C# 读取机器CPU信息,硬盘信息,网卡信息

Windows 管理规范 (WMI) 是可伸缩的系统管理结构，它采用一个统一的、基于标准的、可扩展的面向对象接口。WMI 为您提供与系统管理信息和基础 WMI API 交互的标准方法。WMI 主要由系统管理应用程序开发人员和管理员用来访问和操作系统管理信息。

WMI 可用于生成组织和管理系统信息的工具，使管理员或系统管理人员能够更密切地监视系统活动。例如，可以使用 WMI 开发一个应用程序，用于在 Web 服务器崩溃时呼叫管理员。

将 WMI 与 .NET 框架一起使用
WMI 提供了大量的规范以便为许多高端应用程序（例如，Microsoft Exchange、Microsoft SQL Server 和 Microsoft Internet 信息服务 (IIS)）实现几乎任何管理任务。管理员可以执行下列任务：

监视应用程序的运行状况。
检测瓶颈或故障。
管理和配置应用程序。
查询应用程序数据（使用对象关系的遍历和查询）。
执行无缝的本地或远程管理操作。
WMI 结构由以下三层组成：

客户端
使用 WMI 执行操作（例如，读取管理详细信息、配置系统和预订事件）的软件组件。

对象管理器
提供程序与客户端之间的中间装置，它提供一些关键服务，如标准事件发布和预订、事件筛选、查询引擎等。

提供程序
软件组件，它们捕获实时数据并将其返回到客户端应用程序，处理来自客户端的方法调用并将客户端链接到所管理的基础结构。

通过定义完善的架构向客户端和应用程序无缝地提供了数据和事件以及配置系统的能力。在 .NET 框架中，System.Management 命名空间提供了用于遍历 WMI 架构的公共类。

除了 .NET 框架，还需要在计算机上安装 WMI 才能使用该命名空间中的管理功能。如果使用的是 Windows Millennium Edition、Windows 2000 或 Windows XP，那么已经安装了 WMI。否则，将需要从 MSDN 下载 WMI。

用 System.Management 访问管理信息
System.Management 命名空间是 .NET 框架中的 WMI 命名空间。此命名空间包括下列支持 WMI 操作的第一级类对象：

ManagementObject 或 ManagementClass：分别为单个管理对象或类。
ManagementObjectSearcher：用于根据指定的查询或枚举检索 ManagementObject 或 ManagementClass 对象的集合。
ManagementEventWatcher：用于预订来自 WMI 的事件通知。
ManagementQuery：用作所有查询类的基础。
System.Management 类的使用编码范例对 .NET 框架环境很适合，并且 WMI 在任何适当的时候均使用标准基框架。例如，WMI 广泛利用 .NET 集合类并使用推荐的编码模式，如 .NET 异步操作的“委托”模式。因此，使用 .NET 框架的开发人员可以使用他们的当前技能访问有关计算机或应用程序的管理信息。

请参见
使用 WMI 管理应用程序 | 检索

管理对象的集合 | 查询管理信息 | 预订和使用管理事件 | 执行管理对象的方法 | 远程处理和连接选项 | 使用强类型对象



获取CPU序列号代码
string cpuInfo = "";//cpu序列号
ManagementClass cimobject = new ManagementClass("Win32_Processor");
ManagementObjectCollection moc = cimobject.GetInstances();
foreach(ManagementObject mo in moc)
{
cpuInfo = mo.Properties["ProcessorId"].Value.ToString();
Console.WriteLine(cpuInfo);
Console.ReadLine();
}

获取网卡硬件地址
using System.Management;
...
ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration");
ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach(ManagementObject mo in moc)
{
if((bool)mo["IPEnabled"] == true)
Console.WriteLine("MAC address\t{0}", mo["MacAddress"].ToString());
mo.Dispose();
}
}

获取硬盘ID
String HDid;
ManagementClass cimobject = new ManagementClass("Win32_DiskDrive");
ManagementObjectCollection moc = cimobject.GetInstances();
foreach(ManagementObject mo in moc)
{
HDid = (string)mo.Properties["Model"].Value;

