a cyclic adc with pixel noise and column wise offset canceling for cmos image sensors

A Cyclic A/D Converter with Pixel Noise and Column-wise Offset Canceling for CMOS

Image Sensors

Masanori Furuta(1),Shoji Kawahito(1),Toru Inoue(2)and Yukinari Nishikawa(1)

(1)The Research Institute of Electronics,Shizuoka University,

Jhohoku3–5–1,Hamammatsu,432–8011,Japan.

(2)Photron Ltd.,Chiyodafujimi BLDG.,Fujimi,1-1-8Chiyodaku,Tokyo,102–0071,Japan.

mfuruta@idl.rie.shizuoka.ac.jp,

Abs t r act:

A cyclic analog-to-digital converter(ADC)with pixel noise and column-wise offset canceling for CMOS im-age sensors is presented.By adding cross connection switches to a cyclic ADC,a column-wise?xed pattern noise due to the ampli?er’s offset variations is greatly reduced.The proposed ADC also acts as a pixel noise canceller.The ADC is optimized with respect to area and power consumption in order to allow the integra-tion of a parallel array at the column of the image sen-sors.A prototype12-bit cyclic ADC implemented us-ing a0.25μm CMOS technology exhibits a4LS

B maxi-mum integral non-linearity(INL)and0.9LSB maximum differential non-linearity(DNL)without calibration and 1.5mVp-p column-wise offset deviation.The AD

C has 62dB signal-to-noise ratio at1Msample/s.The power dis-sipation is0.43mW at3.3V supplies,and the area of one channel is0.04×1.2mm2.

1.In t rod uct ion

Many imaging systems for industrial and machine vision applications require a wide dynamic range image sensor with a combination of high-speed processing.CMOS im-age sensors are ideal for these applications because of the possibility for on-chip parallel image processing and in-herent low power consumption.The basic architecture of an on-sensor parallel image processing system is illus-trated in Figure 1.Column parallel image data are dig-itized at the column using an analog-to-digital converter (ADC)array,and the digitized data are directly processed at the column parallel processing array.This architec-ture is ideal for high-speed image processing while main-taining the high?ll factor and resulting high sensitivity of the image array[1].In this architecture,the dynamic range and the speed are limited by the performance of the column ADC.In conventional approaches,a single-slope, successive approximation,and two-stage cyclic ADC’s are used for the column ADC[2][3][4],and the resolution was limited to8to9bits.

In this paper,we propose a high-speed cyclic ADC with 12b resolution suitable for the column implementation of

Figure1:Architecture of the CMOS image sensor with an on-chip parallel processor.

the ADC in the system of Fig.1.The proposed cyclic ADC has a function of pixel and column-wise?xed pat-tern noise canceling with a little increase of circuit com-plexity.The original form of the cyclic ADC without the noise canceling function has been reported independently by one of the authors[5][6]and in[7].A test structure of the proposed cyclic ADC is implemented with0.25μm CMOS technology and tested.In the following the archi-tecture and the experimental results of the implemented cyclic ADC are described.

2.ADC a r c hi t e ctu re

Figure2shows the circuit schematic of the proposed cyclic ADC with the pixel and column-wise FPN cancel-

Proceedings of ESSCIRC,Grenoble,France,2005

ref

Figure2:Schematic of a ampli?er shared cyclic ADC with offset canceling.

ing.Important parts of this converter are cross connected paths at the op-amp output for offset cancellation and the correlated double sampling function for the input signal. It is possible to use only one ampli?er and six capacitors for performing the two-stage cyclic ADC.

The timing diagram of this circuit is shown in Fig.3.The circuit con?gurations during the initial phases of the noise and offset cancellation are shown in Figures4(a)and4(b), respectively.In the signal sampling phase,the signal level of the pixel output V

si g is connected to the capacitor C2. Simultaneously,the offset voltage of op-amp is sampled by capacitors,C3and C6.In order to?t the pixel signal swing into the full scale range of the ADC the reference

voltage V+

re f is connected to C5.In the reset sampling

phase,the reset level of the pixel output V re s is given to the input of C2while C3and C6are connected across the feedback paths of the ampli?er.The input of C5is con-

nected to a reference voltage V?

re f .With these operations,

this circuit performs the correlated double sampling for the input signal and the ampli?er offset canceling.The output at the end of the reset sampling is given by

V out=V si g?V re s?V re f?V off(1) if all the capacitors are same size and there is no capac-itor mismatch,where V re f=V+re f?V?re f,and V off is

the offset voltage of the ampli?er.The ampli?er output is sampled by capacitors C1and C4.

