book1unit3 教案

Unit 3 Travel journal

I．Teaching aims and demands:

1.Skill goals:

Describe a journey.

Revise means of transportation.

The Present Progressive Tense expresses futurity.

Keep a travel journal to show personal impressions.

2.Function sentence patterns---Good wishes and farewells

Have a nice/ good time. Have a nice/good time.

Tare care. Good luck on your journey.

Say “ hello” to …Write to me.

Give my love / best wishes to …Have fun.

3.V ocabulary:

journal, fare, transport, finally, cycle, persuade, stubborn, insist, proper(ly), determine(d), altitude, valley, attitude, shorts, camp, record, topic, familiar, brave, give in, change one’s mind.

detail, atlas, glacier, rapids, waterfall, plain, delta, canyon, afterthought.

Vientiane, Laos, Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam, Mekong, Tibetan.

4.Grammar:

The Present Continuous Tense to express future actions.

II.The analysis of the teaching material:

1.Warming-up and listening: Let students know that travel is very common in modern

society. Ask them to discuss the fares to get to one place for different kinds of transport. Do some listening practice

2.Pre-reading and reading: The word has many great rivers. One of them is the

Mekong. Introduce a travel journal---Journey down the Mekong to students.

3.Learning about language: In this part, students will discover useful words and

expressions and also learn useful structures---- the Present Continuous Tense to express future actions

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ed3629213.html,ing language: Present how to write a travel journal and then practise writing

III.Teaching arrangment

1st Period warming-up and listening

2nd Period Reading

3rd Period learn about language

4th Period Using language

The First Period warming-up and listening

Teaching aims

1. To talk about things related to travel, e.g. the place the fares and transport, etc.

2. To improve the Ss’ listening ability.

Teaching important points

1.To talk about travel.

2.To tell the Ss how to catch the key points when they do listening.

Emotion goals:

There are so many beautiful places in China and the whole world. We should love our country, love the whole world and love nature.

Teaching aids

a tape recorder, a projector and a computer

Step 1. A song (歌词见后面)

Step 2 Warming up

Show the photos of some beautiful places on the PowerPoint. （The Great Wall; Yuanming Yuan ; Budala Palace; Venice; The Liberty Statue in New York,America; Fujiyama.）Ask students whether they know where they are.

Then T ask: Do you like traveling? Ss: Yes

T: Why do you like traveling? (超级链接)：Enjoy beautiful scenery; Increase our knowledge; Make friends; Be good to health…Ss may have a lot of different ideas. Give them time to talk freely.

T ask: How will you prepare for traveling?(including the time, the place, the means, the cost, the things you’ll take along, … of traveling) (超级链接) :

1. time (超级链接):the Spring Festival; National Day; May Day; weekend; summer( winter) vacation…

2.destination(超级链接): Enjoy some beautiful pictures of famous places with the whole class: Huangshan黄山; Jiuzhaigou九寨沟; Guilin桂林; Stone Forest

(石林); Jiuquxi(九曲溪; Yunufeng,wuyi(武夷玉女峰); Sanqing Mountain三清山; Hangzhou;Longmen Caves (龙门石窟); Tian’anmen Square(天安门广场); Terracotta,Xi’an(西安兵马俑); Summer Palace(颐和园); London Bridge;

The Opera House悉尼歌剧院; Eiffel Tower艾菲尔铁塔.

3.What to do(超级链接): Rock climbing; rafting; bengee; skiing; hiking

Allow the Ss to talk more about it.

4.travel cost: talk with the Ss quickly.

5.things to take(超级链接): ID cards(身份证) passports; money (cash); a book of maps; 等。

6.means of transportation(超级链接): on foot; by bike; by bus; by car; by plane/by air; by boat/by ship/by sea

7. background information(超级链接): history; customs; culture; language; religion; politics; weather;…

8. Points for attention(超级链接):Don’t throw away waste;Don’t park your bike or car in the wrong parking lot; Don’t make a fire freely;Don’t feed animal; Protect animals and plants;Do as the guide tells you do; ….

Step 3 Speaking

T: Now, imagine that you live in Qinghai Province. You plan to spend a holiday with a

friend somewhere in Southeast Asia. Choose three places to visit and find out the one –way fare to get there for different kinds of transport. Then, make up a dialogue In pairs, discuss the fares and decide where to go.

Before they do that task, show a map of Southeast Asia with detailed position of

Laos; Vietnam; Ho Chi Minh City; Phnom Penh;Thailand; Cambodia; Singapore; Malaysia.

Then show some pictures of the sceneries in these countries. Then give the Ss several minutes to prepare for the dialogue and then call some of them to act their dialogues out. Step 4 Listening

1.Listen to Part 3 CHATTING WITH A GIRL and tick the words .

2. Listen again to the tape and fill in the chart

3.Listen to Part 4 of JOURNAL DOWN THE MEKONG and tick the words you hear on the tape.

4.Listen to this material again and answer the questions.

(1)Who is telling the story?Wang Kun

(2)When did Wang Wei meet her cousins?In October in Dali

(3)Why didn’t they begin the journey in Tibet with Wang Wei and Wang Kun?

The story doesn’t say

(4)Find a word that describe how the person telling the story feels about travelling in Laos. Afraid,alone,excited,glad…

5.Listen to Part 5. Wang Kun is describing a few of the things they saw during their tour. Pick out the correct in formation and then tell about their experience in Laos.

(1)In the village the cyclists saw ____B___.

A. electric lights

B. candle lights

C. kerosene lights

(2)After lunch they went to Vientiane ,the capital city of Laos by B.

A. bike

B. bus

C. truck

(3)They greeted an old man by ____A____.

A. putting their hands together

B. moving their heads

C. waving their arms.

(4) In Vientiane, they saw _____C_____

A. trucks, buses and bicycles

B. cars, motorbikes and buses

C. trucks, buses, jeeps and motorbikes

(5) The Mekong River is very rich in ____C__.

A. gold

B. pears

C. fish

Step 5 Homework

?Make up a dialogue .

?P57. Using structures

?P59. Reading task

The Second Period Reading

Teaching goals

1.Learn something about the Mekong River through reading.

2.Students can use what they have learned to describe a trip.

3.Students should realize if they want to be successful, what personalities they should

have.

Teaching important and difficult points:

1.Understand the text well.

2.Try to master the useful new words & expressions in this period.

Teaching aids: a computer & a projector

Teaching procedures

Step ⅠWarming Up

T: Do you like travelling?

Present some pictures of beautiful places to arouse their interest of travelling. Meanwhile, the teacher can also ask some more questions to make the students say something about their journey , such as their plans of trips, the difficulties they met in their journey and so on.

Step ⅡLead In

T: Q1:Have you visited any river? Q2: How many great rivers do you know?

Q3 : If you could travel down only one of them, which one would you choose? Why? Ask the students the locations of some famous rivers in the world .(Mekong, Rhein, Seine, Nile, Thames, Congo, Amazon, Mississippi, Volg)

Step ⅢPre-reading

T: Have you visited the Mekong River? If no, let’s learn something about it.

1. Show a picture of the Mekong River and the brief introduction of it. Ask them:

Can you list the countries that the Mekong River flows through?

3.Enjoy the beautiful sights along the Mekong River to arouse their interest of it.

Step IV Reading

In this step, get the students to read the text and finish some tasks.

Task1: Scan the text quickly, then answer some questions

Q1. Who are Wang kun and Wang Wei?

Q2.What are their dreams?

Q3.Who are Dao Wei and Yu Hang?

Q4. Is it a difficult journey to cycle along the Mekong? Why?

Q5.What can you see when you travel along the Mekong River?

Task2: Listen to the tape and pay attention to the pronunciation, then do the T or F exercise.

1.Wang kun is a high school student.

