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定语从句解剖及详解资料

用合并句子法讲解定语从句

用合并句子法讲解定语从句定语从句是高中英语教学中重要的语法部分，同时也是为下一步学好其他从句（名词性从句）打好基础。但在实际英语教学中，学生因为对英语句子成分没有清晰的概念，所以导致对定语从句知其然而不知其所以然。在教授定语从句时，应先从句子成分入手，使学生先了解什么是定语，然后在利用合并句子的方式解析定语从句是如何构成的，并引出引导词的使用方法。一、什么是定语句子中修饰名词或代词的成分叫做定语。定语可以由形容词，名词，不定式，分词，动名词或从句来充当。 eg: I bought an (expensive) computer. （形容词） I met someone( funny) on my way to school. （形容词）（修饰不定代词的定语后置） she is an( English) teacher. （名词） I have a lot of work( to do). （不定式） The book( written by Tom) is very popular now. （过去分词短语） We can see the (rising) sun. （现在分词）= the sun is rising. He is in the( reading) room. (动名词) = the room for reading The boy (who broke the window)is Tom’s brother. （从句）二、定语从句两个术语：先行词，关系词先行词：被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词关系词（关系代词或关系副词）：连接先行词与定语从句的词。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等；关系副词有：when, where, why等； 1、关系词在定语从句中充当主语先行词为人时（1）两个单句为The boys are from Class One. The boys are playing football. （2）第一句为主句，第二句为从句，将两个单句合并为一句。 The boys（the boys are playing football）are from Class One. (3) 括号中句子里的主语the boys, 和先行词是同一个词，应该用关系词替换从句中重复的the boys. The boys 在从句中作主语，关系词中能作主语并代表人的是who, that The boys（who\that are playing football）are from Class One. (4) who\that==the boys, 在定语从句中做主语的成分，并连接先行词和定语从句。先行词为物时（1）I found the letter. The letter came yesterday. （2）I found The letter( the letter came yesterday). （3）用关系词替换从句中重复的the letter, 关系词中能作主语并代表物的是which, that I found The letter(which\that came yesterday). （4）which\that==the letter, 在定语从句中做主语的成分，并连接先行词和定语从句。 2. 关系词在定语从句中充当宾语先行词为人时（1）The man is my friend. You met the man just now

定语从句-知识点归纳与练习

定语从句-知识点归纳与练习一、定语从句 1．I will never forget the people and the things_______ I saw on the Great Wall. A．who B．which C．whom D．that 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我永远不会忘记我在长城看到的人和事。本句考察定语从句的关系词。A. who关系词，先行词为人；B. which关系词，先行词为物；C. whom关系词，先行词为人，在句中作宾语； D. that关系词，先行词为人或物。在定语从句中，当先行词既指人也指物时，如：the people and the things，关系词采用that。故选D。 2．﹣Look！This is the photo I took in Beijing World Gardening Expo（世界园艺博览会）in 2019． ﹣Wow，so great！ A．what B．who C．where D．that 【答案】D 【解析】【详解】句意：—看！这是我2019年在北京世界园艺博览会拍的照片。考查定语从句的关系代词，what不用在定语从句中，who先行词为人，在从句中作主语或者宾语，where先行词为地点，在从句中作状语，that先行词为人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语，the photo为先行词，从句中缺宾语，句意理解为﹣﹣看！这是我2019年在北京世界园艺博览会上拍的照片．﹣﹣哇，很不错．故选D。 3．A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A．whom B．whose C．who D．which 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】句意：真正的朋友是一个帮助你并且让你感动的人。考查定语从句的关系词。本句中先行词 person为定语从句的逻辑主语，且指人，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者who；结合句意和选项可知选C。【点睛】在定语从句中，当先行词是人时，引导词在定语从句中做主语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或who，引导词在定语从句中做宾语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或whom，引导词前面有介词时，必须用介词whom。例如，（1） The girl who is singing an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister. （2）The person that/whom you talked to just now is Tom’s father.=The person to whom you talked just now is Tom’s father. 在定语从句中，当先行词是物时，引导词在定语从句中做主语时，引导定语从句的先行词

定语从句专题训练

定语从句专题训练 Match the pictures and the sentences a.The boy who is watching the cartonn is laughing. b.A new school was set up in a village which has many trees. c.Yesterday we picked a lot of appels in an apple garden that was very beautiful. d.There is a picture on the computer which is on the table. e.I have a bird whose name is Percy. 1 4 2 3 5

