外研版英语定语从句专项练习题

外研版英语定语从句专项练习题

一、定语从句

1．This is the book tells many English stories.

A．what B．which C．who

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：这是那本讲诉很多英语故事的书。此处定语从句修饰先行词book, 故排除what和who，此处关系代词which在定语从句中作主语。故选B。

【考点定位】考查定语从句的用法。

2．You Raise Me Up is a song ________ brings me much courage in the face of challenges. A．who B．when C．which D．where

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：《你鼓舞了我》是一首歌，它带给我面对挑战的勇气。

A. who定语从句关系词，先行词是人；

B. when定语从句关系词；做时间状语；

C. which 定语从句关系词，先行词是物；

D. where定语从句关系词，做地点状语。a song 是物，关系词用which。根据题意，故选B。

3．— Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight?

—I’m not sure. Is it in the hall _____ can hold 300 people?

A．where B．what

C．that D．when

【答案】C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：--学校英语口语比赛今晚将在哪里举行? --我不确定。是在能容纳300人的大礼堂吗？

where作定语从句的地点状语；when充当定语从句中时间状语；what充当名词性从句中的主语、宾语和表语。此处作为先行词the hall的定语从句，这个定语从句中缺少主语，故用代词that来充当。故选C。

4．A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A．whom B．whose C．who D．which

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：真正的朋友是一个帮助你并且让你感动的人。考查定语从句的关系词。本句中先行词 person为定语从句的逻辑主语，且指人，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者who；结合句意和选项可知选C。

【点睛】

在定语从句中，当先行词是人时，引导词在定语从句中做主语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或who，引导词在定语从句中做宾语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或whom，引导词前面有介词时，必须用介词whom。例如，（1） The girl who is singing an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister. （2）The person that/whom you talked to just now i s Tom’s father.=The person to whom you talked just now is Tom’s father.

在定语从句中，当先行词是物时，引导词在定语从句中做主语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或which，引导词在定语从句中做宾语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或which，引导词前面有介词时，必须用介词which。例如，He was reading a book which/that was about war. 他正在读一本关于战争的书。

在定语从句中，当先行词和后面的名词是所属关系时，用whose引导此定语从句。例如，They lives in a room whose window opens to the south. 他们住在一间窗户朝南开的房间里。

5．Du Fuguo is a hero is known to millions of Chinese people.

A．who B．which C．what

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意“杜富国是一个许多中国人都知道的英雄”。本题考查定语从句。A.指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；B.指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；C.定语从句中关系词没有what。先行词为a hero，指人，在从句中作主语，故选A。

【点睛】

做定语从句时，可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词，要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分，从而做出正确的判断。

6．Wang Yangming is a great educationalist developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen. A．which B．what C．who

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：王阳明是教育界的一位伟大的教育家，他的大部分思想都是在修文中发展起来的。

A. which关系词，引导定语从句，先行词是物；

B. what不能引导定语从句；

C. who关系词，引导定语从句，先行词是人，根据 educationalis指人，所以用who，故选C。

7．I’ll never forget the story ________.

A．that cheers me up B．who cheers me up C．what cheers me up

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意：我将永远不会忘记那个使我振作起来的故事。that cheers me up使我振作起来；who cheers me up使我振作起来的人；what cheers me up使我振作起来的…。根据句子结构可知，该空应该是一个定语从句，修饰空前的名词the story，指物，故B不对，who引导的定语从句，先行词应该是人；C选项中what不能引导定语从句，也不对。故应选A。

8．Music is the only thing ______ can help me to relax after a long day of hard work. A．which B．that C．who

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意：音乐是可以在努力工作的一天后，帮助我放松的唯一一件事。which修饰事物，引导定语从句；that修饰事物，引导定语从句；who修饰人，引导定语从句。此处修饰先行词thing，有the only修饰，故用that引导定语从句。故选B。

9．–What are you looking for?

–I’m looking for the storybook you lent to me last week.

A．who B．which C．when

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意“-你正在找什么？-我正在找你上周借给我的故事书”。

本题考查定语从句。A.who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；B.which指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；C.when表示时间，在从句中作状语。本句话中，先行词为the storybook，指物，且在从句中作宾语，故选B。

【点睛】

做定语从句时，可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词，要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分，从而做出正确的判断。

10． Running man is a very relaxing TV program_______is hot among the young people. A．what B．which C．who D．whom

【答案】B

【解析】

【分析】

【点评】定语从句要注意先行词是人还是物，从而选出合适的关系代词．

【详解】

试题分析：定语从句中先行词为物，关系代词用that或which．what不引导定语从句，who/whom的先行词是人；根据 a very relaxing TV program可知，先行词是物，故选B．

11．Being blind is something _________ most people can’t imagine.

A．who B．what C．that D．whom

【答案】C

【解析】

先行词是something，关系代词用that。

【考点】定语从句引导词。

12．One of the most delicious drinks _________ I like is orange juice.

