口译-翻译二班第五组
2014040481042倪秋月
2014040481041王佩
2014040481066韩柳
2014040481065杜宇
Enquiry and Offer 询盘和报盘
A: Nice to meet you, Miss Han, I’m Smith, marketing manager of theOriental Company in New York.
A:很高兴见到您，韩小姐，我是史密斯，是纽约东方公司的市场经理。
B:史密斯小姐，欢迎你来中国，听说贵方对我公司的电子产品很感兴趣，是吗？
B: Miss. Smith, Welcome to China, I was told that you are very interested in our electronic products.
A: Yes, many of our customers are interested in your Midea Brand Microwave Oven. So we come here to consult something about this product.
A:是的，我方的大多数客户对贵公司的美的牌的微波炉很感兴趣。所以我们来是想咨询一下该产品。
B:这产品我们有几种不同等级的品质，价格也不等。
B: We can offer you this in three levels of quality, and the price is different.
A:We’d like to takethe one with fine quality and reasonable price.
A:我们倾向于性价比高的产品。
B:那你们可以选择经济型的，价格上便宜大约30%。
B: Thenthe economy model may be the best choice, whose price is about 30% less.
A:OK. We’ ll take that one.
A:好的。我们就要那一款。
Counter-offer and Bargain 还盘和讨价还价
A: Could you give me the price? And we hope that you could quote us the lowest C.I.F New York. A:您能报个价吗？希望贵方能给我方报纽约到岸价的最低价。
B:报价是每台纽约到岸价80美元。
B: We give you a price of US dollar 80 per piece C.I.F New York.
A: Oh, Miss Han, your price is too high, it is about 6% higher than those offered by other suppliers.
A:韩小姐，你们的报价太高了，比其他供货商的价格要高出大约6%了。
B:嗯，史密斯小姐，我们已经把价格压到生产费用的边缘了。而且如果您把质量考虑进去的话，您会发现我方价格是合理的。
B: Well,Mr.Smith,we’ve kept the price close to the costs of production.Moreover,ifyoutake quality into consideration,you will find our price reasonable.
A: If our order is a substantial one, how much will you bring your price down?
A:如果我方订购数量大的话，贵方能降价多少呢？
B:能否请你谈谈你方的需求数量？
B: Would you please tell me what quantity you require?
A: Five thousand.
A:5000个。
B:那我们给你5%的折扣。
B: OK. We couldgiveyoua5percentdiscount.
A: You know, Miss Han, your priceisnotcompetitiveatall,compared withthatintheinternationalmarket. We believe there is still much scope for you to reduce the price. And if you really want to get the business done, you need to lower your price at least by 15%.
A:韩小姐，你们的价格与国际市场价格相比毫无竞争性。相信贵方仍然还有很多降价的余地。如果贵方真的想达成这笔生意，你们至少要降价15%。
B:15%的折扣会大大削减我们的利润，我们各让一半怎么样？10%的折扣是我们能提供的最优惠的价格了。
B:15% discount would slash our profit margin, How about meeting each other halfway? 10% discount is the very best price we can make for you.
A: Ok, we accept it for our friendship and future cooperation.
A:好吧，为了我们的友谊以及今后的合作，我方同意这个价格。
Order and confirmation 订货和确认
A: Now we are pleased to give you an order for 5000 Microwave Ovens on the current stock at the prices you quoted.
A:我方很高兴按贵方所报价订购5000个微波炉，要求现货供应。
B:很高兴接到贵方订单，并确认予以接受。
B: We are glad to receive your order and confirm acceptance of it.
A: By the way, how long will it take you to get the goods ready for shipment? We hope that goods would arrive in time for the new year rush.
A:顺便问一下，贵方需要多久才能把货物准备好发运？我方希望货物能在新年购物热时及时运达。
B: We usually ship the goods about two months from date of order, but to meet your demand, we can manage to advance the shipment by one month.
B:我们通常是从下订单起两个月发货，但为了满足贵方的需求，我们可以将运货期提前一个月。
A: That’s great. Hope you can d eliver thegoodsatthetime.
