2011年12月英语四级真题及答案详细解析绝对完整版

2011年12月大学英语四级真题

【试题完整版及答案完整版详解（包括听力原文详解）】

PartⅠ Writing (30 minutes)

Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will

PartⅡ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

Why Integrity Matters

What Is Integrity?

The key to integrity is consistency- not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each and every day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical (道德上的) standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.

What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse (缺失) of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus integrity must be one of our most important goals.

Risky Business

We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision, making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.

Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules a about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct, Ignorance is not a defense.

"But Everybody Does It"

Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it." "I'm not hurting anyone", or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm look at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I’m just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions and avoid excuses, if we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making - and that leads to bad decisions.

To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. If you'd rather hide your actions, that's an indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.

Evaluating Risks

To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immolate benefits and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of

getting caught are serious and may include a "O" on a test or assignment, an "F" in the class, suspension (暂令停学) or dismissal from school and a ruined reputation. In fact, when you break a role or law, you lose control over your life and give others the power to impose punishment that you have no control over. This is an extremely vulnerable (脆弱的) position. There may be some matters of life and death or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category.

Getting Away with it - Or Not

Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, which deprives (剥夺) him her of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-respect and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty and afraid of getting caught.

Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences. Cheating Hurts Other, Too

Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have an intense cumulative (累积的) effect. Cheating can spread like a disease. Recent statistics suggest 30％or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don't cheat I can't compete with those who do") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of goof teaching is seeing students learn. But a cheater says. "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach, all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the university and harm those who worked hard for their degree.

Why Integrity Marten

If cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others, if not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.

In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.

1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______.

A) sticks to them in their daily life B) makes them known to others

C) understands their true values D) sees that others also follow them

2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?

A) It helps to create team spirit B) It facilitates communication

C) It is the basis of mutual trust D) It inspires mutual respect

3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take？

A. To ensure we make responsible choices.

B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.

C. So that we don’t break any rules.

D. So that we don’t run into trouble.

4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _______?

A. it has caused no harm.

B. it is claimed to be unintentional.

C. it has gone unnoticed.

D. it is committed with good intentions.

5. What should one do if he doesn’t wish to fool himself?

A. Avoid making excuses.

B. Listen to other people’s advice.

C. Make his intensions public.

D. Have others watch over his shoulder.

6. Those who take risks they regret later on _______.

A. will often become more cautious

B. are usually very aggressive

C. value immediate benefits most.

D. may lose everything in the end

7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn’t get caught right away will _______.

A) pay more dearly B) become more confident

C) be widely admired D) feel somewhat lucky

8. Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how to __________.

9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on ___________.

10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of __________.

Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

Section A

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

11. A) Read the notice on the window. B) Go and ask the staff.

C) Get a new bus schedule. D) Board the bus to Cleveland.

12. A) He was looking forward to seeing the giraffes. B) He enjoyed watching the animal performance.

C) He got home too late to see the TV special. D) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.

13. A) She wants to take the most direct way. B) She may be late for the football game.

C) She is worried about missing her flight. D) She is currently caught in a traffic jam.

14. A) At a restaurant. B) In a fish shop. C) At a clinic. D) On a fishing boat.

15. A) He is an experienced sales manager. B) He is being interviewed for a job.

C) He is a close friend of the woman. D) He is good at answering tricky questions.

16. A) The man should consider his privacy first. B) The man will choose a low-rent apartment.

C) The man is not certain if he can find a quieter place. D) The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory.

17. A) The woman is going to make her topic more focused. B) The man and the woman are working on a joint project.

C) One should choose a broad topic for a research paper. D) It took a lot of time to get the man on the right track.

18. A) They went camping this time last year. B) They didn’t quite enjoy their last picnic.

C) They learned to cooperate under harsh conditions. D) They weren’t experienced in organizing picnics. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19. A) He likes Sweden better than England. B) He prefers hot weather to cold weather.

C) He is an Englishman living in Sweden D) He visits London nearly every winter.

20. A) The bad weather. B) The gloomy winter. C) The cold houses. D) The long night.

21. A) Delightful. B) Painful. C) Depressing. D) Refreshing.

22. A) They often stay up late reading. B) They work hard and play hard.

C) They like to go camping in summer. D) They try to earn more and spend more.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

23. A) English Literature. B) Management. C) French. D) Public Administration.

24. A) English teaching. B) Staff training C) Careers guidance. D) Psychological counseling.

25. A) Its generous scholarship. B) Its worldwide fame. C) Its well-designed courses. D) Its pleasant environment.

.Section B

Passage One

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

26. A) Characteristics of Japanese artists. B) Some features of Japanese culture.

C) The art of Japanese brush painting. D) The uniqueness of Japanese art.

27. A) To calm themselves down. B) To enhance concentration.

C) To show their impatience. D) To signal lack of interest.

28. A) How listeners in different cultures show respect. B) How speakers can win approval from the audience.

C) How speakers can misunderstand the audience. D) How different Western and Eastern art forms are. Passage Two

Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

29. A) Directing personnel evaluation. B) Buying and maintaining equipment.

C) Drawing up plans for in-service training. D) Interviewing and recruiting employees.

30. A) Some of his equipment was damaged in a fire. B) The training program he ran was a failure.

C) Two of his workers were injured at work. D) Two of his employees committed theft.

31. A) A better relationship with his boss. B) Advancement to a higher position.

C) A better-paying job in another company. D) Improvement in the company’s management.

32. A) She has more self-confidence than Chris. B) She works with Chris in the same division.

C) She has more management experience than Chris. D) She is competing with Chris for the new job. Passage Three

Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

33. A) They help us see the important values of culture. B) They guide us in handling human relationship.

C) They help us express ourselves more effectively. D) They are an infinite source of human knowledge.

34. A) Their wording may become different. B) The values they reflect may change.

C) Their origins can no longer be traced. D) They may be misinterpreted occasionally.

