2012年广东省高考压轴卷英语试卷.pdf

2012年广东省高考压轴卷

英语

注意事项1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。

2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。

3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动

，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。语言知识及应用（共两节，满分分)

(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1-15各题所给的ABCD项中，选出最佳选项，并填写在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 What happens to the individual— the sort of environment in which he is brought up is one of factors which determine an individual's intelligence. If an individual is handicapped(不利) environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never 2. attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable. The importance of 3.environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be 4.demonstrated by the case history of the 5. identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the . same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in6. separate foster(抚养) homes. Peter was raised by parents of intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of 8.well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good 9.______, and given every 10. opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference 11.continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given 12. tests to measure their intelligence. Mark's I. Q. was 125, twenty-five points, fully forty points 13. higher than his identical brother. Given 14. equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at 15. roughly the same level.

A. Succeed

B. Fail

C. Manage

D. Refuse

A. Attain

B. Win

C. Arrive

D. Have

A. Family

B. Background

C. Surrounding

D. Environment

A. Demonstrated

B.examined

C. Overthrowed

D. Questioned

A. Same

B. Nonidentical

C. Identical

D. Male

A. Identical

B. Similar

C. Separate

D. Kind-hearted

A. Excellent

B. Poor

C. Low

D. High

A. Well-to-do

B. silly

C. Ordinary

D. Remarkable

A. Family

B. Schools

C. Countries

D. Environment

A. Possibility

B. Access

C. Priority

D. Opportunity

A. Stopped

B. Ended

C. Accelerated

D. Continued

A. Chances

B. Tests

C. Money

D. Reasons

A. Higher

B. Lower

C. Larger

D. Smaller

A. Other

B. Different

C. Equal

D. Educational

A. Exactly

B. Absolutely

C. Different

D. Roughly

第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16～25的相应位置上。

16_______ a tough day, do you come home and flop in your easy chair, grab a bag of chips and zone out in front of the television? Or maybe you compulsively check your e-mail, spend hours surfing the net or stay up late 17.________(chat) with strangers 18. ______ you only know on Facebook or Twitter.

19._______ you get lost in cyberspace, over shop, watch too much TV, gossip, bite your nails, daydream excessively, procrastinate or over-exercise, you may be caught 20.____ a “soft addiction”. Soft addictions are 21_______(seem) harmless habits that rob us of our time, zap our energy, numb us from our feelings, mute our consciousness and keep us from living 22. ______ satisfying, meaningful lives we

desire. Soft Addictions can be 23. _____(act), moods or ways of being, avoidances, and things-edible and consumable. Many soft addictions involve necessary behaviors 24.______ eating, reading, and sleeping. They become soft addictions when we overdo them and when they 25._______(use) for more than their intended purpose.

Ⅲ阅读（共两节，满分40分）

阅读理解（共15小题；每小2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

The men who race the cars are generally small, with a tight, nervous look. They range from the early 20s to the middle 40s, and it is usually their nerves that go first.

Fear is the driver's constant companion, and tragedy can be just a step behind. Scarcely a man in the 500 does not carry the scars of ancient crashes. The mark of the plastic surgeon is everywhere, and burned skin is common. Sometimes a driver's scars are invisible, part of his heritage. Two young drivers, Billy Vukovich and Gary Bettenhausen, raced in their first 500 in 1968. Less than 20 years before, their fathers also competed against one another on the Indy track—and died there.

All this the drivers accept. Over the years, they have learned to trust their own techniques, reflexes, and courage. They depend, too, on a trusted servant—scientific engineering. Though they may not have had a great deal of schooling (an exception is New Zealand's Bruce McLaren, who has an engineering degree), many drivers are gifted mechanics, with a feeling for their engines that amount to kinship.

A few top drivers have become extremely wealthy, with six-figure incomes from prize money, endorsements, and jobs with auto-product manufacturers. Some have businesses of their own. McLaren designs racing chassis (底盘). Dan Gurney's California factory manufactured the chassis of three of the first four ears in the 1968 Indy 500, including his own second place car.