MessageBox.Show(HDid );
}













硬盘序列号


硬盘序列号（Serial Number）不等于卷标号（Volume Name），后者虽然很容易得到，但是格式化分区后就会重写，不可靠。遗憾的是很多朋友往往分不清这一点。



要得到硬盘的物理序列号，可以通过WMI，也就是Win32_PhysicalMedia.SerialNumber。可惜的是Windows 98/ME的WMI并不支持这个类，访问时会出现异常。


受陆麟的例子的启发，我们还可以通过S.M.A.R.T.接口，直接从RING3调用API DeviceIoControl()来获取硬盘信息，而不需要写VXD或者DRIVER。这样这个问题就解决了，我对它进行了封装，大量使用了P/Invoke技术，一个完整的Library。支持Windows 98-2003。


使用上很简单：


HardDiskInfo hdd = AtapiDevice.GetHddInfo(0); // 第一个硬盘
Console.WriteLine("Module Number: {0}", hdd.ModuleNumber);
Console.WriteLine("Serial Number: {0}", hdd.SerialNumber);
Console.WriteLine("Firmware: {0}", hdd.Firmware);
Console.WriteLine("Capacity: {0} M", hdd.Capacity);


下面是全部代码：


using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;


namespace Sunmast.Hardware
{
[Serializable]
public struct HardDiskInfo
{
///

/// 型号
///

public string ModuleNumber;
///

/// 固件版本
///

public string Firmware;
///

/// 序列号
///

public string SerialNumber;
///

/// 容量，以M为单位
///

public uint Capacity;
}


#region Internal Structs


[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack=1)]
internal struct GetVersionOutParams
{
public byte bVersion;
public byte bRevision;
public byte bReserved;
public byte bIDEDeviceMap;
public uint fCapabilities;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray,

SizeConst=4)]
public uint[] dwReserved; // For future use.
}


[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack=1)]
internal struct IdeRegs
{
public byte bFeaturesReg;
public byte bSectorCountReg;
public byte bSectorNumberReg;
public byte bCylLowReg;
public byte bCylHighReg;
public byte bDriveHeadReg;
public byte bCommandReg;
public byte bReserved;
}


[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack=1)]
internal struct SendCmdInParams
{
public uint cBufferSize;
public IdeRegs irDriveRegs;
public byte bDriveNumber;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst=3)]
public byte[] bReserved;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst=4)]
public uint[] dwReserved;
public byte bBuffer;
}


[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack=1)]
internal struct DriverStatus
{
public byte bDriverError;
public byte bIDEStatus;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst=2)]
public byte[] bReserved;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst=2)]
public uint[] dwReserved;
}


[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack=1)]
internal struct SendCmdOutParams
{
public uint cBufferSize;
public DriverStatus DriverStatus;
public IdSector bBuffer;
}


[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack=1, Size=512)]
internal struct IdSector
{
public ushort wGenConfig;
public ushort wNumCyls;
public ushort wReserved;
public ushort wNumHeads;
public ushort wBytesPerTrack;
public ushort wBytesPerSector;
public ushort wSectorsPerTrack;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst=3)]
public ushort[] wVendorUnique;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst=20)]
public byte[] sSerialNumber;
public ushort wBufferType;
public ushort wBufferSize;
public ushort wECCSize;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst=8)]
public byte[] sFirmwareRev;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst=40)]
public byte[] sModelNumber;
public ushort wMoreVendorUnique;
public ushort wDoubleWordIO;
public ushort wCapabilities;
public ushort wReserved1;
public ushort wPIOTiming;
public ushort wDMATiming;
public ushort wBS;
public ushort wNumCurrentCyls;
public ushort wNumCurrentHeads;
public ushort wNumCurrentSectorsPerTrack;
public uint ulCurrentSectorCapacity;
public ushort wMultSectorStuff;
public uint ulTotalAddressableSectors;
public ushort wSingleWordDMA;
public ushort wMultiWordDMA;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst=128)]
public byte[] bReserved;
}


#endregion


///

/// ATAPI驱动器相关
///

public class AtapiDevice
{


#region DllImport


[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError=true)]
static extern int CloseHandle(IntPtr hObject);