The circuit con?gurations for the cyclic ADC mode are shown in Figures4(c)and4(d).In the cyclic ADC mode,

V in

R

A

B

1

2

1

’

1

’’

2

’

Figure3:Timing diagram of proposed A/D converter.

the circuit multiples the incoming analog residue by a fac-tor of two and subtracts a voltage±V re f or zero,depend-ing on the decision bits from the previous stage.The re-sulting new residue is fed into the decision circuit,where it is compared with the reference levels±1/4V re f to gen-erate a new set of decision bits.During the even cycles whereφ2is active,the top plates of C1and C4are con-nected to the input of the ampli?er,while the bottom plates are connected to the reference signals.Depending on the three-range-decision of the1.5-bit ADC,φ2(?1),φ2(0) orφ2(+1)switches are closed.φ2(0)shorts the top plates of C1and C4,leading to a multiplication by a factor of two of the stored signal.φ2(+1)orφ2(?1)connect C1 and C4to the reference rails to subtract or add the refer-ence voltage.During this phase,C2and C5are connected to the ampli?er,thus sampling the residue of the?rst cy-cle.In the followingφ1phase,the top plates of C2and C5are connected to the ampli?er inputs and the bottom plates are connected to the reference signals.The opera-tion is the same as in theφ2phase,only the role of C2,C5 and C1,C4are exchanged.For N-bit resolution,the above operation is repeated for N-1times.

The offset results in an error signal V off at the output of the op amp that is added to the residue signal.There-fore,if the polarity of the error voltage is inverted during the signal sampling at the initial phase,the error voltage of the?rst residue ampli?er by a factor of two will be subtracted from the second residue.As a result,the er-ror voltage after one cycle of the A/D conversion is again +V off?2V off=?V off.This means that the offset error is not ampli?ed while the signal component is ampli?ed by a factor of two.The total offset error at the ampli?er output after repeating N-1cycles is also ideally?V off. The input referred offset becomes?V off/2N?1≈0.If the offset canceling technique at the initial phase is not used,the offset error at the ampli?er output after N-1cy-cles is V off(1+21+22+...+2N?1),and the input referred offset is approximately2V off.

(c)(d)

66

Figure4:Circuit con?guration duringφA in Fig.2, (b)Circuit con?guration during phaseφB,(c)Circuit con-?guration duringφ1,(d)Circuit con?guration during phaseφ2.

3.Experimen ta l Res u l t s

A1Msample/s12-bit cyclic ADC array was designed us-ing the proposed techniques.To demonstrate the off-set cancellation,an array consisting of10ADC’s is in-tegrated.The test chip shown in Fig.5was fabricated in0.25μm1P4M CMOS technology.Each ADC occu-pies an area of0.04×1.2mm2.Figure6shows plots of the

linearity.The measured DNL and INL are+0.6LSB/-

0.9LSB,and+4LSB/3.5LSB,respectively.The SNR ver-

sus sampling frequency for an input frequency of1kHz

is shown in Figure7.The size of sampling capacitors is

0.5pF.At1Msample/s the power consumption for3.3V

supply of a single ADC channel is0.43mW.

Figure8shows the measurement result of the offset volt-

age variation of10ADC’s.In Fig.8,the converter has ±12LSB of offset variation without offset cancellation. With offset cancellation,it is improved to±1.5LSB with

the full scale level of2.0V,and the remaining column-

wise offset error is1.5mV peak-to-peak.Table1summa-

rizes the measured performance of the ADC.

4.Con c l u sion

An offset cancellation technique for a cyclic ADC for

CMOS image sensors has been described.The measure-

ment results of the test12-bit1MSample/s ADC array in

Figure5:Chip photograph.

-2

-1

1

2

01024204830724096 -10

-5

5

10

01024204830724096 D

N

L

[

L

S

B

]

I

N

L

[

L

S

B

]

Output code

Figure6:DNL and INL of the ADC.

a0.25μm CMOS show the proposed ADC greatly reduces the offset variation.The ADC has a residual offset error of1.5mV peak-to-peak,a SNR of62dB at1MSample/s. Using the ADC array,a image signals can be read out at the rate of3900frame/s for a256×256pixel array.

5.A c knowledgmen t s

This work was supported by the Knowledge Cluster Ini-tiative of Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology.

Referen c es:

[1]R.Forchheimer,A.Astrom,“Near-sensor image pro-

cessing:A new paradigm,”IEEE Trans.Image Pro-

cessing,pp.736-746,vol.3,no.6,1994.

[2]G.Torelli,L.Gonzo,M.Gottardi, F.Maloberti,

A.Sartori and A.Simoni,“Analog-to-Digital Con-

verter Architecture for Intelligent Optical Sensor

S N R [d B ]

Sampling frequency [MHz]

Figure 7:SNR versus sampling frequency.

O f f s e t v a r i a t i o n [L S B i n 12b i t ]

Column

Figure 8:Comparison of the offset variation.

Table 1:Measured Performance of the ADC.Resolution 12-bits Conversion rate 1MSample/s Process 0.25μm CMOS,MiM cap Active area 0.04×1.2mm 2Power consumption 0.43mW @3.3V Input range 2V pp Offset error 1.5mVp-p maximum DNL +0.6LSB/-0.9LSB maximum INL +4.0LSB/-3.5LSB SNR 62dB(@1MSPS)

Arrays,”Advanced Focal Plane Arrays and Elec-tronic Cameras,Proc.SPIE,pp.254-264,vol.2950,Oct.1996.

