensitize tire

wad score

clay vulnerability

papier—mache one-liner

tangible zinger

cynically caustic

clue put-down

peck alliance

joystick flame

momentary zap

hypnotic instantaneously

rear literally

sterile void

hesitant courtesy

pickup intimidate

foul line gadget

temper suck

stalk tiptoe

crystal all too

chores hideous

flip psychotic

give—and—take carnage

buddy maim

Rotes

1.Nintendo babies (paragraph2)children who grew up during a period

when video games developed by Nintendo Co.Ltd(任天堂公司)，a leading manufacturer of home video games and portable video games ,were very popular

2.Virtual Boy and Mortal Kombat(paragraph2)Virtual Boy is Nitendo’

unique 3_D gaming system and was released in fall,1995;Mortal Kombat is

a series of Nintendo’s fighting games .

3.Uncle Wiggy (paragraph2)a series of popular children’s stories

themed around a kindly .elderly ,rabbit gentlemen ,Uncle Wiggy

Longears ,which were first written in 1910 by Howard R.Garris who wrote a

new adventure every day for 50 years

4.Play Doh (paragraph3)a trademark for a sort colored modeling

material used especially by children

5.Figure eight(paragraph3)an outline of the number eight formed with

two loops and one continuous line

6.…But they are choices in the same that a pigeon’s pecking at a lever

to get a grain of grain of corn is a choice (paragraph4)…but these choices

are not different from the choices that a pigeon makes ,if ever they are

called“choices”，as to whether it should peck at a lever device in order to

obtain a grain of corn

7.Monopoly(paragraph7)a trademark for a real－estate trading board

game

8.The game itself is all too likely to be one that presents the most

hideous suffering as entertainment, with the player in the role psychotic

killer－maybe in Duke Nukem, with it“twenty－three levels of nonstop

carnage!”or Bloody Roar, which offers the player“more ways to maim, crush,

and devour your enemies than ever.” (paragraph8)The video or computer

games which claim to provide entertainment for player themselves actually

play the role of abnormally cruel killers, in games like Duke Nukem, which

consists of as many as twenty－three levels of continuous mass killing

scenes, and Bloody Roar, which virtually teaches the players various ways

of being cruel to their fellow beings.

T ext comprehension

Ⅰ.Decide which of the following best states the author’s purpose .

A.To contrast video games with conventional games.

B.To present his view on the negative effect of video games.

C.To exhibit the positive effect of conventional games

D.To display how to develop kids’ intelligence.

Ⅱ.Judge, according to the text, whether the following states are true or false.

1 .Athletic activities help kids develop team spirit, gain confidence and a sense

of fair play.

2. Social scientists, parents, and critics will be debating for a long time how children have been affected by the change in the concept of play.

3. The author is in favor of neither video nor conventional games.

4. The fun a video game gives its player is only momentary and unsatisfying because it is derived from watching someone else’s creation rather than from his own achievement.

5. On Saturday , a young Internet queen hunches over her keyboard, alone in her room . Her buddy list includes dozens, even scores, of “friends” she’s met.

6. Kids are learning in video games that they can enjoy their own activities and still be sensitive to the larger world around them.

Ⅲ.Answer the following questions

1.What do children learn through playing house or school, athletic and

solitary activities according to experts in child development?

2.What does the author conclude from the change in the concept of

kids’ play?

3.What does the author contrast“Play－Doh” with? Why does he

make the contrast?

4.What is the point the author tries to make with the soccer game

dispute?

5.In what way does the author cite Internet chat room as a negative

example?

6.How does the author contrast the conventional game “Monopoly”

with the video game “Duke Nukem” or “Bloody Roar”?

Ⅳ.Explain in your own words the following sentence taken from the text.

1.Unlike traditional games and toys, “wird” entertainment encourages kids

to be unimaginative social immature ,and crudely desensitized to the world around them.

2.Hand a ball of Play—Doh to a child reared on the sterile adventure of

video games , and you’re apt to get a blank look.

3.Maybe a hothead or two will stalk off the field.

4.Despite their involvement in the game, the player are not ruled by it.

5.Far too often ,even his parents ,intimidated by the high－priced, high－

tech gadget that has sucked their child’s humanity away ,tiptoe around rather

disturb him.

