句型转换-英语语法专项训练

句型转换

一、句型转换（本大题共40小题，共80.0分）

1.The sunshine is really beautiful．（改为感叹句）

______ the sunshine is!

【答案】How beautiful

【解析】答案：How beautiful．英语中的感叹句要由what和how来引导，其句型是：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他!What+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他!根据所给的单词，形容词是beautiful，主语是The sunshine，应用how来感叹，故填写：How beautiful．

阳光真的很美丽．

阳光多么美丽啊！

1、what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式：1．What+a（an）+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！或是：What+名词词组+主语+谓语！2．What+（形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！

2、How引导的感叹句．how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词．其结构是：How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！

2.Tom has been to the US before．（改为否定句）

Tom ______ to the US before．

【答案】hasn't been

【解析】答案：hasn't been．这里是现在完成时，在has后加上not构成否定句，故答案是hasn't been．

汤姆以前去过美国．

汤姆以前没有去过美国．

含有be动词，情态动词或者助动词have/has的句子转化成否定时在其后面加上not，一般实意动词的否定式，通常应根据不同时态和人称在实意动词之前加don't，doesn't，didn't 等．

3.Fiona didn't stay at home last Sunday．She went shopping，instead．（合并为一句）

Fiona went shopping last Sunday ______ staying at home．

【答案】instead of

【解析】答案：instead of．结合She went shopping，instead可知是表达Fiona周日没有待在家里而是去购物了，以及下文的staying at home用instead of代替…，而不是…，故答案是instead of．

Fiona周日没有待在家里，她去购物了．

Fiona周日没有待在家里而是去购物了

stead是个副词，是代替、顶替的意思．instead常用在句末，说明被代替的人或事物．另外，instead之后可带of，构成"instead of"短语，意思也是"代替，顶替"，但

instead of后面必须加上所被代替的人或事．

4.Sam visits his grandfather every week？（改为一般疑问句）

______ Sam ______ his grandfather every week？

【答案】Does；visit

【解析】答案：Does，visit．visit是实意动词，这里是一般现在时，主语Sam，故借助于助动词does构成一般疑问句，后加动词原形visit，故答案是Does，visit．

山姆每周都去看望爷爷．

山姆每周都去看望爷爷吗？

一、含有be动词（am/is/are/was/were）动词的一般疑问句，通常把be动词调到句首．

二、含有情态动词（can/may/must/could）的一般疑问句，把情态动词调到句首．

三、句子里没有be动词、助动词、情态动词等，就需要加助动词do，does，、did（过去式）来构成疑问句，加上这些助动词后，句子中谓语动词必须用原形．

其句型为：Do/Does/did+主语+动词原形+其它？

5.Emma helped the old lady with her housework once a week last year．（对画线部分提

问）

______ did Emma help the old lady with her housework？

【答案】How often

【解析】答案：How often．划线部分表达的是频率，提问用疑问词how often多久一次，故答案是How often．

艾玛去年帮助这个老人一周做一次家务．

艾玛去年多久帮助这个老人做一次家务？

对划线部分提问要分析划线部分在句子中的成分，即可找出恰当的特殊疑问词．疑问词后一般疑问句语序．

6.不要忘了提醒我日期和地点（完成译句）

Don't ______ remind me of the date and place．

【答案】forget to

【解析】答案：forget to．表示忘了去做某事用forget to do sth，指这件事还没做，这里是否定祈使句，don't+动词原形，故答案是forget to

Don't forget to remind me of the date and place．

做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化

7.I don't like going on a picnic．Peter doesn't，either．（合并为一句）

______ Peter ______ I like going on a picnic．

【答案】Neither；nor

【解析】答案：Neither，nor．结合上文可知是两者都不喜欢，故用neither…nor…表示既不…也不…，故答案是Neither，nor．

我不喜欢去野餐，皮特也不喜欢．

皮特和我都不喜欢去野餐．

neither…nor谓语动词的单复数用就近原则

恶劣的天气和艰苦的条件都不能改变她在那里教书的想法．

Neither bad weather nor the poor condition could change her mind to teach here．

Jim和Tom都不打算开车去买菜．

Neither Jim nor Tom is going to buy vegetables by car．我父母和姐姐中午都不在家吃饭．Neither my parents nor my sister has dinner at home．

