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高中英语语法讲练结合-否定句省略句

否定句

一.概念否定句指否定陈述句的句子.

二.相关知识点精讲

1.用not构成的否定句：主语+助动词/ be+not+…

例句：

He is not back yet.

It is not true.

We haven’t forgotten you.

You shouldn’t be so silly.

We haven’t been invited yet.

He won’t go, but they will.

Money could not buy happiness.

I like the salad, but I don’t like this soup.

He wants a girl friend, but he doesn’t want to get married.

You didn’t understand what I said, did you ?

You needn’t try to explain.

I didn’t use to like opera, but now I’m getting interested.

I usedn’t to like opera, but now I’m getting interested.

2.祈使句的否定句：Don’t+动词原形…。

例句：

Don’t worry. I’ll look after you.

Don’t believe a word he says.

Don’t be so rude.

3. 非谓语动词（不定式，分词，动名词）的否定式：把not放在to do; doing; 的前面。

It’s important not to worry.

He said he deeply regretted not being able to help.

Not knowing what to do, Shelly asked advice of her friend.

He reproached me for not having told it to him.

4. not与除谓语以外的其他句子成分连用：

Come early, but not before six.

It’s working, but not properly.

I believe he will succeed, though not without some difficulty.

not用在I hope; I believe; I’m afraid; I guess; I suppose; I expect之后，构成省略句。

—Will it snow today ?

—I hope not.

5. 用no构成否定句：no+名词（单，复数，不可数）相当于not+ a +名词/ not + any +名词

No machine would work for long if it were not properly lubricated.

The nations of Europe and America have found that no country can produce all its needs without trading.

Take that towel, I have no other.

I can walk no farther.

There is no knowing what will happen.

6. 某些否定副词或代词：seldom; never; hardly; rarely; little; few; none; nowhere; neither等在句中构成否定句：

I can seldom find time for reading.

Mirror tells only the facts, never the poetry.

The rumor came from nowhere.

None but fools have ever believed it.

7. 否定转移：当think; believe; suppose; imagine等动词引导否定意义的宾语从句时，把从句中的not提到主句这些动词前面，是主句变成否定句：

I don’t think she’s at home, but I’ll go and see.

I don’t imagine that he’ll enjoy it.

8. 否定式疑问句：

Doesn’t she understand ?

Haven’t you booked your holiday yet ?

部分否定：

注意部分否定的结构：

Not all…=All…not…

Not both…=Both…not…

Not every…=Every…not…

I don’t remem ber all the names.

All is not gold that glitters.

It is not found everywhere.

Not everyone likes this film.

9. 用否定形式表示肯定的意义：

注意这些句型：

cannot…too.. / cannot… more: 越…就越好；再…不过了。

You cannot be too careful.

A man can never have too many friends.

省略句

一. 概念

英语中,为了避免重复,常常省略句子中的一个或几个成分,这样的句子叫省略句

二.相关知识点精讲

1. 简单句中的省略：

在对话中，交谈双方都知道谈论的对象，则可以省略句子的主语，省略主语和谓语的现象在交际用语中出现的很多。

（1）Looks like rain.

（2）Hope to hear from you soon.

（3）Sounds like a good idea.

（4）Beg your pardon.

（5）Feeling better today ?

（6）This way, please.

（7）—What does he want to eat ?

—Some rice and vegetables.

（8）Anything I can do for you ?

（9）Sorry to hear that.

（10）Doesn’t matter.

（11）Terrible weather!

（12）Pity you couldn’t come.

2. 并列句中的省略：

在并列句中，相同的成分如主语，谓语，宾语等都可以省略：

（1）They learn French and we English.

（2）My father planned and built all these houses.

（3）John won the first race and Jimmy the second.

（4）Coral is not a plant but a variety of animal life.

3. 复合句中的省略：

定语从句：

（1）That’s the reason he is late for the conference.

（2）I don’t like the way he talks.

状语从句：

（1）If heated, water will boil.

（2）Tom was attacked by cramp while swimming across the river.

（3）We’ll go to help you if necessary.

（4）Had I time, I would come.

（5）I’ll go, should it be necessary.

（6）The captain can find a boat quicker than we can.

宾语从句：如果宾语从句中的谓语部分与主句的谓语部分或上文的谓语部分相同，可将从句部分的谓语省略。

（1）We will do what we can（do）to help you.

（2）—Is Mr. King in his office?

—Sorry, I don’t know（whether he is in his office or not）.

4. 动词不定式的省略：在动词不定式结构中，为了避免重复，常常省略不定式结构中的动词原形，只保留to。

（1）—Would you like to go with us ?

—I’m glad to, but I have to finish my homework.

（2）Don’t tell me the name of the sailor if you don’t want to.

（3）—Have you ever been to the seaside?

—No, we can’t afford to.

在used to, ought to, have to, would like/love to, wish to, be going to等结构中，常常省略to后面的动词原形。

（1）They do not visit their parents as much as they ought to.

（2）He doesn’t get up early as he used to.

（3）I’ll hand it in if I have to.

（4）—Would you like to come tonight ?

