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英语五大基本句型及练习

基本概念：与汉语相似，英语句子是由主语(subject), 谓语动词(verb),宾语(object), 表语(predicative),状语(adverbial),宾语补足语(object complement)等成分组成，按照这些成分的组合方式英语句子可分为五种基本句型。

句型一：主语+不及物动词

不及物动词本身就可以表达完整的意念，

不需要宾语及补语，

但有时可有副词，

介词短语等状语修饰语。

e.g. The rain stopped .

The old man walks in the park .

句型一的扩展：1.主语+不及物动词+状语

e.g. The machine works smoothly. (机器运转正常。)

2.There +不及物动词+主语

e.g. There is some milk in the bottle .

There comes the bus .

3. 主语+不及物动词+ 动词不定式

e.g. They stopped to take a short rest . (他们停下来稍作休息)

特别提醒

动词stop 可用作不及物动词，也可用作及物动词。作不及物动词时, 通常后接动词不定式,表示停下来的目的是做另一件事。作及物动词时，通常后接动名词,表示停止做这件事。

e.g. They stopped taking a rest .

句型二

：主语+系动词+表语

系动词本身不能表达完整的意念没，需要形容词，名词，介词短语等来补充说明主语，也叫主语补语。

e.g. My sister is a nurse .

I feel quite hungry .

The ball is under the desk .

句型三：主语+及物动词+宾语

及物动词本身需要一个动作的接受者（宾语），才可以表达一个完整的意念。

e.g. We are learning English .

Do you know him ?

Your radio needs repairing .

She hopes to see her uncle.

句型四：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语

有些及物动词需要两个宾语才能表达一个完整意念。

e.g. Her mother bought her a skirt.

Give me the book, please.

特别提醒

A. 在此句型中，

通常是间接宾语（人）在前，直接宾语（物）在后，有时直接宾语和间接宾语可以对调，这时间接宾语前应加上适当的介词。

e.g. Her mother bought a skirt for her .

Give the book to me , please .

直接宾语与间接宾语对调时，间接宾语前加介词to的动词有：

give(给), tell(告诉) , lend(借给) , sell(卖), teach(教) , send(寄给), write(写给), show(出示) , return(还给), bring(带给), pass(递给), leave(留给), offer(提供), hand(交给)

间接宾语前加介词for的动词有：

buy(买), choose(选择), get (弄到), make(做), order(订购), sing (唱歌), do (做), play(演奏)

B. 如果直接宾语为人称代词那么必须把直接宾放在间接宾语前，且间接宾语前要加上适当的介词。

e.g. I handed it to our teacher .

不能说：I handed our teacher it .

C. 此句型变为被动语态时，可分为两种情况。

e.g. Her mother bought her a skirt .

a. She was bought a skirt by her mother .

b. A skirt was bought for her by her mother.

句型五：主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语

及物动词本身需要一个宾语外，

还需要一个名词，形容词，副词, 动词不定式，分词来补充说明宾语，才能表达一个完整的意念。

e.g. We elected Li Yang our monitor.

The news made us sad.

She saw the thief steal into the shop .

The teacher asked me to answer the question .

I found the man stealing the money .

I found my money stolen .

特别提醒

A. 现在分词为宾语补足语时，宾语与现在分词之间是主动关系；过去分词为宾语补足语时,宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系。

B. 在let(让)，make(使得)，have（请，让，使得），see(看)，hear(听到)，watch(观看)，feel(感觉到)，listen to (倾听)，look at (看到)，notice(注意到)等动词后的宾语补足语如果为不定式，

则省掉”to”,但变为被动语态时，

则要带”to”.

e.g. We hear her sing next door.

She is heard to sing next door .

C. 此句型变为被动语态时，只有一种情况。

e.g. They saw him steal the old man’s money.

He was seen to steal the old man’s money .