W riting strategies The text is a good piece of persuasive writing, the aim of which is to persuade the reader into believing what the writer thinks is true or correct. It is

well－organize , falling neatly into three parts : the first 2 paragraph s the

introduction ,paragraph3 －8the body, and the last two short paragraphs the ending. The author’s belief concerning the impact of computer games on kids is explicitly stated in the introduction after comparing the traditional games and the new forms of entertainment. Can you identify the sentence that the author’s view?

The main method used in this persuasive essay is contrast .Apart from the contrast made between two general types of games in the introduction, the author further adheres to contrast as his major means of development in the body of essay. What contrast has he made here? And what conclusions has he reached after each contrast?

The way the author ends the essay deserves our special attention. Instead of re－stating his view at the end , as is often the case, the author uses two short and simple question. Do you think this an effective way to bring the essay to a close?

L anguage work

Ⅰ.Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words.

1.When she tires of it ,she can wad it back into a shapeless mass.

2.The player is as much a tool of the game as the joystick.

3.In the buddy－chat world ,status is based on the ability to keep

up a rapid pace of one－liners, insulting zingers, caustic put－downs.

4.I should’d have to work at relationships .They come and go

instantly and at my convenience.

5.Even when spoken to directly, he does not pull his eyes from the

screen.

6.Far too often, even his parents, intimidated by the high－priced,

high－tech gadget that has sucked their child’s human ity away, tiptoe around than disturb him.

Ⅱ.Fill the each blank with the one of the two words from each pair in their appropriate forms and note the difference of meaning between them.

SOLITARY LONELY

1.I would imagine she is quite ( ) living on her own

through the long summer nights.

2.It was ( ) work, involving long flights often at extreme

high altitudes in freezing cold, to keep above the service ceiling of enemy fighters.

3.Reading is a ( ) activity that enriches the mind.

4.Most of their time is spent in prayer, but twice a

day they would gather at a chapel in the central building.

CONTRAST COMPARE

1.The boy’s bedroom sharply with the guestroom in

terms of light.

2.I can only this experience of mine to that of falling in

love.

3.The flat was really very nice, but ( ) with what we

used to have, it was a terrible letdown.

4.There are in the room chairs and sofas of ( ) shapes

and colours.

MOMENTARY TEMPORARY

1.Your debt situation is only ( ),and it is within your

power to resolve it.

2.The ( ) pause of the speaker was immediately followed

by cheers and applause.

3.Under law, your employer has the power to hire

a( )worker to replace you.

4.He rejects the view that violent people act out

of( )passion; on the contrary , they consciously construct violent plans of action for long.

DEBATE ARGUE

1.They( )ferociously over who should pay the bill.

2.The House of Commons is to （）once again

whether to bring back the death penalty.

3.Bank officials ( ) that it is not their job to chase down

every asset of every bank debtor.

4.Articles poured in，( )the merits and demerits of the

three candidates.

Ⅲ. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase taken from the box, using its appropriate form.

Solitary intimidate furious coordination momentary pundit tangible illusion ingenious void cynically instantaneous

1.Town planning and land allocation has to be ( ).

2.She admits that her height is ( ) for some men.

3.Most young people in the West are expected to leave what could

be the life’s most( )decision－marriage－almost entirely up to

luck.

4.What decided him was a ( ) question:“If I fail, I’ll be no

worse off than I am now, will I?”

5.He was forced to romanticize the past as he became increasingly

( ) with his present.

6.The approach fails to take into consideration ( ) such as

pride of workmanship, loyalty and work habits.

7.The declaration was null and ( )as it was proclaimed in

completely illegal circumstances.

8.Abortion is an issue which has produced a lot of sound and

( ), but little reasoned argument.

Ⅳ.Make a sentence of your own for each of the given words with meaning other than those used in the text. You may change the part of speech of this words.

1. fair ( )

2. peck ( )

3. sterile ( )

4. ward( )

5. stalk( )

6. hunch( )

Ⅴ. Transform the following sentences, using existential there.

1.Some people will be looking forward to your success in the experiment.

2. A lawn extends from the house to the river.

3.Many accidents have occurred at the crossroad since the beginning of

this year.