一、概念在复合句中，修饰一个或的从句叫做定语从句；被定语从句所修饰的词叫；定语从句必须放在先行词之；引导定语从句的词叫关联词。如：［关联词］常见的关联词有关系代词that，which，who，whom，whose等。二、关系代词的用法 1. that 既指人又指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略。 Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。 The coat （that）I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。 2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略。 The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket. 位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。 The film （which）we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。 3.who、whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。 The girl who often helps me with my English is from England. 经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。 Who is the teacher （whom）Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？ 4.whose既可指人也可指物，在句中作定语，后面直接加名词。 He is the boy whose father is a policeman. [训练一] 1.A fridge is a machine is used for keeping food fresh. A.that B.who C.what D.whose 2.This is the skirt I bought for my sister. A.what B.where C.which D.what 3．The family ____ I stayed with in Paris are coming to London. A. whose B. which C . what D. whom 4．Are you the man ____ bicycle was stolen ? A. who is B .whose C. his D. of which the 5. Anyone ___ with what I said may raise your hand. A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree 6. This is the house in ___ my grandfather once lived. A. where B. that C. whose D. which 8.The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate A. who’s B. whose C. that of which. 9.The young lady we met yesterday is our new Chinese teacher. A.what B.whose C.whom D.which

定语从句的分类

定语从句的分类根据和主句的关系，定语从句可分为两类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，起着修饰限制作用。如果去掉，主句的意思就会受到影响，它和主句的关系密切，一般不可用逗号与主句隔开。非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，如果去掉，不会影响主句的意思。它和主句之间常用逗号隔开。非限制性定语从句译成汉语时常常可单独译成一句话。例：1）This is the best movie that I have seen. 这是我看过的最好的一部电影。比较：Last night, I saw a good movie, which(that×) was about Lei Feng. （= Last night, I saw a good movie。It was about Lei Feng.）昨天晚上，我们看了一部电影。这部电影是关于雷锋的故事。 2）She has a brother who/that is a policeman. 她有一个当警察的哥哥。（她可能不止有一个哥哥）比较：She has a brother, who(that×) is a policeman. （= She has a brother. He is a policeman.）她有一个哥哥，（他）是当警察的。（她只有一个哥哥） 3）My uncle, whom you’ve met before, is an engineer.（非限制性定语从句）（= My uncle is an engineer. And you’ve met him before.）我的叔叔是一个工程师，你以前曾经见过他。 4）Comrade Lei Feng, who served the people, gave us an excellent example. （属于非限制性定语从句）（=Comrade Lei Feng served the people. A he gave us an excellent example.）雷锋同志为人民服务，给我们树立了很好的。 5）We stopped at a small village, where we passed the night. （= We stopped at a small village. We passed the night there.）我们在一个小村庄停下来，在那里度过了一夜。【注】①非限制性定语从句不可用that引导，指人时who，whom，指物用which。而且who(m), which作宾语时不可省略（见第一部分㈢例2））。 ②两种定语从句的译法常常不同。 ●跟踪练习请判断下列每个划线的句子是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句，并译成汉语。 1）He lent all the books which/that had pictures in them. 2）He lent all the books, which had pictures in them. 3）This letter is from my sister, who is working in a hospital. 4）She is the nurse who looks after the children. Keys: 1）限2）非3）非4）限 1

定语从句语法详解

定语从句语法专题（Attributive Clauses）教案一．定语从句的概述： 1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。在句中做定语，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。从句通常放在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 eg She is the girl（who got the first prize.） girl先行词who充当从句主语，从句做定语修饰girl This is the boy who broke the window. 这就是打破窗子的孩子。 the boy是先行词，who broke the window是限制性定语从句，明确指出the boy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语 That is the house where he lived ten years ago. He is the man who/that lives next door. He is the manwhoI want to see. 先行词关系词定语从句复合句：是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子，复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语，主句是复合句的主体，可以独立存在，从句需要有一个连词引导，是修饰说明主句的，不能独立存在，根据在句中的不同作用，从句可以分为三类：定语从句，名词性从句，状语从句。二．引导定语从句的关系词有两大类： 1. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词：that, who, whom, whose, which，as（主，宾，定）关系副词：when, where, why.（状语） 2. 关系词的作用：（1）引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用；（2）代替先行词在句中充当成分。三．定语从句的分类：限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 1.限定性定语从句：限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或者失去意义。从句和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号隔开，也不可省略。

