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2019届上海市各高中学校高三英语试题分类汇编--语法填空(带答案精准校对提高版)

2019届上海市各高中学校高三英语试题分类汇编--语法填空(带答案精准校对提高版)
2019届上海市各高中学校高三英语试题分类汇编--语法填空(带答案精准校对提高版)

II.Grammar and Vocabulary Section A

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

The expression, “everybody’s doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, (21)________members of that group to behave as everybody else does. It can be positive or negative. Most people experience it in some way during their lives.

People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly surprising that part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct is (22)_______ the approval of peers, or the fear of disapproval, is such a powerful force in many peoples lives. It is the same instinct that drives people (23)_______(dress) one way at home and another way at work, or to answer “fine” when a stranger asks “how are you?” (24)_____ _______ it is not necessarily true. There is (25)______ practical aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that simplifies day-to-day interaction.

For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important (26)_______ it becomes like an addiction; in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults (27)______ feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt (28)______ they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can’t afford in an effort to “keep up with the Joneses.”

However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at academics may (29)_____ ______ (urge) to study harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. Study groups and class projects are examples of positive peer groups that encourage people to better themselves.

Schools try to teach kids about the dangers of negative peer pressure. They teach kids to stand up and be (30)_______, and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe

are wrong. Similarly, it can be helpful to encourage children to greet the beneficial influence of positive peer groups.

Keys: 21on 22 why 23 to dress 24 even if 25 a

26 that 27 may 28 because 29 be urged 30 themselves

II.Grammar and Vocabulary Section A

Direction: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

The Victorian village children had little more than their surroundings and the imaginings (21)______ ______ to content themselves. Francis Kilvert came across this happy scene one day in January 1870:” In the Common Field in front of the cottages(村舍) I found two little figures in the dusk. One tiny naughty boy (22)______(bind) a handkerchief carefully round the face of another even more tiny than (23)______. It was Fred and Jerry Savine. “What are you doing to him?”, I asked Fred. “Please, Sir,” said the child seriously, “we are going to play seek-and-hide.” The two children were quite alone, bu they went on seriously with their game (24)______ _____ they were in a magnificent playground with dozens of children to play with. Oh, the wealth of a child’s imagination and capacity for enjoyment of minor stuff.

Sometimes their fun served all the family--blackberrying, (25)______(nut) or picking apples in autumns--though often it was to gather for themselves a little of (26)______ the countryside had to offer. Sybil Marshall and her friends in Cambridgeshire explored and en joyed the world that lay all around them. Looking back to her childhood she wrote: “We dug up tansy roots (27)______(eat) and filled our pockets with wheat whenever we could. We then went on w gather different sorts of flowers to dress ourselves up to play”Kings and Queens”.

Children played in the Victorian countryside-- and shopkeeping was one of their games. They also worked Labouring families were among the largest in this country for the reason that almost as soon as they could walk and talk the children (28)_______(expect) to help in some way. The help might be (29)______ the form of small domestic duties, though in areas of cottage industry girls would be made to learn handicraft skills at an early age. And there were always jobs to be

done outside--gathering branches or running errands-- and promises to be carried from tasks such as scaring birds or picking stones from the fields. Farmers would prevent children working together, (30)______ they would soon turn to play. “Two boys is half a boy, and three boys no boys at all. At harvest, everyone, of any age, took part in the communal effort.

The earthquake of 26th December 2004 resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in living memory. It was a (31) _____ underwater quake and occurred in the Indian Ocean. It (32) ________ coastlines, communities and brought death to many people.

Keys: 21. with which 22. was binding 23. himself 24. as if/as though 25. nutting

26. what 27. to eat 28. would be expected 29. in 30. since /as /because/for

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Car Cleaner Sent to Prison

Last week, cleaner Peter Blain was sent to prison for six years after (21)________ (find) guilty of stealing. Blain is no ordinary, however, and at first, police were confused about the case. The fact was that over a period of months, Blain cleaned thirty-six cars. This (22)_________not sound like a crime, but they were not his cars, it was not his job and he (23)_________(not pay) to clean them.