2.Both Dao Wei and Yu Hang are Dai and they grew up in eastern Yunnan province

3.The source of Mekong is in Qinghai province .

4.Finally Wang Kun agreed with his sister to cycle with her.

5.They found few atlas and books about Mekong River in library.

6. Mekong river begins at glacier on a Tibet mountain. the water there is clear but not cold.

7. Only a small part of the river is in China.

8.As it enters Southeast Asia, it moves slowly.

Task3: Careful reading

Read the text again and try to complete a form.

Task4: Consolidation

Fill in the blanks

Mekong River begins ___ a glacier on a Tibetan mountain. At first ,The river is small and the water begins to move_______. It becomes ______as it passes ______ deep valleys. Traveling ______western Yunnan Province. Sometimes The River ______ wide Valley and becomes a_________. We were both surprised to learn that half of the river is in China . After it leaves china and the high altitudes, the Mekong becomes _____ , brown and warm. As it enters Southeast Asia, it travels slowly _________hills and low valleys, and the _____ where rice grows. at last the river’s delta enters the South China Sea.

Step V Post-reading

Task1:Make comparison

An attitude is what a person thinks about something. Make lists of Wang Wei’s and Wang Kun’s similar and dif ferent attitudes about the trip.

Task2: Debate

Which character do you like,Wang Kun or Wang wei? Why?

Task3: Understand two mottos

Life is just a series of trying to make up your m ind.

Success belongs to the persevering

Step VI Homework

1．R ead the text again.

2．W rite a passage about their journey.

The Third Period Learning about language

Teaching goals

1.To revise the useful words and expressions.

2. To learn useful structures--- the Present Continuous Tense to express future actions.

Teaching important points

the Present Continuous Tense to express future actions.

Teaching difficult points

How to use the Present Continuous Tense to express a plan or something to be done according to plan..

Teaching aids

a projector and a computer

Step 1:Greeting ：A song.

Step 2:Practice

一、Use the reading passage to find the correct word or expression for each of the following sentences.

1.He is so stubborn that no one can ____________ him to do anything.

2.A ___________ person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.

3._______ she has made up her mind, nothing will ___________________.

4.Is it_______ for us to take off our hats in church?

5.He ________ that we find the source of the trouble as soon as possible. Everyone agreed.

6.Do you remember every _____ of the story you have just read.

7.I wanted to pay the train ____ , but my friend insisted. _______I gave in.

8.She persuaded all of us to _______ to work instead of taking the bus。Answer: 1.persuade 2.determined 3.Once; change her mind

4.proper

5. insisted

6. detail 7fare; Finally 8. cycle

二、Match the words and the meanings

valley a high place from which a river suddenly goes down.

plain a fast-moving part of a river.

waterfall a long, low, wide place between hills.

delta the long place where a river enters the sea

rapids a large body of ice moving slowly down a high valley

canyon a large flat place

glacier a deep, very wide valley, usually with a river

超级链接: some pictures of all these words to help Ss understand the meaning of the words more clearly.

三、Complete this passage with some of the above words.

I really enjoyed my school field trip in geography. We saw so many

beautiful things: a _________ that flowed like a river of ice through a _______ that cut the mountains into two parts. We also discovered a river which fell off the mountains and become a wonderful __________this was even more exciting to see than the _______ where the water seemed to boil.

Later we followed the river to a quieter ______ and finally into a ______ and the sea.

Answer: glacier valley waterfall rapids canyon delta STEP 3 : Grammar

Enjoy a song to present the Present Continuous Tense:

I'm babysitting on Thursday

Would you like to go out on Monday?

No, sorry, I can’t

Why not?

I’m babysitting on Monday.

Would you like to go out on Tuesday?

No, sorry, I can’t.

Why not?

I’m doing my laundry on Tuesday.

Would you like to go out on Wednesday?

No, sorry, I can’t.

Why not?

I’m working overtime on Wednesday.

Would you like to go out on Thursday?

No, sorry, I can’t.

Why not?

I’m working out on Thursday.

Would you like to go out on Friday?

No, sorry, I can’t.

Why not?

I’m visiting relatives on Friday.

Would you like to go out on the weekend?

Well… maybe!

Ask the Ss to answer: What is she doing on Monday/Tuesday…?

Step4: Practice

1. Look at the following dialogue and underline the verbs in this tense.

A: Are you working this evening?

B: No. We’re having an English party, don’t you know?

A: Yes, I do. And we’re giving some performance at the party. What are you going to do?

B: I’m singing song with my classmates.

2. In the following dialogue, a newspaper reporter is interviewing Wang Wei

about her plans for the trip along the Mekong River. However, they are not sure about some of the verb tenses. Please help them complete their

conversation.

R: Miss Wang. I hear that you _____________ along the Mekong River. That’s really exciting. Have you got everything ready?

W: Almost.

R:When are you _________ ?

W:Next Monday.

R: How far are you _______ each day?

W:It’s hard to say. If the weather is fine,I think we’ll be able to ride 75km a day.

R:Where are __________ at night?

W: Usually in our tent, but sometimes in a small hotel in town.

R: Do you think you are ______ back here soon?

W:Oh, we __________ back to this place.

We __________ home. That’ll be a month later.

R:Thank you for your time, Miss Wang. Good luck on your journey!

W:Thank you!

Answer:are going to cycle ; leaving; cycling;you staying; coming; aren’t coming; are returning

3. Multiple choice:

1.--I’m going to the states.

-- How long ____ you _______ in the States?

A.are ; stayed

B. are ; staying

C. have ; stayed

D. did ; stay

2.--Will you tell us something about the weather there?

--I ________ to that.

A.go

B. come

C. am going

D. am coming

3.—When are you leaving?

--The plane ________ at 11:05.

A. takes off

B. took off

C. will take off

D. taking off

4.—I believe if we _________ abroad, most probably we will go by CAAC.

A.have been

B. are going

C. had been

D. were going

5.—I’m going to Shanghai for a few weeks.

--_______________.

A.Good-bye

B. So long

C. Have a good time.

D.I like it

6. A new play _____ at the theatre this week. Would you like to see it?

A.has been put on

B. has put on

C. is being put on

D. will put on

7.—Where are you going for your holidays?

—_________.

A. Wha t a good idea

B. I’m going to Spain on business

C. I won’t have to go

D. I haven’t made up my mind yet

8.—I’ll go camping this weekend.

--_____________.

A. Don’t give up now

B. No, I’m too busy

C. Have a good time

D. Can you fish?

9.I’ve won a holiday for two to Florida. I ____ my mum.

A. am taking

B. have taken

C. take

D. will have taken

Answer: 1.B 2.C 3.A 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. A

Step5: DIALOGUE

1. First show an example: Where you going on holiday?

A: Yanzi, where you going on holiday? B: I’ m going to Laos.

A: When are you leaving? B: Next Sunday.

A: How are you going to Laos? B: I’m taking a plane.

A: How long are you staying there? B: About two weeks.

A: Great. Have a good trip. B: Thanks.

2. A game:

Divide the class into two groups with one leader. Each group will need one coin and a counter.

Procedure: 1. Show the Ss the board game.

2. Demonstrate the task: toss a coin and explain that one side of the coin means move two spaces, the other means move one space. Move your counter onto a square and speak for thirty seconds on the subjects of the square.

Encourage questions.

Step6:HOMEWORK

1.Do exercises on Page 56, 57

2.Review The Present Continuous Tense ,then do exercises on Page57,58

Period 4 Using Language

Teaching goals:

1). To read the passage A NIGHT IN THE MOUNTAINS

2). To use the language by reading, listening, speaking and writing. Teaching important and difficult points:

1).Improve the students’ writing ability.

2).Enable the students to understand the passage better.

