考博英语模拟试题及答案解析

考博英语模拟试题

Part I Listening Comprehension(15 points) (略)

Part II Reading Comprehension (40 % )

Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each or them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:

Eight times within the past million years, something in the Earth's climatic equation has changed, allowing snow in the mountains and the northern latitudes to accumulate from one season to the next instead of melting away. Each time, the enormous ice sheets resulting from this continual buildup lasted tens of thousands of years until the end of each particular glacial cycle brought a warmer climate. Scientists speculated that these glacial cycles were ultimately driven by astronomical factor: slow, cyclic changes in the eccentricity of the Earth's orbit and in the tilt and orientation of its spin axis. But up until around 30 years ago, the lack of an independent record of ice-age timing made the hypothesis untreatable.

Then in the early 1950's Emirian produced the first complete record of the waxwings and awnings of first glaciations. It came from a seemingly odd place, the seafloor. Single-cell marine organisms called "foraminifera'' house themselves in shells made from calcium carbonate. When the foraminifera die, sink to the bottom, and become part of seafloor sediments, the carbonate of their shells preserves certain characteristics of the seawater they inhabited. In particular, the ratio of a heavy isotope of oxygen (oxygen- 18) to ordinary oxygen (oxygen - 16) in the carbonate preserves the ratio of the two oxygen’s in wate r molecules.

It is now understood that the ratio of oxygen isotopes reflects the proportion of the world's water locked up in glaciers and ice sheets. A kind of meteorological distillation accounts for the link. Water molecules containing the heavier isotope tend to condense and fall as precipitation slightly sooner than molecules containing the lighter isotope. Hence, as water vapor evaporated from warm oceans moves away from its source, its oxygen - 18 returns more quickly to the oceans than does its oxygen - 16. What falls as snow on distant ice sheets and mountain glaciers is relatively depleted of oxygen -18. As the oxygen -18 -poor ice builds up, the oceans become relatively enriched in the isotope. The larger the ice sheets grow, the higher the proportion of oxygen - 18 becomes in seawater -- and hence in the sediments

Analyzing cores drilled from seafloor sediments, Mililani found that the isotopic ratio rose and fell in rough accord with the Earth's astronomical cycles. Since that pioneering observation, oxygen isotope measurements have been made on hundreds of cores. The combined record enables scientists to show that the record contains the very periodicities as the orbital processes. Over the past 800, 000 years, the global ice volume peaked every 100,000 years, matching the period of the orbital eccentricity variation. In addition, "wrinkles" superposed on each cycle -- small decreases or surges in ice volume -- have come at intervals of roughly 23, 000 and 41,000 years, in keeping with the precession and tilt frequencies of the Earth's spin axis.

16. In opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by________

A. unfolding a phenomenon.

B. posing a contrast.

C. refuting a speculation.

D. testifying a hypothesis.

17. The expression "waxings and wanings" (Paragraph 2) most probably means ________

A. regularities and eccentricities.

B. vaporizations and sediments.

C. variants and constants.

D. maximizations an minimizations.

18. As pointed out in the text, the ratio of oxygen - 18 to oxygen - 16 in seafloor sediments and that of these isotopes locked in glaciers and ice-sheets are________

A. irrelevant.

B. correlated.

C. corresponding.

D. identical.

19. Single-cell marine organisms referred to as "foraminifera" as mentioned in the text might serve as_________

A. a proof against the existence of oxygen.

B. a testimony to sediment formation processes.

C. a valid record justifying glacial periodic cycles.

D. an indicator of the ratio of the t wo oxygen’s.

20. What can we safely infer from the text?

A. Many a phenomenon might be caused by astronomical factors.

B. Any hypothesis should be abandoned unless supported by solid records.

C. Glaciers are the records keeping Earth's astronomical cycles.

D. Oxygen isotopes are evenly distributed throughout the earth surface.

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

If you smoke and you still don't believe that there's a definite between smoking and bronchial troubles, heart disease and lung cancer, then you are certainly deceiving yourself. No one will accuse you of hypocrisy. Let us just say that you are suffering from a bad case of wishful thinking. This needn't make you too uncomfortable because you are in good company. Whenever the subject of smoking and health is raised, the governments of most countries hear no evil, see no evil and smell no evil. Admittedly, a few governments have taken timid measures. In Britain, for example, cigarette advertising has been banned on television. The conscience of the nation is appeased, while the population continues to puff its way to smoky, cancerous death.