A:那样就太好了，希望贵方能按时交货。
B:您大可放心，我们一定按合同规定如期交货。而且我们真诚地保证质量、数量与合同规定相吻合。
B: You can rest assured thatthe shipmentwillbe effected according to the contract stipulation. And we sincerely promise that both quality and quantity are in conformity with the contract stipulations.
A: OK, when shall we sign the contract?
A:好的，那我们什么时候签合同呢？
B:我们会先草拟一份合同电邮给您，如果您觉得草案中有什么地方不清楚的，我们下次再议，但是如果贵方同意所有的条款，我方将准备好合同明早十点签署，您觉得如何？
B: We’ll draw up a rough draft of the contract and send it to you in email, if you find anything unclear in the draft, we can talk about it next time. But if you are in agreement on all the terms, we’ll have the contract ready to be signed tomorrow morning at ten. How’s that?
A: No problem.
A:没问题。
中级口译教程词汇翻译
第二单元接待口译Interpreting for Reception Service 2-1 机场迎宾Greeting at the Airport 人力资源部经理：manager of Human Resources. Top-notch: 顶尖的 能够成行：make it 不辞辛苦：in spite of the tiring trip 百忙中抽空：take time from busy schedule run into a storm:下暴雨 Be held up: 耽搁clear up:天气转好 Attending service：服务倒时差：get over the jet-lag 行李齐了：get all the luggage 下榻宾馆：take sb.to the hotel 设宴洗尘：host a reception in one’s honor 总裁：chairman 杂技表演：acrobatic show 2-2 宾馆入住Hotel Accommodation Check-in: 登记住宿预定房间：have a reservation with 确认函：confirmation letter travel agency：旅行社 Itinerary：行程表accommodation：住宿 双人间：double room 豪华套房：a deluxe suite 8折优惠价：have a good rate with 20% off morning cal：:叫醒 Photo-copy：复印express mail：快递邮件 总台：Front desk 餐饮部：Catering Service 洗熨部：Laundry Service 楼层服务台：Floor Service Desk Fitness exercise：健身教练：coach 2-3 宴会招待Banquet Service 敬业（的专家）：dedicated（experts）contribute one’s share：尽了…责任Maneuver ：机动，演习，策略，调遣大自然所赐予的：Mother Nature grant us Cuisine：菜系色，香，味，形：color，aroma,taste,appearance 食物的质地：raw materials with quality texture 调料：seasonings 原汁原味：original flavor appetizing：引起食欲的 特色点心：special snack 酸甜适口：a sweet and sour sauce 皮薄汁醇：with thin and translucent wrappers and rish tasty soup. 皮脆肉嫩：(with a ) crispy skin and tender meat figure out：想出 好戏还在后头：have more surprises to expect 祝酒：drink to (the health) of sb. 干杯：cheers 2-4 参观访问Getting Around 高科技园区：High-Tech Park 业务经理：operation manager 鸟瞰：take a bird’s eye view of 言归正传：come back to story 走马观花：cast a passing glance at flowers while riding on horsehack 显目审批权：be authorized to approve projects (with) 优惠政策：preferential policies 与国际管理体制接轨：operate under the management system of international standards 跨国公司：multinationals 骨干企业：enterprises of pillar industries 生物技术：biotechnology 高技术产业链：high-tech industry chains 一条龙服务：a stream –lined one-stop service 生态型开发：ecological conservation 可持续发展：sustainable development 绿草成茵：boasts stretches of green grass 流水潺潺：streams murmuring 鸟儿啁啾：birds chirping 四季花香：fragrant flowers blossoming all year round 安保服务：security service
翻译原则
