不定式和动名词的区别

不定式和动名词的区别和联系

1）动名词与不定式的区别：

动名词表达的是：状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的

不定式表达的是：目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的

不定式与动名词都可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,但用法不尽相同。

一、作主语

一般情况下,不定式与动名词作主语可以互换,也常常可以用it充当形式主语,而把不定式和动名词放在句子的后半部分。但二者也有区别,不定式常常指某次具体的、将要发生的行为;而动名词则表示一般的、抽象的

行为。例如:

To save money now is not easy. 现在攒钱不容易。

Saving money is a good habit. 攒钱是个好习惯。

[真题回放]

1. ________ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.

A. Exposed

B. Having exposed

C. Being exposed

D. After being exposed

二、作宾语

有些动词后只能跟不定式作宾语,不能跟动名词作宾语;有些动词后常跟动名词作宾语,不能跟不定式作

宾语;有些动词后跟不定式和动名词作宾语皆可,但意思不同，另外还要熟记下面几点:

1)下列短语中的to是介词,其后跟动名词,不跟不定式。

be(get) used to习惯于;look forward to盼望;pay attention to注意;get down to开始认真做;lead to

通向、导致;prefer doing ... to doing ...宁愿做……而不愿做……;stick to坚持;devote one’s life(time, oneself) to献身于、致力于;object to反对;in addition to ...除……之外;on the way to ...在去……的路上、正要成为……;等等。

2)不定式除可用在except, but, besides等后作宾语之外,一般不用作介词宾语。此时,不定式能否省略to,取决于其前是否有行为动词do或其相应形式。有则省略,无则不能省略。例如:

She did nothing but wash some clothes that day. 那天她除了洗一些衣服之外什么也没做。

We had no choice except to walk home. 除了走着回家我们别无选择。

3) 动名词除了其一般式doing,还有完成式having done以及一般式的被动形式being done和完成式的被动形式having been done;动名词前可以加上逻辑主语,构成动名词的复合结构:sb.’s doing。例如:

I’m sorry for not having kept my promise.非常抱歉,我没能遵守诺言。(not having kept my promise 发生在am sorry之前)

Do you mind Mary being left alone at home?你介意玛丽被单独一个人留在家里吗?

4) 不定式的完成式to have done表示在谓语动词之前已经发生的动作,而不定式的一般式to do表示动作将要发生。不定式还有其被动形式:to be done(表示将来的被动动作)和to have been done(表示过去的被动动作)。

三、作表语

不定式与动名词作表语时的区别与作主语时相同。例如:

My job is teaching English. 我的工作是教英语。(泛指,多次性抽象行为)

Your task is to go and help the farmers.你的工作是去帮助那些农民。(特指,一次性具体行为)

四、作定语

不定式多为后置定语,动名词多为前置定语;不定式多表示将来的动作,动名词只能表示事物的属性、用途等。例如:

He is looking for a room to live in.他正在找一间房子去住。

Take these sleeping pills and you’ll sleep better. 吃了这种安眠药,你会睡得更好。

注意:不定式作定语时通常与其前的名词(代词)构成动宾关系。如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词,其后通常要加上相应的介词。例如:

Please give me a knife with which to cut.

2)在下列情况下，一般要用不定式：

①hate, like, love前有would(should)时，如：I'd like to have a cup of coffee.

②当谓语动词begin, continue, start等是进行式时，如：The students are starting to work on the difficult math’s problem.

③begin, continue, start与know, understand等状态动词连用时，如：I soon began to understand what was happening.

⒋advise, allow, encourage, forbid, permit等动词后接动名词作宾语，或带不定式作宾语补足语。如：

Our teachers don't permit our/us swimming in the lake.

Our teachers don't permit us to swim in the lake.

3）部分动词后接不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大，应根据句子语境选择使用。

①forget, remember, regret后接不定式，表示现在或未来的动作，接动名词表示动作已经发生。如：

Don't forget to post the letter for me.

Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport?

Remember to close the windows before you leave.

I remember writing him a letter a year ago.

We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited toattend the meeting.

They regretted ordering these books from abroad.

动名词与不定式语义不同的有11 组：

1 forget doing/to do

forget to do 忘记要去做某事。(未做)

forget doing 忘记做过某事。(已做)

The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off.