You don't have to look very far to find out why the official reactions to medical findings have been so lukewarm. The answer is simply money. Tobacco is a wonderful commodity to tax. It's almost like a tax on our daily bread. In tax revenue alone, the government of Britain collects enough from smokers to pay for its entire educational facilities. So while the authorities point out ever so discreetly that smoking may, conceivably, be harmful, it doesn't do to shout too loudly about it.

This is surely the most short-sighted policy you could imagine. While money is eagerly collected in vast sums with one hand, it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other. Enormous amounts are spent on cancer research and on efforts to cure people suffering from the disease. Countless valuable lives are lost. In the long run, there is no doubt that everybody would be much better-off if smoking were banned altogether.

Of course, we are not ready for such drastic action. But if the governments of the world were honestly concerned about the welfare of their peoples, you'd think they'd conduct aggressive antismoking campaigns. Far from it! The tobacco industry is allowed to spend staggering sums on advertising. Its advertising is as insidious as it is dishonest. We are never shown pictures of real smokers coughing up their lungs early in the morning. That would never do. The advertisements always depict virile, clean-shaven young men. They suggest it is manly to smoke, even positively healthy! Smoking is associated with the great open-air life, with beautiful girls, true love and togetherness. What utter nonsense!

For a start, governments, could begin by banning all cigarette and tobacco advertising and should then conduct anti-smoking advertising campaigns of their own. Smoking should be banned in all public places like theatres, cinemas and restaurants. Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially of the dire consequences of taking up the habit. A horrific warning -- say, a picture of a death's head -- should be included in every packet of cigarettes that is sold. As individuals we are certainly weak, but if governments acted honestly and courageously, they could protect us from ourselves.

21. The best title of the text may be _______

A. give up the habit of smoking immediately.

B. word governments should conduct serious campaigns against smoking.

C. go on with anti-smoking lobby vigorously.

D. world governments should allocate more funds on cancer researches.

22. As pointed out in the text, governments are reluctant to exercise total ban on cigarette and tobacco advertising _____

A. in the interests of financial rewards.

B. for the sake of the public's welfare.

C. without regard to tax collections.

D. in anticipation of smokers lobbying.

23. The word "hypocrisy" ( Paragraph 2) denotes ______

A. dishonesty.

B. predicament.

C. indecision.

D. intimidation.

24. It can be concluded that anti-smoking campaigns should be conducted_______

A. insidiously and discreetly.

B. vividly and attractively.

C. aggressively and drastically.

D. disinterestedly and bravely.

25. The author is most critical of________

A. anti-smoking lobbyists.

B. tobacco advertisers.

C. world governments.

D. tax collectors.

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:

It is the staff of dreams and nightmares. Where Tony Blair's attempts to make Britain love the Euro have fallen on deaf ears, its incarnation as notes and coins will succeed. These will be used not just in the Euro area but in Britain. As the British become accustomed to the Euro as a cash currency, they will warm to it paving the way for a yes note in a referendum.

The idea of Euro creep appeals to both sides of the Euro argument. According to the pros, as Britons become familiar with the Euro, membership will start to look inevitable, so those in favor are bound to win. According to the antis, as Britons become familiar with the Euro, membership will start to look inevitable, so those opposed must mobilize for the fight.

Dream or nightmare, Euro creep envisages the single currency worming its way first into the British economy and then into the affections of voters. British tourists will come back from their European holidays laden with Euros, which they will spend not just at airports but in high street shops. So, too, will foreign visitors. As the Earn becomes a parallel currency, those who make up the current two-o-one majority will change their minds. From there, it will be a short step to decide to dispense with the pound.

Nell Kinnock, a European commissioner and former leader of the Labor Party, predicts that the Euro will soon become Britain's second currency. Hans Eichel, the German finance minister, also says that it will become a parallel currency in countries like Switzerland and Britain. Peter Hain, the European minister who is acting as a cheerleader for membership, says the Euro will become "a practical day-to-day reality and that will enable people to make a sensible decision

about it". As many as a third of Britain's biggest retailers, such as Marks and Spencer, have said they will take Euros in some of their shops. BP has also announced that it will accept Euros at some of its garages.

But there is less to this than meet the eye. British tourists can now withdraw money from cash point from European holiday destinations, so they are less likely than in the past to end up with excess foreign money. Even if they do, they generally get rid of it at the end of their holidays, says David South well, a spokesman for the British Retail Consortium (BRC).