A．which B．that C．whose D．whom

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意：我喜欢的一种最美味的饮料是橘子汁。

考查定语从句。本句先行词drinks，先行词有形容词最高级修饰，可知用关系代词that引导此定语从句，故选B。

【点睛】

that在定语从句中做主语、表语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。（1）必须用that的情况：先行词有人又有物/先行词有形容词最高级修饰/先行词是不定代词/先行词有不定代词修饰/以who，which开头的问句/先行词有the very, the same ,the last等词修饰/先行词有序数词，数词修饰时。/关系词在定语从句中做表语时。（2）不能用that的情况：介词+关系词/非限定性定语从句。

13．All the children like the teachers ________ can understand them.

A．what B．which C．who D．whose

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：所有的孩子都喜欢能理解他们的老师。

本句是一个定语从句，先行词teachers是人，而且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词who引导此定语从句，故选C。

14．The girl ________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.

A．who is singing B．is singing C．sang D．was singing

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意：正在隔壁房间唱英文歌曲的女孩是汤姆的姐姐。

这里使用了定语从句，先行词是the girl，定语从句中缺少主语，用who或that引导定语从句，故选A。

15．The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to

each other.

A．who B．that C．what D．They

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句中先行词为small houses，在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词that。句意：老镇有狭窄的街道，小房子建得彼此相靠近。

考点：考查定语从句的用法

16．Norman Bethune was a great man _____ gave his life to help the Chinese people. A．which B．who C．whose D．what

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意：诺尔曼白求恩是一位伟大的人，他毕生致力于帮助中国人民。空格前名词man意为“人”，是先行词，后面是用来修饰这个名词，是定语从句部分，先行词指人，在定语从句中做主语，可以使用关系代词who/that，不能使用which（指物）/whose（指所属关系），what不能用来引导定语从句，故选B。

17．—Tomorrow is Father’s Day. What’s your surprise for your father?

—The first thing____ I will do is to make a card for him.

A．who B．where C．whose D．that

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意：——明天就是父亲节了。你想给你的父亲什么样的惊喜？——我要做的第一件事就是为他做一张卡片。

A. who谁；

B. where哪里；

C. whose谁的；

D. that用来引出从句。当先行词是序数词或其被序数词修饰时，引导词用that来引导。空前面的先行词是The first thing，是序数词，因此本题的引导词应该用that。故选D。

18． Chinese Spelling Hero is a popular TV show ________ focuses on Chinese character writing among teenagers.

A．that B．who C．whom D．what

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：《汉字英雄》是一个受欢迎的电视节目，侧重于青少年的汉字书写。此句是个复合句-定语从句，先行词TV show是物，先行词是物时用引导词that，在定语从中作主语，结合句意和语境可知选A。

考点：考查定语从句。

19．—What kind of TV shows do you prefer?

—I like the ones ________ make me laugh.

A．who B．whom C．that D．what

【答案】C

【解析】

句意：--你喜欢哪种电视节目？--我喜欢那种使我笑的节目。________ make me laugh 是定语从句。A. who是定语从句的关系代词，指人的；在句中作主语； B. whom是定语从句的关系代词，指人的；在句中作宾语；C. that是定语从句的关系代词，指人或物；在句中作主语或宾语； D. what不能引导定语从句。故排除D；第二句中的the ones代替前面出现的名词电视节目,指物，故排除AB；故选C。

点睛：考查定语从句。首先分析句子是否是定语从句。看选项有哪个可以作关系词，what 不能引导定语从句。再次根据先行词指人还是指物，找对应的关系词。

20．--- Have you ever seen the film The Shawshank Redemption?

---Yes, and I think it is the best film teaches me a lot.

A．that B．which C．what D．/

【答案】A

【解析】

句意：——你看过电影《肖申克的救赎》吗？——是的，我认为这是一部教我很多的最好的电影。首先分析句子结构，本句中的"_________ teaches me a lot"在复合句中作定语从句，由于先行词是film 指物，在定语从句中作主语，且先行词前面有形容词最高级修饰，因而只能用that来引导后面的定语从句，不能用which。故选A。

21．The young man __________ is a friend of mine.

A．who I had a talk B．whom I had a talk with

C．whom I had a talk D．which I had a talk with

【答案】B

【解析】句意：和我交谈的那个年轻人是我的一个朋友。短语have a talk with sb和某人交谈；空格处是定语从句，先行词 man是指人的，关系词在定语从句中作介词with的宾

语，故选B。

22．The movie ______ we saw last night was fantastic.

A．which B．why C．who

【答案】A

【解析】

句意：我们昨晚看的电影是很好。A. which在定语从句作宾语、主语。指物或事情；B. Why在定语从句中做状语，先行词是reason；C. who在定语从句中作主语或宾语。指人。考查定语从句，先行词movie是指物的，关系词在定语从句中作saw的宾语。所以用which，故选A。

23．I’d like to tell you about the table manners _______ you should know when you visit Korea. A．which B．who

C．what D．how

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：我想告诉你当你访问朝鲜时你应该知道的餐桌礼仪。Which哪一个；who 谁；what 什么；how怎么。先行词table manners在定语从句中作表语，可用关系代词which代替。所以选A。

考点：考查定语从句。

24． Martian Brother is the nickname for a boy called Hua Chenyu_________won the 2013 Supei Boy.