办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)

He forgot turning the light off.

他忘记他已经关了灯了。( 已做过关灯的动作)

Don't forget to come tomorrow.

别忘了明天来。(to come动作未做)

典型例题

---- The light in the office is still on.

---- Oh，I forgot___.

A. turning it off

B. turn it off

C. to turn it off

D. having turned it off

答案：C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth.

而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意

2 stop doing/to do

stop to do 停止，中断原来做的事，开始做另外一件事

stop doing 停止正在做的事

They stop to smoke a cigarette. 他们停下来，抽了根烟。

I must stop smoking.. 我必须戒烟了。

典型例题

She reached the top of the hill and stopped ___ on a big rock by the side of the path.

A. to have rested

B. resting

C. to rest

D. rest

答案：C。由题意可知，她到了山顶，停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息。因此，应选择"stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事"。而不仅仅是爬山动作的终止，所以stop doing sth.不正确。

3 remember doing/to do

remember to do 记得去做某事(未做)

remember doing 记得做过某事(已做)

Remember to go to the post office after school.

记着放学后去趟邮局。

Don't you remember seeing the man before?

你不记得以前见过那个人吗?

4 regret doing/to do

regret to do 对要做的事遗憾。(未做)

regret doing 对做过的事遗憾、后悔。(已做)

I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice.

我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没有办法。

I don't regret telling her what I thought.

我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。

典型例题

---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.

---Well, now I regret ___ that.

A. to do

B. to be doing

C. to have done

D.having done

答案：D。regret having done sth. 对已发生的事感到遗憾。regret to do sth.

对将要做的事感到遗憾。本题为对已说的话感到后悔，因此选D。

5 cease doing/to do

cease to do 长时间，甚至永远停做某事。

cease doing 短时停止做某事，以后还会接着做。

That department has ceased to exist forever.

那个部门已不复存在。

The girls ceased chatting for a moment when their teacher passed by.

姑娘们在老师走过时，停了会聊天。

6 try doing/to do

try to do 努力，企图做某事。

try doing 试验，试着做某事。

You must try to be more careful.

你可要多加小心。

I tried gardening but didn't succeed.

我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。

7 go on doing/to do

go on to do 做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。

go on doing 继续做原来做的事。

After he had finished his math，he went on to do his physics.

做完数学后，他接着去做物理。

Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one.

作完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习

8 be afraid doing/to do

be afraid to do 不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为"怕"；

be afraid of doing 担心出现doing的状况、结果。doing 是客观上造成的，意为"生怕，恐怕"。She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being

bitten by a snake.

她生怕被蛇咬着，而不敢在草丛中再走一步。

She was afraid to wake her husband.

她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。

She was afraid of waking her husband.

她生怕吵醒她丈夫。

.9 be interested doing/to do

interested to do 对做某事感兴趣，想了解某事。

interested in doing 对某种想法感兴趣，doing 通常为想法。

I shall be interested to know what happens.

我很想知道发生了什么事。(想了解)

I'm interested in working in Switzerland. Do you have any idea about that?

我对在瑞士工作感兴趣。你想过这事吗? (一种想法)

10 mean to doing/to do

mean to do 打算、想要做某事

mean doing 意味着要有一个结果

I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.

我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。

To raise wage means increasing purchasing power.

赠加工资意味着增加购买力。

11 begin(start) doing/to do

begin / start to do sth

begin / start doing sth.

1)谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing.

How old were you when you first started playing the piano?

你几岁时开始弹钢琴？

2)begin, start用进行时时，后面动词用不定式to do

I was beginning to get angry。

我开始生起气来。

3)在attempt, intend, begin, start 后接know, understand, realize这类动词时，常用不定式to do。

I begin to understand the truth。

我开始明白真相。

4)物作主语时，常使用不定式to do。

It began to melt.

1. The teacher told them ________ make so much noise.

A. don’t

B. n ot

C. will not

D. not to

2. Our master often told us _______ things for granted.

A. not to have

B. not to take

C. didn’t take

D. not to make

3. Tell him _______ the window.

A. to shut not

B. not to shut

C. to not shut

D. not shut

4. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ______.