26. According to the writer, once the British get used to the Euro,__

A. there will be no obstacle for it to be a currency in Britain.

B. it will take the place of pound in whatever aspects in Britain.

C. the British will accept it as a cash currency gradually.

D. it will become a symbol of reunification for European countries.

27. The writer seems_________

A. to be over-enthusiastic about the success of the Euro.

B. to launch a vigorous campaign against the Euro creep.

C. to hold a hostile attitude towards Euro expansions.

D. to take a matter-of-face attitude towards the issue.

28. The word "cheerleader" ( Paragraph 4) can best be replaced by ________

A. "voter".

B. "advocator".

C. "critic".

D. "prophet".

29. What does the writer intends to illustrate with Marks and Spencer.9

A. A kind of professional service.

B. Objections to the Euro creep.

C. A type of subjective brand loyalty.

D. Expansions of the Euro in Britain.

30. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?

A. The Prospect of the Euro in Britain.

B. A New Currency under Attack.

C. The Popularity of the Euro in Britain.

D. A Theme of Dreams and Nightmares. Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:

Whenever you see an old film, even one made as little as ten years ago, you cannot help being struck by the appearance of the women taking part. Their hairstyles and make-up look dated; their skirts look either too long or too short; their general appearance is, in fact, slightly ludicrous. The men taking part in the film, on the other hand, are clearly recognizable. There is nothing about their appearance to suggest that they belong to an entirely different age.

This illusion is created by changing fashions. Over the years, the great majority of men have successfully resisted all attempts to make them change their style of dress. The same cannot be said for women. Each year a few so-called top designers' in Paris or London lay down the law and women the whole world over msh to obey. The doctrines of the designers are unpredictable and dictatorial. This year, they decide in their arbitrary fashion, skirts will be short and waists will be high; zips are in and buttons are out,, Next year the law is reversed and far from taking exception, no one is even mildly surprised.

If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they shudder at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are annually blackmailed by the designers and the big stores, Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be discarded because of the dictates of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.

Changing fashions are nothing more than the deliberate creation of waste. Many women squander vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Woman who cannot afford to discard clothing in this way waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Hem lines are taken up or let down; waist-lines are taken in or let out; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on.

No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort providing they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shivering in a flimsy dress on a wintry day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in dainty shoes.

When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of fickleness and instability? Men are too sensible to let themselves be bullied by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide.

31. In the opening paragraph, the writer introduced his topic by________

A. introducing an illusion.

B. making a comparison.

C. depicting a vivid scene.

D. posing a sharp contrast.

32. In the eyes of the author, the dictates of fashion probably means a sort of design characterized by ________

A. obsolescence and sensibility.

B. uniqueness and stability.

C. creativity and hypocrisy.

D. inconstancy and irrationality.

33. The word "blackmailed" most probably means ________

A. "taken advantage of"

B. "given thought to".

C. "taken into account".

D. "born in mind".

34. The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the _______ of clothing.

A. suitability

B. comfort

C. appearance

D. fabric

35. It can be inferred from the passage that women should________

A. see through the very nature of fashion myths.

B. boycott the products of the fashion industry.

C. avoid following fashion doctrines too closely.

D. blame designers for their waste of money.

Part III Vocabulary (10 % )

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one that completes the sentence or is nearest in meaning with the underlined word. And then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

36. The recovery and ________ of the country' s economy has also been accompanied by increasing demands for high quality industrial sites in 'attractive locations.

A. renewal

B. revival

C. recession

D. relief

37. In fact tho purchasing power of a single person's pension in Hong Kong was only 70 per cent of the value of the ______ Singapore pension.

A. equivalent

B. similar

C. consistent

D. identical

38. It seems a reasonable rule of thumb that any genuine offer of help and support from people or organizations will be accompanied by a name and address, and a willingness to be ______ as to their motive in making contact.

A. seen through

B. checked out

C. touched on

D. accounted to

39. According to BBC boxing reporter Mike Costello ,just as there is worldwide _______ with boxing, so there is worldwide opposition.

A. passion

B. attraction

C. emotion

D. fascination

40. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their _______ aspects.

A. potential

B. social

C. essential

D. partial

41. ________ any advice which you can get from the interviewer and follow up suggestions for improving your presentation and qualifications.