英语五大基本句型练习

1.I am sorry to have kept you ____.

a. wait

b. to wait

c. waiting

d. waited

2.She found her dog ___over by a car on the road.

a. run

b. ran d. to run d. running

3. Rose is going to have her hair _____.

a. do

b. done

c. did

d. doing

4. She felt somebody ___her.

a. touched

b. touches

c. touch

d. to touch

5. She taught him _____speak English.

a. how

b. how could he

c. how he could

d. how to

6.He didn’t enjoy the play because he ____.

a. was boring

b. bored

c. was bored

d. boring

7.I will make your dream ____.

a. comes true

b. to come true

c. coming truly

d. come true

8.He warned ____home .

a. us to not go

b. us not to go

c. we not go

d. us not go

9. Canned food does not go ____.

a. bed easily

b. badly easy

c. bad easy

d. badly easily

10.The sad news kept her ___all the night.

a. awake

b. waken

c. wake

d. to wake

11.I think ____a bad habit to get up late .

a. that

b. it

c. this

d. its

12.He found his money _____.

a. steal

b. stealing

c. stolen

d. to steal

13.Roses in bloom smell ____.

a. sweetly

b. sweet

c. sweeten

d. sweetness

14.We must have the machine ____.

a. to repair

b. repairing

c. repair

d. repaired

15.She was lying in the sofa ____a book.

a. reading

b. read

c. to read

d. to reading

16.A television set will keep us ____of the news of the day.

a. inform

b. to inform

c. informed

d. informing

17.The speaker found himself ____all alone.

a. left

b. leave

c. leaving

d. to leave

18.The speaker found himself ____.

a. misunderstand

b. misunderstanding

c. misunderstood

d. to misunderstand

19.-My watch is broken.

–Why don’t you ___.

a. take a repairer your watch

b. take your watch a repairer

c. take to a repairer it

d. take it to a repairer

20.I heard you went to the museum yesterday and couldn’t find ____the hotel.

a. how to return to

b. how you could go for

c. the way back for

d. the way back to

21.Yesterday was my birthday. My mother ____.

a. made a cake to me

b. made a cake me

c. made for me a cake

d. made me a cake

22. The teacher ____John a good student.

a. believes

b. knows

c. suggests

d. considers

23.It’s a fine day. Let’s go boating, ___?

a. will we

b. don’t we

c. won’t we

d. shall we

24.Don’t smoke in the classroom, ___?

a. will you

b. do you

c. don’t you

d. won’t you

25.He seldom has lunch at home, ____he?

a. has

b. hasn’t

c. does

d. doesn’t

26.We had to get up early, ___we?

a. didn’t

b. don’t

c. had

d. did

27.You had Tom do the job, ____you?

a. did

b. didn’t

c. had

d. hadn’t

28.Let us have another look, ____you?

a. will

b. would

c. won’t

d. wouldn’t

29.Nobody came, ___?

a. didn’t he

b. didn’t they

c. did he

d. did they

30.We ought to hand it in today, ____we?

a. oughtn’t

b. don’t

c. shouldn’t

d. won’t

31.We’d better wait for ten more minutes, ___?

a. hadn’t we

b. don’t we

c. d idn’t we

d. wouldn’t we

32. I’d like a sandwich, ____?

a. would you

b. do you

c. couldn’t you

d. don’t you

33.This is the third time this week John has had to study late, ___?

a. hasn’t he

b. isn’t he

c. hasn’t it

d. isn’t it

34.You and I did it together, ___?

a. didn’t I

b. didn’t you

c. did you

d. didn’t we

35.They should have completed it earlier, ____?

a. should they

b. shouldn’t they

c. have they

d. haven’t they

36. You may take it if you want to, ___?

a. mayn’t you

b. don’t you

c. shouldn’t

you d. won’t you

37.You must have told Mr. Smith the secret, ___?

a. mustn’t you

b. must you

c. haven’t you

d. have you

38.She disliked the skirt his father bought her, ___?

a. did she

b. didn’t she

c. was she

d. wasn’t

she

39.Tom said he was not there then, ___?

a. didn’t he

b. did he

c. wasn’t he

d. was he

40. I suppose he is honest , ___?

a. don’t I

b. do I C. isn’t he d. is he

41. I don’t think he is serious, ___?

a. don’t I

b. do I C. isn’t he d. is he

42.She’s finished the job, ____she ?

a. doesn’t

b. isn’t

c. wasn’t

d. hasn’t

43. –You aren’t a teacher, are you?

a. Yes, I am not

b. No, I am

c. No, but I was

d. Yes, I wasn’t

44.- ____is your sister?

