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八年级英语下册unit

八年级英语下册unit
八年级英语下册unit

初二英语万能教材课时安排

一、班制

基础班超前实验班特训班

二、编书内容

万能教材基础班课时作业实验班课时作业特训班课时作业

三、学期

春季:初二下半学期

秋季:初二上半学期

暑期:初二预科

四、万能教材授课计划

1. 春秋季讲授内容与课时安排

2.暑期初二预科班安排

a.班制:A.暑秋连上班(也分基础和实验班)

B.暑期短期班(也分基础和实验)b.讲授内容和课时安排

初二下册英语万能教材

使用说明

备注:1. 课标考纲解读(让老师了解教学大纲是所有班都应掌握的知识)

2. 知识网络结构图( 包含了本单元的重点短语、词组、句型,

所有班制的学)

3.语法要点归纳(拓展部分只需实验班和特训班的学生掌握)4.内容详解(这部分的基础知识要求每个班的学生都应

掌握具体深度老师自己掌握)5.中考命题探究中考真题解读(这两部分题应让所有班制的学生都

接触但老师讲解的深度应不同)

Unit 1 will people have robots?Ⅰ[课标考纲解读]:

1、掌握一般将来时的表达法,区别运用will do 与be going to do;

2、能够运用more、few、less表达数量;

3、能谈论过去、现在和将来,敢于预测未来;

4、复习一般现在时和一般将来时。

Ⅱ [知识网络结构图]:

Ⅲ [语法要点归纳]:

一般将来时

一、概念:表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复

发生的动作,常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如tomorrow, next week, next year等。

I will go back to my hometown next week.下周我将回故乡。

We will come to see you every Sunday. 下周将在每周日来看望你。

二、构成:

1.肯定式:

主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他

主语+be going to+动词原形+其他

Will 用于各种人称,shall仅用于第一人称,be 随人称、数和时间的变化而变化,Will在名词或代词后常省略为’ll.

They’ll have a test next week.他们下周要进行测验。

We will/shall visit the summer Palace.我们要去参观颐和园。、

I’m going to write a letter to my friend.我要给朋友写信。

2.否定式:在will/shall/be 后加not

The boys won’t play football this afternoon.这些男孩子今天下午不踢足球。

I shan’t go back to my hometown next Sunday.下星期天我不回家乡了。

He isn’t going to water the flowers.他不打算浇花了。

3.一般疑问句:将will/shall/be 提到主语前面。

Will the students watch the match ? 学们们要去看比赛吗?

Are you going to visit your friend?你要去看望你的朋友吗?

辨析:will+动词原形与be going to +动词原形

⑴“will+动词原形”表示单纯意义“将来要(会)......”,没有计划性。

They will go with us.他们将和我们一起去。

⑵“be going to +动词原形”表示“将要发生......”“打算、计划、决定要......”。

What are you going to do next Sunday? 下个星期你打算干什么?

[拓展]

动词come, go, leave, start等可以用现在进行时表示将来。

-Where are you going ?你要去哪?

-I’m going to the park.我要去公园。

-Jim, supper is ready.吉姆,晚饭准备好了。

-I ‘m coming 我就来。

We’re leaving at 6:00 tomorrow morning.我们明天上午6点出发。

Ⅳ【内容详解】

Section A

1.Do you think there will be robots in people’s homes ?

你认为人们家里将会有机器人吗?

(1)此句是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句。Do you think…是主句;ther e will be…是宾语从句,省略了引导词that,从句为陈述语序。

there be句型

There is (are)…表示“某处有某物”。

There is some people in the room.

【例1】There_____a book and two rulers on the desk.

A are

B is

C a

点拨:此题考查there be 句型的就近原则

答案:B

【例2】There____a speech contest this evening.

A. will have

B. has

C. is

D. will be

点拨:此题考查there be 句型时态的变化

(1) 一般现在时:There is/are…

(2) 一般过去时:There was/were…

(3) 一般将来时:There will be…

There is/are going to be

答案:D

(2)People是一个集合名词,只能做复数使用,没有单数形式,意思是“人,人们”表

示“一个人,两个人”时可以说one person,two persons,不能说one people, two peoples 但可以说three people, many people a lot of people.

【例3】There are five_____in my family.

A.people

B.peoples

C. person

辨析:person people 与man

这三个词都表示“人”

①Person指“人”是可数名词。指具体的人,侧重于个体,无男女性别之分,常和数

词连用,一般用在数目不大且比较精确的场合。

②people 泛指“人们”是集合名词,作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。

Some people speak French in this country.