8.You can't play the guitar in the classroom．（改为祈使句）

____________the guitar in the classroom．

【答案】Don't；play

【解析】答案：Don't play．结合上文的含义是说不能弹吉他，故用否定祈使句don't+动词原形，故答案是Don't play．

你不能在教室弹吉他．

不要在教室弹吉他．

否定的祈使句（1）Don't+动词原形

Don't stand up．别站起来． Don't be careless．别粗心．

Don't let them play with fire．别让他们玩火．

（2）Let型的否定式有两种："Don't+let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分"和"Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其它成分"．

Don't let him go．/Let him not go．别让他走． Let them not play with fire．别让他们玩火．（3）no开头，用来表示禁止性的祈使句．

No smoking!禁止吸烟!No fishing!禁止钓鱼!

9.Mr Smith is a very kind man．（改为感叹句）

______ ______ kind man Mr Smith is!

【答案】What；a

【解析】答案：What a．英语中的感叹句要由what和how来引导，其句型是：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他!What+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他!根据所给的单词，形容词是kind，修饰中心词可数名词man，应用what来感叹，kind是以辅音音素[k]开头，故用a，故填写：What a．

斯密斯先生是一个友善的人．

斯密斯先生是一位多么友善的人啊！

本题考查的是学生们对于英语中what和how引导的感叹句句型的掌握，要求他们要牢记其句型：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他!!What+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他!

10.Does your PE teacher teach you Chinese kung fu？（改为被动语态）

______ you______ Chinese kung fu by your PE teacher？

【答案】Are；taught

【解析】考查被动语态．由Does第三人称单数．可知，一般现在时态的被动语态．结构是is/am/are+动词的过去分词．主语you．用are．teach的过去分词是taught教．

故答案是：Are；taught．

--你的体育老师教你功夫吗？

--你被你的体育老师教过功夫吗？

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，被动语态由"be动词+及物动词的过去分词"构成，be动词的单复数要与主语的单复数保持一致，还要注意时态及过去分词的变法．

11.Telling the truth is a very honest act．（改为感叹句）

____________ honest act telling the truth is！

【答案】What；an

【解析】考查感叹句．感叹句可以用what a/an+形容词+名词+主语+谓语．这里名词是act行为．主语telling the truth说实话．谓语is．用what．形容词honest，以元音音素/?/开头，用an修饰．

故答案是：What an．

--说实话是一种非常诚实的行为．

--说实话是多么诚实的行为啊！

叹句可以用how或what引导，两者有一定区别，要掌握该知识点，然后结合语境选择正确形式，完成试题．

12.She did chores with her parents．（改为一般句）

______ she ______ chores with her parents？

【答案】Did；do

【解析】答案：Did do分析原句是一个一般过去时的陈述句，意思是她和父母一起做家务了，变一般疑问句时将助动词did提前大写，后接动词原形，即do chores，故得出答案

她和父母一起做家务了．她和她父母一起做家务了吗？

解答此类试题时，务必充分理解上下文的语境和逻辑关系，根据要求准确作答．

13.Though the earthquake destroyed many houses，people didn't lose hope．（改为被动语

态）

Though many houses______by the earthquake，people didn't lose hope．

【答案】were destroyed

【解析】本题考查被动语态．题干是一般过去式，改为被动语态也应是一般过去时的被动语态．be+done构成被动语态，主语是many houses，be动词用were．故答案为：were destroyed．

