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中学考试 常考英语单词

中学考试 常考英语单词
中学考试 常考英语单词

中考常考英语单词

1. clothes, cloth, clothing

clothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数,cloth指布,为不可数名词clothing服装的总称,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of

2. incident, accident

incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.

3. amount, number

amount后接不可数名词,number后接可数名词a number of students

4. family, house, home

home家,包括住处和家人,house房子,住宅,family家庭成

员.Myfamilyisahappyone.

5. sound, voice, noise

sound自然界各种各样的声音,voice人的嗓音,noise噪音I hate the loud noiseoutside.

6. photo, picture, drawing

photo用照相机拍摄的照片,picture可指相片,图片,电影片,drawing画的画Let'sgo and see a good picture.

7. vocabulary, word

vocabulary词汇,一个人拥有的单词量,word具体的单词Hehasalargevocabulary.

8. population, people

population人口,人数,people具体的人China has a large population.

9. weather, climate

weather一天内具体的天气状况,climate长期的气候状况The climate here is notgood for you.

10. road, street, path, way

road具体的公路,马路,street街道,path小路,小径,way道路,途径take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.

11. course, subject

course课程(可包括多门科目),subject科目(具体的学科)a summer course

12. custom, habit

custom传统风俗,习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接to do,habit生活习惯,习惯成自然,后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.

13. cause, reason

cause指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接of sth./doing sth,reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late

14. exercise, exercises, practice

exercise运动,锻炼(不可数),exercises练习(可数),practice(反复做的)练习Practice makes perfect.

15. class, lesson

作"课"解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson.指班级或全体学生用class. lesson 6;class 5

16. speech, talk, lecture

speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说,talk日常生活中的一般的谈话,讲话,lecture学术性的演讲,讲课a series of lecture on…

17. officer, official

officer部队的军官,official政府官员an army officer

18. work, job

二者均指工作。work不可数,job可数a good job

19. couple, pair

couple主要指人或动物,pair多指由两部分组成的东西a pair of trousers

20. country, nation, state, land

country侧重指版图,疆域,nation指人民,国民,民族,state侧重指政府,政体,land国土,国家The whole nation was sad at the news.

21. cook, cooker

cook厨师,cooker厨具He is a good cook.

22. damage, damages

damage不可数名词,损害,损失; damages复数形式,赔偿金$900 damages

23. police, policeman

police警察的总称,后接复数谓语动词,policeman指某个具体的警察Thepolicearequestioning everyone in the house.

24. problem, question

problem常和困难连系,前面的动词常为thinkabout,solve,raise,question常和疑问连系,多和ask, answer连用

25. man, a man

man人类,a man一个男人Man will conquer nature.

26. chick, chicken

二者均可指小鸡,chicken还可以当鸡肉The chicken is delicious.

27. telegram, telegraph

当电报解时,telegram指具体的,telegraph指抽象的a telegram, by telegraph

28. trip, journey, travel, voyage

travel是最常用的,trip指短期的旅途,journey指稍长的旅途,voyage指海上航行a three-day trip

29. sport, game

sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动,如打球,游泳,打猎,赛马等;game指决定胜负的游戏,通常有一套规则His favorite sport is swimming.

30. price, prize

price价格,prize奖,奖品,奖金win the first prize The price is high/low.

31. a number of, the number of

a number of许多,谓语动词用复数。the number of…的数目,谓语动词用单数。Thenumber of students is increasing.

32. in front of, in the front of

infrontof范围外的前面,inthefrontof范围内的前面Inthefrontoftheroomsits a boy.

33. of the day, of a day

oftheday每一天的,当时的,当代的,ofaday暂时的,不长久的afamousscientistof the day

34. three of us, the three of us

threeofus我们(不止三个)中的三个,thethreeofus我们三个(就三个

人)Thethreeof us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.

35. by bus, on the bus

by bus表手段,方式,不用冠词,on the bus表范围They went there by bus.

36. for a moment, for the moment

foramoment片刻,一会儿,forthemoment暂时,一时Thinkingforamoment,heagreed.

37. next year, the next year

nextyear将来时间状语,thenextyear过去将来时间状语Hesaidhewouldgoabroadthe next year.

38. more than a year, more than one year

more than a year一年多,more than one year超过一年(两年或三年等)

39. take advice, take the(one's) advice

take advice征求意见,take the advice接受忠告He refused to take the adviceand failed again.

40. take air, take the air

take air传播,走漏,take the air到户外去,散步We take the air every day.

41. in a word, in words

in a word总之,一句话,in words口头上In a word, you are right.

42. in place of, in the place of

inplaceof代替,intheplaceof在…地方Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceof the old one.

43. in secret, in the secret

in secret秘密地,暗自地,偷偷地,一般用作状语;in the secret知道内情,知道秘密,一般用作表语My mother was in the secret from the beginning.