4. A meeting is to be held about the planning of the university.

5. A large number of valuable jewels were stolen last week.

6.An important message is being decoded.

7.We have no objection to anyone borrowing books from this library.

8.They do not want anything unexpected to occur.

9.Any plant needs light and water.

10.A time will come when you will look back on this day with pride.

Ⅵ.Fill in each blank with a word with is appropriate for the context.

For years, it was predicted that libraries would become superfluous mausoleums for books－when so much was available online, Indeed, library visits now far exceed annual(1)______at sporting events, concerts, and museums combined. It turns out that the very electronic revolution that was (2)_____to make libraries obsolete has made them indispensable.“computers have attracted all kinds of people who had never been in libraries before(3)____want to research what camera to buy or just see what’s sale on E-Bay,” says Martin Mason ,who oversaw the five-year＄90 million renovation and expansion of the Cleveland Public Library,(4)___reopened with Internet ports every 5 feet ,a drive-up window for pickups and returns, and 30 miles of bookshelves.

Even as technology lightens some of the load , a recent convention of the American Library Association showed that it brings complications, too. Electronic books that can be downloaded on (5)____will offer relief for cramped stacks, but publishers have yet to decide (6)_____to charge libraries for the service.

And(7)_____more than 80% of libraries offer Internet access ,the debate over

(8)_____to install anti-pornography filters has yet to be settled , which gets at a very old-fashioned(9)____between the library’s roles as caretaker of books and server of the public .As Ginnie Cooper ,director of libraries for Mulnomah County, put it, “It’s more important to help people find what they want on the Net(10)____than decide what they can’t see.”

T ranslation

Ⅰ.Translate each of the following sentences into English, using the words or expressions given in the brackets.

1.总的来说，这个公司的前景显得相当美好。（outlook）

2.完全公正的社会只是一个空想。(Make-believe )

3.一天又一天做同样的形势的练习会让学生厌倦这些学习。（tire of ）

4.我已经安排好周四同他共进午餐，届时我将向他透露我的计划。

（unfold）

5.请填好所附表格，尽快寄往所示地址。（at one’s convenience）

6.美国总统竞选中最厉害的奚落语之一是“他绝不是杰克.肯尼迪。”

（put-down）

7.一位英国学者最近在《自然》杂志上撰文指出，人类的一切行为都

是为了让引起他人的注意。（engage one’s attention）

8.为了帮助他们的孩子获得社会竞争的信心，家长们经常在家庭游戏

比赛中故意输给孩子。（gain confidence）

Ⅱ.Translate the following into Chinese

A long, long time ago, people rose with the sun,and set with it. Nobody cared if it was sunny somewhere else. V oices did n’t carry across the p lanet. Time was a local concept: time to milk the cows ,time to get in the wheat and rice ,time to rest. Who knows when the changes began; all these have changed. Today, commerce and communication never cease but go around the clock. On cable TV news shows, event did not happen at such and such hour, but an hour or thirty minutes ago. Local time is no longer the meaning marker of events.

T opics for discussion

1.Do you agree with Alison Spe rry that “wired entertainment encourages

kids to be unimaginative, socially immature, and crudely desensitized to the world around them”? Support your view with reasons.

2.Which type of games do you like better, traditional games electronic

games? Give your reasons.

W riting practice In our daily life we make a lot of decisions, and, more often than not, most of our private and public decisions are made on the basis of comparison and contrast. Technically speaking, we compare things that are basically alike and contrast things that are very different, but these two terms often overlap. In making a contrast, we have to compare.

And we ought to be aware of a few points when writing something about comparison and contrast:

● Choose suitable bases for your comparison.

● Limit your writing to major for bases for comparison.

● Decide on the organization of your comparison.

● Use indicators to show comparison and contrast.

Here’s an example paragraph of comparison.