③people 还可表示“民族,种族”是可数名词,其复数形式为peoples

There are fifty-six peoples in Chinese.

④man 指“男人”与“女人”woman 相对,其复数形式为men.有时用来泛指一般的人,无男女性别之分,意为“(任何)人”。

Any man could do this thing.谁都能做这件事。

(3)home n.家

Simon left home at the age of 18.

辨析:family, home,与home

①family “家,家庭,家里的人”,不指“住房”。

There are my family.这是我的家人。

②house “住宅”,指居住的房屋。

This is my new house. 这是我的新居。

③home “家”指一家人共同生活的地方,特别强调家里的氛围和环境。

There is no place like home. 没有任何地方比得上家。

2. I think every home will have a robot. 我认为家家都会有一个机

器人。

此句中“will+动词原形”构成一般将来时。当主语为第一人称(I和We)时,will 常换为“shall+动词原形”,疑问句形式为:will/shall+主语+动词原形+其他?

I shall visit my aunt next week.

下周我将去看望我的姑姑。

Will you go swimming tomorrow?

明天你去游泳吗?

辨析:every与each

⑴二者都可译为“每个”但every着重指由一个一个所形成的全体;用于三个或三个以上的人或物。

Every student passed the exam.每个(所有)学生考试都及格了。

Every answer is right.每个(所有)答案都正确。

⑵each 着重指全体中的一个个的个体,用于总数为两个或两个以上的人或物;其个体感比every强。

There are trees on each side of the road.

路的两边都有树。

3.People won’t use money.Everything will be free.

人们将不再使用钱。一切都将是免费的。

free adj.免费的免税的

Are the drinks free? 这饮料是免费的吗?

拓展:free还有“自由的,空闲的”意思

He wants to be free.他想得到自由。

4.People will live to be 200 years old.

人们将会活到200岁。

⑴live to be+基数词+years old 可意为“活到……岁”

⑵live 是动词,其汉语意思是“居住;生活;活”

I live in Beijing.

We live happily =We live a happy life.

我们过着幸福的生活。

拓展:live adj.活着的有生命的

live fish 活鱼

5.Will people use money in 100 years?

100年后人们还使用钱吗?

句中的in表示“在……之后”。该用法通常用于一般将来时。

He will finish the work in two hours.

⑴in 是指以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间之后”也可以表示“在将来多少时间之内”,句中的谓语动词要用一般将来时。

He will be back in two days.他两天以后回来。

⑵after 常常指以过去时间为起点的“在一段时间之后”,所以它与过去时态连用。当after 指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之后,或指以将来某一时间为起点的若干时间之后,它可以与将来时态连用。

He started on Sunday and arrived in Beijing after three days.

他星期天动身,三天之后到达北京。

I will be free after Friday.

6.There will be more/less/fewer people.将会有更多/更少的人。

⑴more 是many和much 的比较级,其后既可以跟可数名词复数,也可以跟不可数名词,意思是“更多”。

Mr. Smith wanted to get more money.

⑵less是little的比较级,其后只接不可数名词,意思是“较少的,更少的”

There is less water in that glass.

那个杯子里的水更少。

⑶fewer 是few的比较级,其后只接可数名词的复数形式,意思是:“较少的更少的”

I have fewer friends in that school.

在那所学校里我有较少的朋友。

7.There will be more/less/fewer pollution

pollution n. 动词形式是pollute

air pollution 空气污染noise pollution 噪音污

8.Well, I don’t agree. But I think there will be fewer trees.

哦,我不同意你的看法,但我认为树将会更少。

agree v. “同意,赞同,取得一致意见”。反义词disagree

辨析:agree with 与agree to

两者都表示:“同意,赞同”的意思,但后面接的宾语不同。agree with 后接指人或表示意见,看法的词;agree to后接表示建议、计划、安排之类的词。

I quite agree with you. 我很同意你的意见。

Do you agree with what I have said?

你赞同我所说的吗?

He has agreed to our suggestion about the holiday.

他已经同意我们度假的建议了.

Section B

1.I will fly rockets to the moom .

我将乘火箭飞向月球。

fly 的用法:

⑴fly v.飞;飞行。其过去式为flew,过去分词是flown

Time flies!光阴似箭!fly the kites 放风筝

⑵fly n.苍蝇。其复数flies。

2.…I went to Shanghai last year and fell in love with it .…..去年我去了上海并喜欢上了它。

fall in love with 爱上(某人或某物)

fall behind 落在……的后面,跟不上

fall down 倒下掉下

fall into 落入……中

fall off 从……上掉下

3. As a reporter, I think I will meet lots of interesting people.

作为一名记者我想我会接触到许多有趣的人。

as在该句子中是介词,意为“作为,以……的身份。

He came to Chinese as a tourist five years ago.