A. Take the most of

B. Keep the most of

C. Have the most of

D. Make the most of

42. There is a loss of self-confidence, a sense of personal failure, great anger and a feeling of being utterly_______

A. let alone

B. let out

C. let down

D. let on

43. Japan remains tied to the Western camp partly because the relationship has become __ to her economy and politics over forty years' association.

A. integral

B. unilateral

C. rational

D. hierarchical

44. With most online recruitment services, jobseekers must choose their words 'carefully;________ the search engine will never make the correct match.

A. therefore

B. whereas

C. provided

D. otherwise

45. The child should always ______ the same basic procedure: seeing the whole word-heating and pronouncing-writing from memory.

A. go through

B. take over

C. respond to

D. carry off

46. That MGM Grand Youth Center is open to children 3 - 12 years old _______ what hotel they are staying in.

A. regardless in

B. regardless of

C. regardless on

D. regardless from

47. Ever since Geoffrey sent a sizeable cheque to a well-known charity he's been _______ with requests for money from all sides.

A. devastated

B. smashed

C. bombarded

D. cracked

48. Knowing that the cruel criminal has done a lot of unlawful things, feel sure that I have no _________ but to report him to the local police.

A. time

B. chance

C. authority

D. alternative

49. Behind his large smiles and large cigars, his eyes often seemed to regret.

A. teem with

B. brim with

C. come with

D. look with

50. They are always ready to heavy responsibilities.

A. take in

B. take on

C. put on

D. put in

51. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one the young one has a glorious future before him and the old one has a ________ future behind him.

A. splendid

B. conspicuous

C. uproarious

D. imminent

52. That tragedy distressed me so much that I used to keep indoors and go out only______

necessity.

A. within reach of

B. for fear of

C. by means of

D. in case of

53. A young man sees a sunset and unable to understand or express the emotion that it ______ in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond.

A. reflects

B. retains

C. rouses

D. radiates

54. _______ the heat to a simmer and continue to cook for another 8 - 10 minutes or until most of the water has evaporated.

A. Turn off

B. Turn over

C. Turn down

D. Turn up

55. Banks shall be unable to _______,or claim relief against the first 15% of any loan or bankrupted debt left with them.

A. write off

B. put aside

C. shrink from

D. come over

Part IV Cloze (10 % )

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Every second, 56 hectare of the world's rainforest is destroyed. That's one to two football fields.

This 57 rate of destruction has serious consequences 58 the environment. Scientists estimate, for example, that 137 59 of plant, insect or animal become 60 every day due to logging. In British Columbia, 61 , since 1990,thirteen rainforest valleys have been clear cut, 142 species of salmon have already become extinct, and the 62 of grizzly bears, wolves and many other creatures are threatened. Logging, 63 , provides jobs, profits, taxes for the government and cheap products of all kinds for consumers, so the government is 64 to restrict or control it. Much of Canada's forestry production 65 making pulp and paper. According to the Canadian Pulp and Paper Association, Canada 66 34% of the world's wood pulp and 49% of its newsprint paper. If these paper products could be produced in some other way, Canadian forests could be 67 . Recently, a possible 68 way of producing paper has been suggested by agriculturalists and environmentalists: a plant called hemp. Hemp has been cultivated by many cultures for thousands of years. It produces fore which can be 69 paper, fuel, oils, textiles, food, and rope. For many centuries, it was essential to the economies of many countries 70 it was used to make the ropes and cables used on sailing ships; colonial expansion and the establishment of a world-wide trading 71 would not have been possible 72 hemp. Nowadays, ships' cables are usually made from wire or synthetic fibres, but scientists are now suggesting that the cultivation of hemp should be 73 for the production of paper and pulp. According to its proponents, four-times as 74 paper can be produced from land using hemp rather than trees, and many environmentalists believe that the 75 scale cultivation of hemp could reduce the pressure on Canada's forests.

56. A. matching B. equivalent C. mounting D. reaching

57. A. great B. wonderful C. imaginary D. alarming

58. A. for B. on C. at D. to

59. A. types B. categories C. species D. classes

60. A. extinct B. distinct C. dead D. exhausted

61. A. when B. who C. where D. which

62. A. territory B. land C. habitat D. inhabitant

63. A. however B. furthermore C. otherwise D. instead

64. A. willing B. likely C. reluctant D. intended

65. A. goes up B. goes towards C. goes into D. goes at

66. A. supplies B. offers C. presents D. provides

67. A. maintained B. sustained C. preserved D. held

68. A. optional B. potential C. promising D. alternative

69. A. made into B. made for C. made up D. made of

70. A. since B. because C. as D. while

71. A. link B. exchange C. network D. site

72. A. except B. without C. with D. besides

73. A. resumed B. renewed C. refreshed D. revived

74. A. much B. many C. few D. more

75. A. great B. large C. immense D. massive

Part V Translation from English into Chinese

Directions:Translate the following passage into Chinese, and then write it on the ANSWER SHEET.