44. a girl, one girl

a girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一个女孩Can one girl carry such a big box?

45. take a chair, take the chair

take a chair相当于sit down坐下,take the chair开始开会

46. go to sea, by sea, by the sea

go to sea当海员,出航,by sea乘船,由海路,by the sea在海边go by sea

47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher

thedoctorandteacher指一个人,既是医生又是老师,thedoctorandtheteacher两个人,一个医生和一个老师the doctor and teacher is

48. in office, in the office

inoffice在职的,in theoffice在办公室里Heisinoffice,notoutofoffice.

49. in bed, on the bed

in bed卧在床上,on the bed在床上The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed.

50. in charge of, in the charge of

in charge of管理,负责照料,in the charge of由……照料He is in charge ofthe matter. The matter is in the charge of her.

51. in class, in the class

in class在课上,in the class在班级里He is the best student in the class.

52. on fire, on the fire

onfire着火,onthefire在火上Putthefoodonthefire.Thehouseisonfire.

53. out of question, out of the question

out of question毫无疑问的,out of the question不可能的

54. a second, the second

a second又一,再一,the second第……He won the second prize.

55. by day, by the day

by day白天,by the day按天计算The workers are paid by the day.

56. the people, a people

the people指人,a people指民族The Chinese is a peace-loving people.

57. it, one

it同一物体,one同类不同一I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.

58. that, this

that指代上文所提到的,this导出下文所要说的I was ill. That's why…

59. none, nothing, no one

none强调有多少,nothing, no one强调有没有,nothing指物,no one指人--- How many…/How much…? --- None.

60. anyone, any one

anyone指人,不能接of,any one指人物均可,可接of any one of you

61. who, what

who指姓名或关系,what指职业或地位What is your dad? He is a teacher.

62. what, which

what的选择基础是无限制的,which在一定范围内进行选择Which do you prefer,bananas or apples?

63. other, another

other后接名词复数,another后接名词单数other students, another student

64. not a little, not a bit

not a little非常,not a bit一点也不I'm not a bit tired.我一点儿也不累。

65. many, much, a lot of

many和可数名词连用,much和不可数名词连用,alotof可数,不可数均可,但不用于否定句I haven't many books.

66. much more…than, many more…than

muchmore…than后接形容词或不可数名词,manymore…than后接可数名词manymorepeople, much more water, much more beautiful

67. no, not

no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water

68. no more than, not more than

no more than相当于only,仅仅,只有,not more than至多,不超过

69. majority, most

majority只能修饰可数名词,most可数不可数均可the majority of people

70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself

byoneself单独的,独自的,foroneself为自己,tooneself供自己用的,ofoneself自行的,自动的The door opened of itself.

71. at all, after all

at all根本,全然, after all到底,毕竟After all he is a child.

72. tall, high

tall常指人或动物,high常指物体He is tall.

73. fast, quickly

fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点,quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快run fast, answer the question quickly

74. high, highly

high具体的高,highly抽象的高,高度的think highly of

75. healthy, healthful

healthy健康的,健壮的,healthful有益于健康的healthful exercise

76. sleeping, asleep, sleepy

sleeping正在睡觉,asleep睡着,熟睡,只能做表语,sleepy困的,有睡意的asleepingbaby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.

77. gold, golden

gold指真金制品,golden指金色的,但金鱼用gold fish a gold ring

78. most, mostly

most用于表感受的肯定句中,相当于very,当大部分,大多数解时是形容词或名词,mostly大部分,是副词most people, the people are mostly…

79. just, very

just表强调时是副词,作状语,very表强调时是形容词,用作定语theveryman,justthe man

80. wide, broad

wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离,broad侧重于幅面的宽广broad shoulders

81. real, true

real真的,真实的,指的是事实上存在而不是想象的,true真的,真正的,指的是事实和实际情况相符合real gold, a true story

82. respectful, respectable

respectful尊敬,有礼貌,respectable可敬的,值得尊敬的be respectful to theaged

83. outwards, outward

二者均可用作副词,表示向外,外面,outward还可用作形容词an outward voyage

84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant常用作定语,pleased,pleasing常用作表语,pleased主语常为人,pleasing主语常为物a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.

85. understanding, understandable

understanding明白事理的,能体谅的,understandable可理解的,能够懂的anunderstanding girl, an understandable mistake

86. close, closely

close接近,靠近,closely紧紧地,紧密地closely connected, stand close

87. ill, sick

ill做表语,sick定,表均可a sick boy

88. good, well

good形容词,well副词,但指身体状况是形容词He is well again.

89. quiet, silent, still

quiet安静的,可以发出小的声音,silent不发出声音,但可以动,still完全不动,完全无声响He stand there still.他站在那儿,一动不动,也不说话。

90. hard, hardly

hard努力,hardly几乎不work hard I can hardly believe it.

