2015届高考英语二轮专题训练：阅读理解(8)

2015届高考英语二轮专题训练：阅读理解（8）

A

（2014重庆卷）

There have always been a lot of commonly believed but exercise. Some people believe that they can’t help putting on hold that if they stop exercising, their muscles will turn into fat. Here are some more myths：

false ideas about being fat and doing weight as they get older, while others I‘ll never lose weight一I come from a fat family

Wrong! While we can’t change the body type we are bom with, we can’t blame our genes for making us fat. There’s plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families, and the main reason is that they

share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little.

I am fat because I burn calories slowly

Wrong! Fatness is not caused by a slow metabolism(新陈代谢). In fact, although fat people consume more energy than slim people，they also fail to realize how much they eat! Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake more accurately.

Exercise is boring

Wrong! Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively. The key is to develop a balanced and varied program thafs fun as well as progressive. If you enjoy a Sunday walk，take a different route. If you do yoga，try a tai chi class.

If you like swimming, set yourself a distance or time challenge.

No pain, no gain

Wrong! Exercise is not meant to hurt. Indeed, pain is your body telling you something’s wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury.

You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly, but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear relatively quickly. If they don’t, rest and seek medical

advice.

40.What does the author think about being fat?

A.It is the family genes that make people fat.

B.People are fat because they consume too little energy.

C.A diary of exercise can prevent people from becoming fat.

D.It is the consequence of people’s unbalanced lifestyle.

41.According to the author, how can we make exercise more interesting?

A.By taking varied exercise.

B.By choosing simple exercise.

C.By doing regular exercise.

D.By sticking to outdoor exercise.

42.What is the author’s opinion about “No pain, no gain” in exercising?

A.Keeping fit is essentially a painful experience.

B.Exercise should be stopped if continuous pain is felt.

C.Pain in exercise is a precondition for reaching your goal.

D.Getting used to pain leads to positive changes in your body.

43.What is the purpose of the passage?

A.To declare the importance of keeping fit.

B.To clarify some misconceptions about fatness and exercise.

C.To confirm what has long been believed about keeping fit.

D.To explain some medical facts about being fat and doing exercise.

B

My grandfather came from Hungary and was the only one in his family who settled down in the United States. The rest of his family remained in Europe. When World War I broke out, he seemed to have become another man, downhearted. Such obvious change was not born out of concern for his welfare, but out of fear: if his only son, my uncle, had to go to war, it would be cousin fighting against cousin. One day in 1918, my Uncle Milton received his draft notice. My grandparents were very upset. But my mother, at the age of 10, felt on top of the world about her soldier brother going off to war. Realizing how he was regarded by his little

sister and all of her friends, my uncle bought them all service pins, which meant that they had a loved one in the service. All the little girls were delighted. The moment came when my uncle and the other soldiers, without any training but all in uniforms, boarded the train. The band played and the crowd cheered. Although no one noticed. I’m sure my grandmother had a tear in her eye for the only son. The train slowly pulled out, but not about a thousand yards when it suddenly paused. Everyone stared in wonder as the train slowly returned to the station. There was a dead silence before the doors opened and the men started to step out. Someone shouted, “The war is over!” For a moment, nobody moved, but then the people heard someone bark orders at the soldiers. The men lined up in two lines, walked down the steps, and with the band playing, marched down the street, as returning heroes, to be welcomed home. My mother said it was a great day, but she was just a little disappointed that it didn’t last a tiny bit longer.

51. What the grandfather was most worried about was ______.

A. the spread of the world war

B. the safety of his two cousins

C. a drop in his living standards

D. his relatives killing each other

52. Which of the following words can best describe the ending of the story?

A. Disappointing.

B. Unexpected.

C. Uncertain.

D. Inspiring.

53. The underlined phrase “draft notice” means “______”.

A. order for army service

B. train ticket for Europe

C. letter of rejection

D. note of warning

54. What did the “service pins”（in Para. 2） stand for in the eyes of the little girls?

A. Strength.

B. Courage.

C. Victory.

D. Honor.

C

A new study of 8,000 young people in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior

shows that although love can make adults live healthily and happily, it is a bad thing for young people. Puppy love (早恋) may bring stress for young people and can lead to depression. The study shows that girls become more depressed than boys, and younger girls are the worst of all.