All the cars, many of (24)________had a price of more than £40,000 each, were stolen from expensive car showrooms in the Midlands area of England. Blain was able to steal the cars using a technique which he perfected over time. He walked into car showrooms and pretended that he wanted to buy a car. He then chose a car and said he wanted test-drive it. He drove away from roads, never (25)_________(come) back, absolutely spotless inside and out. Blain washed and clean each one (26)_________leaving it. He was called, “the man you would most want to steal your car” by one judge.

When asked in court, Blain revealed that he stole cars in order to make (27)________feel

important. He explained that he was a cleaner who didn’t have his own car. So, he drove each car to a different street and spent time cleaning it. He said he felt happy when people saw him and thought the car was (28)__________.

When the police finally worked out what was happening, Blain was arrested at his home in Sheffield. (29)_________the cars weren’t damaged and he didn’t sell the cars for his own financial benefit, Judge Alan Goldsack told him that a long prison sentence was inevitable. The judge explained that the owners of the car showrooms were victims and (30)_________Blain’s actions did affect their business.

Keys: 21.being found 22. may 23. wasn’t paid24. which https://www.sodocs.net/doc/e714638768.html,ing

26. before27. himself28. his29. Although/ Though/ While30. that

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Documentary in Japan Reveals Dark History

Every September 2 --a day marking Japan’s surrender in the War of Aggression Against China --is a sensitive day for China and Japan. It has become routine (21)______ on the day Japan’s prime minister gives an empty speech and China urges Japan to reflect upon the history. This year, however, Japanese broadcaster NHK’s independent voice won universal praise in China.

Last month, NHK, Japan’s national public broadcasting organization, broadcast a documentary titled The Truth of Unit 731. Unit 731 was a secret chemical warfare development of unit of the Japanese military during WWII. Set up around 1936 in Harbin, it conducted cruel experiments (22)______ live human beings to test chemical weapons. Most of the victims were Chinese, some of (23)______ were children. The unit is a subject seldom touched in Japan. The authorities have been eager to cover up that part of history. The documentary, however, reveals the cold-blooded truth to the public.

“I have seen no one who left the camp alive after (24)______(experiment) on,” said an officer of Unit 731. Another officer told NHK that (25)______(cover) up their crimes, the unit killed all the people who survived their experiments. “The war was so cruel... it was something that (26)______ never have happened,” he said with tears in eyes in the documentary.

In China, Unit 731 has had such a bad reputation that even kids in kindergarten

(27)______(hear) about it. The documentary immediately caught Chinese audience’s attention

(28)______ was widely discussed on China’s social media. Many netizens praised NHK’s courage and called it a “station with a conscience” for releasing the documentary at such a sensitive time.

When (29)______(ask) about China’s opinion on the documentary, the Foreign Ministry spokesperson replied that the country appreciates the courage of (30)______ who chose to reveal the historical truth. Meanwhile, she urged the Japanese government again to deeply reflect upon the history of aggression by the Japanese military.

Keys: 21. that 22.on 23.whom 24.being experimented 25. to cover

26.should 27.have heard 28.and 29.asked 30.those

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

The Crown Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator(发电机). The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint. Guests will have to produce at least 10 watt hours of electricity-roughly 15 minutes of cycling for someone of average fitness. Guests staying at Plaza Hotel will ______21_____(give)meat tickets worth $ 36 _____22_____they have produced 10 watt hours of electricity. The bicycles will have smart phones ____23______ (attach) to the handlebars measuring how much power _____24_____ (generate) for the hotel.

The plan, a world-first, _____25______ (start) on 19 April and run for a year. Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take part. Fredericka Tomemmergaard, hotel spokeswoman,

said, “Many of our visitors are business people who enjoy going to the gym. There ____26______be people who will cycle just _____27_____(get) a free meal, but generally I don’t think people will take advantage of our programme.”

Copenhagen has a long-standing cycling tradition and 36% of locals cycle to work each day, one of _____28______(high) percentages in the world , according to the websites visitcopenhagen dk. US environmental website treehugger com recently voted Copenhagen the world’s best city for cyclists. “____29___Copenhagen is strongly connected with cycling, we felt the bicycle would work well _______30___a symbol of the hotel’s green profile(形象).”

If successful, the electric bicycle meal programme will be spread to all Crowne Plaza hotels in the UK, the hotel said in a statement.

Keys: 21. be given 22. once 23. attached 24. is being generated 25. will start

26. might 27. to get 28. the highest 29. Because 30. as

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

A

A young man was getting ready to graduate from college.For many months he had wanted a beautiful sports car in a show room,and (21)_______(know) his father could well afford it,he told him that was all he wanted.