Step 1 Lead-in

1.Enjoy the music “青藏高原”

2.Appreciate the beauty of Tibet.

3.Ask students several questions about the pictures, e.g.

What do you think of these pictures?

What’s the weather like there?

Do you want to go there? etc.

4.Talking about Tibet.

Have you ever been to Tibet? Do you want to travel in Tibet? Can you tell me something about Tibet?

Tibet lies on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of the southwest border of China. The average height of the whole region is more than 4,000 meters above sea level, for which Tibet is known as “Roof of the World”. The highest peak of Tibet, also the highest in Himalayas and in the whole world, is Everest Peak, which is as high as 8,846.27 meters above sea level.

Although a part of China, Tibet has a unique culture of all its own. It is

mainly inhabited by Tibetans, a minority nationality of old and mysterious people. Tourist attractions include the Potala Palace in Lhasa, Jokhang Temple, and a number of Buddhist sacred places.

Tibet (Xi Zang in Chinese) is to the south of Xin Jiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Qing Hai Province, to the west of Sichuan, to the northwest of Yunnan and to the north of India and Nepal. Its population of 2.3 million people come from a variety of ethnic groups including Tibetan, Han, Monba and Lhota. Its capital city is Lhasa. Northwest Tibet, mainly Qing Hai plateau, is home to a variety of unusual and unique animals. Across the northern expanse of Tibet, you can see vast grasslands where horses, yak and sheep roam freely. The world's lowest valley, the Grand Yarlun-tzanpo River Valley lies in east Tibet. It is freezing cold in most time of the year. Most tourists come to visit Tibet only in the warmest seasons, June, July, August and early September. Step 2 Reading

We know Wang Wei and Wang Kun have traveled down the Mekong. Today they have reached the Tibetan Mountains. They will stay there for

a night. Now let’s look at the passage “A night in the mountains” on page

22. Read it quickly to find the main idea. Show some questions.

1.How does Wang Kun feel about the trip now?

2.What do you think has changed his attitude?

3.Is it natural for Wang Kun not to feel lonely?

4.Would you feel the same way in this situation? Why or Why not?

Step 3 Listen and mark

Let the students listen to the recorder and mark the rising and falling tone of each sense group and sentence. Then practice reading aloud. Pay attention to pronunciation and intonation.

Step 4 Dialogue

Suppose Wang Wei and Wang Kun leave their camp the next morning and go on with the journey. Make a short dialogue between them.

Sample dialogue :

--Oh , up so early?

--Early? It’s nearly 9 o’clock.

--O ops! (Look at his watch). I guess you’re right.

--Why were you so tired?

--Well, I stayed up late last night to watch the stars.

--That’s nice. They must be pretty.

--Yes, they are.

Then ask students to make up their own dialogues. They may discuss and practice in pairs.

Step 5 Guided writing

1.reading

In this unit, we have read the first two parts of a travel journal and have listened to the third part of the travel journal. What is the difference between a journal and a diary? Let’s read the passage on page 23 and find out the difference between the two.

2 Writing a letter

Now let’s do a writing practice. Imagine that you are a friend of Wang Wei. Write a short letter to her and ask her to describe: how she feels, what she is doing, and some place you want to know about. Then wish her well on her journey by using at least two of these expressions:

Have a nice/good time. Have a nice/good trip. Take care.

Good luck on your journey. Say “Hello” to …. Write to me.

Give my best/love wishes to …. Have fun.

Tell the students that they can refer to the following steps.

In pairs. Choose the details from the journey that are most interesting. Think of what else you would like to know about the journey. Write these ideas down as questions.

Now choose two or three of the best questions for your letter. Each question should have another sentence explaining why you want to know this information.

Put them in an order that makes sense.

Begin your letter as shown in the textbook and add your questions for Wang Wei.

Finish your letter as shown in the textbook.

A sample writing:

Hi, brave little Wei,

How I worry about you and Wang Kun! Do you have a good time now? I hope so. What are you doing now? Are you still in Laos? Can you tell me something about people’s life there? When are you leaving for Cambodia? When you get there, tell me about the Buddhist temples there. Please send some photos with your next letter! Well, Have a good trip and don’t forget to write to me! Give my best wishes to Wang Kun. Good luck on your journey.

Take care!

Yours,

Wang Lin

Step 6 Homework

1.Finish writing the letter

2.Review the whole unit

3.Read the passage in workbook( page 59) “The end of our journey ”.

Language points

1. one-way fare / single-way fare (单程票价), round-way fare (往返/双程票价)

2. different kinds of transport (Br.E) / transportation(Am.E)

3. journey down the Mekong 湄公河之旅

有“沿着”之意,相当于“along”,

1) 由北向南,由西向东用down, 反之用up;

2) 由城镇向农村时用down, 反之用up;

3) 依门牌号码,由大数字向小数字行进时,应用down ,反之用up;

4) 由上而下,如:沿着山坡而下,沿着江河顺流而下,从楼上到楼下由住

宅到街上，应用down,

反之用up

Para.1: 4. dream of / about doing 梦想，梦见（后接名词，代词，动名词）

e.g. What a small world! I wouldn’t dream of meeting you here.

The young soldier sometimes dreams of his hometown.

dream n. have/dream a dream, realize a dream

5. take a bike trip *

6. get a chance to do *

7. finally, adv.最后，终于final adj. 最后的，n （常用复数）决赛，

期末考试

e.g. We waited and waited, and the train finally arrived.

What is the final score of the table tennis single for men?

How are you prepared for your finals?

8. cycle along *

9. go for bike rides *

10. in the countryside *

11. persuade sb (not) to do, 说服某人（不）做…

persuade sb that + clause 使某人相信

Then she persuaded me to buy one.=Then she succeeded in asking me to buy one.

e.g. The salesman persuaded us to buy his product.

He tried to persuade me that he was honest.

persuade sb to do sth 指成功地说服,

“说而不服, 或说而无果”应用advise sb to do sth / try to persuade sb to do

12. at the college/ university *

13. get / make sb interested in = interest sb, show interest in sth/ sb

get+ n./pron.+adj.=make + n./pron.+adj.

e.g. They didn’t get home after school as usual, which got/ made mother worried.

Para.2: 14. Although she didn’t know the best way of… although “虽然,但是”,引导让步状语从句,不与but连用

though一般可与although互用，引导的让步状语从句有时用倒装

语序.作副词时, “然而,可是”,通常放于句尾,并用逗号与句子隔开

e.g. Young though he is, he is very rich.

He said he would come; he didn’t, though.

15. a way of doing/ to do *

e.g. She didn’t know the best way of getting to places.= She didn’t

know the best way to get to places.

16. insist (若insist后面宾语从句的主语与主句的主语不一致,谓语由加动词原形构成,

其中should可省略)

insist that sb (should)do 坚持认为，坚持说

insist on/upon sth/ doing 坚持做，坚决做

e.g. We insisted that father (should) give up smoking.

She insisted on/upon going to Beijing by air.

17. care about, care for, care to do

care about关心,忧虑care for喜欢,照顾care to do愿意/同意做某事

e.g. I don’t care (a bout) what happens to him.

Would you care for a drink?

Would you care to go for a walk?

18. give sb a determined look, determined坚定的,坚决的

e.g. They were determined to drive the enemy away from their country.=They determined to drive…

determine to do= make up one’s mind to do, decide to do

19. change one’s mind, mind此处解“意见，想法”，[C]

make up one’s mind 下定决心,拿好主意

e.g. Once he has made up his mind, nothing can be done to change his mind.

20. at a altitude of…* 在海拔…米处at a altitude of 10,000 feet

21. be excited about *

22. breathe the air, take a breath

23. experience [U] “经验，感受” have experience in/at doing

[C]“经历，体验”

e.g. I’d prefer a lady with rich experience in/ at looking after babies.