The possible reason for the connection between love and higher risk of depression for girls is “loss of self”. According to the study, even though boys would say “lose themselves in a romantic relationship”, this “loss of self” is much more likely to lead to depression when it happens to girls. Young girls who have romantic relationships usually like hiding their feelings and opinions. They won’t tell that to their parents.

Dr Marian Kaufman, an expert on young people problems, says 15% to 20% young people will have depression during their growing. Trying romance often causes the depression. She advises kids not to jump into romance too early. During growing up, it is important for young people to build strong friendships and a strong sense of self. She also suggests the parents should encourage their kids to keep close to their friends, attend more interesting school activities and spend enough time with family.

Parents should watch for signs of depression—eating or mood changes—and if they see signs from their daughters or sons, they need to give help. The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to become weak with age. Love will always make us feel young, but only maturity (成熟) gives us a chance to avoid its bad side effects.

67. Which of the following is more likely to have depression?

A. Young people who have a strong sense of selfishness.

B. Young girls who always hide their feelings and opinions.

C. Young boys whose parents watch for their behavior.

D. Careless parents whose children are deep in love.

68. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. The older a woman is, the less likely she seems to lose herself in romance.

B. Lacking love can lead young people to grow up more quickly.

C. Early love makes young people keep close to their friends and parents.

D. Parents should help their children to be aware of the signs of depression.

69. What’s the author’s attitude towards puppy love?

A. Confused.

B. Disinterested.

C. Scared.

D. Disapproving.

70. What’s the main idea of the passage?

A. Puppy love may bring young people depression.

B. Parents should forbid their children’s love.

C. Romance is a two - edged sword for adults.

D. Romance is good for young people.

D

Watching bison up close is fascinating, like watching a grass fire about to leap out of control. With their huge, wedge-shaped heads and silver-dollar-size brown eyes, the 2,000-pound animals are symbols of another place and time. More than 100 bison now roam the 30,000-acre American Prairie Reserve in eastern Montana — the first time they’ve inhabited that region in a century. Direct descendants of the tens of millions of bison that once populated the Western plains, they represent an epic effort： to restore a piece of America’s prairie to the national grandeur that Lewis and Clark extolled two centuries ago. During that famous expedition across the Western states to the Pacific, the two explorers encountered so many bison that they had to wait hours for one herd to pass. In order to protect what’s here and reintroduce long-gone wildlife (something the World Wildlife Fund is helping with), the American Prairie Foundation began purchasing land from local ranchers in 2004. It now owns 30,000 acres and has grazing privileges on another 57,000. Its goal over the next 25 years is to assemble three million acres, the largest area of land devoted to wildlife management in the continental United States.

Already, herds of elk, deer, and pronghorn antelope roam the grasslands, where visitors can camp, hike, and bike. Cottonwoods and willows are thriving along streams, creating habitats for bobcats, beavers, and other animals.

Not everyone shares APF’s vision. Some residents of Phillips County (pop. 3,904) worry that the area could become a prairie Disneyland, overcrowded with tourists. But the biggest obstacle is the ranchers themselves, whose cattle compete with prairie dogs and bison for grass and space.

“People like me have no intention of selling their ranches,”says Dale Veseth, who heads the Ranchers Stewardship Alliance of 35 families in Phillips County and whose family has been ranching here since 1886.“They’ve been a labor of love through the generations.”Instead, he wants APF to pay or subsidize ranchers to raise bison. This would be far less costly for the foundation, he argues, than buying the land directly.

63．If you go to the American Prairie Reserve in eastern Montana, you will see ________.