As Graduation Day came near,the young man expected signs(22)______that his father had bought the gift.Finally,on the morning of his graduation,his father called him into his own study and told him how proud he was(23)________(have) such a fine son,and told him how much he loved him.He handed his son a beautifully wrapped gift box.

Curious,and somewhat disappointed,the young man opened the box and found a lovely,leather(24)_________(bind) Bible, with the young man's name pressed in gold.Angry,he raised his voice to his father,and said "With all your money,you give me a Bible?" and stormed(25)_________the house.

Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business.He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, (26)________realized his father was very old,and thought perhaps he should go to him.

However,(27)________he could make arrangements,he received a telegram(28)_______(tell) him his father had passed away, and willed all his possessions to his son.When he arrived at his father's house,sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.He began to search through his father's important papers and saw the still gift-wrapped Bible just as he (29)_________(leave) had left it years ago.With tears,he opened the Bible and began to turn the pages.

Suddenly,a car key dropped from the back of the Bible.It had a tag,which(30)________(read) the date of his graduation on it,and the words PAID IN FULL.

B

The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world's supply of water. (31)_________97% of the world's water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture,the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. (32)_______the idea of a water shortage seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country,many of the world's agricultural industries (33)________(experience) constant water shortages.

Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons,the costs of water redistribution are very high.Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself,but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. (34)________valleys(山谷)are flooded to create dams,houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides,water may flow easily through pipes to fields,but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to (35)_________.

Each country (36)_________ therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.

This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation.In Texas, farmers overuse of irrigation water (37)_______ (result) in a 25% reduction of the water stores.In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA,a huge water engineering project provided water (38)________ farming in dry valleys,but much of the water use has been poorly managed.

Saudi Arabia's attempts (39)________ (grow) wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of

huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves.Because there is no rainfall in these areas,such reserves can only decrease,and it is believed that fifty years of pumping (40)_______ (see) them run dry.

Keys: 21.knowing 22.that 23.to have 24.bound 25.out of

26.but 27.before 28.telling 29.had left 30.read

31.With 32.Although 33.experience 34.Where 35.the other

36.must 37.has result 38.for39.to grow 40.will see

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

“Have you gotten married received a salary raise?” “Have you bought a house?”

Are you familiar with these questions starting with have you?

If you answer is yes, and you are getting sick of answering these questions, you probably have become a member of the “home-fear group”.

The “home-fear group” refers to (21)________ feeling anxious about returning home during the spring Festival, they have deep concerns about going back home for such factors as heavy economic pressure, high cost of the festival, the troubles of buying tickets, the long distance of the journey and exposure of private matters (22)________ (involve) family or love life.

Now, a special song has been tailor-made for this group.

The seven-minute song utilizes a choir style and rap. The beginning of the song (23)_______(sing) by the choir, which involves a family scene (24)________ a recently returned young adult is asked a series of questions by family members. After the “question attack” from relatives, the young man decides to reflect (25)________ his past and also defend himself through rap.

According to the official Weibo account of Shanghai rainbow indoor chorus, This is more than just a funny song but a useful guide for young people, a careful listen to some of the lyrics will inspire you on (26)________ to wisely answer many spring festival specific questions.

“It is a very interesting yet brainwashing song, truly describing the (27)________ (satisfactory) situation quite a few young Chinese people have been trapped in” Sina Weibo user Santilin clouds said.

According to a survey recently conducted among 1,918, young people have been by the research center at China Youth Daily, an overwhelming 86.4 percent of interviewees think it is necessary (28)_______ (return) to their homeland during the spring Festival, (29)______ _______ they are afraid of losing face for an average life or career.

“Indeed, we (30)_______ not be that good but we will work hard in the future. That's enough! After all, the essence of spending the Spring Festival is reunion not compression,” the song echoes the theme at the ending.

Keys: 21. those 22. involving 23. is sung 24. where 25. on

26. how 27. less satisfactory 28. to return 29. even if 30. may

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

In most industrialized countries about 105 boys are born for every 100 girls, for a ratio of 1.05, known as the secondary sex ratio, or SSR; the primary sex ratio is the ratio at conception. This is often expressed as the percentage of boys among all births, or about 51.2 percent. The percentage of males among all births is not fixed, however. Since the 1950s and 1960s the overall SSR (21)__________ (decline) in the U.S., Canada and several European countries. There are also both personal and environmental factors that affect the average sex ratio.