随着我国加入世界贸易组织，经济全球化的进一步发展，社会各界对于英语类人才需求剧增，在这个大环境大背景下，许多英语专业的大学毕业生选择了做翻译的这条路，人数一多了，自然良莠不齐，那么，如何成为一名优秀的译者呢？ 首先，你必须具备扎实的基本功，雄厚的基本知识，古人云：工欲善其事必 先利其器。如果没有雄厚的基础知识，扎实的专业素养，其他方面你做的再好， 也无济于事。拥有扎实的专业知识是你从事这项工作的最基本的前提和基础。那 么，基础知识都有哪些方面呢？第一，词汇，作为一名译者，庞大的词汇量是远 远不够的，恐怖的词汇量刚刚好。厚积而薄发，最后达到庖丁解牛，游刃而有余。 第二，语法。语法是一个貌似不重要其实很重要的东西。可能这句话说得有点绕， 不过没有关系，也许这就是辩证法。有些长句子，可能你每个词都认识，可就是 译不出来，怎么办呢？这时候，就轮到我们的语法知识登场了，其实个人认为语 法还能锻炼人的逻辑思维能力，也许好多人看完之后都会恶补语法，我对此的建 议是不要急于求成，莫急莫急，欲速则不达。第三点，沟通能力，也叫语言表述 能力。这一点对于口译工作者尤为重要，设想一个缺乏语言表达意识的人去给人 人做翻译，岂不是滑天下之大稽乎？具体说一下，我这里说的语言表述能力不单 单指英文的语言表述能力，也指中文。我见过一些海归的同胞，英语说得很流畅， 汉语？不敢恭维….更有一个特点，就是他们喜欢讲汉语的时候带上一些英文的 单词。诸位，语言是文明的象征，是世界上最值得尊重的事物之一。你可以讲不 好这是能力问题，你亵渎它？这就是态度问题。对于英汉混搭的这种现象，我的 评价是这样的：用一种另类的方式想证明自己与他人的“不同”。其实没有必要， 完全没有必要，大家都是中国人，不是么？ 其次，学会做人。我将这一点放在第二位并不代表我说他不重要，学会做人 是从事其他一切活动的前提和最基本的要求，试想一下，人都做不好，还做什么？ 小时候老师就教育我，长大好读书，从小学做人。那么怎样才能做人呢？太史慈 曾经说过：大丈夫生于乱世，当带三尺剑立不世之功。但现在毕竟不是乱世，我 们也不是太史慈。在此我也不想讲那些道学先生口中的老的掉牙的仁义道德，作 为一个译者，要爱自己的祖国。不得不说译员们接触的外界事物多，所以啊很容 易产生“西方的什么东西都好”这种想法，什么东西都和国外比，这个如何如何， 那个如何如何。时间久了，就开始针砭时弊，议论起时政来。对此，我的态度是：
历年上海英语翻译中级口译汉译英真题及答案
历年上海英语翻译中级口译汉译英真题及答案 原文： 越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。中国的崛起，让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处——既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。 这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。曾几何时，他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，而且还不时走访中国，欣赏壮观的自然风光，认识丰富的文化遗产。 译文： An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West. They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage. 解析： 本段是一篇文化类介绍文章。总体难度一般，以句号结束的句子即可作为一
历年上海英语中级口译翻译英译汉真题及答案
历年上海英语中级口译翻译英译汉真题及答案 原文： 出自Newsweek Why We Must Fire Bad Teachers The relative decline of American education at the elementary- and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nation’s future. Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world. Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Lithuania, behind at least 10 other nations. For much of this time—roughly the last half century—professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be well. They tried New Math, open classrooms, Whole Language—but nothing seemed to achieve significant or lasting improvements. Yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied. What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, or even the curriculum, is the quality of the teacher. Much of the ability to teach is innate—an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess (and some people definitely do not). Teaching can be taught, to some degree, but not the way many graduate schools of education do it, with a lot of insipid or marginally relevant theorizing and pedagogy. In any case the research shows that within about five years, you can generally tell who is a good teacher and who is not. 我们为什么必须叫停“不称职”的老师?