【初中英语】定语从句知识点总结

【初中英语】定语从句知识点总结一、定语从句 1．This is the most beautiful picture __________ I have ever seen. A．that B．which C．what D．who 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时，引导词应用that。结合句意和语境可知选A。点睛：限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况：当先行词是everything, anything, nothing （something 除外）, all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如： Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如： Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the best museum that I have visited all my life. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如：She is the only person that understands me. 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如： Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如：Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前面的那个人是谁？Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间？当先行词人与物时。如：Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 当先行词是reason, way（方法）等词时，关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如：She admired the way （that） they solved the questions. 2．Mr.Brown is a teacher is strict with all is students. A．which B．who C．where 【答案】B 【解析】【详解】句意“布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师”。本题考查定语从句。A.指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B.指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；C.表示地方，在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher，指人，在从句中作主语，故选B。【点睛】做定语从句的题时，可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词，要先看先行词指人、指

初中英语定语从句专题训练答案

初中英语定语从句专题训练答案一、定语从句 1．–Why are you so worried? -I’ve lost the watch ______ my dad bought me on my birthday. A．what B．who C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——你为什么如此担心？——我把那块我生日时爸爸买给我的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句，先行词是watch表示物，故关系代词只能用which或that；what不引导定语从句；who的先行词是人；whose表示所属；故选D。 2．I will never forget the fire ______________ happened in Shanghai last year. A．when B．where C．what D．which 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】考点：考查定语从句。【详解】试题分析：句意：我将永远不会忘记去年上海发生的火灾。先行词the fire是物，故其定语从句要用which引导。what不引导定语从句；when先行词是时间；where先行词是地点；根据题意，故选D。 3．–What are you looking for? –I’m looking for the storybook you lent to me last week. A．who B．which C．when 【答案】B 【解析】【详解】句意“-你正在找什么？-我正在找你上周借给我的故事书”。本题考查定语从句。A.who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；B.which指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；C.when表示时间，在从句中作状语。本句话中，先行词为the storybook，指物，且在从句中作宾语，故选B。

定语从句分类详解

定语从句一、限制性与非限制性定语从句（一）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用；而非限制性定语从句是对先行词起补充说明作用。非限制性定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往有逗号割开。非限制性定语从句相当于并列句、状语从句等。如： I want this man, who (=for he) can speak English. He gave up the plan, which (=though it) was a very good one. I met John, who (=and he) told me the news. I will take this one, which (=for it) seems to be the best one. He has two sons, who work in the same pany. (He has only two sons.) He has two sons who work in the same pany. (Perhaps he has more than two sons.) (二)非限制性定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的用法 1、关系代词和关系副词在任何情况下都不能省略； 2、Who（主语），whom（宾语），which（主语、宾语）不能用that代替，也不能互相替换； 3、介词+which/whom+从句结构中，介词不能移到从句的后面； 4、when, where可用于非限制性定语从句。二、关系代词的用法（一）关系代词的作用和分类 1、关系代词的作用有三个：（1）连接作用：关系代词引导从句，把它和主句连接起来；（2）替代作用：关系代词在从句中替代它前面的先行词；（3）成分作用：关系代词在从句中总是充当句子成分。 2、关系代词的用法分类关系代词的用法与分类有三点依据：（1）根据所引导的从句的限制性和非限制性；（2）根据所替代的先行词是指人还是指物；（3）根据它在从句中所充当的成分----主语、宾语、表语或者定语。（二）关系代词that和which的用法 1、限制性定语从句中，必须用关系代词that的情况：（1）当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, the one时。如：

定语从句用法详解

初中英语分类练习 ——定语从句【复习目标】 ▲掌握定语从句的意义及作用。 ▲区别各类引导词。【课前准备】 ●要求学生用定语从句造五个句子。【知识要点】在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。 1.由who引导的定语从句中，who用作主语，如：This is the boy who often helps me. 2.由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home. 3.由whose引导的定语从句中，whose用作定语，如：Do you know the girl whose skirt is white? 4.由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如： The room in which there is a machine is a work shop. The river which is in front of my house is very clean. 实用文档

This is the pen which you want. 注意： (1)whom, which用作介词宾语时，介词可放在whom、which之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上；但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。如：He is the very person whom we must take good care of. (2)引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which，不用that,如：I have lost my bag, which I like very much. (3)关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。 5.由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语，如： The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun. 注意在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。 (1)先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等，如： All that we have to do is to practise English. (2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如 The first letter that I got from him will be kept. (3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰，如 I've eaten up all the food that you gave me. 实用文档

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