他五年前以游客的身份来过中国。

拓展:

⑴as 用作连词引导时间状语从句,意为“当…..时”与when ,while 同义,但他们有区别,用when 时从句的动作可以与主句的动作同时发生,也可以先于主句的动作同时发生;用while时,从句的动作作为一个过程,主句动作与从句动作同时进行或在从句动作的过程中发生;用as时,主句和从句的动作同时发生,具有延续的含义。

It was snowing when he arrived at the construction site.

他到达工地时,天正在下雪。

He was watching TV while his mother was cooking. 他母亲做饭是他在看电视。

You will grow wiser as you grow older.

你会随着年龄的增长而越来越聪明。

⑵as的一些固定句型

①as…as…意为“和……一样……”,表示同级的比较。

This film is as interesting as that one.

②as…as possible 意为“尽可能…..”

Please answer my question as soon as possible.

4. I think I’ll live in an apartment with my best friends, because I don’t like living alone.

我想我会和我最好的朋友住在一套公寓里,因为我不喜欢一个人居住。

alone adv.“单独地”,与lonely同义。

辨析:alone 与lonely

⑴alone 表示“单独,独自一人”,主要强调客观情况。

⑵lonely 指孤独、寂寞,主要指主观上的孤独、心灵上的孤独,具有伤感色彩”

The old man lives alone, but he doesn’t feel lonely. 那位老人独自生活,但他并不感到寂寞。

5. I might even keep a pet parrot !

我甚至可以养一只宠物鹦鹉!

Keep v.意为“养护,照顾,保管”

They keep cows on their farm.

拓展:

①keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事(保持某种状态)

Sorry, I have kept you waiting so long.

对不起,让你久等了。

②keep doing sth. 一直做某事

Why do you keep laughing all the time?

你为什么总是在笑?

6.During the week I’ll look smart, and probably will wear a suit. 平日我可以穿套装,看上去挺漂亮的。

⑴the week“平日,工作日”

⑵look 在此句中为连系动词,意为“看起来,看上去”

辨析:look 与seem

两者都可以作连系动词,都可以译作“似乎,看上去”

①look 所表示的“看起来”是以视觉所接受的印象为依据的。

Jack looks like his father.

杰克看起来像他爸爸。

That skirt looks beautiful.

那条裙子看上去很漂亮。

②seem 所表示的“似乎,看起来”是以客观迹象为依据的,需要通过一定的推理或判

断才能得出结论。

Danny seems to win the game.

丹尼似乎要赢得这场比赛。

The train seems to be late.

看来火车要晚点了。

Self Check

1. Predicting the future can be difficult,

预测未来可能是困难的。

此句为动名词短语predicting the future 作主语,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。

Swimming is good for our health.

游泳对我们的健康有益。

⑴动名词和动词不定式都可以作主语,但在用法上有区别:

不定式作主语通常表示一次性、未来的且具体的特指动作,而动名词作主语通常表示习惯性、经常性和不具体的泛指动作。

Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old.

步行对年轻人和老年人来说都是一种好的锻炼形式。

To carry the heavy box is not easy for the boy.

对这个男孩来说,搬这个盒子是不容易的。

2.There are many famous predictions that never came true.

有许多著名的预言从没有实现过。

come true “实现,成为现实”是一个不及物的动词词组,不能接宾语。

His idea came true with hard work.

经过努力工作,他的想法变成了现实。

拓展:

⑴come from 来自;出身于

The boy came from a poor family.

这个男孩出身于一个贫穷的家庭。

⑵come over 过来;从远方来

When did you first come over to this city?

你第一次来这个城市是什么时候?

⑶come down 下来

Breakfast is ready. Come down.

早饭准备好了,下来吧。

⑷come out 出来(可指花开、照片洗出来、书出版等)

The flowers are coming out. 花要开放了。

走进中考(Questions in Exam)

Ⅴ中考命题探究(Exploration)

1. ---Will there be fewer cars in the street?