A. not to

B. not to do

C. not do it

D. do not to

5. Mrs Smith warned her daughter ________ after drinking.

A. never to drive

B. to never drive

C. never driving

D. never drive

6. The patient was warned _______ oily food after the operation.

A. to eat not

B. eating not

C. not to eat

D. not eating

7. The workers want us ________ together with them.

A. work

B. working

C. to work

D. worked

8. They would not allow him ________ across the enemy line.

A. to risk going

B. risking to go

C. for risk to go

D. risk going

9. I saw him _______ out of the room.

A. go

B. had gone

C. has gone

D. goes

10. They knew her very well. They had seen her _______ up from childhood.

A. grow

B. grew

C. was growing

D. to grow

11. I’ve heard him _______ about you often.

A. spoke

B. speaks

C. speak

12. Though he had often made his little sister _____, today he was made _____by his little sister.

A. cry；to cry

B. crying；crying

C. cry；cry

D. to cry；cry

13. This company was the first ____ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world.

A. producing

B. to produce

C. having produced

D. produced

14. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, ____it more difficult.

A .not making B. not make C .not to make D. nor to make

15. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______the film stars had left.

A .to tell

B .to be told

C .telling

D .told

16. There’re so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind _____ to buy.

A. what

B. which

C. how

D. where

17. There isn’t any difference between the two. I really don’t know _________.

A. where to choose

B. which to choose

C. to choose what

D. to choose which

18. “ Have you decided when ________?” “ Yes, tomorrow morning.”

A. to leave

B. to be leaving

C. will you leave

D. are you leaving

19. Last summer I took a course on ________.

A. how to make dresses

B. how dresses be made

C. how to be made dresses

D. how dresses to be made

20. He doesn’t know ______ to stay or not.

A. whether

B. if

C. either

D. if he will

21. She pretended _______ me when I passed by.

A. not to see

B. not seeing

C. to not see

D. having not seen

22. --- The light in the office is still on. --- Oh, I forgot _______.

A. turning it off

B. turn it off

C. to turn it off

D. having turned it off

23. We agreed _________ here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.

A. having met

B. meeting

C. to meet

D. to have met

24You were silly not _______your car.

A. to lock

B. to have locked

C. locking

D. having locked

25. The teacher asked us ______so much noise.

A .d on’t make B. not make C. not making D .not to make

1. Helen had to shout ____ above the sound of the music.

A. making herself hear

B. to make herself hear

C. making herself heard

D. to make herself heard

2. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures ___ in your mind instead of before your eyes.

A. to form

B. form

C. forming

D. having formed

3. The man insisted ___ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.

A. find

B. to find

C. on finding

D. in finding

4. The old man, ____ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.

A. to work

B. working

C. to have worked

D. having worked

5. Y ou were silly not ___ your car.

A. to lock

B. to have locked

C. locking

D. having locked

6. Don’t leave the water ___ while you brush your teeth.

A. run

B. running

C. being run

D. to run

7. When flint (电石) ___ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.

A. introducing

B. introduc ed

C. introduce

D. being introduced

8. “We can’t go out in this weather,” said Bob, ____ out of the window.

A. looking

B. to look

C. looked

D. having looked

9. My advisor encouraged ___ a summer course to improve my writing skills. A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take

10. ____ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.

A. To wait

B. Have waited

C. Having waited

D. To have waited

11. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ________ as 3M.

A. knowing

B. known

C. being known

D. to be known

12. Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can’t have time to ____ before the party.

A. get changed*

B. get change

C. get changing

D. get to change

13. ____ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to stay another two days off the farm.

A. Attracting

B. Attracted

C. To be attracted

D. Having attracted

14. I don’t know whether you happen ____ that I’m going to study in the U. S. A. this September.

A. to be heard

B. to be hearing

C. to hear

D. to have heard

15. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only___ the film stars had left.

A. to tell

B. to be told

C. telling

D. told

16. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time _____ the exam.

A. pass

B. to pass

C. passed

D. passing

17. ____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big at all.

A. Compare

B. When comparing

C. Comparing

D. When compared

18. ____ the program, they have to stay there for another two weeks.

A. Not completing

B. Not completed

C. Not having completed

D. Having not completed

19. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better ___ it—you’ve got some big bills coming.