35. A) Certain values are shared by a large number of cultures. B) Some proverbs are assuming more and more importance.

C) Old proverbs are constantly replaced by new ones. D) Certain values have always been central to a culture. Section C

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

Our lives are woven together. As much as I enjoy my own (36) _c____, I no longer imagine I can get through a (37) ___s__ day much less all my life, (38) __c___ on my own. Even if I am on (39) ___v__ in the mountains, I am eating food someone else has grown, living in a house someone else has built, wearing clothes someone else has (40) _s____ from cloth woven by others, using (41) __e___ someone else is distributing to my house. (42)

__e___ of interdependence is everywhere; we are on this (43) _j____ together.

As I was growing up, (44) _irbcttininterwe__________________________________________________. “Make your own way”,” Stand on your own two feet” or my mother’s favorite remark when I was face-to-face with consequences of some action: Now that you’ve made your bed, lie on it. Total independence is a dominant thing in our culture. I imagine that (45) __w m p w t t t me w to t r f my a and m

c__________________________________________. But the teaching was shaped by our cultural imagines. And instead, I grew up believing that I was supposed to be totally independent and consequently became very reluctant to ask for help.

(46) ___i

wdaantbabandnrahfa_________________________________________________________________.

PartⅣ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

Section A

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

With the world's population estimated to grow from six to nine billion by 2050, researchers. businesses and governments are already dealing with the impact this increase will have on everything from food and water to infrastructure (基础设施) and jobs. Underling all this 47 will be the demand for energy, which is expected to double over the next 40 years.

Finding the resources to meet this demand in a __48__ sustainable way is the cornerstone (基石) of our nation's energy security, and will be one of the major __49__ of the 21st century. Alternative forms of energy- bio-fuels, wind and solar, to name a few are __50__ being funded and developed, and will play a growing __51__ in the world's energy supply. But experts say that even when __52__, alternative energy sources will likely meet only about 30% of the world's energy needs by 2050.

For example, even with __53__ investments, such as the $93 million for wind energy development __54__ in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, important alternative energy sources such as wind and bio-fuels __55__ only about 1% of the market today.

Energy and sustainability experts say the answer to our future energy needs will likely come from a lot of

__56__ both traditional and alternative.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A) stable

B) solutions

C) significant

D) role I) exactly

J)consist

K) comprise L) competitions

E) progress

F) marvelous

G) included

H) growth M) combined N) challenges O) certainly

Section B

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and involve them in activities such as art, dance and music.

Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity (阳刚), the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype. a US study says.

Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to conform to the "boy code" of hiding their emotions to be a "real man".

The findings of the study so against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.

Tony Little, headmaster of Eton, warned that boys were being faded by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.

The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.

But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys' learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the study's author, Abigail James, of the University of Virginia.

Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with "boy-focused" approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because boys generally have more acute vision learn best through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given "hands-on" lessons where they are allowed to walk around. "Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine (女性的) and prefer the modem genre (类型) in which violence and sexism are major themes, "James wrote.

Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype that men should be "masterful and in charge" in relationships. "In mixed schools boys feel compelled to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means, " the study reported.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

57. The author believes that a single-sex school would __________.

A) force boys to hide their emotions to be "real men" B) help to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys

C) encourage boys to express their emotions more freely D) naturally reinforce in boys the traditional image

of a man

58. It is commonly believed that in a mixed school boys __________.

A) Perform relatively better C) behave more responsibly

B) grow up more healthily D) receive a better education

59. What does Tony Little say about the British education system?

A) It fails more boys than girls academically. B) It focuses more on mixed school education.

C) It fails to give boys the attention they need. D) It places more pressure on boys than on girls.

60. According to Abigail James, one of the advantages of single-sex schools is __________.

A) teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys

B) boys can focus on their lessons without being distracted

C) boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in

D) teaching can be designed to promote boys' team spirit

61. Which of the following is characteristic of boys according to Abigail James' report?

A) They enjoy being in charge. C) They have sharper vision.

B) They conform to stereotypes. D) They are violent and sexist.

Passage Two

Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

It's an annual argument. Do we or do we not go on holiday? My partner says no because the boiler could go, or the roof fall off and we have no savings to save us. I say you only live once and we work hard and what's the point if you can't go on holiday. The joy of a recession means no argument next year - we just won't go.

Since money is known to be one of the things most likely to bring a relationship to its knees, we should be grateful. For many families the recession means more than not booking a holiday A YouGov poll of 2, 000 people found 22% said they were arguing more with their partners because of concerns about money. What's less clear is whether divorce and separation rates rise in a recession – financial pressures mean couples argue more but make splitting up less affordable. A recent research shows arguments about money were especially damaging to couples. Disputes were characterized by intense verbal (言语上的) aggression, tended to be repeated and not resolved and made men, more than women, extremely angry.

Kim Stephenson, an occupational psychologist, believes money is such a big deal because of what it symbolizes, which may be different things to men and women. "People can say the same things about money but have different ideas of what it's for." he explains. "They'll say it's to save to spend, for security, for freedom, to show someone you love them." He says men are more likely to see money as a way of buying status and of showing their parents that they've achieved something.

"The biggest problem is that couples assume each other know what's going on with their finances, but they don't. There seems to be more of a taboo (禁忌) about talking about money than about death. But you both need to know what you're doing, who's paying what into the joint account and how much you keep separately. In a healthy relationship, you don't have to agree about money, but you have to talk about it."

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答：

62. What does the author say about vacationing?

A) People enjoy it all the more during a recession. B) Few people can afford it without working hard.

C) It makes all the hard work worthwhile. D) It is the chief cause of family disputes.

63. What does the author mean by saying "money is known ... to bring a relationship to its knees"(Line 1, Para.

2)?

A) Money is considered to be the root of all evils. B) Some people sacrifice their dignity for money.

C) Few people can resist the temptation of money. D) Disputes over money may rain a relationship.

64. The YouGov poll of 2, 000 people indicates that in a recession __________.

A) conflicts between couples tend to rise B) it is more expensive for couples to split up

C) couples show more concern for each other D) divorce and separation rates increase

65. What does Kim Stephenson believe?

A) Money is often a symbol of a person's status. B) Money means a great deal to both and women.

C) Men and women spend money on different things. D) Men and women view money in different ways.

66. The author suggests at the end of the passage that couples should __________.

A) put their money together instead of keeping it separately

B) make efforts to reach agreement on their family budgets

C) discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship

D) avoid arguing about money matters to remain romantic

PartⅤ Cloze (15 minutes)

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

Employers fear they will be unable to recruit students with the skills they need as the economic recovery kicks in, a new survey __67__.

Nearly half of the organizations told researchers they were already struggling to find __68__ with skills in science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM). __69__ even more companies expect to experience __70__ of employees with STEM skills in the next three years.

The Confederation of British Industry __71__ businesses and organizations across the public and __72__ sectors, which together employ 2.4 million people.