[3]

B.Mansoorian,H.Y .Yee,S.Huang,and E.Fossum,“A 250mW,60Frames/s1280x720Pixel 9b CMOS Digital Image Sensor,”ISSCC Digest of Technical Papers,pp.254-264,Feb.1999.[4]

S.Decker,R.D.McGrath,K.Brehmer and C.G.Sodini,“A 256×256CMOS Imaging Array with Wide Dynamic Range Pixels and Column-Parallel Digital Output,”IEEE J.Solid-State Circuits,vol.33,no.12,pp.2081-2091,Dec.1998.[5]

S.Itoh,T.Akahori,and S.Kawahito,“Design and im-plementation of a CMOS image sensor with wireless transmission function,”Tech.Report of IEICE,no.IST2004-61,pp.41-46,Jul.2004.

[6]

S.Kawahito,“An A/D converter array and image sen-sors using it,”Japanese patent application,No.2003-368340,Oct.2003.

[7]

D.Muthers,and R.Tielert,“A 0.11mm 2low-power A/D-converter cell for 10b 10MS/s operation,”Pro-ceedings of the ESSCIRC 2004,pp.100-103,Sep.2004.

LOLadcCarry能力查询系统

LOLadcCarry能力查询系统 查询过程注意： 1、最近要有玩adc 2、输入召唤师名称，选择大区，然后查询。 为什么要使用A键呢? 走砍的使用技巧： 走砍的用途很广，对线补刀时，一边攻击一边保持移动，可以大大减少对面技能命中你的可能性，确保自身的安全。在追杀敌人时，走砍可以始终让敌人在你的射程之内，确保输出最大的伤害。在 ADC被敌方英雄冲脸时，走砍可以一边输出一边后退，脱离战场的 中心，找到安全的位置进行输出。风筝的时候走砍就更加重要了， 对ADC来说距离就是一切，走砍是保持距离的最佳方法。 微笑走砍技巧就是用shift+右键的，，简单说就是一直点右键，但随时按键shift(或者a)就可以自动寻找目标(就像传统网游中 Tab寻找目标一个道理)，可以击打最近的地方单位 这样比a地板方便多了，，因为用a甩枪还需要点左键，这样可以更专注于鼠标右键走位和观察战场，所以看微笑的视频很少有走 位失误的情况，这其实才是真正的原因 当然我也是观察微笑的第一视角直播比赛视频才发现，如果想要看微笑ADC走砍视频的朋友可以留心一下微笑第一视角视频就能看 到额，他打人的时候鼠标并不用a地板，除了对线也很少把鼠标往 敌人身上点。 排位赛ADC心态 比如太相信自己的判断，太相信自己的操作，去秀。然后把自己卖了。ADC这个位置要求的不是强势，也不是要求每把打蹦对面， 稳定的FARM，给自己建立装备优势，再利用自己的对线小技巧[下

面会讲到]压制对面ADC的发育，干扰补刀，压制了补刀其实和杀对 方ADC已次没多大区别的。但是一定要注意自己下路的眼位，没眼 太过于压线被抓导致自己下路劣势，是完全不应该的。 很多种ADC选手喜欢比如配合出了问题就找辅助麻烦，在打排位赛的人，尽管别人不愿意打辅助然而选了辅助保护你打钱，就是想 赢得这场比赛。会尽自己全力去打，所以ADC和辅助的沟通是非常 有必要的。千万别和辅助发生矛盾，如果发生矛盾的话下路基本可 以GG了。 ADC对线技巧通用篇 ADC压人技巧通用篇 现在要来说对线压人的技巧，很多人觉得对线技巧就是拿技能刷对面ADC的血量，然后让对面ADC血量保持在一个3分之2的血量，然后配合辅助一套带走对面的ADC。 但是在水平相等的情况下，几乎这招行不通的，因为当你用完技能的时候，对方的ADC只要会玩，肯定会反打你一波，因为你用掉 了输出技能不可能回头继续和他消耗的。这样下来，其实你自己也 没占到便宜，反而消耗了自己的血量。简单通用一点，当自己这边 小兵没血的时候，对面ADC肯定要出去补刀的，然后当他补刀那瞬间，平A出去，你可以平A他，不在小看这下平A，下路ADC平A 很重要的，当你A到他第一下时，他小兵的仇恨肯定在你身上。 现在有2种选择，第一种交自己的AOE技能，输出技能直接一套伤害先打出去，先降低对面ADC的血量，你要记得你是先平A了他 一下的，所以说，如果他和你拼，你一定会有优势的，输出技能一 放完，对面要反打立刻进草丛，这样兵的仇恨就会消失，再出来和 他打，这样来会消耗，你肯定会占到便宜的。下路是以个滚雪球的 路线，你多一个等级多10个补刀，你就能强势起来。第2中选择就 比较简单了，A完以后直接进草丛，消除兵的仇恨值。赚到1下是 一下，自己多熟悉下这个套路，积少成多，你攻击力比如很简单的 63点攻击力出门，你这样来会消耗A了对面ADC10下，你可想想， 又省了蓝。又没推到线。又占了便宜，多划算。

With的用法全解

With的用法全解 with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 一、 with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词； 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词； 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语； 4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式； 5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词。 下面分别举例： 1、 She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语）