[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError=true)]
static extern IntPtr CreateFile(
string lpFileName,
uint dwDesiredAccess,
uint dwShareMode,
IntPtr lpSecurityAttributes,
uint dwCreationDisposition,
uint dwFlagsAndAttributes,
IntPtr hTemplateFile);


[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
static extern int DeviceIoContro

l(
IntPtr hDevice,
uint dwIoControlCode,
IntPtr lpInBuffer,
uint nInBufferSize,
ref GetVersionOutParams lpOutBuffer,
uint nOutBufferSize,
ref uint lpBytesReturned,
[Out] IntPtr lpOverlapped);


[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
static extern int DeviceIoControl(
IntPtr hDevice,
uint dwIoControlCode,
ref SendCmdInParams lpInBuffer,
uint nInBufferSize,
ref SendCmdOutParams lpOutBuffer,
uint nOutBufferSize,
ref uint lpBytesReturned,
[Out] IntPtr lpOverlapped);


const uint DFP_GET_VERSION = 0x00074080;
const uint DFP_SEND_DRIVE_COMMAND = 0x0007c084;
const uint DFP_RECEIVE_DRIVE_DATA = 0x0007c088;


const uint GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000;
const uint GENERIC_WRITE = 0x40000000;
const uint FILE_SHARE_READ = 0x00000001;
const uint FILE_SHARE_WRITE = 0x00000002;
const uint CREATE_NEW = 1;
const uint OPEN_EXISTING = 3;


#endregion


#region GetHddInfo


///

/// 获得硬盘信息
///

/// 硬盘序号
/// 硬盘信息
///
/// 参考lu0的文章：https://www.sodocs.net/doc/e013168332.html,/App/2k1103.html
/// by sunmast for everyone
/// thanks lu0 for his great works
/// 在Windows 98/ME中，S.M.A.R.T并不缺省安装，请将SMARTVSD.VXD拷贝到%SYSTEM%\IOSUBSYS目录下。
/// 在Windows 2000/2003下，需要Administrators组的权限。
///
///
/// AtapiDevice.GetHddInfo()
///
public static HardDiskInfo GetHddInfo(byte driveIndex)
{
switch(Environment.OSVersion.Platform)
{
case PlatformID.Win32Windows:
return GetHddInfo9x(driveIndex);
case PlatformID.Win32NT:
return GetHddInfoNT(driveIndex);
case PlatformID.Win32S:
throw new NotSupportedException("Win32s is not supported.");
case PlatformID.WinCE:
throw new NotSupportedException("WinCE is not supported.");
default:
throw new NotSupportedException("Unknown Platform.");
}
}


#region GetHddInfo9x


private static HardDiskInfo GetHddInfo9x(byte driveIndex)
{
GetVersionOutParams vers = new GetVersionOutParams();
SendCmdInParams inParam = new SendCmdInParams();
SendCmdOutParams outParam = new SendCmdOutParams();
uint bytesReturned = 0;


IntPtr hDevice = CreateFile(
@"\\.\Smartvsd",
0,
0,
IntPtr.Zero,
CREATE_NEW,
0,
IntPtr.Zero);
if (hDevice == IntPtr.Zero)
{
throw new Exception("Open smartvsd.vxd failed.");
}
if (0 == DeviceIoControl(
hDevice,
DFP_GET_VERSION,
IntPtr.Zero,
0,
ref vers,
(uint)Marshal.SizeOf(vers),
ref bytesReturned,
IntPtr.Zero))
{
CloseHandle(hDevice);
throw new Exception("DeviceIoControl failed:DFP_GET_VERSION");
}
// If IDE identify command not supported, fails
if (0 == (vers.fCapabilities & 1))
{
CloseHandle(hDevice);
throw new Exception("Error: IDE identify command not supported.");
}
if (0 != (driveIndex & 1))
{
inParam.irDriveRegs.bDriveHeadReg = 0xb0;
}
else
{
inParam.irDriveRegs.bDriveHeadReg = 0xa0;
}
if (0 != (vers.fCapabilities & (16 >> driveIndex)))
{
// We don''t de