中级口译教程词汇翻译
第二单元 接待口译 Interpreting for Reception Service 2- 1 机场迎宾 Greeting at the Airport 人力资源部经理:manager of Human Resources. 能够成行:make it 百忙中抽空：take time from busy schedule Be held up:耽搁 Attending service ：服务 行齐 了: get all the luggage 设宴洗尘:host a reception in one's honor 杂技表演：acrobatic show 2- 2 宾馆入住 Hotel Accommodation Check-in:登记住宿 确认函:confirmation letter Itinerary ：行程表 双人间：double room 8 折优惠价：have a good rate with 20% off Photo-copy ：复印 总台：Front desk 洗熨部:Laundry Service Fitness exercise ：健身 2-5 宴会招待 Banquet Service 敬业(的专家)：dedicated (experts) Maneuver :机动，演习,策略，调遣 Cuisine ：菜系 食物的质地:raw materials with quality texture 原汁原味：original flavor 特色点心：special snack 预立房间：have a reservation with travel agency: 旅行社 accommodation ：住宿 豪华套房：a deluxe suite morning cal ：:叫醒 express mail ： 快递 餐饮部：Catering Service 楼层服务台：Floor Service Desk 教练：coach contribute one's share ： 尽了 …责任 大自然所赐予的:Mother Nature grant us 色，香，味，形:color t aromadaste.appearance 调料：seasonings appetizing ：引起食欲的 酸甜适口: a sweet and sour sauce 皮薄汁醇：with thin and translucent wrappers and rish tasty soup ? 皮脆肉嫩：(with a ) crispy skin and tender meat figure out ：想出 好戏还在后头：have more suiprises to expect 祝洒：drink to (the health) of sb. 干杯：cheers 2- 4 参观访问 Getting Around 高科技园 区:High-Tech Park 鸟瞰:take a bird's eye view of 走马观花：cast a passing glance at flowers while riding on horsehack 显目审批权：be authorized to approve projects (with)优惠政策：preferential policies 与国际管理体制接轨:operate under the management system of international standards 跨国公司:multinationals 生物技术：biotechnology 一条龙服务：a stream -lined one-stop service 可持续发展：sustainable development 流水潺潺：streams murmuring 四季花香:fragrant flowers blossoming all year round 安保服务:security service Top-notch:顶尖的 不辞辛苦：in spite of the tiring trip nin into a stomi:下暴雨 clear up:天气转好 倒时差:get over the jet-lag 下榻宾馆:lake sb.to the hotel 总裁：chairman 业务经理:operation manager 言 归正传:come back to story 件干企业：enterprises of pillar industries 高技术产业链:high-tech industry chains 生态型开发：ecological conservation 绿草成茵：boasts stretches of green grass 鸟儿蜩啾:birds chirping
口译中的中文称谓
我国有一些常见的荣誉称号(honorary title) 在许多英语国家没有对应的表达语，现列举部分英译供参考： 标兵pacemaker 学习标兵student pacemaker; model student 劳动模范model worker 模范教师model teacher 优秀教师excellent teacher 优秀员工outstanding employee; employee of the month / year 青年标兵model youth / youth pacemaker 青年突击手youth shock worker 三好学生"triple-A" outstanding student; outstanding student 三八妇女红旗手"March 8th Red Banner" outstanding woman pacemaker 校长（大学）President of Beijing University 校长（中小学）Principal /Headmaster of Donghai Middle School 院长（大学下属）Dean of the Graduate School 系主任（大学学院下属）Chair/Chairman of the English Department 会长／主席（学／协会）President of the Student Union, Shanghai University 