2、 With the meal over ， we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语） 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。） The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词 +不定式，作条件状语） 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语） Without anything left in the with结构是许多英 语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 二、with结构的用法 with是介词，其意义颇多，一时难掌握。为帮助大家理清头绪，以教材中的句子为例，进行分类，并配以简单的解释。在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件（详见上述例句）。 1.带着，牵着…… (表动作特征)。如： Run with the kite like this.

by with and in区别

WITH/BY/IN的用法区别："The mountain is covered with/in/by snow". The meanings are so similar that the three can be used almost interchangeably, but some subtle nuances may apply. When referring to a substance(物体) that sticks to another, use in or with, but not by: ?The actress was covered in blood, or ?The actress was covered with blood, but not ?The actress was covered by blood. When referring something that physically protects something else, use with or by, but not in: ?The field(田地) was covered with a tarp(油布), or ?The field was covered by a tarp, but not ?The field was covered in a tarp. Use covered with to indicate an unusual amount of something on top of something else; use covered by to connote a covering so dense that the object being covered is completely obscured from view: ?The mountain was covered with fog. ?The mountain was covered by fog. Another example: ?Our grass(草坪) was covered with butterflies. ?Our grass was covered by butterflies. Somehow, the latter (covered by) paints a picture where the butterflies are so close together that I can hardly see the grass at all, but in the former (covered with), I picture a lot of butterflies, just not necessarily so many that I can't see the grass. When talking about metaphorical coverage, use covered by: ?The roof damage was covered by insurance(上保险), but not ?The roof damage was covered with insurance, or ?The roof damage was covered in insurance. Another example: ?The city council meeting was covered by the news station, but not ?The city council meeting was covered with the news station, or ?The city council meeting was covered in the news station.

英雄联盟(Lol)adc对线技巧

英雄联盟（Lol）adc对线技巧 一、补兵 要想熟练掌握这个操作先开自定义或者人机练习，一个星期足够。 下路ADC出门一般一把多兰剑，补兵的时候是在出现残血小兵的情况下，A+鼠标左键点残血小兵，出现攻击弹道（即英雄炮弹出手）后马上右键小幅度回撤，点身后空地，然后右键身边空地左右点击等待再次出现残血小兵。自己可以计算下小兵减血的幅度，在补兵之前就可以右键点击身前空地，然后A+鼠标左键点残血小兵，重复这一个循环。 记住：一定要用A+鼠标左键代替右键点击攻击，改变这个习惯，慢慢练习就好。还有右键点击空地移动幅度一定不要过大，慢慢调整，等待补兵时左右移动，待补兵时向前移动（如果已经在攻击范围之类就不用），补完兵向后移动。 二、对线 走A练习补兵的目的主要是练出节奏感，新手很难做到每分钟8个兵的常规水平，相信有了节奏感之后补兵数会逐渐上升。 对线时双方adc的对抗避免不了的，低端局也许没有高端局那么激烈，在补兵之余，如果对面adc为了补兵走位出现失误，进入你的攻击范围，那么向前移动——A+鼠标左键点对方adc，弹道出现后迅速右键身后回撤，对面adc如果还手点你，第一是因为他刚刚补兵，等一会才能下一次攻击，第二是你后撤一小段距离，他追击已经靠前，这个时候你第二次攻击已经好了，不要犹豫回头点他，你回撤的时间已经给你争取到足够好的兵线，他跟你对点绝对吃亏。 面对辅助也是，例如对面牛头试图对你2连，只要你在安全位置，A+鼠标左键点他，右键身后空地回撤，他继续追重复这一动作，他放弃了后，那么右键身前空地，A+鼠标左键点他占一下便宜，不要追击太深，点完就后撤。时刻注意自己在安全位置，其实安全位置就是兵线防御塔队友对你有利的位置，你也有辅助不用太担心对面辅助，当然面对曙光机器人之类的还是不要玩火。

with用法归纳

with用法归纳 （1）“用……”表示使用工具，手段等。例如： ①We can walk with our legs and feet. 我们用腿脚行走。 ②He writes with a pencil. 他用铅笔写。 （2）“和……在一起”，表示伴随。例如： ①Can you go to a movie with me? 你能和我一起去看电影'>电影吗？ ②He often goes to the library with Jenny. 他常和詹妮一起去图书馆。 （3）“与……”。例如： I’d like to have a talk with you. 我很想和你说句话。 （4）“关于，对于”，表示一种关系或适应范围。例如： What’s wrong with your watch? 你的手表怎么了？ （5）“带有，具有”。例如： ①He’s a tall kid with short hair. 他是个长着一头短发的高个子小孩。 ②They have no money with them. 他们没带钱。 （6）“在……方面”。例如： Kate helps me with my English. 凯特帮我学英语。 （7）“随着，与……同时”。例如： With these words, he left the room. 说完这些话，他离开了房间。 [解题过程] with结构也称为with复合结构。是由with+复合宾语组成。常在句中做状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。其构成有下列几种情形： 1.with+名词(或代词)+现在分词 此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。 例如:1)With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries. 由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。（原因状语） 2)With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace. 在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。（伴随情况） 2.with+名词(或代词)+过去分词 此时，过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。