Yet money is not the only reason why men race cars. Perhaps it isn't even the major reason. Three-time Indy winner(1961, 1964, 1967) A. J. Foyt, for example, can frequently be found competing on dirty tracks in minor-league races, where money, crowds and safety features are limited, and only the danger

is not. Why does he do it? Sometimes Foyt answers, "It's in my blood. " Other times he says, "It's good practice. " Now and then he replies, "Don't ask dumb questions. "

26. The statement "it is usually their nerves that go first" means_______.

A. at first they all have a nervous look

B. they often find they can't bear the tension even if they are in good condition

C. someday they find they can't make responses to any risk

D. they can continue their career at most until the middle 40s

27. It can be inferred that a car accident is often coupled with_______.

A. a plastic surgeon

B. a companion

C. a risk

D. a fire

28. The invisible scars of the drivers mentioned in the second paragraph refers to_______.

A. the regrets left by their fathers

B. the fears left by their fathers

C. the cars left by their fathers

D. the heritage left by their fathers

29. Bruce McLaren is different from most of the drivers in that_______.

A. he himself designs chassis

B. he has an engineering degree

C. he manufactures chassis

D. he is a gifted mechanic

30. A. J. Foyt often takes part in minor-league races for_______.

A. prize money

B. blood test

C. cheers from the crowd

D. Enjoyment

B

Tobacco is the second major cause of death in the world. It is responsible for the death of one in ten adults worldwide (about 5 million deaths each year). If current smoking patterns continue, it will cause some 10 million deaths each year by 2020. Half the people that smoke today, that is about 650 million people, will eventually be killed by tobacco.

Tobacco is the fourth most common risk factor for disease worldwide. The economic costs of tobacco use are equally devastating (破坏性的). In addition to the high public health costs of treating tobacco-caused diseases, tobacco kills people at the height of their productivity, depriving (剥夺) families of breadwinners(养家糊口的人) and nations of a healthy workforce. Tobacco users are also less productive while they are alive due to increased sickness. A 1994 report estimated that the use of tobacco resulted in an annual global net loss of 200 thousand million US dollars, a third of this loss being in developing countries.

Tobacco and poverty are closely linked. Many studies have shown that in the poorest households in some low-income countries as much as 10% of total household expenditure is on tobacco. This means that these families have less money to spend on basic items such as food, education and health care. It contributes to a higher illiteracy rate, since money that could have been used for education is spent on tobacco instead.

31. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the first paragraph?

A. Smoking causes 10 percent of the deaths worldwide.

B. About 10 million people will die from smoking each year by 2020.

C. Half the people in the world will be killed by smoking.

D. Roughly there are 1,300 million smokers nowadays.

32. According to the passage, tobacco affects a family in the following aspects EXCEPT _______.

A. relationship

B. education

C. health

D. economy

33. The text uses a lot of figures to _____.

A. show we shouldn’t smoke too much

B. tell people exactly the number

C. warn people of the harm of smoking

D. indicate the writer had a careful investigation

34. The underlined word “illiteracy” in the last paragraph means ____.

A. great intelligence

B. good education

C. bad behaviors

D. inability to read or write

35. What is the best title of the passage?

A. Tobacco Should Be Banned.

B. Why Is Tobacco a Major Threat to Public Health.

C. Tobacco and Poverty Go Hand in Hand.

D. Tobacco May Cause Death.

C

Some years ago on a hot summer day in south Florida a little boy decided togo for a swim in the old swimming hole behind his house. He flew into the water,not realizing that as he swam toward the middle of the lake,a crocodile was swimming toward the shore. His mother — in the house was looking out the window — saw the two as they got closer and closer together. In utter fear,she ran toward the

water,yelling to her son as loudly as she could.

Hearing her voice, the little boy became alarmed and made a return to swim to his mother. It was too late. Just as he reached her,the crocodile reached him. From the dock, the mother grabbed her little boy by the arms just as thealligator snatched his legs. That began an incredible tug-of-war betweenthe two. The alligator was much stronger than the mother, but the motherwas much too passionate to let go. A farmer happened to drive by, heard herscreams, raced from his truck, took aim and shot the

crocodile.Remarkably, after weeks and weeks in the hospital, the little boy were deep scratches where his mother's fingernails dug into his flesh in her effort to hang on to the son she loved.

The newspaper reporter who interviewed the boy after the trauma, asked if he would show him his scars. The boy lifted his pant legs. And then, with obvious pride, he said to the reporter. But look at my arms. I have great scars on my arms, too. I have them because my mom wouldn't let go.

36. Why did the mother yell to her son?

She was angry about the boy

She want call the boy back

She was afraid and wanted to warn his son

She saw his son playing with a crocodile

37. Where did the crocodile crocodile catch the boy?

In the middle of the lack

At the bank

Near his house

Near the shore

38. Who saved the boy's life ?

His mother

A farmer

His father

The passage didn't mentioned

39. The underlined word trauma is closest in meaning to .

Accident

Physical damage

Psychological damage

Tragedy

40. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

The scars of love

An unpleasant swimming experience

A lack rescue

Survive a crocodile

D

The US Army is dedicating millions of research dollars into discovering building helmets to allow soldiers to telepathically communicate with one another on the battlefield. The technology, which seems like something out of a science fiction novel, would use electrodes to pick up code words that soldiers were thinking. Those codewords would then be transmitted back to a computer where the soldier's position and message-telling, for instance, that it is safe to progress towards a target- which would be transmitted to their peers in the field.