Half are __73__ they will not be able to fill graduate posts in the coming years, while a third said they would not be able to __74__ enough employees with the right A-level skills.

"__75__ we move further role recovery and businesses plan __76__ growth, the demand for people with high-quality skills and qualifications will __77__," said Richard Lambert, Director General, CBI. "Firms say it is already hard to find people with the right __78__ or engineering skills. The new government must make it a top __79__ to encourage more young people to study science-related __80__."

The survey found that young people would improve their job prospects __81__ they studied business, maths, English and physics or chemistry at A-level. The A-levels that employers __82__ least are psychology and sociology. And while many employers don't insist on a __83__ degree subject. A third prefer to hire those with a STEM-related subject.

The research __84__ worries about the lack of progress in improving basic skills in the UK __85__. Half of the employer expressed worries about employees' basic literacy and numeracy（计算) skills, while the biggest problem is with IT skills,86two-thirds reported concerns.

67. A) submits B) reveals C) launches D) generates

68. A) audience B) officials C) partners D) staff

69. A) while B) because C) for D) although

70. A) exits B) shortages C) absences D) departures

71. A) surveyed B) searched C) exposed D) exploited

72. A) collective B) private C) personal D) civil

73. A) confronted B) conformed C) concerned D) confused

74. A) bind B) attain C) transfer D) recruit

75. A) Lest B) Unless C) Before D) As

76. A) with B) for C) on D) by

77. A) dominate B) stretch C) enforce D) intensify

78. A) creative B) technical C) narrative D) physical

79. A) priority B) option C) challenge D) judgment

80. A) procedures B) academics C) thoughts D) subjects

81. A) until B) since C) whereas D) if

82. A) rate B) discuss C) order D) observe

83. A) typical B particular C) positive D) general

84. A) highlighted B) prescribed C) focused D) touched

85. A) masses B) workforce C) faculty D) communities

86. A) what B) whom C) where D) why

Part Ⅳ Translation (5 minutes)

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。

87. Charity groups organized various activities to _____________ ___ (为地震

幸存者筹款)。

88. Linda ___________ _ (不可能收到我的电子邮件）：otherwise, she would have replied．

89. It's my mother ___________ _____ (一直在鼓励我不要灰心)when I have difficulties in

my studies．

90. The publishing house has to ______________ (考虑这部小说的

受欢迎程度)。

91. It is absolutely wrong to _________ ______ (仅仅以金钱

来定义幸福）。

2011年12月大学英语四级真题完整版答案解析

Part I Writing

【写作思路】

要求写一篇关于竞争的议论文。要求从以下几个方面阐述：竞争使人们充满创造力，使人们更有效率;竞争促使生产出更好的产品和提供更优质的服务;竞争促进了社会的进一步发展。

【参考范文】

Competition

Competition makes people more creative and effective. It urges them to plan better, to try harder, and to achieve more. With a desire to excel in their work, people tend to perform more creatively and more efficiently。

Competition helps produce better products and provide better services. In the present world of intense competition, every manufacture tries his best to outmatch his competitor by producing goods of

better quality at lower costs. As a result, consumers pay less and receive better service。

Competition promotes further development of society. If there were no competition, people would remain complacent and be unwilling to make any efforts or risk anything new. However, with fierce competition going on, they exert themselves to accomplish more. Their accomplishment will, in one way or another, contribute to the progress of society。

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

【答案解析】

1.【解析】[Y]根据第一段。

2. 【解析】[Y]根据earthquakes strikes in gap 的第一段判断。

3. 【解析】[Y]根据gaps used to predict quakes 中的最后一段最后一句判断正确。

4.【解析】[N]根据第十二段，Cows broke their halters and tried to escape. 并没有交代ran away from their sheds。

5. 【解析】[N]这里的cat 指的是cougar。

6. 【解析】[N]根据第十四段最后三句话，我们可以得出，并不是所有的动物都能感受到的。

7.【解析】[Y]参看第十五段。

8. 【解析】east根据第三段，But none had occurred in one particular spot east of Naples for many years。

9. 【解析】the seismic gap根据第七段，Finally, after about 50 years, rock in the seismic gap either suddenly breaks or moves under the great stress。

10.【解析】the danger zone/the prospective quake zone根据第十四段，They moved people away from the danger zone and saved thousands of lives. 如果能写出the prospective quake zone 也是可以的。

听力原文及详解

Part III Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

11.

W: This crazy bus schedule has got me completely confused. I can’t figure out when my bus to Cleveland leaves?

M: Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask?

Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?

12.

W: I really enjoyed the TV special about drafts last night. Did you get home in time to see it?

W: Oh, yes, but I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing.

Q: What does the man mean?

13.

W: Airport, please. I’m running a little late. So just take the fastest way even if it’s not the most direct.

M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game.

Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?

14.

W: May I make a recommendation, sir? Our seafood with this special sauce is very good.

M: Thank you, but I don’t eat shellfish. I’m allergic to it.

Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?

15. W: Now one more question if you don’t mind, what position in the company appeals to you most?

M: Well, I’d like the position of sales manager if that position is still vacant.

Q: What do we learn about the man?

16. M: I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.

W: I know what you mean. But check out the cost if renting an apartment first. I won’t be surprised if you change your mind.

Q: What does the woman imply?

17. M: You’re on the right track. I just think you need to narrow the topic down.

W: Yeah, you’re right. I always start by choosing two boarder topics when I’m doing a research paper.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

18. W: This picnic should beat the last one we went to, doesn’t it?

M: Oh, yeah, we had to spend the whole time inside. Good thing, the weather was cooperative this time. What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation?

Long Conversation

Conversation One

M: When I say I live in Sweden, people always want to know about the seasons.

W: The seasons?

M: Yeah, you know how cold it is in winter? What is it like when the days are so short?

W: So what is it like?

M: Well, it is cold, very cold in winter. Sometimes it is cold as 26 degrees below centigrade. And of course when you go out, you’ll wrap up warm. But inside in the houses it’s always very warm, much warmer than at home. Swedish people always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter.

W: And what about the darkness?

M: Well, yeah, around Christmas time there’s only one hour of daylight, so you really looks forward to the spring. It is sometimes a bit depressing. But you see the summers are amazing, from May to July in the North of Sweden the sun never sets. It’s still light in the midnight. You can walk in the mountains and read a newspaper.