句意：虽然地震毁了大量的房子，但是人们没有失去希望．

虽然大量的房子被地震毁了，但是人们没有失去希望．

本题考查一般过去时的被动语态，解答本题的关键是掌握其构成was/were+done．

14.Our school is beautiful．（改为感叹句）

______our school is!

【答案】How beautiful

【解析】本题考查感叹句．How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！根据our school is可知，是主语+谓语，所以应用how引导，how后面加形容词．故答案为：How beautiful．

句意：我们的学校是美丽的．

我们的学校好美丽啊！

本题考查how引导的感叹句，解答本题的关键是掌握how引导的感叹句的结构．

15.It is important for kids to imagine freely．（改为感叹句）

______ it is for kids to imagine freely！

【答案】How important

【解析】答案：How important．英语中的感叹句要由what和how来引导，其句型是：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他!What+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他!根据所给的单词，形容词是important，主语是it，应用how来感叹，故答案是How important．对于孩子来说自由想象是重要的．

孩子们自由想象是多么的重要啊．

本题考查的是学生们对于英语中what和how引导的感叹句句型的掌握，要求他们要牢记其句型：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他!!What+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他!

16.It rained heavily yesterday morning．（改为感叹句）

____________it rained yesterday morning!

【答案】How；heavily

【解析】答案：How heavily．

英语中的感叹句要有what和how来引导，其句型是：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他!以及What+a/an+名词+主语+谓语+其他!根据所给的单词heavily是副词，应用how 来感叹副词heavily，故填写：How heavily．

昨天早上雨下得很大．

昨天早上的雨下得多么大啊！

本题考查的是学生们对于英语中what和how引导的感叹句句型的掌握，要求他们要牢

记其句型：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他!What+a/an+名词+主语+谓语+其他！

17.He was listening to music at that lime yesterday．（改为否定句）

He ______ to music at that time yesterday．

【答案】wasn't listening

【解析】答案：wasn't listening．句中含有be动词was，故后面加上not构成否定，故答案是wasn't listening．

他昨天那个时候正在听音乐．

他昨天那个时候不是在听音乐．

含有be动词，情态动词或者助动词have/has的句子转化成否定时在其后面加上not，一般实意动词的否定式，通常应根据不同时态和人称在实意动词之前加don't，doesn't，didn't 等．

18.The waiter took away the plates after we finished eating．（改为被动语态）

The plates______away by the waiter after we finished eating．

【答案】were taken

【解析】答案：were taken．主语the plates是动词take的承受者，上文是一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词，主语the plates，故were，故答案是were taken

我们吃完之后服务生拿走了盘子．

被动语态（passive voice）是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系．英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态．主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者．被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态．汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等被动词来表示被动意义．被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成．被动语态的时态变化只改变be 的形式，过去分词部分不变．疑问式和否定式的变化也如此．

19.You'd better take a camera with you．（改为否定句）

You______ take a camera with you．

【答案】had better not

【解析】考查否定句．you'd better do sth你最好做某事．否定形式是you'd better not do sth 你最好不要做某事．you'd的完整形式是you had．

故答案是：had better not．

--你最好带个照相机．

--你最好不要带照相机．

考查否定句．通常是在be动词，情态动词后加not．一般现在时态，主语不是第三人称单数用don't，主语是第三人称单数用doesn't．一般过去时态用didn't．这里掌握固定搭配you'd better not do sth你最好不要做某事．

20.You should take a tent with you．（对画线部分提问）

______ you take with you ？

【答案】What should

【解析】考查划线部分提问．根据a tent一个帐篷，可知，对物提问用疑问词what什么，后跟一般疑问句，情态动词should提前．

故答案是：What should．

--你应该带个帐篷．

--你应该带什么？

对划线部分提问，要根据划线部分内容选择合适的疑问词，剩下的变为一般疑问句．注

意区分疑问词的用法．会正确运用一般疑问句用法．

21.Zhang Ming was six when he started to play table tennis．（对划线部分提问）

______was Zhang Ming when he started to play table tennis？

【答案】How old

【解析】答案：How old 根据：six （对划线部分提问），可知应该是：对年龄提问，在英语中，对年龄提问，应该用how old，几岁，多大年龄．故答案为：How old．