What, then, does Drucker suggest are the new knowledge-based industries on which economic growth will depend? He discusses three categories of such industries. The first of these is the information industry. This industry collects, stores, spreads, and applies knowledge. It depends on the computer. In the future, however, the computer itself will probably become less important than communicating and applying knowledge. Dmcker foresees a central computer that will make information available to everyone. Another source of new industries is the science of the oceans. New technologies may help to supply food and minerals from the seas. A third new source of economic growth is the materials industry. This industry provides the materials for making objects. One such industry that has already become economically important is the plastic industry. Dmcker explains that throughout history our traditional materials have been metals, glass, natural fibers, and paper. Today, with the help of modem science, industries can make many new materials to meet specific needs. Because they will be created to fit a certain product, they will be highly efficient. Consequently, he points out, industries that supply traditional materials such as steel or glass Will have trouble competing with those that produce these new materials.

Part VI Writing( 15 % )

Directions:

A. Study the following picture carefully and write an essay of about 200 words.

B. Your essay should meet the requirements below:

( 1 ) describe the picture and interpret its meaning.

(2) point out the problem and give your comments.

C. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)

参考答案与解析

16．A 题干问：“在文章开头作者通过什么方式引入话题?”正确选项为A“揭示一种自然现象”。此题定位于第1自然段，作者先给出一种自然现象的变化性，随后提出一种假设。而选项B“提出一种对比”，选项C“驳斥某种假设”和选项D“证明某个假说”这些都不是作者在第1自然段所使用的主要的逻辑引入方式。

17．D 题干问：“文中‘waxings and wanings’大概的意思是……”。其实这个表达和下文第4自然段的“rose and fell”以及“decreases or surges"都有一种呼应和照应关系，这是一种变大变小的关系，因此选项D“最大化和最小化”为正确选项。而选项A“规则和无规则性”，选项B“蒸发和沉淀”和选项C“变量和常量”都不是该表达在上下文中所具有的内涵和语篇含义。

18．B 题干问：“这篇文章指出，氧18和氧16在海底沉淀物中的比例和这两种同位素在冰山和冰层中的比例是……”。按照对2、3自然段的深入分析，发现这两种比例是相关的。海底的氧18比较多，而冰山的氧16比较多。因此选项B“相关的”为正确选项。而选项A“不相关的”，选项C “一致的”和选项D“相同的”都不是本题干所要求的内容。

19．C 题干问：“在文中提到被称为‘有孔虫’的单细胞海洋有机物的目的是……”。正确选项为C“为解释冰川的周期性提供有力的证据”。选项A“证明了氧16不存在”，选项B“证明海底沉淀物的形成过程”和选项D“显示了两种氧的同位素的比例”都不是文章举这个例子的主要目的。

20．A 题干问：“我们可以从文章得到的推论是……”。正确选项为A“许多现象也许都是由天文因素所造成的”。这是贯穿整篇文章的中心和要点。而选项B“任何假设除非有确凿的证据来支持，否则我们都应该抛弃”，选项C“冰川是地球天文周期的记录”和选项D“氧的同位素在地球表面是相当平均的”，其中有些信息是与原文的信息相反，有些信息不能从原文中得到推论。

所谓推理即从个别走到一般的现象，这篇文章除了地球的冰川年代以外，还可有许多现象可能是由天文因素所造成的。

21．B 题干问：“这篇文章的最佳标题为……”。本文的主旨是批评全世界的国家政府没有很严肃地进行反对抽烟的宣传活动和运动，因此选项B“全世界的国家政府应严肃地进行反对抽烟的运动”为正确选项。而选项A“马上放弃抽烟的习惯”，选项c“继续强有力地进行反对抽烟的游说”和选项D“全世界的国家政府应该拨更多的资金给癌症研究”都是一些其他角度的理解，不是文章的中心，因此都不能作为整篇文章的高级中心和主旨。