His experiences in Africa are interesting.

24. give in 屈服，投降，让步give in to sb 向某人让步，屈服于某人

give up 放弃give up doing/sth

e.g. The mother gave in and bought a toy for her child.

Don’t give up. You still have chances to win in the match.

Para.3: 25. pass through through指从两边穿过或穿过空间内部, across指从一定范围的一边到另一边“横跨”表面

26. be surprised to do *

Sentence focus:

1. It was my sister who first had the idea…

强调句型：It is / was+被强调部分+ that/ who+其余部分

注意：强调句中it不能更换，is/was与“其余部分”的时态一致，数不受被强调部分单复数的影响，被强调部分可以是除谓语以外的任何成分，被强调部分是人可用that/who，其它一律用that.被强调若是原句的主语，who/that之后的谓语动词在人称和数上与该主语一致。

e.g. I saw John in the street this morning.

---- It was I who/that saw John in the street this morning. （强调主语）

---- It was John that/ whom I saw in the street this morning. （强调宾语）

---- It was in the street that I saw John this morning. （强调地点状语）

---- It was this morning that I I saw John in the street. （强调时间状语）

2. She gave me a determined look---the kind that said…, the kind=the kind of look the kind是a look的同位语,后面是that引导的定语从句, 其中say指“指明,表明”

e.g The clock on the wall said a quarter to ten.

3. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.=When she has made up hermind, nothing can change it.

once conj.一旦……(就), 一经……便……,相当于as soon as

e.g. Once you understand the rule, you will have no difficulty.

Translation: 钱一旦用完，我们该怎么办?

What will we do once the money is gone/ used up?

一旦做了，就要把事情做得最好.

Once you do it, you should do it best.

4. It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, traveling acro ss…traveling 是现在分词作伴随状语.

e.g. They came to the street, looking for the lost dog.

附：歌词

Kokomo

Aruba Jamaica ooo I wanna take you

Bermuda Bahama come on pretty mama

Key Largo Montego baby why don't we go Jamaica

Off the Florida Keys

There's a place called Kokomo

That's where you wanna go to get away from it all

Bodies in the sand

Tropical drink melting in your hand

We'll be falling in love

To the rhythm of a steel drum band

Down in Kokomo

Aruba Jamaica ooo I wanna take you

采桑子·清明上巳西湖好原文-翻译及赏析

采桑子·清明上巳西湖好原文|翻译及赏析 写作背 北宋皇祐三年（1049年），欧阳修赴颍州任职。颍州的西湖是当时的游览名胜，欧阳修被那里的旖旎光陶醉了，他把颍州选为晚年居住之所，多次来往其地，并一连写下十首《采桑子》吟咏西湖胜景。这十首词意境优美，风采各异。这首《采桑子》是其中的一篇。 作品鉴赏 这首词是写清明时节西湖游春的热闹繁华景象，从侧面来写西湖之美，着意描绘游春的欢乐气氛。古时以农历三月上旬巳日为上巳，这一天历来有到水滨踏青的习俗。《梦梁录》卷二载：三月三日上已之辰，曲水流觞故事，起于晋时。唐朝赐宴曲江，倾都禊饮踏青，亦是此意。《东京梦华录》也记载：四野如市，往往就芳树之下，或园囿之间，罗列杯盘，互相劝酬。都城之歌儿舞女，遍满园亭，抵暮而归。这就可以看出是郊外人们游春的盛况。西湖景色迷人，是游人的最佳去处。看绿柳丛中，车如流水马如龙，争相抢道，西湖岸上，游人如织，各色人等都在享受欣赏着大好春光。词人自己也乘着朱轮钿车加入了这欢乐春游的队伍。 词上片描绘的是一幅白天西湖春游图。下片写游人返归的景象。日暮时分，酒醒了的、还在醉着的，前后相将归家。从西湖弯斜的堤

岸一直到城头，一路之上，头攒动。直到城头总是花，这里既指从西湖到颍州城下的路边鲜花盛开，又当指一路上游人皆头上簪花而归。唐宋时，人们有采花簪头之俗，无论男女。如杜牧《九日齐安登高》中即写道：尘世难逢开口笑，菊花须插满头归。苏轼《次韵苏伯固主簿重九》说道：髻重不嫌黄菊满，手香新喜绿橙搓。刘克庄《上巳》也有句云：暮归尚有清狂态，乱插花满角巾。可见，直到城头总是花，写的是人们春游而归，头上簪花络绎回城的情景。 清明上巳时节，是古人往水边游玩的时侯。以这样一个游览的时节，再加上西湖这样一个游览胜地，真可谓良辰美景，两者铸备，热闹景象自是非同寻常。本词所表现的正是一派盛景，满目繁华即为全词的核心。 满目繁华的特点，首先体现在对游者的描写上，这也是作品表现的重点。游者一是多，二是欢。游者之多，在词中写道：争道谁家，绿柳朱轮走锢车。这一句写了两种不同的游者，一种是乘车者，一种是徒步者。车多，才会引起人们的争相指点；行者多，也才可能出现争道的景状。最后这两句用寥寥数字，展示出了一个毂击肩摩的游览盛况。另外，下片喧哗一词，又从音响的角度突出了游者之多，以西湖这样的敝廓之地，竟有人声鼎沸之感，那行人熙来攘往的情景是可想而知的了。何以见出游者之欢？从上述行人争道谁家车的描写中，已传出一片欢快活跃的气氛，接着写游人日暮归返时的醒醉二字，更是道尽了游者各各相异的神态。这令人想起明代文学家张岱在《西湖七月半》一文中对各种赏月人的生动描写：他们有的浅

西湖龙井茶艺表演解说词

西湖龙井茶艺学习和表演 西湖龙井是我国的第一名茶，历史上曾分为“狮”、“龙”、“云”、“虎”、“梅”五个品号，现在统称为西湖龙井茶。同时西湖龙井也有着悠久的历史文化，下面就关于西湖龙井茶文化做一介绍。 欲把西湖比西子，从来佳茗似佳人。龙井既是地名，又是泉名和茶名。茶有“四绝”：色绿、香郁、味甘、形美。特级西湖龙井茶扁平光滑挺直，色泽嫩绿光润，香气鲜嫩清高，滋味鲜爽甘醇，叶底细嫩呈朵。清明节前采制的龙井茶简称明前龙井，美称女儿红，“院外风荷西子笑，明前龙井女儿红。”这优美的句子如诗如画，堪称西湖龙井茶的绝妙写真。集名山、名寺、名湖、名泉和名茶于一体，泡一杯龙井茶，喝出的却是世所罕见的独特而骄人的龙井茶文化。 早在北宋时期，龙井茶区已初步形成规模，当时灵隐下天竺香林洞的“香林茶”，上天竺白云峰产的“白云茶”和葛岭宝云山产的“宝云茶”已列为贡品。北宋高僧辩才法师归隐故地，也是当年与苏东坡等文豪在龙井狮峰山脚下寿圣寺品茗吟诗之处，苏东坡有“白云峰下两旗新，腻绿长鲜谷雨春”之句赞美龙井茶，并手书“老龙井”等匾额，至今尚存寿圣寺胡公庙、十八棵御茶园中狮峰山脚的悬岩上。到了南宋，杭州成了国都，茶叶生产也有了进一步的发展。元代，龙井附近所产之茶开始露面，有爱茶人虞伯生始作《游龙井》饮茶诗，诗中曰：“徘徊龙井上，云气起晴画。澄公爱客至，取水挹幽窦。坐我詹卜中，余香不闻嗅。但见瓢中清，翠影落碧岫。烹煎黄金芽，不取谷雨后，同来二三子，三咽不忍漱。”可见当时僧人居士看中龙井一带风光幽静，又有好泉好茶，故结伴前来饮茶赏景。 到了明代，龙井茶开始崭露头角，名声逐渐远播，开始走出寺院，为平常百姓所饮用。明嘉靖年间的《浙江匾志》记载：“杭郡诸茶，总不及龙井之产，而雨前细芽，取其一旗一枪，尤为珍品，所产不多，宜其矜贵也。”明万历年的《杭州府志》有“老龙井，其地产茶，为两山绝品”之说。万历年《钱塘县志》又记载“茶出龙井者，作豆花香，色清味甘，与他山异。”此时的龙井茶已被列为中国之名茶。明代黄一正收录的名茶录及江南才子徐文长辑录的全国名茶中，都有龙井茶。 如果说在明代龙井茶还介于诸名茶之间的话，到了清代，龙井茶则立于众名茶的前茅了。清代学者郝壹恣行考“茶之名者，有浙之龙井，江南之芥片，闽之武夷云。”乾隆皇帝六次下江南，四次来到龙井茶区观看茶叶采制，品茶赋诗。胡公庙前的十八棵茶树还被封为“御茶”。从此，龙井茶驰名中外，问茶者络绎不绝。近人徐珂称：“各省所产之绿茶，鲜有作深碧色者，唯吾杭之龙井，色深碧。茶之他处皆蜷曲而圆，唯杭之龙井扁且直。”民国期间，著名的龙井茶成为中国名茶之首。 新中国成立后，国家积极扶持龙井茶的发展，龙井茶被列为国家外交礼品茶。茶区人民在政府的关怀下，改旧式柴锅为电锅，选育新的龙井茶优良品种，推广先进栽培采制技术，建立龙井茶分级质量标准，使龙井茶生产走上了科学规范的发展道路。