The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) was established in 1958 and was dedicated to expanding the Department of Defense technology usage, some of which included state-of-the-art, and top secret, research into the mind.

Based largely out of University of California-Irvine, in conjunctThe Defense Advanced Research Projects Agencyion with labs in Philadelphia and Maryland, scientists are trying to improve so-called

'synthetic telepathy' so that it could be used in a battlefield.

At this point, they have set their sights on 2017 as the year when their plan may turn into silent action.So far, 45 percent of the commands that are transmitted from one volunteer to another- like "call in helicopter" or "enemy ahead"- are correct. That statistic is expected to improve.

According to a soldier quoted in Stars and Stripes, the military newspaper, many of those people who will be the ones utilizing the technology are on board. Others, including civil rights activists, take the opposite view, bringing up concerns about a possible infringement on civil liberties if the technology were to be misused.

41. According to the passage all the following are right EXCEPT that ______.

A. The new technology would use electrodes to pick up code words that soldiers were thinking

B. The improvement of synthetic telepathy is one of projects of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

C. This plan of synthetic telepathy has been taken into action

D. The technology is just a science fiction novel

42. According to the passage who will probably utilize this kind of technology?

A. pilots

B. Soldiers

C. hakers

D. Captains

43. Why some people take opposite view towards this new technology?

A. It is not safe.

B. The technique is imperfect

C. The new technique may violate civil liberties.

D. The technology may be misused.

44. We can learn from the last paragraph that ______.

A. This new technology has a dim future

B. New product will be widely used

C. New product is so advanced that it won't have any problem.

D. New tech may come across possible infringement on civil liberties

What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To introduce a new product---helmet.

B. To introduce a new project on helmets.

C. To give the prospect of new helmet.

D. To advocate new helmets to be used on battle.

第二节 信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

请阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。

首先，请阅读下列的应用文：

New friends. Fresh lifestyle. Better career opportunities... Those are attractions of overseas study for young people in China. "Start early, finish strong,” some of them say.

More than 300 universities from 27 countries and regions were represented at last weekend's international education exposition (展览).

The US has always been on the top destination list for Chinese students, with its high education standards and enough scholarship.

Good news:It's easier to get a US student visa (签证) nowadays. Last year, the refusal rate was only 20 to 30 per cent, much lower than a few years before, according to US Embassy.

Concerns: There're a lot to prepare. The TOFEL, GRE... It's longer time to apply to US universities than schools in the UK or Australia.

Useful link: www, usembassychina, org. cn

Easier access to visas and international environment are the UK's great attractions fox Chinese students.

Good news: There many new scholarships this year, both from the government and universities, such as the Scotland International Scholarship.

Concerns: Money. It's expensive to study in the UK, with an average cost of 200,000 to 300,000 yuan a year.

Useful link: www, educationuk, org. cn

Canada's multicultural environment is good for students' studies and careers.

Good news: Students are allowed to take off campus part-time jobs during their studies from last year. It'll help pay living expenses. Students can get two-year work permits after graduation.

Concerns:Only a limited number of

scholarships are available. They rarely cover the full cost of a study programme.

Useful link: www. studycanada, ca

Good climate, high quality education, favorable immigration (移民) policy: these make Australia one of the most popular choices among Chinese students.

Good news: A new E-visa policy ensure a quick application process ( four weeks compared with 12

weeks before )

Concerns: Tuition fees (学费) have risen in past years. The total cost is about 200,000 yuan to attend a university located in big cities like Sydney or Melbourne.

Useful link:www. students, idp. come

Tulips, windmills and wooden shoes: this was the image that once drew tourists. But Holland has more to offer.

Good news: From 2005, Holland and China started recognizing each other's education certificates. And from 2006, the government provides 4 million euros(欧元) for scholarships to Chinese students every year.

Concerns: Not many Chinese know about

Dutch education. Speaking Dutch sounds not easy.

Useful link:www. nesobeijing, com

Italy is getting a lot of attention this year in China, with the China-Italy Year. Its art, culture and fashion appeal to many.

Good news: China and Italy will recognize each other's educational certificates soon. Its government-funded universities are tuition free to international students.

Concerns :The language is a problem. Most classes are taught in Italy.

Useful link: www, studyinitaly, cn请阅读以下学位申请者的信息，然后匹配申请者和他/她拟要申请留学的国家：

Zhang Yuan has passed the IELTS and hopes to go to a foreign country for further study with easier access to visas and international environment, regardles of the tuition fee.

Li Hong can afford a tuition of about 200,000 yuan. She wishes to study in a foreign country with good climate and wishes to go on staying in the country after he finishes studying there.

Zhang Hua has passed the TOFEL and GRE. He wants to have more chances of getting scholarship to study in a foreign country.