独立主格with用法小全

独立主格篇 独立主格，首先它是一个“格”，而不是一个“句子”。在英语中任何一个句子都要有主谓结构，而在这个结构中，没有真正的主语和谓语动词，但又在逻辑上构成主谓或主表关系。独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中，其作用相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。除名词/代词+名词、形容词、副词、非谓语动词及介词短语外，另有with或without短语可做独立主格，其中with可省略而without不可以。*注：独立主格结构一般放在句首，表示原因时还可放在句末；表伴随状况或补充说明时，相当于一个并列句，通常放于句末。 一、独立主格结构： 1. 名词/代词+形容词 He sat in the front row, his mouth half open. Close to the bank I saw deep pools, the water blue like the sky. 靠近岸时，我看见几汪深池塘，池水碧似蓝天。 2. 名词/代词+现在分词 Winter coming, it gets colder and colder. The rain having stopped, he went out for a walk.

The question having been settled, we wound up the meeting. 也可以The question settled, we wound up the meeting. 但含义稍有差异。前者强调了动作的先后。 We redoubled our efforts, each man working like two. 我们加倍努力，一个人干两个人的活。 3. 名词/代词+过去分词 The job finished, we went home. More time given, we should have done the job much better. *当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时，不及物动词用现在分词，及物动词用过去分词。 He lay there, his teeth set, his hands clenched, his eyes looking straight up. 他躺在那儿，牙关紧闭，双拳紧握，两眼直视上方。 4. 名词/代词+不定式 We shall assemble at ten forty-five, the procession to start moving at precisely eleven. We divided the work, he to clean the windows and I to sweep the floor.

in,on ,at, by ,of ,with 介词区别与用法

in，on ，at，by ，of ，with 介词区别与用法 in用在年月季节前，还有上午、下午等固定习语里 at用于传统的节日前，如at Christmas等；还有固定词组：at noon, at night;在点时间前用at 如at 7.15 on 用于具体的日期前，星期几，几号，包括那天的上午下午晚上等，如on Friday afternoon with: 一、with表拥有某物 Mary married a man with a lot of money . 马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。 I often dream of a big house with a nice garden . 我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。 The old man lived with a little dog on the lonely island . 这个老人和一条小狗住在荒岛上。 二、with表用某种工具或手段 I cut the apple with a sharp knife . 我用一把锋利的刀削平果。 Tom drew the picture with a pencil . 汤母用铅笔画画。 三、with表人与人之间的协同关系 make friends with sb talk with sb quarrel with sb struggle with sb fight with sb play with sb work with sb cooperate with sb I have been friends with Tom for ten years since we worked with each other , and I have never quarreled with him . 自从我们一起工作以来，我和汤母已经是十年的朋友了，但我们从没有吵过架。 四、with 表原因或理由 John was in bed with high fever . 约翰因发烧卧床。 He jumped up with joy . 他因高兴跳起来。 Father is often excited with wine . 父亲常因白酒变的兴奋。 五、with 表“带来”，或“带有,具有”，在…身上，在…身边之意 The girl with golden hair looks beautiful . 那个金头发的女孩看起来漂亮。 The famous director will come to the meeting with the leading actor and actress .

lol英雄联盟专业术语大全(史上最详细)

lol英雄联盟专业术语大全(史上最详细) 现在玩lol的玩家越来越多了，而这款团队配合游戏在合作的时候如果队友的术语你听不懂那就悲催了哦，下面跑跑车就带来英雄联盟专业术语让你好好学习下吧。T：指Tank，肉盾，护甲高，血量多，能够承受大量伤害的英雄。DPS：damage per second，伤害每秒，特指能够对敌人造成大量伤害的英雄。AD：是指以物理伤害为主的一类英雄。ADC：是指以远程物理伤害为主的一类英雄。AP：是指以法系伤害为主的一类英雄。APC：是指以远程法系伤害为主的一类英雄。Carry：后期，核心，需要大量的金钱去堆积装备的英雄，成型后威力很大，起决定性作用。Gank：GangbangKill 的缩写，游戏中的一种常用战术，指两个以上的英雄并肩作战，对敌方英雄进行偷袭、包抄、围杀。通常是以多打少，又称“抓人”。Stun：带有眩晕效果的技能的总称，也指打断对手持续性施法和施法动作的打断技。Solo：一条线路上一个人，指英雄单独处于一路兵线上与敌人对峙，经验高升级速度远超其他两路。两名玩家一对一单独对抗，无其它人干预。Aoe ：area of effect，效果范围，引申为有范围效果的技能补刀：指对血量不多的小兵造成最终一击的技术，也就是攻击小兵最后一下获得小兵的金钱，也可指对英雄的最后一击获得金钱。KS：Kill Steal的简称,指专门对敌方英雄造成