22．A 题干问：“如文章所指出，各国政府都不愿完全禁止烟草广告……”。正确选项为A“出于经济回报的考虑”，此题是对2、3、4段的归纳。而选项D“为公共福利着想”，选项C“不考虑税收”和选项D“为抽烟者的游说作好准备”都不符合原文的题意。

23．A 题干问：“这个词‘hypocrisy’的大概意思是……”。根据上下文，该诃与上文中的"deceiving”构成一种照应关系，正确选项为A“不诚恳”，而不诚实的不是抽烟者，而是政府本身。而选项B “困境”，选项C“犹豫不决”和选项D“威胁”都不是这个词上下文的含义。

24．D 题干问：“从文章可得出的推论是反对抽烟的运动应该以怎样的方式进行?”此题考察的是作者的观点，正确选项为D“相当诚恳地和积极地”，这在文中多次提及。而选项A“阴险地和谨慎地”，选项B“生动地和有吸引力地”和选项C“激进地以及极端地”都不是作者所提倡的，作者所提倡的要点为诚实这一点。

25．c 题干问：“作者最为批判的是……”。这篇文章作者批判了很多人，但最为批判的是世界各政府的这种很缓慢的或者不冷不热的暖昧态度，因此选项C“世界的各国政府”

考博英语(阅读理解)-试卷80.doc

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中央民族大学考博英语阅读真题及其解析When I decided to quit my full time employment it never occurred to me that I might become a part of a new international trend.A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although,in the manner of a disgraced government minister,I covered my exit by claiming“I wanted to spend more time with my family". Curiously,some two-and-a-half years and two novels later,my experiment in what the Americans term"downshifting"has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality.I have been transformed from a passionate advocate of the philosophy of“have it all",preached by Linda Kelsey for the past seven years in the pages of She magazine, into a woman who is happy to settle for a bit of everything. I have discovered,as perhaps Kelsey will after her Geng duo yuan xiao zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress,that abandoning the doctrine of "juggling your life",and making the alternative move into “downshifting”brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.Nothing could persuade me to return to the kind of life Kelsey used to advocate and I once enjoyed:12-hour working days,pressured deadlines,the fearful strain of office politics and the limitations of being a parent on“quality time”.

考博英语阅读100篇,含答案

考博英语阅读资料100篇 Unit One Passage 1 The physical distribution of products has two primary aspects: transportation and storage. Both aspects are highly developed and specialized phases of marketing. The costs of both trans-porting and storing are built into the prices of products. Transportation can be by truck, rail- way, ship, or barge. For some items, such as exotic plants and flowers, or when rapid delivery is essential, air freight may be used. Storage, or warehousing, is a necessary function because production and consumption of goods rarely match: items generally are not sold as quickly as they are made. Inventories build up, both in warehouses and at retail establishments, before the foods are sold. The transporta-tion function is involved in bringing goods to a warehouse and taking them from it to retail stores. Storage performs the service of stabilizing market price. If, for example, no agricultural product could be stored, all food would have to be put on the market immediately. This would, of course, create a glut and lower prices drastically. There would be an immediate benefit to consumers, but in the long run they would suffer. Farmers, because of low prices, would be forced off the land, and the amount of food produced would decrease. This, in turn, would raise consumer prices. Warehouses for storage are of several types. Private warehouses are owned by manufactur-ers. Public warehouses, in spite of their name, are privately owned facilities, but they are in-dependent of manufacturer ownership. General-merchandise warehouses store a great variety of products. Cold-storage warehouses store perishable goods, especially food products. Grain ele-vators are a kind of warehouse used to keep wheat and other grains from spoiling. A bonded warehouse is one that stores foods, frequently imported, on which taxes must be paid before they are sold. Cigarettes and alcoholic beverages are common examples. The distribution center is a more recently developed kind of warehouse. Many large com- panics have several manufacturing plants, sometimes located outside the country. Each plant does not make every company product but specializes in one or more of them. The distribution center allows a manufacturer to bring together all product lines in one place. Its purpose is to minimize storage and to ease the flow of goods from manufacturers to retailers rather than build up extensive inventories. It reduces costs by speeding up product turnover. V ery large corporations will have several distribution centers regionally or internationally based 1. The main subject of this passage is______. A) transportation and storage B) storage of products C) distribution center D) two main aspects of product distribution 2. Warehousing is important in that _ A) inventories build up before the goods are sold B) the prices will go down C) more goods are produced than can be consumed D) the food has to be put on the market immediately 3. How many types of warehouses for storage are discussed in the passage?