A. forget

B. forgot

C. forgetting

D. to forget

20. According to a recent U. S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week ___ TV.

A. to watch

B. to watching

C. watching

D. watch

21. The flu is believed ____ by viruses（病毒）that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.

A. cause

B. being caused

C. to be caused

D. to have caused

22. The flowers____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.

A. to smell

B. smelling

C. smelt

D. to be smelt

23. The disc, digitally ____ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.

A. recorded *

B. recording

C. to be recorded

D. having recorded

24. Having been attacked by terrorists, ____ .

A. doctors came to their rescue

B. the tall building collapsed

C. an emergency measure was taken

D. warnings were given to tourists

25. Robert is said ________ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.

A. to have studied

B. to study

C. to be studying

D. to have been studying

26. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ________ the next year.

A. carried out

B. carrying out

C. carry out

D. to carry out

27. I’ve worked with child before, so I know what ________ in my new job. A. expected B. to expect*

C. to be expecting

D. expect

28. ________ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.

A. Having suffered

B. Suffering

C. To suffer

D. Suffered

29. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _____ whether they will enjoy it.

A. to see

B. to be seen

C. seeing

D. seen

30. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.

A. begins

B. having begun

C. beginning

D. begun

不定式和动名词做主语的区别

不定式和动名词做主语的区别 不定式和动名词都可在句子中作主语，一般说来, 有下面几点须给予注意： (1)不定式一般表示具体的、特定的行为，通常表示一种意愿、目的或者未完成的事情。；而-ing分词一般表示抽象的、一般的行为通常表示已经知道的事实或者经验。 如： To complete the program needs much effort. 完成这项计划需要很大的努力。 Riding a bike can make a man smart. 骑单车能使一个人敏捷。 (2)在疑问句中，只能用动名词的复合结构作主语。如： Is his speaking reasonable? 她的说话有道理吗？ (3)在某些句型中通常要用动名词短语作主语。如：It is no use doing…/ It is no goo d doing…/ It is useless doing…/ It is worthwhil e doing…如： It is no use talking your trouble to a man like him. 跟他那样的人谈你的烦恼没有用。 (4)一般说来，作主语和表语的非谓语动词形式应一致，即：或同时为不定式，或同时为-ing分词。如： Seeing is believing. 眼见为实(from https://www.sodocs.net/doc/d915319714.html,)。 但是，在现代英语中，当表语用来说明主语的特定意义或具体内容时，主语和表语的非谓语动词的形式可以不一致，即，主语用动名词，而表语用动词不定式。如：Waving your hand is to say “Good-bye”. 挥手就是说“再见”。 Nodding your head is to say “Yes”. 点头就是说“对，是的”。

动词后接不定式与动名词的区别

接不定式和动名词含义不同的动词 1. remember(记得)，forget(忘记)，regret(后悔)后接不定式指该不定式所表示的动作还未发生，后接动名词(有时可用完成式)，则指该动名词所表示的动作已经发生。比较。如：Remember to post the letter. 记住把这封信寄了。(“寄信”未发生) I remember posting the letter. 我记得寄了那封信。(“寄信”已发生) He forgot to pay me the money. 他忘记要给我付钱了。(“付钱”未发生) He forgot paying me the money. 他忘记曾给我付过钱。(“付钱”发生了) 2. try 后接不定式表示设法做某事，接动名词表示做某事试试(看有什么效果)。如： I’ll try to come tomorrow. 我明天设法来。 Let’s try knocking at the back door. 咱们敲敲后门试试。 3. mean 后接不定式表示打算(想要)做某事，接动名词表示意味着(要)做某事。如： He means to be a teacher. 他打算当老师。 He did not mean to hurt you. 他不是有意要伤害你。 This illness will mean going to hospital. 得了这种病就意味着要住院。 4. stop 后接动名词表示停止做某事，接不定式表示停下正在做的事去做另一事。如： He stopped speaking, and there was not a sound in the room. 他停止讲话，房里一点声音也没有了。 He stopped to listen, but there was no more sound. 他停下来听，但再也没有听到什么声音。 【注】后接不定式时，不定式不是宾语，而是目的状语。 5. can’t help后接动名词表示禁不住去做某事，接不定式表示不能帮助做某事。如： He couldn’t help crying when he heard the news. 他听到这个消息时禁不住哭了。 The medicine can’t help to get rid of your cold. 这药不能帮你治好感冒。 6. go on 后接不定式表示做完某事后接着做另一事，接动名词表示继续做正在做的事。如： You oughtn’t to go on living this way. 你不应该再这样生活下去了。 Go on to do the other exercises after you have finished this one. 做完这个练习后, 请接着做其他的练习。 【注】也人认为go on doing sth中的doing是现在分词而不是动名词。