张明六岁时开始打乒乓球．张明几岁时开始打乒乓球？

主要考查特殊疑问句的疑问词组，做此类题目，一定注意答语的句意，根据答语推测所要问的内容，然后选出所需要的疑问词或疑问词组．本题主要考查how old，对年龄提问！

22.The little girl put her things on the floor．（改为一般疑问句）

______the little girl______her things on the floor？

【答案】Did；put

【解析】答案：Did，put 分析原句得知，是一个含有实义动词的一般过去时的陈述句，变一般疑问句时，需要助动词did来帮忙，将之提到句首大写，后接主语，再加谓语动词的原形，故得出答案．

小女孩把她的东西放在地板上．小女孩把她的东西放在地板上了吗？

一般疑问句是疑问句的一种．它是指用yes（是）或no（否）来回答的句子．其结构是：系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分

通常回答为：

肯定：Yes，+主语+提问的助动词．

否定：No，+主语+提问的助动词+not．

23.The nurse must take good care of all the kids．（改为被动语态）

All the kids__________________good care of______ the nurse．

【答案】must；be；taken；by

【解析】答案：must be taken by 分析原句是一个含有情态动词must的主动句，意思是护士必须照顾好所有的孩子，改为被动句时，即主语+情态动词+be+done，故用must be taken，后面的the nurse是动作的实施者，故用by，故答案是must be taken by

护士必须照顾好所有的孩子．所有的孩子都必须得到护士的照顾．

解答此类试题时，务必充分理解句子的含义和作答要求，同时考虑单词的适当形式，准确作答．

24.句型转换，每空一词．

They had an English party last Sunday．（改为否定句）

They ______ an English party last Sunday．

The reporter asked the girl，"Do you like your volunteer work on weekends？"（改为间接引语）

The reporter asked the girl ______ she ______ her volunteer work on weekends．

The girl with a flower in her hand is my sister．（改为含定语从句的复合句）

The girl ______ a flower in her hand is my sister．

Should I arrive on time or a little later if someone invites me to dinner？（改为同义句）

Am I ______ ______ arrive on time or a little later if someone invites me to dinner？

The students will learn the group dance on the school playground．（对画线部分提问）

______ ______ the students learn the group dance？

【答案】【小题1】didn't have

【小题2】if/whether

【小题3】liked

【小题4】who/that has/holds

【小题5】supposed

【解析】81．答案：didn't have．含有一般动词的过去式改为否定句，只需在动词前加didn't，后跟动词原形have，故本题空格处填didn't have．

82．答案if/whether；liked．一般疑问句作为宾语从句通常用if/whether来引导，主语为过去时，从句也应该用过去时，故本题空格处填if/whether；liked．

83．答案：who/that has/holds．

修饰名词为人的定语从句，关系词可以用who或that，在此句中做主语；从句中的谓语动词与先行词有关，时态不变用一般现在时，主语为三单，故本题使用拥有的单词has 或holds，故本题空格处填who/that has/holds．

84．答案：supposed to．在英文中表示理应做某事可用be supposed to代替原句中的should．故本题空格处填supposed to．

85：答案：Where will．对地点提问用疑问词where，后跟一般疑问句，助动词will直接提前，故本题空格处填Where will．

81．上周日他们举行了一场英语聚会．

上周日他们没有举行一场英语聚会．

82．记者问女孩："你喜欢你周末的志愿者工作吗？"