---

A.Yes, there won’t

B.No,there will

C. Yes, there will

D. Yes, it will

【解析】C. 本题考查there be句型的将来时的肯定回答和否定回答;肯定回答用Yes, there will。否定回答用No, there won’t。前呼后应,因此,A,B两项排除,问句是Will there be….?不能用it回答,所以D项排除。故C为正确答案。句意是:街上会有更少的汽车吗?是的,会的。

2.She had something to write down and ask him for

A.a paper

B.some papers

C. some pieces of papers

D. a piece of paper

【解析】D. paper作“纸”讲为不可数名词,作“卷”讲为可数名词;根据句意“她有一些东西要记下来,于是她向他要了一张纸”可知“她”要的是纸,所以既不能在paper 前面加a,也不能在末尾加-s。一张纸为a piece of paper,表示一些纸应该是some pieces of paper。Piece是可数名词,表示纸的数量时在piece后加-s。故A、B、C、三项是错误的。

3.There are few in the kitchen.Let’s go and buy some.

A.rice

B.fruit

C. meat

D. eggs

【解析】D. few修饰可数名词,应排除A、B、C,因为它们都是不可数名词,再根据下句的提示可知没有的是“鸡蛋”。句意是:厨房里没有多少鸡蛋了,让我们去买一些吧。

4. --- Would you like some ?

---Oh, yes. Just a little.

A. pears

B. oranges

C. tea

D. apple

【解析】C句意是:你想喝些茶吗?噢!是的,一点就可以了。由问句无法判断用那个选项,因为some即使可以修饰可数名词,又可以修饰不可数名词;但是从答语中Just a little.

可以确定修饰不可数名词。

5. --- I have money with me. Would you mind lenging me some?

--- Of course not.

A. a few

B. a little

C. few

D. little

【解析】D 这组词都有:“很少,有几个,有一点”之意但用法不同。few和a few作定语时,只修饰可数名词的复数形式;few含否定意义,相当于not many,其重点在“少”上。a few含有肯定意义,相当于some,其重点在“几个”上。Little和a little用做定语时,只修饰不可数名词。Little含否定意义,与not much同义,其重点在“少”上;a little 含肯定意义,其重点在“一点”上,强调少,但是有。本题中的money是不可数名词,再根据“你能借给我一些吗?”可知,应该是没有钱了。

Ⅵ中考真题解读(Analysis)

1.(2006年北京市中考题)I don’t know tomorrow.Can you tell me?

A. whew we started

B. whew did we start

C. whew we will start

D. whew will we start

【解析】C 本题考察宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序,排除B、D两选项,再由tomorrow 确定要用一般将来时。

2.(2006年河北省中考题)

---Would you like some drinks,boys?

---Yes,please.

A.some oranges

B. two boxrs of chocolates

C. some cakes

D.two bottles of orange

【解析】D 本题考查名词。drinks是“饮料”而不是“事物”的意思,故B和C排除;orange当“橘子”讲是可数名词,有复数形式;当“橘子汁”讲时是不可数名词,要和数量词放在一起用,故排除A选D。

3.(2005年新疆中考题)Last Sunday,my parents took me to the zoo.In the zoo we saw elephant. Elephant was from Africa.

A. a;The

B. the;An

C. an;The

D.the;A

【解析】C 本题考查冠词用法。泛指且第一次提到的事物一般用a或an修饰。复指或特指用定冠词the修饰。

答案: C

4.(2003年内蒙古市) The enginee will return from Macao_____a few days.

A. since

B. in

C. for

D. after

解析:since后加时间点;for加一段时间多用于完成时

“after + 一段时间”多用于一般过去式;“in + 一段时间”多用于一般将来。答案:B

Ⅶ快乐吧

A private conversation

Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. ‘I can't hear a word!’ I said angrily.

‘It's none of your business, ’ the young man said rudely. ‘This is a private conversation!’ Notes on the text 课文注释

1 go to the theatre,去看戏。

2 got angry,生气。

3 turn round,转身,也可用turn around。

4 pay attention,注意。

5 I could not bear it.我无法忍受。其中的it是指上文中的那对男女大声说话又不理会作

者的愤怒目光。

6 none of your business,不关你的事。

参考译文:

上星期我去看戏。我的座位很好,戏很有意思,但我却无法欣赏。一青年男子与一青年女子坐在我的身后,大声地说着话。我非常生气,因为我听不见演员在说什么。我回过头去怒视着那一男一女,他们却毫不理会。最后,我忍不住了,又一次回过头去,生气地说:“我一个字也听不见了!”

“不关你的事,”那男的毫不客气地说,“这是私人间的谈话!”

我的课外小收获:

Ⅷ教学反思:

外研版英语八年级上册Module-4单元知识点归纳总结(详细版)

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