动词不定式、动名词用法和区别

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10 mean to do mean doing 11 begin/start to do begin/start doing 动词不定式、动名词用法要点讲解 一、作主语 ⒈不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种： (1)把不定式置于句首。如： To get there by bike will take us half an hour. (2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如： ①It＋be＋名词＋to do It's our duty to take good care of the old. ②It takes sb+some time+to do How long did it take you to finish the work? ③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to do It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour. ④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to do

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不定式与动名词的区别

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(完整版)初中英语的不定式和动名词(整理版)

初中不定式和动名词 一、动词不定式：构成：to + 动词原形 1. 下列动词只能接不定式作： want 想要, agree 同意, choose 选择, decide 决定, expect 期望, hope 希望, earn 学会, need 必要, offer 提供, prefer 宁愿, +to do promise保证, plan 计划refuse 拒绝, wish 希望, would like想要 2. 下列动词只能接动名词（即动词+ing） Enjoy; mind; practice; finish；suggest ;deny; admit ; keep; spend; feel like + doing sth. enjoy doing sth., 喜欢做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事, practice doing sth. 练习做某事finish doing sth. 做完某事 feel like doing sth. 想要做某事keep doing sth. 坚持做某事 have fun doing sth. 尽情做某事suggest doing sth.建议做某事 deny doing sth. 否认做某事admit doing sth.承认做某事 be/get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事 spend…(in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事be worth doing sth 值得做某事 prefer doing sth. to doing sth 与…相比更喜欢做某事pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事3．有些动词后面既可接不定式，也可接动名词，意思相同。如： begin/start to do sth.= begin/start doing sth开始做某事, like/love to do sth= like / love doing sth. 喜欢做某事; hate to do sth. =hate doing sth.憎恨做某事 4. 有些动词后接不定式或名词时，意思不同。如： 1）remember doing sth. 记得作过某事（某事已做过） remember to so sth.记住去做某事（某事还没做） 2）forget doing sth. 忘了作过某事（某事已做过） forget to do sth. 忘了去做某事（某事还没做） 3）try to do sth.=do one’s best to do sth. 尽力去做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 4）stop doing sth. 停止做某事（停止正在做的事） stop to do sth.停下来做某事（停止的事去做另外的事） 5）go on doing sth. 继续做某事（同一件事） go on to do sth. 接着去做某事（不同的事） 5.下列动词跟动词不定式充当宾语补足语：vt.+sb. to do sth. vt.+ sb.+not to do sth. Want/ask/ tell /order/ allow/ wish/beg/advise / call /invite +sb. to do sth. She told me to buy a ticket.她让我去买张票 My mother often tells me not to go out at night. 6.help 后的不定式可带to, 也可不带to The teachers helped the students (to) learn English well. 那些老师帮助学生学好英语。 He often helps his mother (to) tidy up the room.他经常帮助他妈妈整理房间。

不定式和动名词作主语的区别

不定式和动名词作主语的区别： (1) 动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) (2) 动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。 Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。(经验) Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) To finish the task will take a long time.要完成这项任务将要花费很长时间。（具体） (3) 不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。 It took me only five minutes to finish the job. （4）动名词做主语往往表示普通的，一般的行为；不定式作主语常常表示某次具体的行为。 Collecting information about children's health is his job. 收集有关儿童健康的信息是他的工作。 It’s necessary to discuss the problem with an experienced teacher. 与一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题是有必要的。

2、常用不定式做主语的句型有： （1）It’s difficult (important, necessary) for sb. to do （2）It’s kind (good, friendl y, polite, careless, rude, cruel, clever, foolish, brave) of sb. to do. 3、常用动名词做主语的句型有： It’s no good (use, fun) doing. It’s (a) waste of time one’s doing.