W: Oh, yeah, the land of the midnight sun.

M: Yeah, that’s right, but it’s wonderful. You won’t stay up all night. And the Swedes makes most of it often they started work earlier in summer and then leave at about 2 or 3 in the afternoon, so that they can really enjoy the long summer evenings. They’d like to work hard, but play hard, too. I think Londoners work longer hours, but I’m not sure this is a good thing.

Q19: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?

Q20: What do Swedish people complain about when they visit England in winter?

Q21: How does the man describe the short hour of daylight around Christmas in Sweden?

Q21: What does the man say about the Swedish people?

Conversation Two

W: What kind of training does one need to go into this type of job?

M: That’s a very good question. I don’t think there is any, specifically.

W: For example, in your case, what was your educational background?

M: Well, I did a degree in French at Nottingham. After that, I did careers work in secondary schools like the careers guidance people. Here is in the university. Then I went into local government because I found I was more interested in the administrative side. Then progressed on to universities. So there wasn’t any plan and there was no specific training. There are plenty of training courses in management techniques and committee work which you can attend now.

W: But in the first place, you did a French degree.

M: In my time, there wasn’t a degree you could do for administration. I think most of the administrators I’ve come across have degrees and all sorts of things.

W: Well, I know in my case, I did an English literature degree and I didn’t really expect to end up doing what I am doing now.

M: Quite.

W: But you are local to Nottingham, actually? Is there any reason why you went to Nottingham University? M: No, no, I come from the north of England, from west Yorkshire. Nottingham was one of the universities I put on my list. And I like the look of it. The campus is just beautiful.

W: Yes, indeed. Let’s see. Were you from the industrial part of Yorkshire?

M: Yes, from the Woolen District.

Q23. What was the man’s major at university?

Q24: What was the man’s job in secondary schools?

Q25: What attracted the man to Nottingham University?

Section B

Passage One

While Gail Obcamp, an American artist was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included visitors from Japan, she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners have their eyes closed. Were they tuned off because an American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form or they deliberately tried to signal their rejection of her? Obcamp later found out that her listeners were not being disrespectful. Japanese listeners sometimes closed their eyes to enhance concentration. Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words. Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation involving people from other countries or members of minority group in North America. Learning how different cultures signal respect can help you avoid misunderstandings. Here are some examples. In the deaf culture of North America, many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air. In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North America, listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker. Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but avoiding direct eye contact. In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult.

Questions:

26, What did Obcamp’s speech focus on?

27, Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while listening to a speech?

28, What does the speaker try to explain?

Passage Two

Chris is in charge of purchasing and maintaining equipment in his Division at Taxlong Company. He is soon going to have an evaluation interview with his supervisor and the personnel director to discuss the work he has done in the past year. Salary, promotion and plans for the coming year will also be discussed at the meeting. Chris has made several changes for his Division in the past year. First, he bought new

equipment for one of the departments. He has been particularly happy about the new equipment because many of the employees have told him how much it has helped them. Along with improving the equipment, Chris began a program to train employees to use equipment better and do simple maintenance themselves. The training saved time for the employees and money for the company. Unfortunately, one serious problem developed during the year. Two employees the Chris hired were stealing, and he had to fire them. Chris knows that a new job for a purchasing and maintenance manager for the whole company will be open in a few months, and he would like to be promoted to the job. Chris knows, however, that someone else wants that new job, too. Kim is in charge of purchasing and maintenance in another Division of the company. She has also made several changes over the year. Chris knows that his boss likes Kim’s work, and he expects that his work will be compared with hers.

Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

29. What is Chris’s main responsibility at Taxlong Company?

30. What problem did Chris encounter in his Division?

31. What does Chris hope for in the near future?

32. What do we learn about Kim from the passage?

Passage Three

Proverbs, sometimes called sayings, are examples of folk wisdom. They are little lessons which older people of a culture pass down to the younger people to teach them about life. Many proverbs remind people of the values that are important in the culture. Values teach people how to act, what is right, and what is wrong. Because the values of each culture are different, understanding the values of another culture helps explain how people think and act. Understanding your own culture values is important too. If you can accept that people from other cultures act according to their values, not yours, getting along with them will be much easier. Many proverbs are very old. So some of the values they teach may not be as important in the culture as they once were. For example, Americans today do not pay much attention to the proverb “Haste makes waste”, because patience is not important to them. But if you know about past values, it helps you to understand the present and many of the older values are still strong today. Benjamin Franklin, a famous American diplomat, writer and scientist, died in 1790, but his proverb “Time is money” is taken more seriously by Americans of today than ever before. A study of proverbs from around the world shows that some values are shared by many cultures. In many cases though, the same idea is expressed differently. Questions 33- 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

33. Why are proverbs so important?

34. According to the speaker what happens to some proverbs with the passage of time?

35 What do we learn from the study of proverbs from around the world?

Section C

Compound Dictation

Our lives are woven together. As much as I enjoy my own company, I no longer imagine I can get through a single day much less all my life completely on my own. Even if I am on vacation in the mountains, I am eating food someone else has grown, living in a house someone else has built, wearing clothes someone else has sewn from cloth woven by others, using electricity someone else is distributing to my house. Evidence of interdependence is everywhere; we are on this journey together.

As I was growing up, I remember being carefully taught that independence not interdependence was everything. “Make your own way”,” Stand on your own two feet” or my mother’s favorite remark when I was face-to-face with consequences of some action: Now that you’ve made your bed, lie on it.

Total independence is a dominant thing in our culture. I imagine that what my parents were trying to teach

me was to take responsibilities for my actions and my choices. But the teaching was shaped by our cultural imagines. And instead, I grew up believing that I was supposed to be totally independent and consequently became very reluctant to ask for help. I would do almost anything not to be a burden, and not require any help from anybody.