A．the burning fire moving across the grassland

B．hundreds of bison travelling through the prairie

C．tens of millions of bison occupying the farmland

D．groups of experts examining the dead bison

64．What measures have been taken to protect the wildlife by APF?

A．They have borrowed much money and developed new habitat.

B．They have hired many farmers to raise bison on their farms.

C．They have turned grassland into Disneyland to attract tourists.

D．They have bought large land from farmers for bison to live on. 65．The underlined word“subsidize”in this passage means ________.

A．give money to B．borrow money from

C．provide land to D．exchange land with

66．Which would be the best title for this passage?

A．The exciting scenery in eastern Montana

B．Great changes in raising bison in America

C．The return of the American prairie

D．The challenge in protecting the grassland

A

【考点】考察社会生活类阅读

【文章大意】本文是人们中一些关于肥胖和锻炼的错误的观点的说明同时还否定了这些错误的观点。

40.D 推理题。作者在文章中否定了多个关于肥胖和锻炼的错误观点。根据第二段最后

一句the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little可知肥胖和遗传无关，和我们的饮食习惯以及锻炼太少有关。

A项说法是错误的。B项的说法与文章相反，人们肥胖是由于摄入太多引起的。文章只是说记日记可以让我们知道自己吃了多少。只有D项说法是正确的。

41.A 细节题。根据文章倒数第二段1,2行The key is to develop a balances and varied

program that is fun as well as progressive。可知关键在于要有一个平衡的，多样化的锻炼的计划。也就是说要有多种不同的锻炼形式相互配合。故A正确。

42.B 推理题。根据文章最后一段1,2行pain is your body telling you something is

wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury。可知如果我们的身体感觉疼痛就说明有了问题我们就应该停止锻炼，否则就会受伤了。故B正确。

43.B 推理题。根据文章第一句：There have always been a lot of commonly believed

but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise可知本文是人们中一些关于肥胖和锻炼的错误的观点的说明。故B正确。

【长难句解析】

1.Some people believe that they can’t help putting on weight as they get older,

while others hold that if they stop exercising, their muscles will turn into fat.

【翻译】一些人认为随着他们变老，他们会情不自禁地发胖，然而其他人认为如果他们停止锻炼，他们的肌肉会变成脂肪。

【分析】本句前半句中动词believe后面含有一个宾语从句they can’t help putting on weight as they get older，其中的as they get older是宾语从句中的时间状语从句。后句中的动词hold后面有一个宾语从句that if they stop exercising, their muscles will turn into fat.这个宾语从句中有一个if引导的条件句。

2.You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly, but

this is your body adapting to the positively changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear quickly.

【翻译】随着你开始有规律地经常锻炼，你也许会有轻微的不舒服.但这是你的身体开始适应你的生活方式的积极的变化，很快疼痛就会消失。

【分析】前一句中as you begin to exercise regularly 是一个as引导的时间状语从句。后半句中的this is your body adapting to the positively changes in your lifestyle中的表语是your body adapting to the positively changes，这是一个动名词的复合结构在句中做表语。

B

51【答案】D．

【解析】细节推理题。根据第1段…a if his only son, my uncle, had to go to war, it would be cousin fighting against cousin可推知孙子一旦参军可能导致亲人间相互斗争，因此担忧。D选项符合本意。

52【答案】A．

【解析】词义判断题。根据下文…her soldier brother going off to war可知draft notice的含义应该是征兵令，故选择A。B“去欧洲的火车票”，C“被拒收的信”， D “警告令”。都不合上下文。

53【答案】D．

【解析】词义判断题。根据下文which meant that they had a loved one in the service. All the little girls were delighted可知这是令人感到自豪的东西，故service pins 代指honour。

54【答案】B．

【解析】推理判断题。开始人们依依不舍地送自己亲友去参军，但火车刚开出去就接到战争已结束的命令，所以这令人感到非常意外，使用Unexpected最能表达这层意思。

C

67—70 BADA

D

63—66 BDAC