最后一下伤害获得金钱和杀人数，而实际上对这个英雄的多数伤害是由队友造成的，又称“抢人头”。兵线：指双方小兵交战的线路位置。对线：指己方英雄和敌方英雄在兵线附近对峙。控线：高手们通过技能和补刀，把兵线停留在自己希望的地方。推线：运用技能或者高攻击，快速消灭敌方小兵，并带领己方小兵威胁或摧毁敌方防御塔。清兵：运用技能或者高攻击，快速消灭敌方小兵，获取金钱。又称刷兵打钱，英文“farm”。沉默：可以移动，能够进行物理攻击，但不可以使用技能。禁锢：不能移动，能够使用技能，但不可以进行物理攻击。眩晕：不能移动，不能攻击，不能使用技能。召唤师技能：英雄控制者（玩家）自己可以选定的技能，和使用的英雄无关。技能：英雄一共拥有5个技能，一个英雄专属的被动技能；4个为英雄普通技能普通技能的4个施放键对应为Q、W、E、R，其中前3个技能最高5级、最后一个R键技能为大招，最高3级。）攻击距离：一个技能的距离就是离目标多远的时候这个技能仍然对目标使用。这个距离通常可以通过将鼠标移至技能图标上查看;当你使用技 能时屏幕上会出现一个施法距离的指示。范围：有些技能可以同时影响多个目标，这有很多种途径可以实现，不过很多技能都有一个范围的效果指示告诉你这个技能会影响的区域。圆圈是范围效果的其中一种，圆形区域的技能通常可以通过一定距离施放。另一种范围效果是锥形范围，通常以英

with用法小结

with用法小结 一、with表拥有某物 Mary married a man with a lot of money . 马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。 I often dream of a big house with a nice garden . 我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。 The old man lived with a little dog on the lonely island . 这个老人和一条小狗住在荒岛上。 二、with表用某种工具或手段 I cut the apple with a sharp knife . 我用一把锋利的刀削平果。 Tom drew the picture with a pencil . 汤母用铅笔画画。 三、with表人与人之间的协同关系 make friends with sb talk with sb quarrel with sb struggle with sb fight with sb play with sb work with sb cooperate with sb I have been friends with Tom for ten years since we worked with each other, and I have never quarreled with him . 自从我们一起工作以来，我和汤姆已经是十年的朋友了，我们从没有吵过架。 四、with 表原因或理由 John was in bed with high fever . 约翰因发烧卧床。 He jumped up with joy . 他因高兴跳起来。 Father is often excited with wine . 父亲常因白酒变的兴奋。 五、with 表“带来”，或“带有,具有”，在…身上，在…身边之意

as和with区别

一、with （介词）的复合结构：一做状语，二做定语。 作状语： 1:with +名词/代词，表示随着....， Times change and we must change with them. 时代变了,我们也要跟着变。 The risk of developing heart disease increases with the number of cigarettes smoked. 吸食香烟的数量越多，患心脏病的风险就越大。 Blood pressure decreases with exercise. 血压随着锻炼而降低。 With all his abilities, he failed completely. 尽管很有能力,他还是一败涂地了。 2：with +名词/代词+非谓语动词（现在分词/过去分词/不定式）作伴随状语/原因状语 (1 )with + 名词/代词+V-ing（现在分词） With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries. 由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。(原因状语) With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace. 在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。(伴随情况) 注：现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系，也就是说动作由with 后的名词或代词发出，是主动者 (2)with + 名词/代词+V-ed（过去分词） I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling. 我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。(伴随情况) She had to walk home with her bike stolen. 自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。(原因状语) 注：过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系，也就是说with后面的宾语是动作的承受者，是被动的 (3)with或without+名词/代词+ to do (动词不定式) With no one to talk to, John felt miserable.

《英雄联盟》 个操作知识 看完就能上钻石

以下是《英雄联盟》150个操作知识的详细介绍： 1.能打所以位置的不只有天使，锤石也能，但不推荐锤石去打野和中单 2.不要小看提莫，提莫是强力的上单英雄，同技术提莫能压盖伦兰博蛮王熔岩炼金等许多英雄 3.穷寇莫追，见好就收，保护好后排比你一个人超神有用的多。 4.机器人在游戏2:00-2:05左右去对面Buff处隔墙Q一下就跑，如果抓到buff，被抓的残血Buff怪迅速满血!抓到打野英雄能打死就打，打不死就跑，buff怪也会快速回血!对面野爸爸将蛋疼无比。 5.联盟里最完美的技能分别是势不可挡鬼影重重命运引魂之灯细胞分裂铁人，欢迎补充 6.其实中单皇子，辅助皇子非常Op .乌鸦，巨魔上单克制几乎一切近战，不管对面有无突进 8.蛋刀，军团，眼石，鸟盾都是最实惠的装备。 9.小丑盲僧这种英雄你不在对面野区刷野就废了一半 10.fps太低?视频选项把相关设置由稳定改成基础吧，改了后fps直线上升。 1.锤石拥有近战的基本属性，而且到后期肉的一逼，不削没天理 12.极地面对破壳阵容，可以出凛冬之魂(高回血高魔抗每8秒一个盾)减轻压力。 13.刀妹薇恩和猴子的被动不能探草丛，但蛮王的嘲讽和莫甘娜的大可以(技能直接变亮)，末日的被动会出卖自己。 14.减速最强的是锤石的大，99%减速超越狗头。最长的控是寒冰的大，3.5S。最而久的控是提莫，不间断嘲讽。 15.打野带虚弱惩戒的效果不如带点燃惩戒。 16.上单刀妹，武器，诺手，杰斯这4个英雄分别克制4种类型的上单所有英雄，但他们都被蜘蛛克制，而掘墓才是上单食物链之外唯一的英雄