(22)_________chance of having a boy appears (23)__________(decline) with the mother's age, the father's age and the number of children the family already has. These effects are small. One study in Denmark found that the SSR of children born to fathers younger than 25 was 51.6 percent, which decreased (24)_________51.0 percent among children of fathers at least 40 years of age. Therefore it is unlikely that the declining SSR in many countries results solely from

large-scale changes in such personal factors. With regard to environmental factors, improved prenatal and obstetrical care during the first part of the 20th century is largely responsible for an (25)_________(increase) SSR over this period in many countries. The male fetus is more susceptible to loss in the womb than is the female fetus, so with more conceptions reaching term, proportionally more males are born.

It is difficult to discern how much of the decrease in sex ratio since the 1950s arises from contaminants in the environment. What is known is that drug use, high occupational exposures and environmental accidents (26)__________ affect SSR. For example, hopeful mothers (27)_________ (take) clomiphene citrate (Clomid) for infertility bore babies with an SSR of only 48.5 percent. Workers producing 1,2- dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP), a chemical used to kill worms in agriculture, experienced even larger decreases in the number of male babies . Effects of DBCP on sperm quality (28)__________ (discover) incidentally when male workers found that they were unable to father children. After the exposure ended, male workers experienced some recovery of sperm quality and 36 children were born to 44 workers. Of these 36 children only 10 were boys--an SSR of just 27.8 percent.

These dramatic changes resulting from extreme exposures raise the concern that chemicals in the environment at (29)_________ (low) concentrations may also change the SSR by exposing people over longer periods of time. For example, there are reports that parental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and mercury, each of which is widely distributed in the environment, can affect the sex ratio. (30)___________(confirm)such effects will take careful work on large populations, but the results may be quite important.

Keys: 21.has declined /has been declining 22.The 23.to decline 24.to 25. increased

26. can 27.taking 28. were discovered 29.lower 30.Confirming

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

There seems never (21)______ (be) a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.

In the ancient world, as is today, most boys (22)________ (play) with some kinds of toys and most girls with others. In societies (23)________ social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls (24)_________ (prepare), even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.

(25)_________ is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. The changes have been mostly (26)_________ craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology.

It is the universality (普遍性) of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present (27)_______ is amazing. In Egypt, America, China, Japan and among the Arctic (北极的) people, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life (28)________ toys imitate their surroundings. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.

Because toys (29)________ be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the cart to the automobile is a direct line of ways up. The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3,000 BC to (30)_________ used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness (独创性). Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials.

Keys: 21. to have been 22. played 23. where 24. are [being] prepared 25. What

26.in 27.that 28.because 29.can 30.one

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.

Feds Want to Know Who’s Protesting Trump

Internet companies often receive requests by law enforcement (21)________ customer info. to help with ongoing investigation. Rarely, however, (22)________ a court order hit up a Web hosting company for upwards of 1.3 million IP addresses to find out who’s been visiting a particular Web site.

That’s exactly what happened recently when the U.S. Justice Department tried to get the company DreamHost to turn over contact info, e-mails, photos and data related to a Web site called DisruptJ20. DisruptJ20 (23)________(involve) in organizing protests against the Trump administration.

DreamHost bristled at the court order and filed (24)________ appeal. Company special counsel Chris Ghazarian told me that DreamHost rarely gets requests to turn over that much client information. IP addresses, in particular, can identify (25)________ computers visited a site, when they visited, what they viewed and for how long. IP addresses can also be used to reveal a Web user’s identity.

The Justice Department later revised its request, (26)________ (say) it was not going to force DreamHost to turn over text and photos from blog posts written but never (27)________ (post) to DisruptJ20.

A Washington, D.C., Superior Court then further amended the government’s request. The judge asked the Justice Department to list the names of all government investigators who will have access to DreamHost’s data and to explain how it will search through the data to gather evidence against Trump dissenters. Justice (28)________ (bar) from sharing the information with other government agencies.