91. able, capable

able与不定式to do连用,capable与of连用He is capable of doing…

92. almost, nearly

二者均为"几乎,差不多"和否定词连用用almost almost nobody

93. late, lately

late迟,晚,lately最近,近来I haven't seen him lately.

94. living, alive, live, lively

living,alive,live均为活着的,living定表均可,alive定表均可,定语后置,live只能做定语,lively意为活波的all the living people=all the people alive

95. excited, exciting

excited使人兴奋的,exciting令人兴奋的I'm excited. The news is exciting.

96. deep, deeply

deep具体的深,deeply抽象的深,深深地deeply moved, dig deep

97. aloud, loud

aloud出声地,loud大声地read aloud(出声地读)

98. worth, worthy

二者均为值得,worth后接doing,worthy后接to be done, of being doneItisworthvisiting.=It'sworthytobevisited.=It'sworthyofbeingvisited.

99. bad, badly

bad形容词,badly副词,不好,但与need,want,require连用为"很,非常"gobadI need the book badly.

100. before long, long before

before long不久以后,long before很久以前not long before = before long

101. quite, rather

quite完全地,相当于completely, rather修饰比较级quite impossible

102. happy, glad

happy高兴,幸福,定表均可,glad高兴,只能做表语a happy girl

103. instead, instead of

instead是副词,放在句首或句末,insteadof是介词短语,放在句中Hedidn'tseea film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.

104. too much, much too

too much后接不可数名词,much too后接形容词much too heavy

105. be about to, be going to, be to do

beaboutto表最近的将来,后面不接时间状语,begoingto侧重打算,想法,betodo侧重意志,计划,安排I'm to meet him.(含双方事先约好的意思)

106. raise, rise

raise及物动词,rise不及物动词The sun rises in the east.

107. bring, take, carry, fetch

bring拿来,take带走,carry随身携带,fetch去回这一往返动作fetchaboxofchalk

108. spend, take, pay, cost

spend人做主语,花钱,花时间; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主语,花时间; pay人做主语,花钱,pay for; cost物做主语,花钱

109. join, join in, take part in

join加入某个组织,并成为其中的一员;join in参加小型的活动, join sb.

in;takepart in参加大型的活动He joined the army five years ago.

110. learn, study

learn学习,侧重学习的结果,study学习,侧重学习的过程,研究

study the problem

111. want, hope, wish

want打算,想要,want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望(通常可以实现),hope todo/ hope that…wish希望(通常不能实现)wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wishyou success.

112. discover, invent, find out

discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西,invent发明本来不存在的物体,findout发现,查明At last he found out the truth.

113. answer, reply

answer及物动词,reply不及物动词,后接to reply to the letter

114. leave, leave for

leave离开,leave for前往He left Beijing for Shanghai.

115. rob, steal

rob抢劫rob sb. of sth.,steal偷steal sth. from sb.

116. shoot, shoot at

shoot射死,shoot at瞄准,但不一定射中He shot the bird and it died.

117. drop, fall

drop及物不及物均可,fall不及物动词

Pricesfell/dropped.Hedroppedhisvoice.

118. search, search for

search后接地点,search for后接东西He searched his pocket for money.

119. used to, be used to

usedto过去常常,beusedto习惯于,后接sth./doingsth.;被用来,后接dosth.He is used to getting up early.

120. win, lose, beat

win后接sth.,反义词为lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them

121. live on, live by

live on以…为主食,live by靠…谋生live on fish/ live by fishing

122. beat, hit, strike

beat连续性地击打;hit打中,对准打;strike打一下或若干下beat the wings

123. meet, meet with

meet遇到,meet with体验到,遭遇到meet with an accident

124. lose, miss

lose失去(具体的物体),错过sth.islost,losethechance;miss想念,错过sth.is missing, miss the chance

125. be tired of, be tired with/from

betiredof厌烦…,betiredwith/from因为…而累了

betiredwith/fromrunning800 meters

126. care about, care for

care about关心,计较,在乎,一般多用于否定句中;care for关心,照料,喜欢,愿意He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies.

127. catch a cold, have a cold

catch a cold不能和表示"一段时间"的状语连用,而have a cold可以

She has had a cold for a week.

128. change for, change into

change for调换成,change into变成Change the shirt for a bigger one. Waterchanges into ice.

129. continue, last

二者均为持续,continue主动,被动均可,last只能用主动Thewarcontinued/lastedfive years. The story is to be continued.

