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《考博英语阅读理解150篇详解》(家庭情感类 )【圣才出品】

Unit1家庭情感类

Passage1工作与家庭

The list of“should”is very long.You should give more than100per cent at work.You should never stop learning and developing.You should read and keep up with events.You should spend time with your family and take care of your myriad of daily chores.

At work,it’s not enough to be qualified for your job.You have to have excellent people skills and problem-solving abilities.Your IQ had better be high, and you should welcome anything and everything https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ec256694.html,mitment and enthusiasm are the bottom line.

At home,it’s not enough to have money in the bank.There are children to raise,hobbies to encourage and daily routines to organize.Contacts between home and the day care center or school are another priority.You have to keep up your friendships and your family relationships.You have to have empathy for everyone around you.You have to have time.

How do we catch a guilty conscience?Finns in Business asked family counselor Hannu Kuukka from the Helsinki parish services.“A bad conscience comes from conflicting pressures,from the feeling that you just can’t manage everything that you consider important.Frustration and stress are the result.”

“Our internalized roles—the role models that we subconsciously follow—also

contribute to the problem.Throughout our lives,we carry with us the part we played in our own family.This can be a source of encouragement and support,or the seeds of a bad conscience.”

What can we do for a bad conscience?“Our failures tend to become exaggerated in our minds,especially if someone close to us verbalizes them.You have to set priority.Couples should decide together if one of them is going to concentrate on work and the other on family.The couple is the foundation of the home,so they have to find common ground,”comments Hannu Kuukka.

At work,you spend your time with adults,and you can excel in your own field. Are you more comfortable at work than at home?This is a common feeling—and another source of guilt.“It is not unusual for relationships at work to be easier and more straightforward than those at home.The everyday life of a family with children can be exhausting.And today,with growing competition and more friction at work,even these relationships have become more difficult,”says Kuukka.

1.The purpose of the first paragraph is to______.

A.itemize what people have to accomplish in their lives

B.brief a real but tough situation for couples to cope with

C.explain why some people long for a break of routine

D.show how a full-time job goes against a family life

2.According to the author,the decisive factor for one to perform well at work is ______.

A.responsibility and devotion

B.right qualifications

C.originality and open-mindedness

D.an IQ at least above130

3.What seems always problematic for one’s family life is that______.

A.money never seems to be enough

B.friendships and family relationships are hard to keep up

C.one simply can’t afford the time

D.it’s impossible to share feelings with everyone around

4.According to the passage,the constant cause of a bad conscience lies in the fact that______.

A.one attempts to achieve a good balance between work and family-life

B.people have unknowingly played stereotyped sex roles in family

C.our minds are beset with exaggerated information about family problems

D.no couple is capable of handling more than one thing at a time

5.What does the underlined pronoun‘them’(line19)refer to in the context?

A.Minds

B.Parents

C.Failures

D.Priorities

6.As suggested by Kuukka,the right way to approach the problem is to______.

A.exchange role models between the couple in the same boat

B.look at the same problem from a different perspective

C.turn a deaf ear to whatever other people would say

D.get the couple’s priorities right to ensure a rewarding life

7.From the last paragraph,it can be safely inferred that______.

A.work relationships are as difficult to keep up as family relationships

B.working parents usually feel more comfortable at work than at home

C.growing competition has affected the otherwise good terms with co-workers

D.the best moment of the day is when you might have escaped from family chores

【答案与解析】

1.B第一段首句“the list of‘should’is very long.”意思为:生活中“应该做的事”

很多。后面列举了工作、个人修养与提高以及家庭生活的几个例子。这一段是全文的引言段,目的不在列举本身,是为了说明下文中作者要提到的双职工家庭工作与生活中所遇到的问题与解决的办法。在第六段第四句“couples should decide together if…”中,作者明确指出了夫妻双方应如何面对这些问题。

2.A第二段作者列出了要做好工作所具备的条件。该段最后一句意思为:工作中承担责任

与工作热情是最根本的条件。

3.C第三段作者列出了要管好家庭所要做的一系列事情。该段最后一句说:可是你得有时

间。言外之意就是要做好这些事是要花很多时间的,可是我们没有那么多时间。

4.A根据文中第四段“A bad conscience comes from conflicting…”可知:我们的负罪

感是来源于相互冲突的压力,即我们感到我们没能把我们认为重要的每一件事都做好。

这里主要是指工作与生活的冲突。

5.C第六段第二句意为:如果我们身边的人唠叨我们的失败,我们就会觉得问题更加严重。

这里them是指代主句中的主语。

6.D第六段第三句作者引用Kuukka的话:夫妻双方应决定把什么放在首位,一起决定谁

要以工作为主,谁要以家庭为主。

7.B文章最后一段作者说:我们在工作中与成年人打交道,而且你可以发挥你的专长。你

上班时比在家更舒服吗?一般人都这么认为,这也是我们有负罪感的另一个原因。

Passage2给孩子以关心

The book Love and Its Place in Nature observed that without love children tend to die.And Ashley Montagu,noted British-born anthropologist,went so far as to say:The child who has not been loved is biochemically,physiologically,and psychologically very different from the one who has been loved.The former even grows differently from the latter.

The Toronto Star reported on a study that reached similar conclusions.It said:“Children raised without being regularly hugged,caressed or stroked…have abnormally high levels of stress hormones.”Indeed,physical neglect during infancy“can have serious long-range effects on learning and memory.”

These findings emphasize the need for the physical presence of parents. Otherwise,how can strong ties develop between parent and child?But sorry to say, even in affluent parts of the world,the tendency now is to try to supply a child’s needs apart from his or her parents.Children are sent away to school,sent away to work,sent away to summer camp,and given money and sent away to places of

recreation.Thrust out of the family nucleus,circling in orbit at a distance,as it were, millions of children naturally come to feel—if only subconsciously—neglected, unwanted,and unloved,surrounded by a hostile world of grownups.Such a prevailing feeling among children may be one reason why there are so many street children.Typical is young Micha,who said:“No one wanted me anymore.”A nine-year-old boy similarly complained:“I would rather be our dog.”

Child neglect is a form of mistreatment and it can lead to more sinister forms of mistreatment such as the physical mistreatment and sexual abuse of children.

Regardless of the form mistreatment takes,it sends children the message that they are unloved and unwanted.According to the German newspaper Die Welt,“more and more children are growing up to be social cripples.”It adds:“Children lack the warmth of the nest.The emotional bonding between children and parents is becoming weaker,or it is never established in the first place.Such children feel neglected,and their desire for security goes unfulfilled.”

Children who are denied their right to be wanted and loved may become bitter, taking out their frustrations on those who have neglected them or possibly on society as a whole.Fully a decade ago,a Canadian taskforce report signaled the need for immediate action lest a whole generation“who think society doesn’t care about them”be lost.

Unloved and unwanted youngsters may be tempted to run away from home to escape their problems,only to find bigger ones in cities plagued with crime,drugs, and immorality.In fact,police have estimated that20,000runaways under16were

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