厂长（企业）Director of the Machine Tools Manufacturing Plant 院长（医院）President of Huadong Hospital 主任（中心）Director of the Business Center 主任（行政）Director of Foreign Affairs Office 董事长（企业）President／Chairman of the Board of Directors 董事长（学校）President／Chairman of the Board of Trustees 首席长官的汉语称谓常以“总……”表示，而表示首席长官的英语称谓语则常带有chief general, head , managing 这类词，因此当翻译冠以“总”字的头衔时，需遵循英语头衔的表达习惯： 总书记general secretary 总工程师chief engineer 总会计师chief accountant 总建筑师chief architect 总编辑chief editor; editor-in-chief; managing editor 总出纳chief cashier; general cashier 总裁判chief referee 总经理general manager; managing director; executive head 总代理general agent 总教练head coach 总导演head director 总干事secretary-general; commissioner 总指挥commander-in-chief; generalissimo 总领事consul-general 总监chief inspector; inspector-general；chief impresario 总厨head cook; chef
中级口译教程词汇翻译
. 第二单元接待口译Interpreting for Reception Service 2-1 机场迎宾Greeting at the Airport 人力资源部经理：manager of Human Resources. Top-notch: 顶尖的 能够成行：make it 不辞辛苦：in spite of the tiring trip 百忙中抽空：take time from busy schedule run into a storm:下暴雨 Be held up: 耽搁clear up:天气转好 Attending service：服务倒时差：get over the jet-lag 行李齐了：get all the luggage 下榻宾馆：take sb.to the hotel 设宴洗尘：host a reception in one's honor 总裁：chairman 杂技表演：acrobatic show 2-2 宾馆入住Hotel Accommodation Check-in: 登记住宿预定房间：have a reservation with 确认函：confirmation letter travel agency：旅行社 Itinerary：行程表accommodation：住宿 双人间：double room 豪华套房：a deluxe suite 8折优惠价：have a good rate with 20% off morning cal：:叫醒 Photo-copy：复印express mail：快递邮件 总台：Front desk 餐饮部：Catering Service 洗熨部：Laundry Service 楼层服务台：Floor Service Desk Fitness exercise：健身教练：coach 2-3 宴会招待Banquet Service 敬业（的专家）：dedicated（experts）contribute one's share：尽了…责任Maneuver ：机动，演习，策略，调遣大自然所赐予的：Mother Nature grant us Cuisine：菜系色，香，味，形：color，aroma,taste,appearance 食物的质地：raw materials with quality texture 调料：seasonings 原汁原味：original flavor appetizing：引起食欲的 特色点心：special snack 酸甜适口：a sweet and sour sauce 皮薄汁醇：with thin and translucent wrappers and rish tasty soup. 皮脆肉嫩：(with a ) crispy skin and tender meat figure out：想出 好戏还在后头：have more surprises to expect 祝酒：drink to (the health) of sb. 干杯：cheers 2-4 参观访问Getting Around 高科技园区：High-Tech Park 业务经理：operation manager
职称称呼中英文对照
董事长 Chairman 总经理 General Manager; C.E.O(Chief Executive Officer) 经理 Manager 销售部经理 Sales Manager 副总经理 Deputy General Manager 财务主管 Controller 会计Accountant 采购员 Purchaser 出纳员 Cashier 计算机工程师 Computer Engineer 高级工程师 Senior Engineer 设计师 Designer 机械师 Mechanic 顾问 Adviser Consultant Interpreter 口语翻译 Technical Translator 技术翻译 Translator 翻译员 质检员 Quality Inspector Office Controller 技师 Technician Manufacturing Engineer 制造工程师 Manufacturing Worker 生产员工 Technical Worker 技术工人 Planning