130. feed, raise

feed喂养,养活,饲养(togivefoodto),raise饲养,养育(causetogrow,bringup children) raise the family

131. go for a doctor, go to a doctor

go for a doctor去请医生,go to a doctor去看病

132. notice, observe, catch sight of

notice注意到,observe观察,仔细地看,catchsightof突然看到observethestars

133. insist on, stick to

insist on坚持要求,后常接doing, stick to坚持,后常接sth. stick to the plan

134. look, seem, appear

look指从外表上看,seem指内心的判断,appear指给人以表面的印象appear wise,look like his father

135. gather, collect

gather把分散的东西集中到一起,collect指精心地、有选择地进行收集collectstamps

136. mean to do, mean doing

mean to do打算,想要做某事,mean doing意思是,意味着By this I mean givingthe students more practice.

137. die from, die of

die from表示死于(枪)伤,虚弱,过度劳累,饮食过度等,die of表示死于疾病,饥饿,寒冷,年老,忧愁,失恋等精神因素die of hunger and cold

138. pay for, pay back, pay off

pay for为…付钱,pay back还钱,但不一定还清,pay off还清pay for the book,pay off the debt

139. divide, separate

divide把一个整体分成几部分,separate把连在一起的个体分开divide the apple,separate the houses

140. arrive, get, reach

arrive不及物动词,后接in(大地点),at(小地点),get不及物动词后接to,reach及物动词arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing

141. grow, plant

grow使某种植物在某地生长着或使其发展下去,plant移植,移栽已经长成秧苗的植物plant the trees, trees are growing

142. manage, try

managetodo设法做成了某事,trytodo尽力去做某事但不一定成功Hetriedtopassthe exam, but he failed.

143. choose, select

choose凭个人的判断力进行选择,select有目的地仔细认真地选择choose the bestanswer

144. build, put up, set up, found

build一般用语,建成,putup临时搭建,setup建成(内部的设施基本齐全),found国家或组织的建成put up a tent, set up a school

145. be familiar to, be familiar with

befamiliarto某物对某人来说是熟悉的,befamiliarwith某人熟悉某物Thebookis familiar to me. I'm familiar with the book.

146. agree with, agree to, agree on

agreewith同意某人,agreeto同意某事,agreeon在…上达成一致意见,主语是复数agree with you, agree to the plan

147. throw to, throw at

throw to扔到…, throw at朝…扔He throw a stone at me.

148. receive, accept

receive收到某一东西,但不一定接受,accept接受

Ireceivedagift,butIdidn'taccept it.

149. wear, put on, dress

wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时,dress接

人,bedressedin,puton表动作It's cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.

150. listen, hear

listen强调动作,hear强调结果I listened, but I heard nothing.

151. look, see, watch

look看的动作,see看的结果,watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展watch TV

152. lie, lay

lie躺,位于(lay, lain),说谎(lied, lied),lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book

153. work as, act as

workas工作是…,actas充当某种职务或身份,或扮演某种角色Heworksasateacher.He acts as an interpreter.

154. move, remove

move动一动,但不一定移走,remove从一处移到另一处remove the table to thekitchen

155. hurt, injure, wound

hurt感情上受伤,injure事故中受伤,wound战争中受伤Hewaswoundedinthewar.

156. turn, get, grow

turn表突变,后常接表颜色的词,get强调变的结果,grow强调过程,逐渐的变化turnyellow, get tired, grow big

157. close, shut, turn off

close和shut当关解时可以通用,用于可开合的物体,turnoff用于指有开关的物体Close/Shut the door. Turn off the TV.

158. set out, set about, set off

指出发,着手解时,set out后接to do,set about后接doing, set off后接forsp.

159. begin, start

begin侧重时间的开始,反义词为end,start侧重由静到动的转折,反义词为stopClassbegins at 7:30a.m.

160. happen, take place

happen偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生,take place必然性的发生Great changeshave taken place in my hometown.

161. at, in (表地点)

at小地点,in大地点arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai

162. at work, in work

atwork在工作,在上班,inwork有职业,有工作Bothmyparentsareatwork.Theyare not at home.

163. increase to, increase by

increase to增长到…,increase by增长了…The number increased by 2,000

to5,000.

164. at ease, with ease

at ease舒适地,安逸地;with ease容易地,无困难地do it with ease

165. day after day, day by day

dayafterday日复一日(无变化);daybyday一天天地(有变

化)Treesgrowtallerdayby day.

166. like, as

like相似关系,但并不等同,as同一关系,两者实为一体

Don'ttreatmeasachild.(In fact, I'm a child.)

167. after, in (表时间)

after接时间点,in接时间段after 7:00, in five minutes

168. between, among

between两者之间,三者或三者以上两两之间, among三者或三者以上之间Switzerland lies between France, Germany, Australia and Italy.

169. after, behind (表位置)

after强调次序的先后,behind强调物体静态位置的前后Therearemanytreesbehindthe house.

170. since, for (完成时间状语)

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