记者问女孩她是否喜欢她周末的志愿者工作．

83．那个手里有支花的女孩是我的姐姐．

84．如果有人请我去吃饭我应该准点到还是晚点到？

85．学生将在学校操场上学集体舞．

学生将在哪个学校学集体舞？

句型转换题是中考常见题型，它主要用来考查大家对句子结构的构成、变化的掌握及在行文中的运用等，类型繁多．变化过程中也要注意某些词语和人称的变化

25.Boblikes pandas because they are very cute．（就句子画线部分提问）

______ ______Bob like pandas？

【答案】Why does

【解析】答案：Why does．划线部分指的是原因，提问用疑问词why，后加一般疑问句语序，这里是一般现在时，主语三单，故借助于does、故答案是Why does．

鲍勃喜欢熊猫因为他们非常可爱．

鲍勃为什么喜欢熊猫？

对划线部分提问要分析划线部分在句子中的成分，即可找出恰当的特殊疑问词，特殊疑问词之后紧跟一般疑问句．

26.I spent thirty yuan on this ticket．（改为同义句）

I ______ thirty yuan ______ this ticket．

【答案】paid；for

【解析】答案：paid，for．原句中的spend+金钱+on sth表示花多钱买某物，可以用pay+金钱+for sth来互换，原句是一般过去时，pay的过去式是paid，故答案是paid，for．我花了三十元买了这张票．

spend，cost，take和pay的区别是历年中考试题的必考内容之一，虽然它们都可以表示"花费"，但用法却不尽相同．spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：（1）spend time/money on sth．在…上花费时间（金钱）．（2）spend time/money （in）doing sth．花费时间（金钱）做某事．cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示"值"，常见用法如下：（1）sth．costs （sb．）+金钱，某物花了（某人）多少钱．（2）（doing）sth．costs

（sb．）+时间，某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间．take后面常跟双宾语，It takes sb．+时间+to do sth．做某事花了某人多少时间．pay的基本用法是：（1）pay （sb．）money for sth．付钱（给某人）买…．（2）pay for sth．付…的钱．（3）pay for sb．替某人付钱

27.We can use the water we use for washing rice again to water flowers．（改为被动语态）

The water we use for washing rice can______ again to water flowers．

【答案】be used

【解析】答案：be used．主动语态是含有情态动词can，所以采用含有情态动词的被动语态结构：情态动词+be+动词的过去分词，use的过去分词是used，故答案是be used．我们能再次用我们洗米的水来浇花．

我们用来洗米的水能再次被用来浇花．

本题考查含有情态动词的被动语态，平时熟练掌握其结构即可作答．

28.I think that he is coming tomorrow．（改为否定句）

I______think that he______coming tomorrow．

【答案】don't；is

【解析】答案：don't，is．主句的谓语动词是think，并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来，故I think换成I don't think，后面不变，答案是don't，is．

我认为他明天会来

我认为他明天不会来．

本题考查的是宾语从句的否定句，注意否定转移的情况．

29.His parents didn't catch his words at once．（改为被动语态）

His words______ by his parents at once．

【答案】weren't caught

【解析】答案：weren't caught．原句didn't catch是一般过去时，一般过去时的被动语态的构成是was/were+动词过去分词，catch的过去式是caught，原句是否定式，故在

was/were后加上not，根据words为复数，故答案是weren't caught

他的父母没有立刻听到他的话．

他的话没有立刻被他父母听到．

本题考查一般过去时的被动语态，解答本题的关键是掌握其构成was/were+done．

30.They have already visited the Science Museum．（改为一般疑问句）

______they______ the Science Museum______？

【答案】Have；visited；yet

【解析】答案：Have…visited…yet．改一般疑问句：一提have；二改already改为yet；already用于肯定句，yet用于疑问句或否定句，故答案为：Have…visited…yet．

他们已经参观过科学博物馆．

他们参观过科学博物馆吗？

此题考查现在完成时的一般疑问句，提前have/has 注意already改为yet即可

31.It was very surprised that her brother found his wallet．（改为感叹句）

____________her brother found his wallet!

【答案】How；surprised

【解析】答案：How surprised．由句子判断需用how修饰副词surprised，根据所学感叹句结构：How+副词+主语+谓语+其他！，所以答案为：How surprised．