tect a ATAPI device.
CloseHandle(hDevice);
throw new Exception(string.Format("Drive {0} is a ATAPI device, we don''t detect it",driveIndex + 1));
}
else
{
inParam.irDriveRegs.bCommandReg = 0xec;
}
inParam.bDriveNumber = driveIndex;
inParam.irDriveRegs.bSectorCountReg = 1;
inParam.irDriveRegs.bSectorNumberReg = 1;
inParam.cBufferSize = 512;
if (0 == DeviceIoControl(
hDevice,
DFP_RECEIVE_DRIVE_DATA,
ref inParam,
(uint)Marshal.SizeOf(inParam),
ref outParam,
(uint)Marshal.SizeOf(outParam),
ref bytesReturned,
IntPtr.Zero))
{
CloseHandle(hDevice);
throw new Exception("DeviceIoControl failed: DFP_RECEIVE_DRIVE_DATA");
}
CloseHandle(hDevice);


return GetHardDiskInfo(outParam.bBuffer);
}


#endregion


#region GetHddInfoNT


private static HardDiskInfo GetHddInfoNT(byte driveIndex)
{
GetVersionOutParams vers = new GetVersionOutParams();
SendCmdInParams inParam = new SendCmdInParams();
SendCmdOutParams outParam = new SendCmdOutParams();
uint bytesReturned = 0;


// We start in NT/Win2000
IntPtr hDevice = CreateFile(
string.Format(@"\\.\PhysicalDrive{0}",driveIndex),
GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
IntPtr.Zero,
OPEN_EXISTING,
0,
IntPtr.Zero);
if (hDevice == IntPtr.Zero)
{
throw new Exception("CreateFile faild.");
}
if (0 == DeviceIoControl(
hDevice,
DFP_GET_VERSION,
IntPtr.Zero,
0,
ref vers,
(uint)Marshal.SizeOf(vers),
ref bytesReturned,
IntPtr.Zero))
{
CloseHandle(hDevice);
throw new Exception(string.Format("Drive {0} may not exists.",driveIndex + 1));
}
// If IDE identify command not supported, fails
if (0 == (vers.fCapabilities & 1))
{
CloseHandle(hDevice);
throw new Exception("Error: IDE identify command not supported.");
}
// Identify the IDE drives
if (0 != (driveIndex & 1))
{
inParam.irDriveRegs.bDriveHeadReg = 0xb0;
}
else
{
inParam.irDriveRegs.bDriveHeadReg=0xa0;
}
if (0 != (vers.fCapabilities & (16 >> driveIndex)))
{
// We don''t detect a ATAPI device.
CloseHandle(hDevice);
throw new Exception(string.Format("Drive {0} is a ATAPI device, we don''t detect it.",driveIndex + 1));
}
else
{
inParam.irDriveRegs.bCommandReg = 0xec;
}
inParam.bDriveNumber = driveIndex;
inParam.irDriveRegs.bSectorCountReg = 1;
inParam.irDriveRegs.bSectorNumberReg = 1;
inParam.cBufferSize = 512;


if (0 == DeviceIoControl(
hDevice,
DFP_RECEIVE_DRIVE_DATA,
ref inParam,
(uint)Marshal.SizeOf(inParam),
ref outParam,
(uint)Marshal.SizeOf(outParam),
ref bytesReturned,
IntPtr.Zero))
{
CloseHandle(hDevice);
throw new Exception("DeviceIoControl failed: DFP_RECEIVE_DRIVE_DATA");
}
CloseHandle(hDevice);


return GetHardDiskInfo(outParam.bBuffer);
}


#endregion


private static HardDiskInfo GetHardDiskInfo(IdSector phdinfo)
{
HardDiskInfo hddInfo = new HardDiskInfo();


ChangeByteOrder(phdinfo.sModelNumber);
hddInfo.ModuleNumber = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(phdinfo.sModelNumber).Trim();


ChangeByteOrder(phdinfo.sFirmwar

eRev);
hddInfo.Firmware = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(phdinfo.sFirmwareRev).Trim();