-She is a teacher in a middle school.

a. Who

b. What

c. Which

d. Where

45.-How are your parents?

-_____.

a. They are doctors

b. They like sweet food

c. They are fine

d. They are fifty

46. -___will you get married to him. -In a month.

a. How soon

b. How long

c. How often

d. How much

47. There ____two films this week in our school.

a. is

b. have

c. have been

d. has

48. There ____a lot of news about the fire on TV last night.

a. was

b. had

c. were

d. is

49.There used to be a temple there, ____?

a. usedn’t it

b. used there

c. didn’t it

d. didn’t there

50. There ___ a stream in front of our house.

a. lies

b. has

c. stand

d. lie

五种句型、七大语法、八大时态

1）五种句型 1.基本句型一： S V （主＋谓） 2.基本句型二： S V P （主＋谓＋表） 3.基本句型三： S V O （主＋谓＋宾） 4.基本句型四： S V o O （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 5.基本句型五; S V O C （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 2）八大时态一、一般现在时： 1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 2.时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, 3.基本结构：动词原形（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要加（e）S） 4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 6.例句：. It seldom snows here. He is always ready to help others. Action speaks louder than words. 二、一般过去时： 1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just n ow, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 3.基本结构：be动词；行为动词 4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。 5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。 6.例句：She often came to help us in those days. I didn't know you were so busy. 三、现在进行时： 1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 2.时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc. 3.基本结构：am/is/are+doing 4.否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing. 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。 6.例句： How are you feeling today? He is doing well in his lessons. 四、过去进行时：

英语五大基本句型详解及练习(配答案)

从英语的句子结构上说，除了修饰名词的定语和修饰动词的状语外，在千变万化的句子中可归纳为五个基本句式，一般地说，某些动词在某一句式中，下面我们把这些句型和常用的动词进行归类，供大家参考。一、S(主) + Vi (不及物动词) （谓）Time (s) + flies (Vi) 两天过去了。冬天快要来了。受伤的猫死了。发生了一宗交通事故。 1)S + Vi + adverbial ( 副词作状语) Birds sing beautifully. 他高兴地离开了。女孩安静地走了进来。战争和平地结束了。雨渐渐地停了。 2）S + Vi + Prep phase (介词短语作状语) He went on holiday. 他们会在三点钟到。那群孩子步行去上学。 3）S + Vi +Infinitive (不定式作状语) We stopped to have a rest. 他起得早是为了读英语。他希望做医生。 4）S + Vi +Participle (现在分词作状语) I will go swimming. 我们明天一起去钓鱼。我明天去划船。昨天他们去逛街。

S（主）+ Vt( 及物动词) （谓）+ Object (宾) ------- We like English. 1）S + Vt + N/ Pron (名词或代词作宾语) I like music. / I like her. 他去年教数学。我们已收到了他们的来信。2）S + Vt + Infinitive (不定式作宾语) I want to help him. 他爸爸期待拥有一家工厂。他们假装在看书。我尝试去解决那个问题。常用于这个句型的动词有：attempt ,dare ,decide, desire, expect, hope, wish, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, refuse, want, manage, plan, fail, try, agree等。 3) S + Vt + 疑问词+ Infinitive （疑问词加不定式作宾语） I don’t know what to do. 我在想明天去哪里。你决定要买什么了吗？我想知道什么时候出发。常用于这个句型的动词有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder 等。 4）S + Vt + Gerund(动名词作宾语) I enjoy living here. 他每天都练习说英语。李阿姨忍不住笑了。我期待明天见到你。常用于这个句型的动词有：admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practice, risk, suggest, give up, can’t help, imagine, appreciate, escape, permit, put off, devote to, make a contribution to, look forward to, feel like, get/be used to, pay attention to, have trouble/ difficulty in, be fond of, be worth 等。