Manager 企划部经理 deputy Planning manager企划部副经理 Engineering manager 工程部经理 Administrative Assistant 行政助理 采购主管 Procurement charge 网络维护 Network Maintenance 主管 Charge 验收员 Members of acceptance 保管员 Custodians 质检员 QA （Quality Assurance） 品牌执行经理 Brand Executive Manager 技术代表 Technical Representative 科技研发高级经理 technology research and development senior manager 技术部 Technology 市场销售经理 marketing manager 全国市场部 National Marketing
英语翻译十大原则(下)
Test Bible 考试手册 T e s t B i b l e 考试手考考试试册 Ne N e w Or r O ie e nt t n al a l E g ng li i sh h s 51◎ 文 / 张驰新 在前两期(分别参见2010年7~8月合刊与10月号)的内容中，笔者与大家探讨了英译 汉的三大原则以及汉译英的三大原则，本期笔者将为大家呈现英汉互译中的其他四个原 则，希望能给喜爱翻译的读者朋友带来一定的启示。 时态原则 时态绝对不仅仅表示时间概念，有时还可以体现出感情因素，因而译者需根据时态体会出原文的感情，并将之适当地体现在译文当中。下面笔者选取了几个具有代表性的英译汉和汉译英的例子，供大家细细品味。 1. She would spend hours dressing herself in ? ne clothes, and brushing her black hair. Then she would stand by the mirror and admire herself. 她总是要花好几个小时打扮：穿上漂亮的衣服，梳理乌黑的头发。之后，她还常常站在镜子前自我欣赏一番。 解析：这个例句利用过去将来时(would spend和would stand)来强调“she”所特有的行为，同时包含着作者的不耐烦情绪，因而翻译时，加上了副词“总是”和“常常”来表达这一情绪。 2. As a result we were going to be living in a fundamentally unmanaged economic system. 因此，我们可能要生活在一个根本无法掌控的经济体制中。 解析：该例句也使用了过去将来进行时(were going to be living)，不过此处并不表示“总是”的意味，而是表示一种“发生几率很小的可能”，因而翻译时增译了“可能”。 3. 中华民族历来爱好自由与和平。 The Chinese people are always cherishing freedom and peace. 解析：这个例句如果翻译成一般现在时，即“The Chinese people always cherish freedom and peace.”便失去了对“中华民族爱好自由与和平”的赞美之意，而如果使用现在进行时，则能够体现出原句的“ 精气神”，突出“中华民族爱好自由与和平”这一传统的源远流长。 4. 中国人民更加珍惜自由与和平。 The Chinese people have cherished freedom and peace than ever . 解析：此句将“更加”译成“现在完成时+than ever”的句型，不仅加强了语气，而且表达了对自由与和平会“一直珍惜”的强烈情感。 5. a. 届时，请您着正装。 At that time, you will be wearing formal attire. Learning Corner 学习频道New Oriental English . 15
中级口译历年真题--翻译篇
中级口译历年真题--翻译篇 2012年春季（3月） 英译汉原文： When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960′s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and Polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions. Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it we re the words: “Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.” It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you. 英译汉参考译文： 我年轻的时候，有本非常好的杂志《全球目录》，这是我们那代人的“圣经”之一。杂志的创办人是斯图尔特·布兰德，创办地是在离这里不远的门罗公园，他赋予了这本杂志诗一样的美感。六十年代后期，个人电脑和桌面排版尚未出现，所以这本杂志完全利用打字机、剪刀、偏光镜来完成，有点像平装本的谷歌，却出现在谷歌问世三十五年前。这本杂志充满了理想色彩，充满了整齐利落的工具、不同寻常的见解。 斯图尔特和他的团队出版了几期《全球目录》，在它完成使命后，他们出版了最后一期杂志。那是在七十年代中期，那时我和你们的年龄相仿。杂志最后一期的封底上是张清晨的乡村公路的照片，那样的路，如果你有些冒险精神，可能会一路搭车走过。照片下面有两句话：“求知若饥，虚怀若愚”，这是他们停刊的告别语，“求知若饥，虚怀若愚”，我总是以此鼓励自己。现在，当你们即将毕业踏上新的旅程，我给予你们同样的期望。 翻译评析： 这篇短文取自于乔布斯在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲。语言比较口语化，词汇不难。因为是演讲类短文，所以考生在翻译的时候大可以顺序驱动。