We’ll see whether the government ends up prosecuting anyone (29)________(use) DreamHost’s data. If that happens it could drive digital civil disobedience to encrypted mobile apps or possibly the Dark web, a largely uncharted online realm (30)________ it’s easier to remain anonymous.

That would raise disturbing questions about the state of citizens’ First Amendment11 rights in the U.S. these days.

Keys: 21. for 22. will 23 has been involved 24. an 25. which

26. saying 27. posted 28. is barred 29. using 30. where

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Hair products have risen sharply in popularity over the past decade. The average woman spends about $50,000 on her hair over her lifetime and almost two hours a week (21) (style) her hair. What is the reason for the high interest in hair maintenance? This is not just because women believe that appearances are important, (22) also because hair represents their personality, thoughts and beliefs.

"I’m having a bad hair day!" Many women have said it. For them a bad hair day equals a bad day: when their hair is too frizzy (卷曲的),too dry, turning grey or falling out, their self-esteem is seriously affected. The ties (23)_____ hair and self-esteem is evident throughout history, philosophy and even religion.

To some extent, hair has become a big part of women's identity. It helps define the persona (人物角色)they aim to create to impress others, whether as an intellectual or a rebel. Hair can also influence the way (24) they define themselves, as an extension of their identity.

Blonde women, for example, often have to justify themselves about "not being dumb." Nevertheless, a significant percentage of white women have recently dyed their hair blonde. That may be attributed to the fact that blonde women are relatively (25) (attractive) to the opposite sex. Meanwhile, brunettes (26)________ (depict) as competent and red-haired women are believed to be "fiery (暴躁的)."

However, (27)________most women can choose to change their hair as they wish, we often hear that some religions force women to cover their hair. And in Brazil, the Dominican Republic and many other Latin American countries, hairstyles are so important that women feel the need to straighten their hair to land a job. Hair really matters, as Hillary Clinton told Yale graduates in her commencement speech back in 2001. "'Your hair will send significant messages to those around you --- (28)________hopes and dreams you have for the world and for your hair"

In a sense, the time and money (29)________ (spend) on their hair isn't just the exercise of personal preferences. It tells everyone how they feel about (30)________and their ability to

influence the world.

Keys: 21. styling 22. but 23. between 24. that 25. more attractive

26. are depicted 27. while/although 28. what 29. spent 30. themselves

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Who are not designed for?

Hello, everyone. Today, I want your perception challenged. I am 105 centimeters tall. To me, the word “midget”(侏儒)is (21) insult. Actually, i am incredibly proud (22)_______ (inherit)the condition of achondroplasia.(软骨发育不全)

I often forget that I am a little person, but it’s the physical environment and society

(23)_________ remind me. It’s difficult to find garments and shoes that (24)________ reflect my maturity, professionalism and sophistication in the children’s wear department. I have to carry hand cleaners with me every single day because the sink, soap dispenser, and hair dryer in a public bathroom are all (25)_______ _______ my reach. And the coffee shop is not designed well, at least not for me. I (26)_________ (stand) just beside the counter when the barista shouts “Next, please!” but they can’t see me. With the stranger next to me pointing to my existence, I order quickly and move along to collect my coffee. However, up high and without a lid, (27)_________ (reach)up to the coffee I have to paid for is always a dangerous experience.

Hopefully, while design impacts me (28)_________ it’s a bathroom, clothes or a coffee shop, I may rely on and benefit from the kindness of strangers.

Design is a way we can feel included in the word, but design can also impose vulnerability on a group (29)_________ needs aren’t considered. How can we make their voices heard? Please open your eyes. Design is an enormous right (30)________ (grant)to people, but it is absolutely a bigger responsibility.

Keys: 21.an 22.to inherit 23.that 24.can 25.out of

26.am standing 27.reaching 28.whether 29.whose 30.granted

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Many of us spend our lives in black, brown, navy, white, grey and so on. But by choosing safe shades (21)________ ________ a bright dress, we could be missing out on the health benefits from colour.

Jules Standish, author of How Not to Wear Black, is a style and colour consultant for women afraid of standing out, and she believes (22) ________ (change) your shopping habits can boost your well-being and self-respect. “Research shows that colours can have (23) ________ psychological effect,” she says. “Looking at warm, bright colours, such as red or pink, release dopamine — (24) ________ (know) as the ‘feel-good hormone’ — (25) ________ can improve our mood and heighten the attention span.”