英语语法的五种基本句型

教学目标： 1.让学生掌握英语学习中的五种基本句型； 2.学会分辨句子属于哪种句型； 3.懂得使用不同的句型造句；教学重点与难点： 1.五种句型的分析与理解； 2.句型4（主+动+宾+补）与句型5（主+动+宾+宾）的掌握与比较；教学方法： 1.ppt演示；课堂练习：一、下列的句子属于哪种类型 1. The sun rises 2. She is walking along the lake. 3. I like this book very much. 4. That man seems kind 5. He bought his sister a piano. 6. She kept us waiting for over three hours. 7. Let me give you a hand. 8. We tried to make her happy. 二、请说出五个句子，并说出属于哪种句型家庭作业： 1.每个句型各举出3个句子 2.翻译句子

导入主题：我们现在能用英语写简单的作文，也可以用英语进行简单的交流与沟通，可是大家知道英语中有多少种基本句型吗？那这些句型分别是什么？（让学生自由思考、讨论，引出今天的课题，英语学习中的五种基本句型）1.Subject (主语) ＋Verb (谓语) 此句型的特点是:谓语动词是不及物动词,本身能表达完整的意思,后面不需跟宾语,但有时可跟副词、介词短语等作状语。如: He laughed. John has read widely. He lives in London. 2. Subject(主语) ＋Verb (谓语) ＋Object (宾语) 此句型的特点是:谓语动词是及物动词,不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语。如: Our team beat all the others. 3. Subject (主语) ＋Link. V(系动词) ＋Predicate(表语) 此句型的特点是:谓语动词是连系动词,不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语特征、身份、状态的表语。常见的系动词有:be(是),become(成为),get(变得),turn(变得),grow(变得),look(看起来),feel(感到),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来),seem(似乎),keep(保持),stay(保持)等。如: The rose smells sweet. 4. Subject(主语)＋Verb (动词)＋Object (宾语)＋Complement(补语) 此句型的特点是:谓语动词虽然跟有一个宾语,但意思还不完整,必须加上另外一个成分(宾语补足语)对宾语进行补充说明。可以用作宾语补足语的有:名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等。如: We must keep our school clean. They made him their monitor. 5. Subject(主语)＋Verb(谓语)＋Indirect object(间接宾语)＋Direct object (直接宾语) 此句型的特点是:谓语动词跟有两个宾语,这两个宾语都是动作的对象或承受者,其中指人的是间接宾语,指物的是直接宾语。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时,通常需要加介词for或to。可跟双宾语的动词有:answer,bring,buy,find,get,give,lend,make,pass,pay,send,show,sing,take,teach,tell, write等。如: Mr. Li told us an interesting story. Would you please give this dictionary to Li Hua？【注】S=Subject(主语). V=Verb(谓语动词). P=Predicative(表语). O=Object(宾语).

(完整word版)英语五种基本句型专项练习题

初二（下）英语五种基本句型专项练习题一、请判断下列句子的结构类型： 1.He is running. 2.The loud voice from the upstairs made him angry. 3.The little boy is asking the teacher all kinds of questions. 4.She seemed angry. 5.My father bought me a beautiful present. 6.Why do you keep your eyes closed？ 7.Will you tell us an exciting story？ 8.We must keep our classroom tidy and clean. 9.I heard the baby crying in the sitting room. 10.Can you push the window open？二、用所学的五种句型造句： A：1．正在下着雨。 2．我的哥哥很用功。 3．我每天早晨六点钟起床。 4．日出于东而没于西。 5．比尔和吉姆每天都一起读书一起玩。B：1．我的名字是汤姆。 2．约翰和玛丽是同班同学。 3．你准备好了吗？ 4．所有的问题都不容易回答。 5．你的梦想一定能实现的。 6．这些玫瑰花看起来很美，闻起来也很香。C：1．现在我们正在学习英语。 2．海伦做她的课外作业都很小心。 3．昨天你看到他了吗？ 4．我们的英语老师林先生会说英语和日语。 5．大部分的小孩都爱阅读故事。 D： 1．她的伯父昨天给了她一件很好的礼物。2．请给我们一些吃的东西。 3．这位老师常给这些男、女生讲有趣的故事。4．她的父亲上星期买了一只新的手表给他。5．我的美国朋友比尔在几天前写了一封信给我。E： 1．他们都叫他“小胖”。 2．他使他的年老的母亲很快乐。 3．老师经常都要我们坐得端正。 4．你有办法发动这部汽车吗？ 5. 我们的老师有时候会强迫我们做课外作业。三、将下列五种基本句型构成的句子译为汉语。1．Do you know her younger sister? 2．I got home after dark yesterday. 3．Bill always does very well at school.