—I’d love to.

Tell , warn , order , advise , ask等动词的宾语后面接动词不定式做宾语补足语时，可以省略to后面的动词原形。

（1）He wanted to swim across the river but I warned him not to.

（2）The boy wanted to play football in the street, but his mother told him

否定句和省略句的巩固练习

1. —Such a sudden turn in the road is too difficult for the n ew driver, isn’t it ?

—_____. He’s dealt with all kinds of troublesome situations before.

A. No, it isn’t

B. Yes, it is

C. No, he isn’t

D. Yes, he is

2. —Aren’t you feeling tired ?

—______, I am rather.

A. Yes

B. No

C. Not at all

D. Never

3. —She isn’t a dancing teacher, is she ?

—______.

A. Yes, she isn’t

B. No, she is

C. Yes, she wasn’t

D. No, but she was.

4. —Will you go shopping with us this afternoon ?

—_____but I’ve got quite a lot of homewo rk to do.

A. of course

B. I’d like to

C. That’s all right

D. No, I won’t

5. —If our parents would listen more to us, they would understand us better.

—_____. They just expect us to listen.

A. I believe not

B. No problem

C. Good idea

D. I can’t agree more

6. —Did you enjoy the trip ?

—I’m afraid not. And _____.

A. my classmates can’t either.

B. my classmates don’t too.

C. neither do my classmates

D. neither did my classmates

7. Try to retell the story in your own words. ______ afraid to make mistakes.

A. Not to be

B. Don’t

C. No be

D. Don’t be

8. _____, I will help you with your work.

A. If I am possible

B. If it possible

C. If possible

D. Possible

9. —Do you follow me? —Yes, _____.

A. it is good

B. I will

C. perfectly

D. very good

10. —How are you getting on with your work ?

—Oh, I’m sorry. Things aren’t going so well as _____.

A. plans

B. planning

C. planned

D. to plan

11. —Are you a teacher?

—No, but I _____. I worked in a middle school for three years.

A. am

B. will

C. do

D. was

12. —How many poor counties will there be in our province by 2010?

—There will be only a few, if _____.

A. much

B. some

C. any

D. many

13. —Why didn’t you come to Mike’s birthday party yesterday ?

—Well, I_____, but I forgot it.

A. should

B. must

C. should have

D. must have

14. Doctors have said that as many as 50% of patients don’t take medicine _____.

A. like directed

B. to be directed

C. as directed

D. so that directed

人教版最新高中英语必修一--重点短语、语法知识点总结

人教版必修一各单元知识点总结 Unit One Friendship 最新版一、重点短语 1.go through 经历，经受 get through 通过；完成；接通电话 2. set down 记下，放下 3. a series of 一系列 4. on purpose 有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上 9. join in 参加（某个活动）； take part in 参加（活动） join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员）10. calm down 冷静下来11. suffer from 遭受 12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心 14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽 15. be good at/do well in 擅长于… 16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是… 17. no longer / not …any longer 不再… 18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.） much too 太…(后接adj.) 19. not…until 直到…才 20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心 21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为… make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事二、语法----直接引语和间接引语概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。例：Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.” Mr. Black said that he was busy. 变化规则（一）陈述句的变化规则直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。人称的变化——人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思例：1. He said, “ I like it very much.”→He said that he liked it very much. 2. He said to me, “I’v left my book in your room.” →He told me that he had left his book in my room. 时态的变化

高中英语语法权威解析九--- 祈使句

第9讲祈使句一. 祈使句的句式特征祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。因此，祈使句中一般没有主语，但根据其句意，实际上是省略了主语you。祈使句句末用感叹号或句号，朗读时，常用降调。在表达请求或劝告时，在祈使句前或句末可加, 上please，以使句, 子的语气更加缓和, 或客气。祈使句一般没有时态的变化，也不能与情态动词连用。例如： Keep off the grass!勿踩草地！ Put the boxes in the small room.把那些盒子放到那个小房间里。二. 祈使句的肯定句式祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型： 1. 行为动词原形＋其他成分。例如： Make sentences after the model.根据例句造句。 2. Be动词＋其他成分（形容词、名词或介词短语等）。例如： Be careful when crossing the street.过马路时要小心。 3. Let, ＋宾语＋动词原, 形＋, 其他, 成分, 。例如： Let him go back now.让他现在回去吧。三. 祈使句的否定句式祈使句的否定句式，通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never，一般分为以下四种类型：1. 在祈使句的肯定句式前加Don’t，构成“Don’t＋行为动词原形＋其他成分”。例如：Don’t say that again!别再那样说了！ 2. 在Be动词引起的肯定祈使句前加Don’t，构成“Don’t be＋其他成分（形容词、名词或介词短语等）”。例如：Don’t be careless.不要粗心。注意：在这种句型中be不能省略；否定副词not不可置于be之后。 3. Let引起的祈使句的否定形式有两种：（1）Let开头的祈使句，如果后面跟第一、第三人称名词或代词的宾格，可在Let前加Don’t，也可在Let后宾格的名词或代词后面加not。（2）如果以Let’s开头的祈使句，必须在Let’s后加not。例如： Don’t let me go with her tomorrow. ＝Let me not go with her tomorrow. 不要让我明天跟她一起去。 Let’s not tell her the truth whenever we meet her. 无论什么时候我们碰到她，都不要告诉她真相。 4. 在公共场合的提示语中，否定祈使句常用“No＋名词/V-ing形式”结构，表示“禁止做某事”。例如： NO PHOTOS! 禁止拍照！四. 祈使句的反意问句祈使句的反意疑问句须按其句子结构及讲话人的语气来决定其疑问部分。通常有以下三种式： 1. 祈使句为肯定句式，其反意疑问句表示请求时，通常用will you；表示邀请、劝说时，用won’t you。例如： Be sure to write to us, will you?你一定要给我们写信，好吗？ Come to have dinner with us this evenin g, won’t you? 今晚来和我们一起吃饭，好吗？ 2. 祈使句为否定句式，其反意疑问句通常只用will you。例如： Don’t smoke in the meeting room, will you? 不要在会议室抽烟，好吗？ 3. Let开头的祈使句构成反意疑问句时，除Let’s用shall we外，其他均用will you。例如：Let the boy go first, will you?让个那男孩先走，好吗？ Let’s take a walk after supper, shall we? 晚饭后我们去散步，好吗？五. 祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或won’t。在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：一是“形式一致”，即Yes与will保持一致；No与won’t保持一致。二是“意思相反”，即Yes是“不”的意思；No是“是”的意思。在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。例如： --- Don’t go out, please. It’s raining heavily outside. 请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。 ---- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport.