17.据楼主观察了解，发现黄金以下的玩家用盖伦基本完暴锐雯，但事实上这两个英雄完全是五五开。 18.出了反甲冰心兰顿之后，就没有任何ADC能对你构成危险了，像薇恩点你十几下才能弄死你，这也算危胁? 19.巨魔的柱子，凤凰的墙，时光的炸弹都会吸引防御塔仇恨 20.英雄的许多召唤物都可以当作传送的目标，列如:安妮的熊，蘑菇盒子旗子，甚至是濒死的扎克和掘墓的小鬼 21.打野赵信最好是主E，出肉装 22.皇子的大招是豆腐渣工程，锐雯的Qe Vn的q都可以直接滚出去，更别提定墙了。 23.前阵子无聊的美国人做了英雄单挑测试，六神装第一是波比，第二是武器，第三蛮王。如果不带点燃等减治疗第东西，第一仍旧波比，第二是Ap赵信，第三是狼人。有波比大神解释下吗? 24.提莫隐身后，ctrl 124发出的声音敌人是听不到的。 25.人马六级Gank应该是:开E-大招到敌人后面-E再撞回来。 26.不要黑猴子，多玩T大排行榜，猴子匹配胜率挤进前10了 27.现在外服乌鸦很火，国服的惯例是跟风，所以趁没削弱赶紧玩乌鸦上分吧(乌鸦是策士统领，很冷门的英雄) 28.都说安妮施法距离太短，但安妮先手闪现Rwq接中亚强行开团，简直无情。 29.巨魔的柱子可以打断敌我双方不详的大招，注意是敌我双方。 30.不要太畏惧大龙，所有英雄都能单挑大龙，只是时间问题罢了，出装是:两红叉一无尽三饮血。 31.为什么论坛有黑周免?是为了给无脑秒周免的人造成一些压力。 32.敌方梦魇开大啦，我方肾紧急支援!看不到人怎么办?点击屏幕左侧队友头像依旧能飞过去，但要提前设置智能施法

with的用法

with[wIT] prep.1.与…(在)一起，带着：Come with me. 跟我一起来吧。/ I went on holiday with my friend. 我跟我朋友一起去度假。/ Do you want to walk home with me? 你愿意和我一道走回家吗 2.(表带有或拥有)有…的，持有，随身带着：I have no money with me. 我没有带钱。/ He is a man with a hot temper. 他是一个脾气暴躁的人。/ We bought a house with a garden. 我们买了一座带花园的房子。/ China is a very large country with a long history. 中国是一个具有历史悠久的大国。3.(表方式、手段或工具)以，用：He caught the ball with his left hand. 他用左手接球。/ She wrote the letter with a pencil. 她用铅笔写那封信。4.(表材料或内容)以，用：Fill the glass with wine. 把杯子装满酒。/ The road is paved with stones. 这条路用石头铺砌。5.(表状态)在…的情况下，…地：He can read French with ease. 他能轻易地读法文。/ I finished my homework though with difficulty. 虽然有困难，我还是做完了功课。6.(表让步)尽管，虽然：With all his money, he is unhappy. 尽管他有钱，他并不快乐。/ With all his efforts, he lost the match. 虽然尽了全力，他还是输了那场比赛。7.(表条件)若是，如果：With your permission, I’ll go. 如蒙你同意我就去。8.(表原因或理由)因为，由于：He is tired with work. 他工作做累了。/ At the news we all jumped with joy. 听到这消息我们都高兴得跳了起来。9.(表时间)当…的时候，在…之后：With that remark, he left. 他说了那话就离开了。/ With daylight I hurried there to see what had happened. 天一亮我就去那儿看发生了什么事。10. (表同时或随同)与…一起，随着：The girl seemed to be growing prettier with each day. 那女孩好像长得一天比一天漂亮。11.(表伴随或附带情况)同时：I slept with the window open. 我开着窗户睡觉。/ Don’t speak with your mouth full. 不要满嘴巴食物说话。12.赞成，同意：I am with you there. 在那点上我同你意见一致。13.由…照看，交…管理，把…放在某处：I left a message for you with your secretary. 我给你留了个信儿交给你的秘书了。/ The keys are with reception. 钥匙放在接待处。14 (表连同或包含)连用，包含：The meal with wine came to ￡8 each. 那顿饭连酒每人8英镑。/ With preparation and marking a teacher works 12 hours a day. 一位老师连备课带批改作业每天工作12小时。15. (表对象或关系)对，关于，就…而言，对…来说：He is pleased with his new house. 他对他的新房子很满意。/ The teacher was very angry with him. 老师对他很生气。/ It’s the same with us students. 我们学生也是这样。16.(表对立或敌对)跟，以…为对手：The dog was fighting with the cat. 狗在同猫打架。/ He’s always arguing with his brother. 他老是跟他弟弟争论。17.(在祈使句中与副词连用)：Away with him! 带他走！/ Off with your clothes! 脱掉衣服！/ Down with your money! 交出钱来！ 【用法】1.表示方式、手段或工具等时(=以，用)，注意不要受汉语意思的影响而用错搭配，如“用英语”习惯上用in English，而不是with English。2.与某些抽象名词连用时，其作用相当于一个副词：with care=carefully 认真地/ with kindness=kindly 亲切地/ with joy=joyfully 高兴地/ with anger=angrily 生气地/ with sorrow=sorrowfully 悲伤地/ with ease=easily 容易地/ with delight=delightedly 高兴地/ with great fluency =very fluently 很流利地3.表示条件时，根据情况可与虚拟语气连用：With more money I would be able to buy it. 要是钱多一点，我就买得起了。/ With better equipment, we could have finished the job even sooner. 要是设备好些，我们完成这项工作还要快些。4.比较with 和as：两者均可表示“随着”，但前者是介词，后者是连词：He will improve as he grows older. 随着年龄的增长，他会进步的。/ People’s ideas change with the change of the times. 时代变了，人们的观念也会变化。5.介词with和to 均可表示“对”，但各自的搭配不同，注意不要受汉语意思的影响而用错，如在kind, polite, rude, good, married等形容词后通常不接介词with而接to。6.复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”是一个很有用的结构，它在句中主要用作状语，表示伴随、原因、时间、条件、方式等；其中的宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、介词短语等：I went out with the windows open. 我外出时没有关窗户。/ He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低着头站在老师面前。/ He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣躺在床上。/ He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl. 他去世时，女儿还是个小学生。/ The old man sat there with a basket beside her. 老人坐在那儿，身边放着一个篮子。/ He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。/ He sat there with his eyes closed. 他闭目坐在那儿。/ I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。这类结构也常用于名词后作定语：The boy with nothing on is her son. 没穿衣服的这个男孩子是她儿子。 （摘自《英语常用词多用途词典》金盾出版社） - 1 -