Here, Jules gives her suggestion on the colours that (26) ________ be more suited.

“Red and green should never be seen” couldn’t be more wrong. Unexpectedly, they work greatly well together. Our brain associate colours with temperature, (27) ________ bright red is at the hottest end of colour district. Bright red and dark red are both universally attractive and suit almost every skin tone and hair colour. This combination (28) ________ (think) unpleasant bright, but here the green, or bright blue, helps to tone down the purple.

Research also suggests that men prefer women in pink, as it’s (29) ________ (close) colour to skin. Pale pink is a feminine and youthful colour, but it is more wearable than its brighter part. Add touches of dark red (30) ________ (make) it more elegant.

Keys: 21. instead of22. changing23. a24. known25. which

26. couldn’t / can’t27. so28. is thought29. the closest30. to make

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

What families need is more affordable urban neighbourhoods with decent schools, safe streets, adequate parks ---and more housing space. As New York University’s Shlomo Angel points out, virtually all major cities worldwide(21)_______ (grow) outward more than inward, and becoming less dense in the process --- because density drives families away from urban cores and toward less dense peripheres(外围). The lesson is clear:(22)________cities were families, they should promote a mixture of density options.

The solution is not to make war on suburbia, as urbanists have been doing for years. Following the notions (23)________ Jane Jacobs advanced a half-century ago, contemporary urbanists argue that high density creats a (24)______ (strong) sense of community. But that contention isn’t self-evident. The university of California’s Jan Brueckner and Ann Largely conducted 15,000 interviews across the country and found that for every 10 percent drop in population density, the likelihood of someone’s talking to his neighbour once a week went up 10 percent, (25)_______ __________ race ,income, education , martial statue, or age.

In California, particularly , state and local officials push policies that favor the development of apartments over single-family houses and town houses. But by trying to cram people into higher-density space, planners help push up prices for the existing stock of family-friendly homes. Such policies have already been practiced for decades in the United Kngdom, (26)________(make) even provincial cities unaffordable, as British social commentator James Heartfield notes. London

(27)_______ is among the least affordable cities in the world. Even middle-class residents

(28)_______(know) to live in garages, converted bathrooms, and garden sheds.

A city that continues to be high-density and high-cost hasn’t necessarily signed its own death warrant. Manhattan, parts of Brooklyn, and much of San Francisco, Seattle, Boston, and other amenity-rich cities---(29)________Tulane University geographer Richard Campanella calls “kiddie deserts” ---continue to flourish, (30)_____________other cities, such as Detroit, Cleveland, and Buffalo, can’t attract the same interest from young hipsters and the rich and are

consequently less capable of withstanding the effects of family flight to the suburbs.

Keys: 21. are growing 22. if 23.that 24.stronger 25.regardless of

26.making 27.itself 28. have been known 29.what 30. but

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

The first year of school can be stressful - not for the kids, but for the parents! They want their little ones to do well at school and some pushy parents will already be thinking about the problem (21) they can get their child to the top of the class. But some parents are concerned about the rules for when children should start school.

The School Admissions Code for England says that children (22)join the reception class the September after their fourth birthday.

But here is the problem: A four year old who is born in August could be in the same class (23) someone who was born in October of the previous year! (24) of them were four years old in September.

The older child will probably do better in class tests. He or she is almost a year (25)________(old)! This can affect the confidence of the younger child.

Now England’s schools minister, Nick Gibbs says that the rules should(26)________(change). In an open letter to councils, schools and parents he says, “Parents know their children best”.

And he said that some parents “feel forced(27)__________(send) their child to school before they are ready”.

He proposes that children that are born during the summer can join the class when they are four or wait(28)__________they are five.

Dr. David Whitebread, (29)___________educationalist from Cambridge University, says that the UK has a summer-born effect just(30)___________children start school so young.

“In countries with these later starting ages, there is a very much reduced summer-born effect

or none at all”, he said.

Keys: 21.how 22.should 23.as 24.Both 25.older

26.be changed 27.to send 28.until 29.an 30.because

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

If you’re looking for the thrill of a lifetime, running with the bull should be near the top of your list!