(完整版)英语的五大基本句型

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18. There isn’t going to be a meeting tonight. 19. There was only a well in the village. 20. There is (are) a teacher of music and a teacher of art in the school.指出下列句子加粗部分是什么句子成分： 1. The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4. What a beautiful Chinese painting! 5. They went hunting together early in the morning. 6. His job is to train swimmers. 7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 8. There is going to be an American film tonight. 9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow. 10. His wish is to become a scientist. 11. The meeting will last two hours. 12. They have carried out the plan successfully. 13. At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist. 14. He showed the ticket to the conductor. 15．They have set the thief free.

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主语系表语主语系表语（介词短语） ▲定语只修饰名词，不破坏句子的基本结构。通常由形容词和介词短语充当，形容词放在所修饰的名词之前，而介词短语放在所修饰的名词之后，请注意英语与汉语词序的不同。看懂中文的定语是翻译好定语的关键。介词短语 ---英国法学家波洛克介词短语 Happiness is a station -----------Pollock, British jurist 形容词介词短语 5 形容词介词短语 man is a teacher 介词短语形容词

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英语五大基本句型精讲英语五种基本句型列式如下：基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）基本句型三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）基本句型四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）基本句型五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）基本句型一此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。Ｓ│Ｖ（不及物动词） 1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢？ 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly. 这支笔书写流利。基本句型二此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。Ｓ│Ｖ（系动词）│Ｐ 1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。 2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。 3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。 4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。 5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮。 6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。 7. Our well │has gone │dry. 我们的井干枯了。 8. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了。

初中英语语法大全：英语五个基本句型

初中英语语法大全：英语五个基本句型1简单句、并列句、复合句根据语法形式，即句子的结构，英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。 1简单句句型：主语+谓语只包含一个主谓结构，而句子的各个结构都只由单词或短语表示。简单句有五种基本句型，详见第十七章。 They are playing baseball in the garden. 他们正在公园里打棒球。 Her brother and sister both are teachers. 她的哥哥和姐姐都是老师。 2并列句句型：简单句+并列连词+简单句（常见的并列连词有and，but，or）并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系，是平行并列的关系。它们之间用连词连结。 My friend was at home，and we talked for along time. 我的朋友在家，我们谈了好长时间。 Her father is a doctor and her mother is a teacher.

她父亲是个医生，她母亲是个老师。I liked the story very much but Li Ming wasn't interested in it.我非常喜欢这个故事，可是李明却对它不感兴趣。 Hurry up，or you'll be late. 快点，否则你就会迟到的。 3复合句句型：主句+连词+从句；或连词+从句+主句（包含一个主句、一个或一个以上的从句，或只包含一个从句，但有两个或两个以上的主句的句子叫复合句。）句子的成分组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。句子成分包括：主语、谓语、表语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、宾语补足语、定语和状语。主语和谓语是句子主体部分（在英文中一般的句子必须有主语和谓语）。表语、宾语和宾语补足语是谓语里的组成部分。其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。下面我们分别讲述一下句子的各个成分： 1主语主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。 We study in No.1 Middle School.（讲述“谁”～）我们在一中学习。 The classroom is very clean. （讲述“什么”很干净）这间教室很干净。 Three were absent.（数词作主语）

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