听力详解

11【解析】[A]女士不同意男士的看法，她认为是清洗窗户的工人在楼上工作弄出的噪音。所以，答案应为from upstairs。

12. 【解析】[D]女士建议说：如果你不着急的话我想最好的方式是乘长途汽车去。the best way is to take the coach。

13【解析】[A]女士问：Susan难道不是个漂亮的新娘吗?男士说：她确实是个漂亮新娘，Mark看上去也很幸福，他跟我说他们将要去Florida 度蜜月。很显然，这段对话发生在婚礼上。

14[B]男士说：球赛本该在2：30开始的，但是迟了15分钟。所以球赛开始于2：45。本题关键在于听出 be supposed to以及be delayed。

15【解析】[C]女士说：她做的那个报告超过50页了，男士说：天哪!由此可见，男士对女士所做的报告的长度感到惊讶。

16. 【解析】[B]男士问：Janet对野营很感兴趣吧?女士说：是的，她常一去数周。因此Janet 喜欢做长途的野营旅行。

17. 【解析】[C]此为推理题，从女士的话中做个简单的推理，女士说：我看见他的兄弟Johnson在图书馆和Cindy一起学习。所以找Johnson的男士是 Johnson’s brother。

18. 【解析】[B]男士说：我那时吓坏了，但是一点儿也没伤着。因此答案为He was unharmed。

Now you’ll hear two long conversations.

19. 【解析】[A]女士正在考虑下学年是住在宿舍还是住在校外的问题。所以两个说话人讨论的是下学年住在哪儿的问题。

20【解析】[C]很显然，男学生已经交了住宿费用，询问女生是否已交，女生在犹豫下学期是住宿舍还是住外面，所以，显然两人都是学生。

21【解析】[B]对话开头就交代了能够在学校里住宿舍的条件，就是到住宿办公室交住宿费。Take some money to the housing office。

22【解析】[D]女生最主要的不想住宿舍的原因是什么?This dorm is just so noisy that I can　t get anything done. 从这里可以看出她不想住宿舍是因为宿舍太吵。

23【解析】[C]从女生的话Aren’t you glad the semester’s over中可知，这是个学期的期末。

24【解析】[D]这题关键在于听出the rock concert, 两个人打算去听摇滚音乐会。

25【解析】[B]Ellen 必须自己买票，因为Bob没有太多的钱。

26【解析】[D]短文中女士希望商场尽快把商品寄到家里。I asked them to deliver the things as soon as possible从此句中可以看出。

27【解析】[D]这位女士打开箱子看到寄来的物品时非常生气，文章中有直接表达的句子，you can just imagine how angry I was.

28【解析】[A]最终的结果就是两周之后，那家商场的人既没有来取走寄错的物品也没有把这位女士定的其余的物品寄来。短文最后一句就是答案。They have neither picked up the wrong items nor sent me the rest of my order.

29【解析】[C]研究者最近发现适量的饮酒可以使人变老时，保持智慧。A moderate amount of alcohol may help us keep our mental abilities as we age。

30【解析】[B]So moderate drinkers may want to toast new findings from researchers at Duke, Indiana Universities. 本题要听出关键词toast,为敬酒祝贺之意。即适量饮酒者会为这个新发现举酒庆祝，所以他们当然是高兴的。

31【解析】[A]从这一句This study was presented at an alcoholism meeting in San Antonio。可知这个结果

是在一个会议上首次展示出来的。关键词在于meeting。

32【解析】[A]听完全文可以得知这个家庭还未决定好去哪里度假。所以正确答案为They haven　t reached a decision yet.

33【解析】[A]从短文中这一段可以看出答案。As we returned, we heard our daughter Susie cry out and then we saw a bear enter our camp，因此显然是女儿Susie先看到了熊。

34【解析】[B]他们站在外面一直在讨论该怎么对付这只熊，但最终什么都没做。因此，正确答案为They stayed outside the tent and did nothing。

35【解析】[D]We watched the bear enter the tent and heard him upset everything inside。关键词在upset, 意为“颠覆、翻倒”。熊把帐篷里的东西弄得乱七八糟

36【答案】professional【解析】professional意为“专业的，职业的”。迈克尔?乔丹是美国NBA职业篮球运动员

37.【答案】championships【解析】championships 意为“冠军”。他带领芝加哥公牛队赢了五届NBA冠军。

38.【答案】raised【解析】raise意为“养育，抚养”。他在北卡罗来纳长大。

39.【答案】1984【解析】他在1984年加入芝加哥公牛队参加NBA球赛。

40.【答案】season【解析】season 意为“季节”。他以球队中最佳得分运动员之一结束了他第一季度的比赛。

41.【答案】scorers【解析】scorer意为“得分运动员”。他以球队中最佳得分运动员之一结束了他第一季度的比赛。

42.【答案】average【解析】average意为“平均”。平均每场球赛得分28.2分。

43.【答案】appearances【解析】appearances意为“露面”。他也在他的八次全明星赛中首次亮相。

44.【答案】He became the Chicago Bull’s all-time leading scorer

45.【答案】With Jordan, the Bulls won again in 1992, 1993, 1996 and 1997

46. 【答案】known as the worldwide celebrity due to his success in the NBA and the Olympics, and his numerous commercial endorsements.

Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)

Section A

【全文翻译】

美国人如何看待食物呢?我们爱吃，但是过后会觉得内疚。我们说我们只要最好的，但是却热衷于享受垃圾食品;我们很重视健康和减肥，但是肥胖却又空前地在蔓延。也许，这种矛盾源于我们的历史。首批来到这个大陆的欧洲人是为了寻找新的香料，但却一无所获;首种经济作物不是用来吃的，而是用来吸得。那时，旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，实际上却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒。

移民的经历也与此有内在的关系。入乡随俗意味着要吃“典型的美国人”的饮食，但是美国的食物已经被诸如比萨或者热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了。美国最珍贵的一些烹饪来自于戴着镣铐而来的人们。

无论是在波士顿倾茶事件中，还是在南部午餐柜台前的静坐中，食物都曾被用来作为界定斗争的一种手段，这也许是不足为奇的。无论是出于宗教原因而戒酒，还是由于政治避难而戒肉，这都与我们的健康甚至是道德的观念相一致。

但是，这些坚定的观点并不是确定不变的。美国人对他们所吃的食物的态度是矛盾的。我们怀疑我们的食物，特别是当我们更清楚地了解了它们的成分时。

对食物的信仰一直存在于美国人的意识之中。第一个感恩节就把美国人的想象力束缚在食物之中，束缚在我们与朋友对它的分享之中，这并不是偶然的。

【答案解析】

47. 【解析】[D] feel是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以及后面介词about, 可以确定选项为D项guilty, 短语feel guilty about sth. “对……感到有愧”。全句的意思为“我们很爱吃，但是往往在吃完之后又有负罪感”。

48.【解析】[M] be obsessed with 为固定搭配，原意为“被……附上/缠住/迷住心窍”，放在本句表示“十

分重视”。全句的意思为“我们很重视健康和减肥，但肥胖却又空前地在蔓延”。

49.【解析】[A]本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词to的搭配，可以推断出正确选项answer。