Wang Ying doen’t have so much money and wishes to study art at a university in a foreign country as an international student.

Li Ming would like to take campus part-time jobs while studying in a foreign country and wishes to go on staying in the country after he finishes studying there

申请者申请留学的国家

46．Zhang YuanA．

7．Wang Ying B．

8．Li Ming C．

9．Li Hong D．

0．Zhang Hua E．

F．

四、写作（共两节，满分为40分）

第一节：基础写作（共1小题，满分15分）

目前，一些诸如GG, MM, Xia Mi 等网络语言在青少年中极为盛行，并且出现在家庭作业报告，甚至全国入学考试的作文中。 “Should Internet Slang Be Prohibited (禁止)？”，

网络语言生动、时

网络语言充满幽默与智慧

使网上聊天更快捷

汉语词语的丰富性和长远发展。网络语言缺乏思想性

没有被大部分人理解、接受

过多使用使人不解，甚至误解？

写作要求：

背景

讨论结果

你的看法

第二节：读写任务（共1小题，满分25分）

阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

A little boy is telling his grandma how “everything” is going wrong.School, family

problems，severe health problems, etc.Meanwhile, Grandma is baking a cake.She asks her grandson if he would like a cake, which, of course, he does.

“Here, have some cooking oil.”

“Terrible！” says the boy.

“How about a couple of raw eggs？”

“Terrible! Grandma！”

“Would you like some flour then? Or maybe baking soda？”

“Grandma, those are all awful！”

To which Grandma replies: “Yes, all those things seem bad by themselves, but when they are put together in the right way, they make a wonderfully delicious cake! Life works the same way.Many times we wonder why it would let us go through such bad and difficult times.But life knows that when it puts these things all in its order, they always work for good! The trials (考验) of life serve a meaningful purpose in making us stronger.Do not lose heart if life is not easy for you right now, but encourage yourself and know you will be much stronger mentally and physically because of the trials of life.”

【写作内容】

1．以约30个词概括这段短文的内容；

2．然后以约120个词以“Facing the Trials of Life”为题进行描述，内容包括：

(1) 你阅读短文后的感受；

(2) 简述你经历过的一次困难或考验；

(3) 你认为应当如何看待生活中的考验？

【写作要求】

1．在作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；

2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

2012年广东省高考压轴卷

英语参考答案

1---5 BADAC 6---10 CCABD 11---15 DBACD

After 17. Chatting 18. Who / that 19. Whether 20. In 21. Seemingly 22. The 23. Activities 24. Like 25. Are used

26---30 B D A BD 31---35 D A C D B 36---40 C D B B A

41---45 B A D D B 46---50 C E D F A

基础写作：

At present, Internet Slang, such as “GG, MM, Xia Mi”， has become popular among the teenagers students think Internet Slang is vivid, fashionable and full of humor and intelligence. Besides, they claimed that Internet slang makes chatting on the Internet quicker, enriches Chinese words, promote

long-term development of Chinese words as well. While 52% students think Internet Slang sometimes might make people confused, even misunderstand because of lacking depth of thought, disorganized Chinese grammar. 3% say it doesn't matter as long as we use it in proper situations.

In my opinion, living in the Information Age, if we don’t know the Internet Slang, we seem to fall behind the times.

广东省高考英语试题

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（广东卷）A 英语 本试卷共12页，三大题，满分135分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B 铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形 码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应 题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净 后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必 须写在答题卡各题目指定区域相应位置上；如需改动， 先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅 笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C 和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 We all know that some things are obviously right. For example, it is right to be 1 to other people.It is also right to look after the environment.

Some things are 2 wrong,too.For instance, we should not hurt or bully(欺负) others, nor should we litter. Rules often tell us what is right or wrong.. Rules can help the public make the right 3,and remain safe. Car drivers have to obey traffic regulations that tell them the right things to do on the road to avoid crashes. Cyclists who give signals before turning or stopping help prevent 4 . If people follow rules without taking other matters into consideration, it will be 5 for them to form what is sometiomes called a “black and white”view. For example, they may believe that people should always tell the truth, and that lying is 6 acceptable. Such people always stickt to their views,even if it means that they may get into 7. Sometimes it may not be so easy to know 8 what is right or wrong. Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is 9 to eat animals, but others argue that they can eat meat and 10 be kind to animals; some insist that stealing is always wrong,but others think that one does not need to feel to 11 when stealing some food to eat, if lives in a really poor area and he is 12. Rules help us live together in harmony, because they show us the right way to _13_ other .However,some people argue that rules may be __14_, having observed that rules change all the time , and that some schools have some regulations and other have different ones ----so who is to _15____ what is right ?

2015年-高考英语真题-广东卷及答案

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