ChangeByteOrder(phdinfo.sSerialNumber);
hddInfo.SerialNumber = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(phdinfo.sSerialNumber).Trim();


hddInfo.Capacity = phdinfo.ulTotalAddressableSectors / 2 / 1024;


return hddInfo;
}


private static void ChangeByteOrder(byte[] charArray)
{
byte temp;
for(int i = 0; i < charArray.Length; i += 2)
{
temp = charArray[i];
charArray[i] = charArray[i+1];
charArray[i+1] = temp;
}
}


#endregion
}
}



注：
在Windows 98/ME中，S.M.A.R.T并不缺省安装，请将SMARTVSD.VXD拷贝到%SYSTEM%\IOSUBSYS目录下。
在Windows 2000/2003下，需要Administrators组的权限。
不要在装有SCSI硬盘的机器上尝试了，因为SCSI硬盘根本不存在序列号。








获取硬件信息

using System;
using System.Management;
namespace https://www.sodocs.net/doc/e013168332.html,m
{
///

/// Computer Information
///

public class Computer
{
public string CpuID;
public string MacAddress;
public string DiskID;
public string IpAddress;
public string LoginUserName;
public string ComputerName;
public string SystemType;
public string TotalPhysicalMemory; //单位：M
private static Computer _instance;
public static Computer Instance()
{
if (_instance == null)
_instance = new Computer();
return _instance;
}
protected Computer()
{
CpuID=GetCpuID();
MacAddress=GetMacAddress();
DiskID=GetDiskID();
IpAddress=GetIPAddress();
LoginUserName=GetUserName();
SystemType=GetSystemType();
TotalPhysicalMemory=GetTotalPhysicalMemory();
ComputerName=GetComputerName();
}
string GetCpuID()
{
try
{
//获取CPU序列号代码
string cpuInfo = "";//cpu序列号
ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_Processor");
ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach(ManagementObject mo in moc)
{
cpuInfo = mo.Properties["ProcessorId"].Value.ToString();
}
moc=null;
mc=null;
return cpuInfo;
}
catch
{
return "unknow";
}
finally
{
}

}
string GetMacAddress()
{
try
{
//获取网卡硬件地址
string mac="";
ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration");
ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach(ManagementObject mo in moc)
{
if((bool)mo["IPEnabled"] == true)
{
mac=mo["MacAddress"].ToString();
break;
}
}
moc=null;
mc=null;
return mac;
}
catch
{
return "unknow";
}
finally
{
}

}
string GetIPAddress()
{
try
{
//获取IP地址
string st="";
ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration");
ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach(ManagementObject mo in

moc)
{
if((bool)mo["IPEnabled"] == true)
{
//st=mo["IpAddress"].ToString();
System.Array ar;
ar=(System.Array)(mo.Properties["IpAddress"].Value);
st=ar.GetValue(0).ToString();
break;
}
}
moc=null;
mc=null;
return st;
}
catch
{
return "unknow";
}
finally
{
}

}

string GetDiskID()
{
try
{
//获取硬盘ID
String HDid="";
ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_DiskDrive");
ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach(ManagementObject mo in moc)
{
HDid = (string)mo.Properties["Model"].Value;
}
moc=null;
mc=null;
return HDid;
}
catch
{
return "unknow";
}
finally
{
}

}

///

/// 操作系统的登录用户名
///

///
string GetUserName()
{
try
{
string st="";
ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_ComputerSystem");
ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach(ManagementObject mo in moc)
{

st=mo["UserName"].ToString();

}
moc=null;
mc=null;
return st;
}
catch
{
return "unknow";
}
finally
{
}

}


///

/// PC类型
///

///
string GetSystemType()
{
try
{
string st="";
ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_ComputerSystem");
ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach(ManagementObject mo in moc)
{

st=mo["SystemType"].ToString();

}
moc=null;
mc=null;
return st;
}
catch
{
return "unknow";
}
finally
{
}

}

///

/// 物理内存
///

///
string GetTotalPhysicalMemory()
{
try
{

string st="";
ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_ComputerSystem");
ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach(ManagementObject mo in moc)
{

st=mo["TotalPhysicalMemory"].ToString();

}
moc=null;
mc=null;
return st;
}
catch
{
return "unknow";
}
finally
{
}
}
///

///
///

///
string GetComputerName()
{
try
{
return System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("ComputerName");
}
catch
{
return "unknow";
}
finally
{
}
}


}
}