A．who B．which

C．whose D．what

【答案】A

【解析】

本题考查定语从句。先行词是a boy，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，故who符合题意。

25．We will never forget the firemen_______lost their lives in the forest fire in April 2019 in Liangshan, Sichuan.

A．that B．which C．where D．when

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意：我们将永远不会忘记那些在2019年4月四川凉山森林大火中丧生的消防员们。

根据句子结构可知，该空所填的连词引导的是定语从句，修饰空前的名词the firemen。分析定语从句的结构可知，从句中缺少主语，应填关系代词，先排除C和D两个关系副词。which应用于先行词是物的时候，此处是人，故排除B。that引导定语从句时，先行词可以

为人，也可以为物。故选A。

26． Most grandmas prefer the song Little Apple that they can dance their square dances to . A．that B．whose C．where D．How

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：大多数奶奶最喜欢小苹果这首歌，她们能跟着跳广场舞。A. that 那个；B. Whose谁的；C. Where在哪；D. How怎样；这里是that引导的宾语从句，先行词是物，用关系词that。根据题意。故选A。

考点：考查定语从句

27．Teenagers like reading the books ________ are written by Guo Jingming.

A．who B．what C．whose D．that

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

试题分析：句意：青少年喜欢读郭敬明写的书。who先行词是人； what 不能引导定语从句；whose 先行词是人或物，作定语； that先行词是人或物。此句先行词books表示物，关系代词该用that，所以选D。

28．I hate people talk much but do little.

A．whose B．whom C．who

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：我讨厌那些说的多却做的少的人。句中所缺的是定语从句的关系词，先行词是people，指人，而且关系词在从句中做主语，故选C。whose既指人也指物，在从

句中做定语；whom指人，在从句中做宾语；which指物，可做主语和宾语。

考点：考查定语从句

29．—Why don't you like fishing?

—Fishing is a hobby____needs much patience,but I'm not patient at all.

A．that B．who C．whom D．Where

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意:——你为什么不喜欢钓鱼？——钓鱼是一项需要许多耐心的爱好，但是我

一点耐心都没有。本题考查定语从句。先行词 hobby （爱好）指事物，关系代词应用that

或which.故选A项。

考点：考查定语从句的用法

30． ---Our English teacher is very kind, and we all like her very much.

---That’s for sure. A person _________ cares for others is popular everywhere.

A． who B． which C． whom D． whose

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：--我们的英语老师非常的善良，并且我们非常喜欢她。--那是当然。一个关心他人的人到处都受到欢迎。根据先行词是person,所以引导词用that 或者who。结合选项，故选A。

考点：考查定语从句的用法。

31．The woman is the most important in my life is my mother.

A．which B．who

C．whom D．what

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：我的人生中最重要的女性是我的妈妈。该句是一个限制性定语从句，先行词在句子中做主语，而且是人，所以用who来引导。故选B

【考点定位】考查定语从句

32．The building ________ Tony talked about is a famous restaurant named Nice Meeting you. A．who B．which

C．where D．whom

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：考定语从句关系词的选择。由题干可判断先行词为the building，为物，排除AD。从句为不完整句子，先行词在从句中做宾语，故选B

33．This is the bike_______I lost last week.

A．that B．what C．who D．whose

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：这是我上周丢失的那辆自行车。此句是一个定语从句。bike为先行词，当先行词为物时，引导词应该用that/which，故答案为A。

考点：考查定语从句。

34．We all enjoy reading the story _______ has a happy ending.

A．who B．whom C．that D．what

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：我们都喜欢读有一个幸福结局的故事。这里是定语从句，先行词是the story，是物，关系词用that和which, 先行词是人用who来引导。先行词是人，关系词whom在句中作宾语。根据题意，故选C。

【点睛】

当关系代词指人时,关系代词既可用who,也可以用that.但在以下情况用who.

1.当先行词是persons,people,those时.例如：

Those who are for my plan ,please put up your hands.同意我的计划的人请举手.

Persons who are quarrelsome are despised.好争者被轻视.

2.当先行词是he,one,all,any,they等时,例如：

He who has not reached the Great Wall isn't a true man.不到长城非好汉.

All who had seen this film were moved.看过这部电影的人都受感动.

3.在非限定性定语从句中用who.例如：

I want him,who knows some English and French.我要他,他懂得些英语和法语.

I will pardon you,who are honest.我愿意宽恕你,你是诚实的.

4.在强调句型中多用who,在口语中who可以省略.例如：

I think it is you who should come here tomorrow.我认为你明天应该来这儿.

It is he who can do this work.只有他能够干此工作.

在以下情况多用that.例如：

5.当关系代词在从句中作表语时用that.例如：

She is not the woman that she used to be.她已经不是过去的她了.

China is not the country that it used to be.中国已经不是过去的中国了.

35．--- What do you think of him?

--- I hate people ____ talk much but do little.

A．who B．whom C．which D．whose

【答案】A

【解析】

本题修饰名词people是一个定语从句，先行词是人，关系词在从句中作主语，故关系词可用who，故本题选A。

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