American history is full of parallels, but none as uncanny as those between our sixteenth and thirty-fifth presidents. Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the United States in 1860.John Fitzgerald Kennedy was elected President of the United States in 1960.Both presidents were directly involved in the issue civil rights. Each man was shot by an assassin on a Friday in the presence of his wife and crowed of people. Linco ln’s secretary, named kennedy advised him not to go to Dallas where the

attack occurred. Booth, Li ncoln’s assassin, was born in 1839. Oswald, Kennedy’s assassin, was born in 1930.Booth shot Lincoln in a theater and fled to a warehouse. Oswald shot Kennedy from a warehouse and fled to a theater. Both assassins were murdered before they could be tired. The bodies of Lincoln and Kennedy were carried in state on the same army caisson. Lincoln’s successor, named Johnson, was born in 1808 Kennedy’s successor, named Johnson, was born in 1908. Both were Southern Democrats who had served in the Senate. There are seven letters in Lincoln, seven also in Kennedy. Only one letter is common to both, and this letter appears twice in each. What could possible account for these historical echoes－coincidengce?

222 words Here’s an example paragraph of contrast.

We moved from the house on Washington Street when I was six, and I wondered if McKinley Park playground had changed much over the years. My social life began in its sandbox, near the huge wooden seesaws and the creaky wooden merry-go-round. The grass was worn by hundreds of feet, and saplings defined the playground’s boundaries. Our two-family homes surrounded us like a security blanket. Our moms chatted on wooden benches as they kept one eye on their kids. We all looked alike with our runny noses and light hair, and even our names had similar rings: Kate, Mary, Patrick, Shawn. We made friends as we lined up for our at the “best swing” that soared highest over the neighborhood. I thought of that morning, so I took my young cousin to McKinley Park. The sandbox has been replaced by a gigantic mental jungle gym. The new seesaws and merry-go-rounds are sturdy metal things, smaller, and freshly painted in primary colors. The playground is paved now. Tall maples stand guard outside its eight-foot chainlink fence. High-rises loom over the space, and Washington Street has widened to four lanes. And the kids! Black, White, Asian, Indian-the playground looks like the United Nations! Their noses still run as they clamor to get that end swing. I pointed Ellen in its direction and took my place

on a nearby bench, now full of moms, dads, and sitters kike me who keep the same careful watch as their children climb and swing.

253 words Now get ready to write a paragraph of comparison and contrast.

L istening exercises

Ⅰ. Listen for the main ideas.

Task: The talk mainly discusses________.

A.the number of Internet users

B..positive and negative sides of the Internet

C.The easiness brought about by the Internet

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/d16728999.html, users’ insatiable needs

Ⅱ.Listen for the details

Task: Determine whether the following statements are true or false.

1.Daily use of the Internet is the norm, not the exception.

2.Surfing the Net is as easy as driving a car, brushing our teeth, or turning on a TV.

3.One positive implication of cyber-life is the growing digital divide among people.

4.Americans don’t call or visit because they are old-fashioned.

剑桥少儿英语kid's-box-1--unit-1-Hello-课件

Unit1 Hello Lesson one 复习26个字母： Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz 一：必读词汇 1.hello 你好 2.I 我 3.am （用于第一人称单数）是 4.she 她 5. He 他 6.is 是 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/d16728999.html,名字 8. house 房子 9.tree 树 二：必读句型： What’s your name?你叫什么名字？ My name is Momo.我叫Momo。 三.听力原文： Mrs Star : Hello ,I’m Mrs Star 你好，我是Star 夫人. Mr. Star :Hello ,I’m Mr. Star. 你好，我是Star 先生。 Stella :Hello,I’m Stella Star .This is Marie .

你好，我是Stella ,这位是Marie. Simon:Hello ,I’m Simon Star .This is Maskman 你好，我是Simon ,这位是Maskman. Suzy:Hello,I’m Suzy .This is Monty. 你好，这是Suzy .这位是Monty. Suzy Stella and Simon :Goodbye. 再见 Monty: What ‘s your name? 你叫什么名字？ Lesson two 一：复习词汇： 1.I 我 2.am （用于第一人称单数）是 3.she 她 4. he 他 5.is 是 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/d16728999.html,名字 7. house 房子 8.tree 树 二：必读词汇 1.one一 2.two二 3.three三 4.four四 5.five 五 6.six六 7.seven 七 8.eight八 9.nine九10.ten十

全新版大学英语-第二版-预备级-综合教程-课后答案

Answers To 全新版大学英语综合教程第二版 预备级·重排本

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