50.【解析】[I]本句根据more和ways可以判断出需要填入一个形容词构成比较级，根据上下文，表示“旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒”，可以确定I为正确选项。

51. 【解析】[F]本题较难。根据be 和by 确定应填入一个过去分词。再根据上下文，上文表示“应该吃典型的美国人吃的食物”，下文通过 but 转折，表示实际上“美国的食物已经被诸如比萨和热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了”，因此可以确定F为正确选项。

52.【解析】[B]政治结果，可根据宗教原因religious reasons来推断此处填政治结果。

53.【解析】[L]由于横线后面没有宾语，可以确定不是形成bring的短语，这样本句所缺的为一名词，作bring的宾语。根据下文解释，“美国人对他们所吃的食物的态度是矛盾的”，可以推出本句意思为“坚定的观点也不是确定不变的”。因此可以确定L为正确选项。

54.【解析】[K]系动词become后应填入一个形容词，和后面介词of形成短语be/become suspicious of “对……感到怀疑”。

55.【解析】[J]本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词in的搭配，可以推断出正确选项belief，(have)belief in sth。“ 相信……”。

56.【解析】[C]本句是一般现在时，缺一个动词，且和with 搭配，确定选项share, share sth. with sb., “与某人分享某事”。

Section B

Passage One

【全文翻译】

欧洲南部的妇女在10和11世纪时享有较高的社会地位，这并未获得广泛认识。作为一个妻子，女性的地位受到其嫁妆的保护。诚然，嫁妆最初的目的是防止女性被抛弃;但是，它在当时家庭和社会现实生活中起着更重要的作用。妻子的嫁妆使她有权获得其丈夫十分之一的财物。妻子有权利拒绝丈夫所做的任何交易，但这不仅仅只是一项权利而已;文件表明她与丈夫一样平等地享有真正的决定权。文件没有表明丈夫和妻子在法律地位上有任何差别。

妻子享有管理丈夫私人财产的权利，但是反之则不然。如果丈夫要越权侵犯她们的利益，女性们会时刻准备着捍卫自己的利益，有时她们还会表现出一种坚强的斗争精神。Maria Vivas就是一个典型的例子。为了家庭的需要，她同意其丈夫Miro出售一块属于她的土地，但是她坚持要求获得补偿。但是丈夫没有给她提供补偿，于是她把丈夫拖到一个文书处，起草了一份合同，成功地把他丈夫的一块私人土地划归自己。正如合同所写的，“为了和平”，这个不幸的丈夫不得不同意。要么借助嫁妆，要么通过发脾气，妻子知道如何在家庭中为自己赢得强大的经济地位。

57. 【解析】[C]推断题。本文介绍了欧洲南部10和11世纪嫁妆对女性在婚姻中地位的重要性。虽然嫁妆最初的目的是防止女性被抛弃，但实际上它的作用远远不止于此。它使妻子在婚姻中的地位与丈夫平等，并保障了妻子的经济利益。女性在维护自己的利益上，是很坚定果敢的，Maria Vivas就是一个例子。见第一段第三句，“Admittedly, the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of desertion.。.”，虽然在实际生活中嫁妆有更重要的作用，但最初它的作用只是为了防范女性被丈夫抛弃，所以C为正确答案。

58.【解析】[D]细节题。根据本文，妻子在婚姻中的法律地位和丈夫是平等的。见第一段最后一句，“In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife”文件中并没有表明丈夫和妻子在法律地位上有任何的差别，也就是说他们的地位是平等的，所以D为正确答案。

59.【解析】[B]推断题。作者举Maria Vivas的事例，是为了说明妻子是能够捍卫自己的利益的。见第二段第二句，“Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance...they showed a fine fighting spirit。”如果丈夫要侵占自己的利益，女性们就时刻准备着捍卫自己的利益，有时她们还表现出很强的斗争精神。接下来作者就举了Maria Vivas的例子，说明女性是有能力捍卫自己的利益的。所以B为正确答案。

60.【解析】[A]细节题。Maria Vivas得到的一份作为补偿的土地，本来是属于Miro的个人财产。见第二段第五句，“None being offered, she succeeded in... assigning her a piece of land from Miro　s

personal inheritance”由此知A为正确答案。

61.【解析】[D]推断题。作者对Maria Vivas所持的态度是客观的。作者客观地介绍了Maria Vivas的

事例，并没有表示出同情、不满或者是漠不关心，所以A、B、C都是错误答案

Passage Two

【全文翻译】

社会学家认为，有几种不同的方法可以使人成为某个社会群体公认的领导者。在家庭生活中，传统的

文化模式赋予父母一方或者双方领导的地位。在其他情况下，比如友谊团体，尽管没有正式的选举程序，

一个或更多的人会逐渐地成为领导。在比较大的群体中，领导者通常是通过正式的选举或招募的形式产生

的。

虽然通常认为领导具有人不同寻常的个人能力，数十年的研究未能找出可靠的证据来证明那些人是

“天生的领导者”。看起来似乎没有所有的领导都具有的固定的个人品格;相反，只要具有适合某个特别群体

所需要的品质，几乎任何人都可以成为其领导。

研究表明，通常不同的人会充当两种不同的领导角色。指导型领导注重社会群体目标的实现。群体成

员期望指导型领导人“把事情搞定”。另一方面，表现型领导则强调社会群体成员的集体幸福。表现型领

导并不侧重于群体目标的实现，而是注重为群体成员提供情感支持，并尽力减少内部的紧张和纷争。

指导型领导与其他的群体成员之间的关系可能是相当次要的。他们可能会约束阻止实现群体目标的成

员的行为。表现型领导则与群体其他成员之间建立了一种更私人的或者相当重要的关系。当有人经历过困

难时，他们表示同情，并设法解决危及群体分裂的问题。正如这两种不同角色所表明的那样：表现型领导

一般会从群体成员那里获得更多的个人感情;而指导型领导，如果他们能成功地实现群体的目标，可能会获

得更广泛的尊重。

【答案解析】

62.【解析】[D]主旨题。本篇主要讨论不同的领导者(如instrumental leaders以及expressive leaders)在

不同的社会群体中所充当的角色和发挥的功能。所以D为正确答案。A、B、C选项都不能正确概括本文主

旨。

63.【解析】[C]细节题。A选项的招募(recruitment)和B选项选举程序(election process)都在第一段中作

为大群体的领导者产生的方式被明确提到。D选项也在第一段中作为家庭领导者的产生的方式被明确提到。

只有C选项没有作为产生领导者的一种方式在本文中被提及。

64.【解析】[A]推断题。A选项意思是：某一特定群体的有效领导者，不一定就可以成为另一群体的

有效领导者。这正好与第二段的意思相吻合，即领导者没有一个固定的特点，只是符合了一个特定群体需

要的人就有可能成为该群体的领导者(It seems...virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group)。B选项和C选项的意思与本文无关。D选