高中英语句子积累精华

2016高考英语写作27个超级无敌句型，错过太可惜！ 1. Bai jingjing is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 白晶晶是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。【句型结构】 the most + 形容词+ 名词+ (that) + 主语 + have ever + seen (known/ heard/ had/ read, etc) … the + ~ est + 名词+ (that) + 主语+ have ever + seen (known/ heard/ had/ read, etc) 2. The harder you work, the more progress you make. 你越是努力工作，你就会取得越多进步。 The more books we read, the more learned we become. 我们读的书越多，我们就会越有学问。【句型结构】 The + ~er + S + V, … the + ~er + S + V … The + more + adj + S + V, … the + more + adj + S + V… 主语越......，主语越...... 3. Nothing is easier than to give up. 没有比放弃更容易的事了。 Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事了。【句型结构】 Nothing is +~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词+ than to + V 没有......比......更...... 4. It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. 全世界都认可树木对我们是不可或缺的。【句型结构】 It is widely/universally acknowledged/recongnised + that 从句全世界都认可...... 5. It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems. 该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。【句型结构】 It is time + S + 过去式该是...的时候了 6. It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.

高考英语语法专项突破训练专题16-倒装句和省略句

专题十六倒装句和省略句重难点分析一、倒装句倒装句主要考查以下几个方面： ◆含有否定意味的词置于句首，用部分倒装； ◆“only+状语/状语从句”置于句首，用部分倒装； ◆so/such…that句型中，“so+形容词/副词”提前，用部分倒装； ◆表示方位的副词或介词短语放在句首，要用完全倒装。 1. 倒装句用法一览表：

2. 特别提示 (1) there be结构的倒装句型中，除了be动词之外，there后还可接lie, live, seem to be等。如：There lived an old man in the village long long ago. 很久很久以前，村子里住着一位老人。 (2) here, there, now, then, up, down, away, out等副词位于句首，主语为代词时不到装。如：Away it flew. 它飞走了。 (3) 直接引语的一部分或全部位于句首，主句倒装，主句倒装，但是主语为代词时不倒装。如：“You have to finish it tonight,” she said. “今晚你必须完成它，”她说。 (4) so位于句首不倒装的情况：

① 主语与前句相同，表赞同，译为“确实如此”。如： — Mike studies hard. 迈克学习很刻苦。 — So he does. 确实是。 ② 表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事，前句如果列举了两种事实以上，用“so it is/was with sb./sth.”回答。如： — Tom is kind and often helps those in trouble. 汤姆很友好，经常帮助处于困境中的人。 — So it is with his father. 他父亲也是。 (5) 使用as/though进行倒装时注意： ①句首有名词，名词不能带任何冠词。如：Child as he is, he can tell right from wrong. 尽管他是个孩子，却能够明辨是非。 ②句首是实义动词时，其他助动词则放在主语之后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，则宾语和状语随实义动词一起放在主语之前。如： Try hard as he will, he never seems to be able to do the work satisfactorily. 虽然他尽力了，但他的工作总做得不尽如人意。 (6) not until位于句首的倒装结构中，如果是复合句，只有主句用倒装，从句不用。如： Not until he loses his health will he give up smoking. 他直到失去健康才会戒烟。二、省略句高考命题导向：省略是一种避免重复，保持简洁的语法手段。缺少一个或一个以上的必要语言成分，但在一定语境中能够独立存在，意义明确，并且能发挥交际功能的句子叫作省略句。高考主要是考查省略在固定结构中的运用。省略句用法一览表：

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