龙井茶的特点

龙井茶的特点 茶文化是中国传统文化之一，而不管是哪一种类型的茶，它喝进人的嘴巴里口感都是不一样的。并且懂得养生保健知识的人，他们每天都会适当的喝一些茶来达到保健效果。龙井茶要属杭州西湖龙井最为出名，下面的文章就是为大家介绍了关于龙井茶所特有的一些特点。 龙井茶外形挺直削尖、扁平俊秀、光滑匀齐、色泽绿中显黄。冲泡后，香气清高持久，香馥若兰;汤色杏绿，清澈明亮，叶底嫩绿，匀齐成朵，芽芽直立，栩栩如生。品饮茶汤，沁人心脾，齿间流芳，回味无穷。 春茶中的特级西湖龙井、浙江龙井外形扁平光滑，苗锋尖削，芽长于叶，色泽嫩绿，体表无茸毛;汤色嫩绿(黄)明亮;清香或嫩栗香，但有部分茶带高火香;滋味清爽或浓醇;叶底嫩绿，尚完整。其余各级龙井茶随着级别的下降，外形色泽由嫩绿→青绿→墨绿，茶身由小到大，茶条由光滑至粗糙;香味由嫩爽转向浓粗，四级茶开始有粗味;叶底由嫩芽转向对夹叶，色泽由嫩黄→青绿→黄褐。夏秋龙井茶，色泽暗绿或深绿，茶身较大，体表无茸毛，汤色黄亮，有清香但较粗糙，滋味浓略涩，叶底黄亮，总体品质比同级春茶差。 1.西湖龙井茶的特点：西湖龙井茶外形文化内涵 龙井既是地名，又是泉名和茶名。西湖龙井茶有“四绝”：色绿、香郁、味甘、形美。特级西湖龙井茶扁平光滑挺直，色泽嫩

绿光润，香气鲜嫩清高，滋味鲜爽甘醇，叶底细嫩呈朵。清明节前采制的龙井茶简称明前龙井，美称女儿红，“院外风荷西子笑，明前龙井女儿红。”这优美的句子如诗如画，堪称西湖龙井茶的绝妙写真。集名山、名寺、名湖、名泉和名茶于一体，泡一杯龙井茶，喝出的却是世所罕见的独特而骄人的龙井茶文化。 2.西湖龙井茶的特点：西湖龙井茶的功效 西湖龙井茶除了骄人的龙井茶文化外还有良好的功效，西湖龙井具有提神、生津止渴、降低血液中的中性脂肪和胆固醇、抗氧化、抗突然异变、抗肿瘤、降低血液中胆固醇及低密度酯蛋白含量、抑制血压上升、抑制血小板凝集、抗菌、抗产物过敏等功效。

西湖七月半 张岱(原文及译文)

西湖七月半张岱 西湖七月半，一无可看，只可看看七月半之人。看七月半之人，以五类看之。其一，楼船箫鼓，峨冠盛筵，灯火优傒(xī)，声光相乱，名为看月而实不见月者，看之。其一，亦船亦楼，名娃闺秀，携及童娈，笑啼杂之，环坐露台，左右盼望，身在月下而实不看月者，看之。其一，亦船亦声歌，名妓闲僧，浅斟低唱，弱管轻丝，竹肉相发，亦在月下，亦看月，而欲人看其看月者，看之。其一，不舟不车，不衫不帻（zé），酒醉饭饱，呼群三五，跻(jī)入人丛，昭庆、断桥，嚣呼嘈杂，装假醉，唱无腔曲，月亦看，看月者亦看，不看月者亦看，而实无一看者，看之。其一，小船轻幌，净几暖炉，茶铛chēng)旋(xuàn)煮，素瓷静递，好友佳人，邀月同坐，或匿(nì)影树下，或逃嚣里湖，看月而人不见其看月之态，亦不作意看月者，看之。 杭人游湖，巳(sì)出酉（yǒu）归，避月如仇。是夕好名，逐队争出，多犒门军酒钱，轿夫擎燎，列俟岸上。一入舟，速舟子急放断桥，赶入胜会。以故二鼓以前，人声鼓吹，如沸如撼，如魇(yǎn)如呓（yì），如聋如哑，大船小船一齐凑岸，一无所见，止见篙（gao）击篙，舟触舟，肩摩肩，面看面而已。少刻兴尽，官府席散，皂隶喝道去。轿夫叫船上人，怖以关门，灯笼火把如列星，一一簇拥而去。岸上人亦逐队赶门，渐稀渐薄，顷刻散尽矣。 吾辈始舣(yǐ)舟近岸。断桥石磴(dèng)始凉，席其上，呼客纵饮。此时月如镜新磨，山复整妆，湖复颒(huì)面，向之浅斟低唱者出，匿影树下者亦出，吾辈往通声气，拉与同坐。韵友来，名妓至，杯箸(zhù)安，竹肉发。月色苍凉，东方将白，客方散去。吾辈纵舟，酣睡于十里荷花之中，香气拍人，清梦甚惬。 西湖七月半（译文） 西湖的七月半，没有什么可看的，只可以看看七月半的人。看七月半的人，可以分五类来看。其中一类，坐在有楼饰的游船上，吹箫击鼓，戴着高冠，穿着漂亮整齐的衣服，灯火明亮，优伶、仆从相随，乐声与灯光相错杂，名为看月而事实上并未看见月亮的人，可以看看这一类人。一类，也坐在游船上，船上也有楼饰，带着有名的美人和贤淑有才的女子，还带着美童，嘻笑中夹着打趣的叫喊声，环坐在大船前的露台上，左盼右顾，置身月下但其实并没有看月的人，可以看看这一类人。一类，也坐着船，也有音乐和歌声，跟著名歌妓、清闲僧人一起，慢慢喝酒，曼声歌唱，箫笛、琴瑟之乐轻柔细缓，萧管伴和着歌声齐发，也置身月下，也看月，而又希望别人看他们看月，这样的人，可以看看这一类人。又一类，不坐船不乘车，不穿长衫也不带头巾，喝足了酒吃饱了饭，叫上三五个人，成群结队地挤入人丛，在昭庆寺、断桥一带高声乱嚷喧闹，假装发酒疯，唱不成腔调的歌曲，月也看，看月的人也看，不看月的人也看，而实际上什么也没有看见的人，可以看看这一类人。还有一类，乘着小船，船上挂着细而薄的帏幔，茶几洁净，茶炉温热，茶铛很快地把水烧开，白色瓷碗轻轻地传递，约了好友美女，请月亮和他们同坐，有的隐藏在树荫之下，有的去里湖逃避喧闹，尽管在看月，而人们看不到他们看月的样子，他们自己也不刻意看月，这样的人，可以看看。 杭州人游西湖，上午十点左右出门，下午六点左右回来，如怨仇似地躲避月亮。这天晚上爱虚名，一群群人争相出城，多赏把守城门的士卒一些小费，轿夫高举火把，在岸上列队等候。一上船，就催促船家迅速把船划到断桥，赶去参加盛会。因此二鼓以前人声和鼓乐声恰似水波涌腾、大地震荡，又犹如梦魇和呓语，周围的人们既听不到别人的说话声，又无法让别人听到自己说话的声音；大船小舟一起靠岸，什么也看不见，只看到船篙与船篙相撞，船与船相碰，肩膀与肩膀相摩擦，脸和脸相对而已。一会儿兴致尽了，官府宴席已散，由衙役吆喝开道而去。轿夫招呼船上的人，以关城门来恐吓游人，使他们早归，灯笼和火把像一行行星星，一一簇拥着回去。岸上的人也一批批急赴城门，人群慢慢稀少，不久就全部散去了。 这时，我们才把船靠近湖岸。断桥边的石磴也才凉下来，大家坐在上面，招呼客人开怀畅饮。此时月亮仿佛刚刚磨过的铜镜，光洁明亮，山峦重新整理了容妆，湖水重新整洗面目。原来慢慢喝酒、曼声歌唱的人出来了，隐藏树荫下的人也出来了，我们这批人去和他们打招呼，拉来同席而坐。风雅的朋友来了，出名的歌妓也来了，杯筷安置，歌乐齐发。直到月色灰白清凉，东方即将破晓，客人刚刚散去。我们这些人放船在十里荷花之间，畅快地安睡，花香飘绕于身边，清梦非常舒适。