项意为：许多人想成为领导者，但却很少能拿出证据来证明他们具有这样的资格。显然是对文章意思的曲

解。

65.【解析】[B]细节题。第二段中“...decades of research have failed to produce consistentevidence that there is any category of ‘natural leaders’”意思是说数十年来的研究并不能找出可靠证据来证明哪些人可以

成为“天生领导者”，与B项意思一致。

66.【解析】[D]细节题。第三、四段主要讲了两种类型的领导者的区别。其中instrumental leader侧重

于群体目标的实现，而expressive leader相对于前者并不侧重于群体目标的实现，而是注重为群体成员提供

情感支持，并尽力减少内部纷争。(Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing

emotional support to group members and attempting to minimizetension and conflict among them。)

Part ⅤCloze

【全文翻译】

如果你计划明天开始一个新的工作，你的一些基本的优缺点也会与你同行。成功或失败在很大的程度

上取决于你是否能够扬长避短。最重要的是你的态度。如果一个刚刚开始工作的人就深信自己不会喜欢或

者肯定不适应这项工作，那么妨碍他成功的缺点就暴露出来了。另一方面，如果一个人确信他可能会与其他人一样有能力完成这项工作，并心甘情愿地去尝试，他就具有了某种目的性的优势。很可能他会做得很好。具有某一工作的必要技能是一种优势，而缺乏这些技能显然就会处于劣势。一个记账员不会计数，或者一个木匠不能用锯子切割出一条直线，这都是令人绝望的例子。本书的目的是帮助你发挥自己的优势，克服自己学习中的劣势。但是为了你的发展，你必须要清楚自己现在的位置。随着书中内容的进一步深入，我们将详细论述发展和加强学习技能的具体过程。但是，首先，你应该停下来，去审视一下自己目前在以下三个方面存在的优点和缺点，这三个方面对你学业的成功或失败至关重要：态度、阅读和沟通的技巧、学习习惯。

【答案解析】

67. 【解析】[C]本句的意思是“成功或失败在很大程度上取决于你是否能扬长避短。”improvement改进;victory胜利;achievement成果，成就。这三个词都不合题意，只有[C]failure“失败”最合适。

68.【解析】[A]to a great extent是固定短语，意思是“很大程度上”，符合题意。类似的说法还有：to a large extent,to some extent, to an extent, to a certain extent, to that extent, to the extent of...。the, some, certain都不能与great extent搭配。

69.【解析】[B]on与前面的depend构成本句谓语。

70.【解析】[B]of与名词连用，表示具有某种性质、状态，作表语。置于句首，表示强调。正常语序为：Your attitude is of the utmost importance。

71.【解析】[A]person后应当是定语从句，“开始工作的那个人”。

72.【解析】[C]本句的意思是“如果一个刚刚开始工作的人就深信自己不会喜欢或肯定不适应这项工作，那么阻碍他成功的缺点就暴露出来了。”or后面省略了主语he。ensure保证;certain肯定的(只能用于it作主语的句子里);surely确实地;sure肯定的。

73.【解析】[D]in one’s belief相信。其他选项都不能与belief搭配。

74.【解析】[C]capable of doing是固定搭配，意为“能够干什么”。

75.【解析】[D]attempt用作名词，后接介词at，意为“试图，努力”;如果后面接介词on，表示攻击的意思。其他两项都不能与attempt搭配。

76.【解析】[C]本句的意思是“具有某一工作的必要技能是一个优势”，此处应填句子的主语，故选动名词having。

77. 【解析】[D]本句主语是A book keeper or carpenter...。根据主谓一致原则，其谓语应当用单数is，而不是复数are。being, been都是分词，应该排除。

78.【解析】[D]on与前面的capitalize搭配，表示“利用”。作不定式help的补语。其他选项不能与capitalize搭配。

79.【解析】[B]本句的意思是“克服缺点”，应选weakness(缺点，弱点)。idea观点;strength优点;advantage 优势。

80.【解析】[B]固定短语take stock of，意为“对……估价，对……作出判断”。

81.【解析】[A]本句的意思是：“随着更深入的阅读”，从语法角度，此处应填关联词。四个选项中，只有as能用作关联词。

82.【解析】[D]选项A、B、C分别是deal(处理，论述，涉及)的原形、过去分词及被动语态。根据语法和语义，此处应填将来进行时，意思是“随着书中内容的进一步深入，我们将详细论述发展和加强学习技能的具体过程。”

83.【解析】[C]根据上下文，这里应当指“学习技能”。

84.【解析】[B]固定短语to begin with，意为“首先，第一”，常用作插入语。

85.【解析】[A]谓语动词pause后，examine又是动词原形，所以这里应当选to，可构成动词不定式，作目的状语。其余选项都是介词，不合题意。

86.【解析】[C]本句对全文进行总结概括，与文章的第三句相呼应，Of the utmost importance is your attitude故选attitude。

Part Ⅵ Translation

87.【答案】not so much a writer

88.【答案】play indispensable roles

89.【答案】so that it could be conducted smoothly

90.【答案】is twice as expensive as it was a few years ago

91.【答案】has a strong influence on

历年英语四级真题及答案详解

2009年6月英语四级考试真题与答案真题： Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: F or this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ 2. 也会带来一些问题 3. 你的看法？ Free admission to museums Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the

sentences with the information given in the passage. How Do You See Diversity? As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. “It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different” behavior was simply a cultural misunde rstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes. “I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.” Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive

大学英语四级真题及答案第三套

2017年12月大学英语四级真题及答案(第三套) Part I Writing (25 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay onhow to best handle the relationshop between teachers and students. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather.