他的哥哥找到了钱包是很惊喜的．

他的哥哥找到了钱包是多么惊喜啊！

本题考查感叹句，做此类题的关键在于平时掌握感叹句结构．What （a/an）+形容词+名词+其他！How+形容词/副词+其他！

32.There are some flowers in the garden．（改为一般疑问句）

______ any flowers in the garden？

【答案】Are there

【解析】答案：Are there 含有be动词的句子改为一般疑问句时把be提前即可．故答案是Are there

--在花园里有一些花．

--花园里有一些花吗？

含有系动词、情态动词和助动词的陈述句改为一般疑问句一般是把他们提前即可．没有这些词语的需要找助动词来帮忙．如含有实义动词的一般过去时和一般现在时，就需要借助于助动词：do/does/did．

33.Lisa bought a souvenir in the Gift Shop yesterday．（改为否定句）

Lisa______a souvenir in the Gift Shop yesterday．

【答案】didn't buy

【解析】答案：didn't buy 根据题意要把原句改为否定句，原句为一般过去时，改为否定句时需要借助于助动词did的否定形式didn't后接bought的动词原形buy．故答案为：didn't buy．

丽萨昨天在礼品店买了一件纪念品．

作答时需要区分句子的时态，掌握动词的过去式和原形之间的变化．

34.Julie bought a tennis racket last Sunday．（改为一般疑问句）

______ Julie______ a tennis racket last Sunday？

【答案】Did；buy

【解析】答案：Did；buy根据给出的句子Julie bought a tennis racket last Sunday，它为一般过去时态，句中的bought为实意动词，把它变为一般疑问句需要用助动词did；后面的动词bought用原形buy；故填Did；buy．

朱莉上周日买了一副网球拍．

朱莉上周日买了一副网球拍吗？

熟练掌握一般过去时态的一般疑问句的正确表达，结合句意容易作答

35.Look!Some students are cleaning the classroom．（改为被动语态）

Look!The classroom______ cleaned by some students．

【答案】is being

【解析】Some students are cleaning the classroom．变成被动语态时，时态不变，主语变成宾语，宾语变成主语，即：The classroom is being cleaned by some students．所以这里填is being．

看，教室在被一些学生打扫．

此题考查被动语态，注意主宾关系及被动语态的时态，此题为现在进行时．

36.Professor Smith did a very interesting experiment in his lab yesterday．（改为一般疑问

句）

______ Professor Smith______ a very interesting experiment in his lab yesterday？【答案】Did；do

【解析】答案：Did；do 根据句子中"Preofessor Smith did…"中动词did和时间状语yesterday可知这是时态为一般过去时的句型．句子中did为实义动词do的过去式，改为一般疑问句应该以助动词did开头，谓语动词要用原形do，故填：Did；do．

史密斯教授昨天在他的实验室里做了一个很有趣的实验．

史密斯教授昨天在他的实验室里做了一个很有趣的实验吗？

改为一般疑问句，首先判断句子的时态，选择合适的助动词、be动词或者情态动词开头，并要注意谓语动词形式的变化的．

37.Jack's little sister likes to watch the program Where are we going，Dad？．（改为一般

疑问句）______ Jack's little sister______ to watch the program Where are we going，Dad？？

【答案】Does；like

【解析】根据语境判断句子的时态是一般现在时，主语是单数第三人称，助动词用does，主语后跟动词原形like．故答案选：Does；like．

翻译：杰克的小妹妹喜欢看《爸爸去哪儿》节目吗？

本题考查一般疑问句．根据所学可知，肯定句改一般疑问句的方法是：1、把be动词放在句首，剩下的照抄，（some 改成any，my改成your等）句号改成问号

2、把can，shall，will等放到句首，剩下的照抄，（some 改成any，my改成your等）句号改成问号．

3、上述都没有的，在句首请助动词Do/Does/Did帮忙，剩下的照抄，（some 改成any，my改成your等）句号改成问号．

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