茶文化课教案设计(1)

茶文化 第一课时华夏茶史 课型：新授 教学目标：1、了解我国是茶树的原产地，种茶、制茶、饮茶都源于中国。 2、了解我国是茶文化的发祥地，了解陆羽《茶经》，卢工的《茶歌》。 3、感受博大精深的中国茶文化。 教学重难点： 1、了解我国是茶树的原产地，种茶、制茶、饮茶都源于中国。 2、了解我国是茶文化的发祥地，了解陆羽《茶经》，卢工的《茶歌》。课时安排：一课时 教具准备：图片 教学过程： 一、谈话导入 出示茶圣陆羽像：唐朝陆羽写的《茶经》是世界上的第一部记述栽茶、制茶、评茶、茶叶性质的著作，因此我国有“茶的祖国”、“茶的故乡”之称。 二、新授 （一）我国是茶树的原产地 1、介绍我国是茶树的原产地，也是世界上最早发现和利用茶树的国家。世界各国饮茶和产茶知识最早都是由我国传入的。 2、介绍我国茶树的原产区。 （二）中国是茶文化的发祥地 1、茶文化发祥于中国，传遍了世界。（日本、韩国） 2、陆羽《茶经》，陆羽被后人奉为“茶圣”；宋徽宗的《大观茶论》；卢工《茶歌》。 3、讨论陆羽、宋徽宗、卢工对茶文化传播有哪些贡献

（三）课堂总结 通过本节课的学习你有哪些收获 （四）作业布置 1、茶树原产于哪个国家的那个地区 2、什么人被奉为“茶圣”他对茶文化的传播有什么贡献 第二课时茶叶的分类 课型：新授 教学目标：1、了解茶叶科学的分类方法，应以制法为基础，结合品质进行系统的分类。 2、掌握茶叶的六大类型及其特征。 教学重难点：掌握茶叶的六大类型及其特征。 课时安排：1课时 教具准备：茶样图片及部分茶样《古代茶歌》 教学过程： 一、谈话导入 在漫长的年代里，我国劳动人民在生产生活中积累了丰富的制茶经验，创造了名目繁多、形制各异的茶类，成为是节省茶类最丰富的国家。 二、茶叶的分类依据 1、按采制季节可把茶叶分为春、夏、秋茶。 2、按产地取名为西湖龙井、信阳毛尖、武夷岩茶等。 3、还有根据销路、制茶技术、初制发酵程度、形状等进行分类。

西湖龙井的简介

“龙井茶”，因产于杭州西湖山区的龙井村而得名，习惯上称为西湖龙井，有时简而化之，索性称这种色香味形别具风格的茶叶为龙井。西湖龙井茶以其独特的品质风韵，精湛的制作工艺而蜚声于国内外市场，以“色绿、香郁、味甘、形美”“四绝”誉满全球。 历史上龙井茶有“狮、龙、云、虎、梅”字号之分，分别产于杭州市西湖区的狮峰、龙井、五云山、虎跑和梅家坞一带，其中产于狮峰的“狮”字号品质最好。 龙井茶含氨基酸、儿茶素、叶绿素、维生素C等成分均比其它茶叶多，营养丰富，有生津止渴，提神益思，消食利尿，除烦去腻，消炎解毒等功效。若以杭州虎跑泉水冲泡，香清味冽，号称杭州“双绝”。 龙井茶含氨基酸、儿茶素、叶绿素、维生素C等成分均比其它茶叶多，营养丰富，有生津止渴，提神益思，消食利尿，除烦去腻，消炎解毒等功效 味道很好的呢. 茶乡第一村”——龙井村，因盛产顶级西湖龙井茶而闻名于世。东临西子湖，西依五云山，南靠滔滔东去的钱塘江水，北抵插入云端的南北高峰，四周群山叠翠，云雾环绕，就如一颗镶嵌在西子湖畔的翡翠宝石。 村内旅游资源丰富，御茶园、胡公庙、九溪十八涧、十里琅珰、老龙井等景点点缀其中，为茶乡增加了浓郁的文化氛围。整治工程重塑了龙井村山涧溪流景观，再现了茶乡农居溯溪而上、择水而居的山地景观风貌，基本恢复了富有西湖龙井茶乡特色的自然村落风貌。 西湖龙井茶区——狮子峰、龙井、灵隐、五云山、虎跑、梅家坞一带土地肥沃，周围山峦重叠，林木葱郁，地势北高南低，既能阻挡北方寒流，又能截住南方暖流，在茶区上空常年凝聚成一片云雾。良好的地理环境，优质的水源，为茶叶生产提供了得天独厚的自然条件。龙井茶被誉为“中国第一茶”，也实在是得于这山泉雨露之灵气。 “天下名茶数龙井，龙井上品在狮峰。”狮峰龙井之所以驰名，还要感谢乾隆爷。传说当年乾隆皇帝下江南时，来到杭州龙井狮峰山下，学着茶女采茶。刚采了一把，忽然太监来报：“太后有病，请皇上急速回京。”乾隆皇帝赶回京城，也带回了一把已经干了的杭州狮峰山的茶叶，散发着浓郁的香气。 太后想尝尝这茶叶的味道，泡上喝了一口，双眼顿时舒适多了，喝完了茶，红肿消了，胃不胀了。太后高兴地说：“杭州龙井的茶叶，真是灵丹妙药。”乾隆皇帝立即传令下去，将杭州龙井狮峰山下胡公庙前那十八棵茶树封为御茶，每年采摘新茶，专门进贡太后。 龙井现为直径2米左右的圆形泉池，泉水经饮马桥，黄泥岭，出茅家埠流入西湖。龙井之水的奇特之处在于搅动它时，水面上就出现一条分水线，仿佛游丝一样不断摆动，人们以为“龙须”，然后慢慢消失。这一奇观，引得游人到此，乐趣倍增。