节选的这个短文有几处的词汇和短语大家可以注意下： poetic：充满诗情画意的 idealistic: 理想主义的 run his course: 完成使命 hitchhiking: 搭乘 sign off: 停止签发，停止 汉译英： 吸烟之危害，可谓大矣，其严重性是不能低估的。吸烟污染空气，损害健康，使肺癌发病率大大增加。为了使各国人民关注烟草的盛行及预防吸烟导致的疾病和死亡，世界卫生组织已将每年的5月31日定为“世界无烟日”。 瘾君子们说，一天饭不吃可以，一个时辰不抽烟就难捱了，不能戒。只要真正意识到吸烟有百害而无一利，于人于己都是一种祸害，就有可能下决心摆脱烟草的诱惑。戒烟贵在坚持，坚持下去就是收获。 参考译文： Smoking does great harm to human and its gravity should not be underestimated. Smoking pollutes air, damages health, and increases the incidence of lung cancer. To arouse the awareness about the prevalence of tobacco in all the countries and to prevent smoking-induced diseases and deaths, the WHO (World Health Organization) has defined May 31st in every year as World No-Tobacco Day. The tobacco addicts say that smoking is impossible to quit because they could do without meals in a day but would feel tortured without tobacco in two hours. However, when one realizes that smoking is harmful in many ways but beneficial in no way and that it is a curse to others as well
称谓翻译小技巧
称谓翻译小技巧：口译中遇到令人发狂的称谓怎么办 作者: star_zhang 【口语听力技巧16】翻译小技巧：口译中遇到令人发狂的称谓怎么办 在外事接待活动中，译员首先面临的一道难题是称谓的口译。称谓代表了一个人的职位、职衔或学衔，体现了一个人的资历和地位。称谓的误译不仅是对有关人员的不尊重，而且也会产生种种不良的后果。称谓的准确翻译其关键在于译员对有关人员的身份及其称谓的表达是否有一个正确的理解，尤其是对称谓语的认识。一种称谓语很可能表示多种身份，例如，英语的头衔语president，译成汉语时可视具体情况分别译作共和国的总统、国家主席、大学的校长、学院的院长、学会或协会的会长或主席、公司的总裁或董事长等等。 一般说来，各类机构或组织的首长其汉语称谓译成英语时虽可套用通用词head，但从比较严格的意义上看，应使用特定的、规范的称谓语。例如： 校长（大学）President of Beijing University 校长（中小学）Principal /Headmaster of Donghai Middle School 院长（大学下属）Dean of the Graduate School 系主任（大学学院下属）Chair/Chairman of the English Department 会长／主席（学／协会）President of the Student Union, Shanghai University 厂长（企业）Director of the Machine Tools Manufacturing Plant 院长（医院）President of Huadong Hospital 主任（中心）Director of the Business Center 主任（行政）Director of Foreign Affairs Office 董事长（企业）President／Chairman of the Board of Directors 董事长（学校）President／Chairman of the Board of Trustees 首席长官的汉语称谓常以“总……”表示，而表示首席长官的英语称谓语则常带有chief gene ral, head , managing 这类词，因此当翻译冠以“总”字的头衔时，需遵循英语头衔的表达习惯： 总书记general secretary 总工程师chief engineer 总会计师chief accountant 总建筑师chief architect
翻译的原则
翻译的原则 谈到翻译，同学们常提的问题是“翻译有哪些标准?”其实，最常见的翻译标准就是严复提出的“信”、”达”、“雅”三个标准。 自严复提出翻译中的三件难事“信”、“达”、“雅”起，“信”、“达”、“雅”就一直是占主导地位的翻译标准。什么是“信”、“达”和“雅”呢? 1 “信” “信”主要是指忠实于原作的内容。译者必须把原作的内容完整而准确地表达出来，不得有任何篡改、歪曲、遗漏或任意增、删的现象。本质上讲，“信”要求译者首先要完全读懂原文。这是最基本的要求。那么，怎样才能完全读懂原文呢?下面我们介绍看懂原文的三个原则。 (1) 读取实义信息 这条原则的意思是，学生要从原句中尽可能多地摘出表达实际内容的信息。具体地讲，就是读取名词、动词和形容词等实义词。拥有了这些信息，原句大意就基本明白了。 【例】Symposium talks will cover a wide range of subjects from overfishing to physical a nd environmental factors that affect the populations of different species. 【译文】座谈会的话题涉及面会很广泛，包括过度捕捞鱼类问题以及影响不同物种数量的自然知环境因素等问题。 【分析】cover是关键动词，即谓语，译作“涉及”；另外，注意准确翻译出“overfishing”和“species”等名词的意思。 (2)参考上下文 翻译的句子往往出现在一整段文章中。