动名词,分词和动词不定式的用法

动名词，分词和动词不定式的用法 (一)不定式和动名词作主语的区别 (1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) (2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。 Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。(经验) Driving acar during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) (3)不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。 It took me only five minutes to finish the job. (二)不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别 (1)不定式作表语。 A.不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。例： To do two things at atime is to do neither.一次做两件事等于未做。 What Iwould suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。 B.如果主语是不定式(表示条件)，表语也是不定式(表示结果)。例： To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。

To work means to earn aliving.工作就是为了生活。 C.如果主语是以 aim,duty,hope,idea,happiness,job,plan,problem,purpose,thing,wish等为 中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。例： The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant.His wish is to buy aluxurious car in the near future. 他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。 (2)动名词作表语：动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。例： Our work is serving the people.我们的工作是为人民服务。 His hobby is collecting stamps.他的爱好是集邮。 〈注〉动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同，但其所属结构 迥异，进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。动名词做表语，说明主语的性质或 情况。His victory in the final was no more convincing than Ihad expected. (3)分词作表语。 分词做表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词做表语，一种是过去分词做表语。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite,interest等都是及物动词，汉语注 解不是"激动"、"高兴"，而是"使得激动"、"使高兴"，因而现在分词应该是"令人激动的"、"令人高兴的"，过去分词则是"感到激动的"和"感到高兴的"。所以，凡表示"令人…的"都是-ing形式，凡是表示"感到…"都用-ed形式。换句话说，若人对…感兴趣，就是somebody is interested in.，若人/物本身有趣时， 就是sb./sth.is interesting。这类词常见的有： interesting使人感到高兴--interested感到高兴的

接不定式与动名词意义不同的动词

接不定式与动名词意义不同的动词有些动词后面既可接不定式也可接动名词，但意思明显不同。这类动词主要有以下几类： 第一类 remember, forget, regret：remember(记得)，forget(忘记)，regret(后悔)后接不定式表示动作尚未发生，后接动名词(可用一般式或完成式)表示动作已经发生。比较：Remember to post the letters. 记得把这些信寄掉。 I remember posting the letters. 我记得这些信是寄掉了的。 I forgot to tell him the news. 我忘告诉他这消息了。 I forgot telling her the news. 我忘了曾告诉过她这个消息。 She never regretted doing this. 她从没后悔这样做过。 I regret to tell you that he can’t come. 很抱歉他不能来。 第二类 go on：其后接不定式表示接着做另一事，接动名词表示接着做同样的事或不停地做着同样的事。如： Go on to do the other exercises after you have finished this one. 做完这个练习后, 请接着做其它的练习。 You oughtn’t to go on living this way. 你不应该再这样生活下去了。 She nodded, smiled, and went on stitching. 她点了点头，笑了笑，又继续缝衣服。 注：go on后接的doing也可视为现在分词而非动名词。 第三类 mean：其后接不定式表示打算做某事或有意做某事，后接动名词表示意味着做某事。如： To raise wages means increasing purchasing power. 提高工资意味着增加购买力。 I’m sorry I didn’t mean to be rude to you. 对不起，我并不想对你粗鲁无礼。 To mean to do something and to actually do something are two different things. 打 算做一件事和实际上做一件事完全是两回事。 第四类

既可接动名词也可接不定式的动词,但意义不一样

既可接不定式也可接动名词，但含义完全不同的8个动词 有些动词只能接不定式做宾语，有些动词只能接动名词做宾语，正如前两天小简老师和大家分享的一样。还有一些动词即可以接不定式也可以接动名词做宾语，但含义不同，今天我们就来看看这样的动词都有哪些！ 1. remember to do sth. 记住要做某事（未做） remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（已做） Remember to close the door,please. 记着关门. I remember closing the door. 我记得关了门了. 2. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（未做） forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（已做） The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着,他忘记关了. He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了. 3. regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事（未做） regret doing sth. 后悔/抱歉做过某事（已做） I regret to tell you that you can't pass the examination. 我很遗憾地通知你你不能通过这次考试． I regret disturbing yo so long. 我很抱歉打扰了你那么久． 4. try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 He tries to get the apple above the shelf. But fails to reach i a while ,Brown comes in and try showing his ability. 他努力去够架子上的苹果，但是没能够到。过了一会儿，布朗近来尝试表现他的能力。

不定式与动名词专题练习及答案

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