西湖龙井茶的等级标准

西湖龙井茶的等级标准 鲜叶品质 茶鲜叶品质分五级：特、一级～二级、三级～四级，如表：特级 一芽一叶初展，芽叶夹角度小，芽长于叶,芽叶匀齐肥壮，芽叶长度不超过2.5cm。 一级 一芽一叶至一芽二叶初展，以一芽一叶为主，一芽二叶初展在10%以下，芽稍长于叶，芽叶完整、匀净，芽叶长度不超过3cm。 二级 一芽一叶至一芽二叶，一芽二叶在30%以下，芽与叶长度基本相等,芽叶完整，芽叶长度不超过3.5cm 三级 一芽二叶至一芽三叶初展，以一芽二叶为主，一芽三叶不超过30%，叶长于芽，芽叶完整，芽叶长度不超过4cm。 四级 一芽二叶至一芽三叶, 一芽三叶不超过50%，叶长于芽，有部分嫩的对夹叶，长度不超过4.5 cm。 地方标准 西湖龙井茶按其品质不同，分为精品、特级、一级、二级、三级五个级别。 西湖龙井茶品茗指南 鉴别西湖龙井有四大招数： 一摸：判别茶叶的干燥程度。随意挑选一片干茶，放在拇指与食指之间用力捻即成粉末，则干燥度足够；若为小碎粒，则干燥度不足，或者茶叶已吸潮。干燥度不足的茶叶，比较难储存，同时香气也不高。 二看：看干茶是否符合龙井茶的基本特征，包括外形、色泽、匀净度等。 三嗅：嗅闻干茶香气的高低和香型，并辨别有否烟、焦、酸、馊、霉等劣变气味和各种夹杂的不良气味。 四尝：当干茶的含水量、外形、色泽、香气均符合要求后，进行开汤审评。取3至4克龙井茶臵于杯碗中，冲入沸水150至200毫升，5分钟后先嗅香气，再看汤色，细尝滋味，后评叶底。这

个环节更为重要。 龙井茶的审评内容与其他名优绿茶类同，主要是干评外形，湿评汤色、香气、滋味、叶底，以及龙井茶产地的区分等。1．外形审评取具有代表性的茶叶100g左右，放在茶样盘内评外形，主要评定形态、色泽、茸毛等项因子。通过外形评定，可以判定其属于西湖龙井还是浙江龙井。因这两种茶外形十分接近，甚至其他茶区用龙井种鲜叶（如龙井43、龙井长叶）炒制的部分扁形茶，其外形与西湖龙井也难分伯仲，这就给判别龙井茶的产地带来很大的难度，这也是市售龙井茶中标识混乱的原因。但有经验的审评者，根据龙井茶外形的基本特征，对大多数茶叶的产地是能够加以区分的。 2．茶汤色泽的审评高档茶的汤色显嫩绿、嫩黄的占大多数，中低档茶和失风受潮茶汤色偏黄褐。从汤色不易判别龙井茶的产地，也不必硬加区分。 3．香气和滋味的审评产于西湖区梅家坞、狮峰一带的早春茶叶，如制茶工艺正常，不带老火和生青气味的特级西湖龙井和产于浙江省的特级浙江龙井在香气和滋味上有一定的差别。西湖龙井嫩香中带清香，滋味较清鲜柔和；浙江龙井带嫩栗香，滋味较醇厚。若使用“多功能机”炒制的西湖龙井和浙江龙井，由于改变了传统龙井茶的制作工艺，两者的香气无明显的区别。其他扇形茶大多呈嫩炒青茶的风味。但即使是西湖龙井，一旦炒成老火茶，呈炒黄豆香后，则不易从香气上分清其产地。4．叶底的评定叶底审评主要是评色泽、嫩度、完整程度。有时把杯中的茶渣倒入长方形的搪瓷盘中，再加人冷水，看叶底的嫩匀程度，可作为定级的参考。 5．龙井茶的级别评定龙井茶的级别应对照标准茶样而定，若外形与标准样有差别的（如有机茶），只能按嫩度与标准样相当的级别确定。大部分散装龙井茶制后就上市，部分不标级别，只有价格。若是小包装龙井，则必须标明产品名称和级别，这些茶应对照标准样评定。龙井茶的级别与色泽有一定的关系，高档春茶，色泽嫩绿为优，嫩黄色为中，暗褐色为下。夏秋季制的龙井茶，色泽青暗或灰褐，是低次品质的特征之一。机制龙井茶的色泽较暗绿。 西湖龙井茶的冲泡方法 明前新茶和雨前新茶的区别主要是由于两者的采摘时间造成的。明前新茶在清明之前采摘，雨前茶在清明之后谷雨之前采摘。明前茶数量稀少，茶汤也更加香醇。虽然雨前茶的茶汤

明张岱《陶庵梦忆西湖七月半》阅读试题答案及翻译译文

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争出，多犒门军酒钱，轿夫擎燎，列俟岸上。一入舟， 速舟子急放断桥，赶入胜会。以故二鼓以前，人声鼓吹，如沸如撼，如魇如呓，如聋如哑。大船小船，一齐凑岸，一无所见，止见篙击篙，舟触舟，肩摩肩，面看面而已。少刻兴尽，官府席散，皂隶喝道去。轿夫叫船上人，怖 以关门，灯笼火把如列星，一一簇拥而去。岸上人亦逐 队赶门，渐稀渐薄，顷刻散尽矣。 吾辈始舣舟近岸，断桥石磴始凉，席其上，呼客纵饮。此时月如镜新磨山复整妆湖复颒面向之浅斟低唱者 出匿影树下者亦出吾辈往通声气拉与同坐。韵友来，名 妓至，杯箸安，竹肉发。月色苍凉，东方将白，客方散去。吾辈纵舟，酣睡于十里荷花之中，香气拍人，清梦 甚惬。 ——选自《说库》本《陶庵梦忆》 16．对下列句子中加点词的解释，不正确的一项是 A．灯火优傒优良B．竹肉相发歌喉 C．茶铛旋煮不久D．轿夫擎燎火炬 17．下列各组句子中，加点词的意义和用法相同的 一组是 A．以五类看之惧谗邪，则思正身以黜恶 B．看月而人不见其看月之态日月忽其不淹兮，春与