lol英雄联盟简介

lol英雄联盟简介 lol英雄联盟简介(一) League of Legends is developed by the United States Games Riot, Tencent game operations of the new hero of war games. The creative team of the League of legends by the well-known game companys core art, planning, program personnel composition, they create the hero of the game in the style characteristics of different, more abundant goods synthesis system, map gameplay, ladder matching mechanism is added, and original "call" division skills, runes, the combination of talents, so that players do not feel the same hero of war games.In the game, players will play a call, and choose your trust in the League of nations to enter the field of justice, in order to control the rights of Varro and fight. There is only one rule in this league: the winner is everything! lol英雄联盟简介(二) Good morning， Im very glad to stand on our lectern and give you my informative speech. As the pictures show,today,I will introduce a very hot computer game to you. Its

(完整版)with的复合结构用法及练习

with复合结构 一. with复合结构的常见形式 1.“with+名词/代词+介词短语”。 The man was walking on the street, with a book under his arm. 那人在街上走着，腋下夹着一本书。 2. “with+名词/代词+形容词”。 With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it’ll rain presently. 天气这么闷热，十之八九要下雨。 3. “with+名词/代词+副词”。 The square looks more beautiful than even with all the light on. 所有的灯亮起来，广场看起来更美。 4. “with+名词/代词+名词”。 He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul. 他走了，妻子十分伤心。 5. “with+名词/代词+done”。此结构过去分词和宾语是被动关系，表示动作已经完成。 With this problem solved, neomycin 1 is now in regular production. 随着这个问题的解决，新霉素一号现在已经正式产生。 6. “with+名词/代词+-ing分词”。此结构强调名词是-ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。 He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. 全班同学看着他，他感到更不自然了。 7. “with+宾语+to do”。此结构中，不定式和宾语是被动关系，表示尚未发生的动作。 So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops. 由于下午无事可做，我就去书店转了转。 二. with复合结构的句法功能 1. with 复合结构，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops. 由于所有的工作都是由机器进行，他们将很快收完庄稼。（原因状语） The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm. 这个孩子总是头枕着胳膊睡觉。（伴随状语）The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵要他背对着他父亲站着。（方式状语）With spring coming on, trees turn green. 春天到了，树变绿了。（时间状语） 2. with 复合结构可以作定语 Anyone with its eyes in his head can see it’s exactly like a rope. 任何一个头上长着眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一条绳子。 【高考链接】 1. ___two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.（04北京） A. With B. Besides C. As for D. Because of 【解析】A。“with+宾语+不定式”作状语，表示原因。 2. It was a pity that the great writer died, ______his works unfinished. (04福建) A. for B. with C. from D.of 【解析】B。“with+宾语+过去分词”在句中作状语，表示状态。 3._____production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. (NMET) A. As B.For C. With D.Through 【解析】C。“with+宾语+副词”在句中作状语，表示程度。