大学英语四级第套真题试卷及答案

2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案 (第一套) Part I Writing (25 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Questions 1 to 2 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1. A) The man in the car was absent-minded. B) The test driver made a wrong judgement. C) The self-driving system was faulty. D) The car was moving at a fast speed. 2. A) They have done better than conventional cars. B) They have caused several severe crashes. C) They have posed a threat to other drivers. D) They have generally done quite well. Questions 3 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 3. A) He works at a national park. B) He is a queen been specialist. C) He removed the beyond from the boot.

英语四级真题及答案卷三

英语四级真题及答案卷 三 SANY标准化小组 #QS8QHH-HHGX8Q8-GNHHJ8-HHMHGN#

2017年12月英语四级真题 Part I Writing(25 minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between parents and should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension(25 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section,you will hear three news the end of each news report,you will hear two or three the news report and the questions will be spoken only you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

大学英语四级考试真题及答案(完整版)

大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ 2. 也会带来一些问题 3. 你的看法？ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. How Do You See Diversity? As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. “It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different” behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes. “I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.” Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions . Hire Advantage At a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .

英语四级真题及答案

2017年6月英语四级真题 作文一： For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on the way people communicate and then explain whether electronic communication can replace face-to-face contact.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. “Dear Andy-How are you? Your mother and I are fine.We both miss you and hope you are doing well.We look forward to seeing you again the nest time your computer crashes and you come down-stairs for something to eat,Love,Mom and Dad.” 作文二： For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on learning and then explain why doesn’t simply mean learning to obtain information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

2014-2019历年大学英语四级真题及答案

2014-2019历年大学英语四级真题及答案 2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题 Part I Writing （30 minutes） Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit China, what is the first place you would like to take him/her to see and why? Part II Listening Comprehension （30 minutes） Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 1. A）The man should visit the museums. B）She can’t stand the hot weather. C）The beach resort is a good choice. D）She enjoys staying in Washington. 2. A）Her new responsibilities in the company. B）What her job prospects are. C）What the customers’ feedbac k is. D）The director’s opinion of her work. 3. A）Combine her training with dieting. B）Repeat the training every three days. C）Avoid excessive physical training. D）Include weightlifting in the program. 4. A）When she will return home. B）Whether she can go by herself. C）Whether she can travel by air. D）When she will completely recover. 5. A）The woman knows how to deal with the police. B）The woman had been fined many times before. C）The woman had violated traffic regulations. D）The woman is good at finding excuses. 6. A）Switch off the refrigerator for a while. B）Have someone repair the refrigerator. C）Ask the man to fix the refrigerator. D）Buy a refrigerator of better quality. 7. A）He owns a piece of land in the downtown area. B）He has got enough money to buy a house. C）He can finally do what he has dreamed of. D）He is moving into a bigger apartment. 8. A）She is black and blue all over. B）She has to go to see a doctor. C）She stayed away from work for a few days. D）She got hurt in an accident yesterday.

大学英语四级考试真题及答案完整版

精品文档 2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（完整版） 来源：文都教育 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why? 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1. A) See a doctor about her strained shoulder. B) Use a ladder to help her reach the tea. C) Replace the cupboard with a new one. D) Place the tea on a lower shelf next time. 2. A) At Mary Johnson's. C) In an exhibition hall. B) At a painter's studio. D) Outside an art gallery. 3. A) The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience. B) She does not quite agree with what the man said. C) The man had better talk with the students himself. D) New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation. 4. A) He helped Doris build up the furniture. B) Doris helped him arrange the furniture.

2018年大学英语四级真题答案及解析68632

2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第1套) Part I Writing （30 minutes） Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on the importance of reading ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1.A) The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter. B) A New Hampshire man's joke with friends on his wife. C) A father's message for his daughter. D) The history of a century-old motel. 2. A) She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness. B) She wanted to honor her father's promise. C) She had been asked by her father to do so. D) She was excited to see her father's handwriting. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) People were concerned about the number of bees. B) Several cases of Zika disease had been identified. C) Two million bees were infected with disease. D) Zika virus had destroyed some bee farms. 4. A) It apologized to its customers. B) It was forced to kill its bees. C) It lost a huge stock of bees. D) It lost 2.5 million dollars. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. A) It stayed in the air for about two hours. B) It took off and landed on a football field. C) It proved to be of high commercial value. D) It made a series of sharp turns in the sky. 6. A) Engineering problems. B) The air pollution it produced.

大学英语四级真题及答案.doc

大学英语四级真题及答案( 多套题及翻译） CET4 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 目一：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your campus, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why? 假你的一位外国朋友来参你的校园，你最感趣的地方想他/ 她去看 ?什么 ? 目二：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why? 假你的一位外国朋友来参你的家，你最感趣的地方想他/ 她去看 ?什么 ? 目三：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit China, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why? 假你的一位外国朋友来参中国，你最感趣的地方想他/ 她去看 ?什么 ? Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分在答卡 1 上作答。 1.A. See a doctor about her strained shoulder a ladder to help her reach the tea. the cupboard with a new one. the tea on a lower shelf next time. 1. W: I can’t seem to reach the tea at the back of the cupboard 。 M: Oh? Why don’t you use the ladder? You might strain your shoulder 。 Q: What does the man suggest the woman do? 2. A. At Mary Johnson’s B. In an exhibition hall C. At a painter’s studio. D. Outside an art gallery. 2. W: Since it’s raining so hard, let’s go and see the new exhibits 。 M: That ’s a good idea. Mary Johnson is one of my favorite painters 。 Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?

2017年12英语四级真题及答案

Part II Listening Comprehension(25 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section,you will hear three news the end of each news report,you will hear two or three the news report and the questions will be spoken only you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather. B) Her little brother. D) Her grandmother. 2. A)By taking pictures for passers-by. C)By selling lemonade and pictures. B)By working part time at a hospital. D)By asking for help on social media. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) Finding cheaper ways of highway construction. B) Generating electric power for passing vehicles. C) Providing clean energy to five million people. D) Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel. 4. A)They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements. B)They can be laid right on top of existing highways. C)They are only about half an inch thick. D)They are made from cheap materials. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. A) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research.

大学英语四级考试真题试卷及答案

大学英语四级考试真题 试卷及答案 文档编制序号：[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]

2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题试卷(一)及答案 Part Ⅰ Writing ? ?? （30minutes）(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions：For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (25minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news reports and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1.A) How college students can improve their sleep habits. B) Why sufficient sleep is important for college students. C) Why college students are more likely to have stress problems.