日本茶道的发展史【西湖龙井茶道的发展历史】

日本茶道的发展史【西湖龙井茶道的发展历史】 西湖龙井茶因产于中国杭州西湖的龙井茶区而得名。中国十大名茶之一。那么西湖龙井茶有什么历史呢?下面是小编精心为你整理的西湖龙井茶道的发展历史，一起来看看。 西湖龙井茶道的发展历史 龙井茶历史悠久，最早可追溯到我国唐代，在清代，相传，乾隆皇帝巡视杭州时，曾在龙井茶区的天竺作诗一首，诗名为《观采茶作歌》。西湖龙井茶向以狮(峰)、龙(井)、云(栖)、虎(跑)、梅(家坞)排列品第，以西湖龙井茶为最。龙井茶外形挺直削尖、扁平俊秀、光滑匀齐、色泽绿中显黄。冲泡后，香气清高持久，香馥若兰;汤色杏绿，清澈明亮，叶底嫩绿，匀齐成朵，芽芽直立，栩栩如生。品饮茶汤，沁人心脾，齿间流芳，回味无穷。当时著名的茶圣陆羽，在所撰写的世界上第一部茶叶专著《茶经》中，就有杭州天竺、灵隐二寺产茶的记载。北宋时期，西湖群山生产的宝云茶、香林茶、白云茶都已成为贡茶。元代，龙井茶的品质得到进一步提升。明代，《钱塘县志》载茶出龙井者，作豆花香，色清味甘，与他山异，龙井茶名声远播。清代，乾隆皇帝下江南时，四次到龙井茶区视察、品尝龙井茶，赞不绝口，并将胡公庙前的18棵茶树封为”御茶”。从此，龙井茶更加身价大振，名扬天下。 早在北宋时期，龙井茶区已初步形成规模，当时灵隐下天竺香林洞的香林茶，上天竺白云峰产的白云茶和葛岭宝云山产的宝云茶已列为贡品。北宋高僧辩才法师归隐故地，也是当年与苏东坡等文豪在龙井狮峰山脚下寿圣寺品茗吟诗之处，苏东坡有白云峰下两旗新，腻绿长鲜谷雨春之句赞美龙井茶，并手书老龙井等匾额，至今尚存寿圣寺胡公庙、十八棵御茶园中狮峰山脚的悬岩上。到了南宋，杭州成了国都，茶叶生产也有了进一步的发展。元代，龙井附近所产之茶开始露面，有爱茶人虞伯生始作《游龙井》饮茶诗，诗中曰：徘徊龙井上，云气起晴画。澄公爱客至，取水挹幽窦。坐我詹卜中，余香不闻嗅。但见瓢中清，翠影落碧岫。烹煎黄金芽，不取谷雨后，同来二三子，三咽不忍漱。可见当时僧人居士看中龙井一带风光幽静，又有好泉好茶，故结伴前来饮茶赏景。 到了明代，龙井茶开始崭露头角，名声逐渐远播，开始走出寺院，为平常百姓所饮用。明嘉靖年间的《浙江匾志》记载：杭郡诸茶，总不及龙井之产，而雨前细芽，取其一旗一枪，尤为珍品，所产不多，宜其矜贵也。明万历年的《杭州府志》有老龙井，其地产茶，为两山绝品之说。万历年《钱塘县志》又记载茶出龙井者，作豆花香，色清味甘，与他山异。此时的龙井茶已被列为中国之名茶。明代黄一正收录的名茶录及江南才子徐文长辑录的全国名茶中，都有龙井茶。

西湖龙井茶真正味道的标准答案

西湖龙井茶真正味道的标准答案 很多人喝了一辈子的龙井，说不上来真正的龙井是什么味。今天就从龙井茶制作工艺及饮用方式的历史沿革来解析西湖龙井茶味道的真相。 龙井茶历史悠久，最早可追溯到我国唐代，茶圣陆羽在其所撰写的世界上第一部茶叶专著《茶经》中，就有杭州天竺、灵隐二寺产茶的记载。北宋时期，龙井茶区已初步形成规模，当时灵隐下天竺香林洞的“香林茶”，上天竺白云峰产的“白云茶”和葛岭宝云山产的“宝云茶”已列为贡品。苏东坡有“白云峰下两旗新，腻绿长鲜谷雨春”之句赞美龙井茶。不过唐代流行的煮饮法和宋代流行的点茶法都是把茶碾成茶末饮用的方法，和现代的饮法差异较大，不做比较。

元代，龙井附近亦开始产茶，有爱茶人虞伯生始作《游龙井》饮茶诗，诗中曰：“徘徊龙井上，云气起晴画。澄公爱客至，取水挹幽窦。坐我詹卜中，余香不闻嗅。但见瓢中清，翠影落碧岫。烹煎黄金芽，不取谷雨后，同来二三子，三咽不忍漱。”从诗文中可见，西湖龙井的饮法，还停留在烹煎的阶段，也不做赘述。

明代，明太祖正式禁造团茶，改茶制为叶茶(散茶)，唯令采芽茶以进，从此改变了唐宋以来饮用末茶为主的习惯。明代黄一正收录的名茶录及江南才子徐文长辑录的全国名茶中，都有龙井茶。可见龙井在明代已经成为了全国性的名茶。 龙井茶的焙制，较之以往也是一种创新，明代开始以炒青取代蒸青，但一般茶炒后还要烘焙，才能干燥为成品，而龙井茶只炒不焙，其成品保持了茶的青绿原色。 明代的龙井饮用方法跟现代一样，即用茶壶容茶，汤壶(煮水壶)煮沸水冲泡，再注入茶杯饮用。

关于龙井茶的味道，万历年《钱塘县志》又记载“茶出龙井者，作豆花香，色清味甘，与他山异。”也即是从明代起，西湖龙井就有了标志性香味——“豆花香”，标志性味道——“味甘” 明代对于西湖龙井冲泡用水有了讲究，明代高濂在《四时幽赏录》中说：“西湖之泉，以虎跑为最；两山之茶，以龙井为佳。”龙井茶虎跑水的双绝冲泡开始流行。

西湖七月半

《西湖七月半》 一、单项选择题 1.明代著名散文家张岱的号是（） A.宗子 B.石公 C.陶庵 D.剡溪 2.下列属于张岱散文集的是（） A.《壮悔堂文集》 B.《西湖梦寻》 C.《浮生六记》 D.《饮冰室合集》 3.下列明清作家中，创作以小品文见长的是（） A.蒲松龄 B.侯方域 C.张岱 D.归有光 4.下列关于张岱的小品文，表述错误的是（） A.全部收录于《西湖梦寻》 B.多是对往日繁华景象的追怀 C.像一幅幅色彩明丽的风俗画 D.特别重视对世态人情和众生相的细致考察和描写 5.《西湖七月半》选自（） A.《陶庵梦忆》 B.《饮冰室合集》 C.《西湖梦寻》 D.《壮悔堂文集》 6.《西湖七月半)是张岱的一篇游记散文,其中“七月半”是指下列哪个节日（） A.上元节 B.中元节 C.七夕节 D.中秋节 7.《西湖七月半》中概写“名娃闺秀”与看月关系的语句是（） A.身在月下而实不看月 B.看月而人不见其看月之态，亦不作意看月 C.名为看月而实不见月 D.亦在月下，亦看月，而欲人看其看月 8.杭州人游湖一般是“已出酉归，避月如仇”，而在七月半却“逐队争出”.这表明他们“( )”的心态。 A.自然而然 B.随意 C.好名 D.雅俗共赏

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西湖龙井茶叶中富含咖啡碱和茶碱等成分,具有利尿作用,对于水肿、水滞瘤等症有良好的治疗作用,尿路不畅人群常饮,有助于提高 尿液的滤出率。 2、减肥 西湖龙井茶含有咖啡碱、肌醇、叶酸、泛酸和芳香类物质等多种化合物,常饮可以调节脂肪代谢,抑制脂肪堆积,有一定的减肥效果哦。 3、抗衰老 西湖龙井茶中的茶多酚含量非常的高,能有效清除人体多余的自 由基,防止脂肪酸过快氧化,帮助延缓衰老。因此,经常适量饮用一些 西湖龙井茶,有抗衰老的好处。 4、防龋齿 西湖龙井茶中含有氟,氟离子能和人体牙齿的钙质融合,形成一种较为难溶于酸的氟磷灰石,犹如给牙齿添加了一层保护黏膜,从而提 高了牙齿防酸抗龋的能力。适量饮用西湖龙井茶,有利于保护牙齿。 5、消炎杀菌 西湖龙井茶中的茶多酚和鞣酸成分,可以凝固细菌的蛋白质,杀死细菌。口腔发炎、溃烂、咽喉肿痛等,饮用西湖龙井茶,能起到很好 的辅助治疗效果。 猜你喜欢：

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