The running of the bulls takes place every July during(21)________ San Fermin Festival in Pamplona, Spain traditionally, the public has an opportunity to run with the bulls down a half--mile stretch of cobbled road, (22)_________ ends in a bull fighting ring. It happens at 8 AM every morning for a week straight and each race lash two to three minutes. The run started in the mid-1800s (23)_______officials would take the bulls from the edge of town to the bull ring(圆形场地)

the run. There are plenty of risks (25)________ (exist) this event. Participating in the run means risking a pile-up, which can lead to injury or death of both the bulls and the runners. With so many people running in a panic, it can be complete chaos out there. (26)_______ part of the preparation for the annual event, barricades(路障)are placed on each side of the street so people can easily exit the race.

There are a few key things (27)________ (remember) about participating in the running of the bulls. Y ou should never try to catch a bull’s attention because a bull runs down the path as fast as possible (28)_________ it reaches its destination. If it (29)________ (bother),it will separate from the rest of the bulls and that could spell trouble! Other ways you can avoid injury and chaos are (30)________ avoid touching the bulls, run behind them,and make sure not to bother the drovers who lead the bulls to the arena(斗牛场).

Keys: 21. the22. which 23. when 24. that 25. existing

26. As 27. to remember 28. until 29. is bothered 30. can

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

How to Find Happiness without Buying it?

Our materialistic society has led us to believe that happiness cannot be obtained without having money.

Rather than learning to be satisfied with what we have, we (21)_______ (teach)to want more. We learn from advertising, and from the media, (22)________ we need to buy trinkets and toys in order to make ourselves happy, or (23)_______ (fulfill) emotional needs, and that the purchases they are trying to talk us into will provide us with the psychological comfort we are looking for.

Unfortunately, as a society we have bought into these (24)______ (misguide)messages and have come to believe that (25)_____ (spend) money on certain items will bring us fame, fortune, happiness, beauty, or popularity. As a result, we trade hours of our lives working, sacrificing time that (26)______ have been spent with our families, (27)_______ the pursuit of the almighty dollar.

Actually, there are a number of ways to enjoy life without the need for a great deal of money. For example, Think about (28)______ you would spend your time, and what you would do for enjoyment. Change your focus from material possessions to (29)______ that bring you enjoyment, such as spending quality time with your family and friends.Certainly, it is important to work and earn enough to provide for our basic needs and the needs of our families, but it is important to recognize when the desire for personal possessions becomes overly consuming, (30)________ otherwise will upset a balance between a satisfying work life and a rich home life. The best way to achieve such a balance is to ensure the drive for material possessions does not become all consuming.

Keys: 21. are taught 22. that 23. to fulfill 24. misguided 25. spending

26. could 27. for 28. how 29. others 30. which

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崇明区2019届第一次期末质量检测试卷 英语 I. Listening Comprehension II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Electric Bike Ban in New Y ork Hurts Food Delivery Workers A ban on electric bicycles in New York City is hurting delivery workers who depend on them to earn a living. Many of the workers are immigrants. Electric bicycles, or “e-bikes,” look like regular bicycles, but they have electric-powered motors to assist riders in moving the bike forward. Most e-bikes reach speeds of about 32 kilometers an hour, but some can go much (21)________ (fast). (22)________ it is legal to own e-bikes in New York City, it is not legal to operate them. Officials there consider the dangerous use of e-bikes on streets and sidewalks as reason (23)________ the ban. Last year, the city announced severe measures (24)________ (mean) to hold e-bike riders and restaurants that employ the riders responsible. E-bike operators can now be fined $500 for breaking the ban. The police (25)________ also seize the bikes. Many of New York’s delivery workers are Chinese immigrants in their 50s and 60s. Their job requires them to work quickly and for long hours (26)________ (earn) enough money to live on. Delivery worker Deqing Lian said it is important to perform quality work (27)________ their job also depends on tips. He added that when delivery workers are too slow, some people refuse to pay for the food. This makes the workers’ supervisors angry. Liqiang Liu is an e-bike delivery worker and spokesperson for the New York Delivery Workers Union. He says (28)________ (catch) breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for workers. Do Lee is with the Biking Public Project, (29)________ provides assistance to bicycle-related workers in New York City. He says the city’s ban on e-bikes is unfairly targeting low-paid workers who largely come from the city’s Latino and Asian communities. He does not accept the argument (30)________ e-bikes present a danger to citizens. However, many New Yorkers are quick to blame e-bike riders for not being safe. Section B

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