句子中很可能包含一些代词。我们很难判断这些代词究竟指代的是什么。因此，参考前文是十分必要的。在段落中要搞清划线的句子和其他句子之间的关系，特别要弄清代词it, they, them, this，that, these，those，other所指代的词或词组。这些词和词组有时在划线的部分就能找到，有时则要到前面有关的句子中去找，这样的例子在历年的试题中都是很多的。 (3)难句自主补遗 在翻译中，为了拔高，出题人经常设计一些难懂的句子。有些句子甚至违背英语的语法原则。因此，同学们在把握了句子的大意，基本翻译成中文后，应该抛开英文原句，按照中文的逻辑，添入一些欠缺的内容，以使句子完整。 2 “达” 在做到了“信”这一步之后，更高的要求是什么呢?这就是——“达”。 “达”主要是指语言通顺易懂、符合规范。译文必须是明白晓畅的现代语言，没有逐词死译、硬译的现象没有语言晦涩、拗口的现象；没有文理不通、结构混乱、逻辑不清的现象。译文不通顺，问题往往出在语言逻辑转换上。换句话说，英语句子结构和中文句子结构是不同的。举例来说，一个单词在句子中位置不同可以导致句子意思大相径庭。 3 “雅”
中级口译历年翻译真题
英译中 The shape of the world is changing almost as dramatically as this city's skyline. Today the cold war is over. The risk of the global nuclear conflict has been greatly reduced and the free flow of goods and ideas is bringing to life the concept of a global village. But just as all nations can benefit from the promise of this new world, no nation is immune to its perils. We all have a stake in building peace and prosperity, and in confronting threats that respects no borders—terrorism and drug trafficking, disease and environmental destruction. To meet these challenges most effectively, China and the United States must act in concert. Some argue that with the Cold War's end, the strategic importance of the US-China relationship has diminished. I believe they have it exactly backwards. As a new century begins, the importance of strengthening the ties between the United States and China will grow even greater. 【参考译文】 世界的面貌正在发生引人注目的变化，其变化之快几乎就象这座城市德空中轮廓。今天，冷战已经结束。全球核冲突的危险性已大大减小，商品和思想的自由交流正在激发地球村的概念。但是，正如世界各国会受益于这个新世界的美好前景，没有一个国家能够免遭其祸害。缔造和平与繁荣，抵御不分国界的诸多威胁---恐怖主义、贩毒、疾病和环境破坏，这些与我们大家都有着利害关系。 为了最有效地迎接这些挑战，中国和美国必须协力行动。有些人说，随着冷战的结束，美中关系的战略意义已经减弱了。我认为这些人刚好说反了。随着新世纪的开始，加强美国和中国的联系，其重要性将变得更大。 中译英 手术室的门开了，我和爸爸急忙走进去。啊，妈妈那双炯炯有神的大眼睛紧闭着，平进红红的脸现在苍白了。 望着病中的妈妈，我想起了1981年夏天奶奶生病的情景。 那年是上海少有的炎热天气。奶奶住院了，妈妈一天要去医院好几次，晚上还要去看护奶奶。妈妈多少天没有好好吃饭，好明显的瘦了。 妈妈是音乐教师，好不仅用歌声教育学生什么是爱，也用实际行动告诉我孝敬父母是我们中华民族的美德。现在妈妈生病了，我一定要好好照顾她，做一个孝敬妈妈的好女儿。 【参考译文】 The operating room opened, and Dad and I hurried in. Oh, Mom’s big, bright eyes were closed tight, and her normally red face looked pale. Looking at sick Mom, I recalled the summer of 1981 when Granny was ill. That summer was unusually hot in Shanghai. Granny was hospitalized. Mom went to the hospital several times a day, and in the evening she was also there looking after Granny. Having had no good meal several days running, Mom was obviously thinning. Mom is a music teacher. She not only teacher her students what love is all about with her songs but tells me by what she does that showing filial respect to parents is a virtue of our Chinese nation. Now that Mom is sick, I must take good care of her and be a fine daughter who is filial towards Mom.