【英语】高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案

【英语】高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

Melinda Skaar wasn't expecting any phone calls. Skaar was working late in her office at the First Internet bank of California. By 10:45 that night she was almost ready to go home when the phone rang. Picking it up, she heard a guard shouting, "There is a fire! Get out of there." Skaar didn't panic. She figured that it was just a small fire. Her office building was huge. There were 62 floors and her desk was on the 37th floor. Skaar called out to office mate Stephen Oksas, who also stayed late to work. But when they got out to the hallway, they were met by a cloud of black smoke. Rushing back, Skaar shut the door and filled the space at the bottom of the door with her jacket to keep the smoke out.

Then they called 911. Before they could call their families, however, the line went dead. That meant that they were completely cut off from the outside world. All they could do was wait and hope someone would come to rescue them.

Minutes ticked by. Smoke began to float into the office. Soon it became hard for them to breathe. Looking around, Skaar noticed a small workroom. It seemed to have cleaner air. So they crowded there. That helped for a while, but in time even the workroom was filled with deadly smoke. Hopeless, they tried to break the windows, but the glass was not breakable. Everything they threw at it just bounced back. Defeated, they struggled back to the workroom. They felt weak and dizzy. Soon Skaar found Oksas had passed out.

As Skaar and Oksas lay near death, rescuers were rushing to find them. At last, at about 4 a.m., firefighters found them.

Skaar and Oksas knew they were lucky to be alive. Sunday is my birthday, Skaar told a reporter. She would be turning 29, but she knew she had already got the best present possible—the gift of life.

（1）What did Skaar and Oksas do when they were stopped by the fire?

A. they tried to run down the stairs.

B. they called their families.

C. they waited where they were.

D. they rushed back and shut the door.

（2）The following helped Skaar and Oksas survive the fire except .

A. calling 911 for help

B. shutting the door and keeping the smoke out with a jacket

C. breaking the windows to get some fresh air

D. crowding in a small workroom for clean air （3）What can we conclude from Skaar's action in the fire?

A. she was trained as a firefighter.

B. she was cleverer than Oksas.

C. she had had the experience of being caught in fire.

D. she remained calm in the face of danger.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了两个女孩由于大火被困在36层的大楼内，面

对危险她们临危不惧，终于安然脱险，幸免于难的故事。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“But when they got out to the hall way, they were met by a cloud of black smoke. Rushing back, Skaar shut the door and filled the space at the bottom of the door with her jacket to keep the smoke out.”可知他们走到走廊时想下楼时，一团黑烟迎面扑来。他们赶紧跑回去关上门，用她的夹克填满了门底部的空隙，把烟挡在外面。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Skaar shut the door and filled the space at the bottom of the door with her jacket to keep the smoke out.”；第二段中的“Then they called 911.”；以及第三段中的“Skaar noticed a small workroom. It seemed to have cleaner air. So they crowded there.”可知在火灾中Skaar and Oksas为了生存做的事，C项没有，故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Rushing back, Skaar shut the door and filled the space at the bottom of the door with her jacket to keep the smoke out. Then they called 911. Looking around, Skaar noticed a small workroom. It seemed to have cleaner air. So they crowded there.和they tried to break the windows,”这些Skaar的行为可知，面对火灾她保持镇静，从容面对。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Throughout history, artist, inventors, writers and scientists have solved problems in their dreams. Now, let's have a look together at some of them.

⒈Paul McCartney Found Yesterday in a dream

Paul McCartney is one of the most famous singers/songwriters of all time. According to the Guinness Book of Records, his Beatles song Yesterday(1965)has the most cover（翻唱）versions of any song ever written and, according to record label BMI，was performed over seven million times in the 20th century.

The tune for Yesterday came to Paul McCartney in a dream.

“I woke up with a lovely tune in my head. I thought, 'That's great, I wonder what that is?' There was an upright piano next to me, to the right of my bed by the window. I got out of bed, sat at the piano, found G, found F sharp minor---- and that leads you through then to B to E minor, and finally back to E. It all leads forward logically. I liked the melody a lot, but because I'd dreamed it, I couldn't believe I'd written it. I thought, 'No, I've never written anything like this before.' But I had the tune, which was the most magic thing! ”

⒉Mary Shelley's Frankentein Inspired by a Dream

In the summer of 1816, nineteen-year-old Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin and her lover, the poet Percy Shelley (whom she married later that year), visited the poet Lord Byron at his villa beside Lake Geneva in Switzerland. Stormy weather frequently forced them indoors, where they and Byron's other guests sometimes read from a volume of ghost stories. One evening, Byron challenged his guests to each write one themselves.

Mary's story, inspired by a dream, became Frankentein（科学怪人）.

“When I placed my head upon my pillow, I did not sleep, nor could I be said to think----My eyes shut ,I saw------with my acute mental vision----the pale student of unholy arts kneeling beside the thing he had put together. I saw the ugly figure of a man stretch out, and then, on the working of some powerful engine, show signs of life, and tremble with an uneasy motion, extremely frightful. The next morning I announced that I had thought of a story. I began that day with the words, 'It was on a dull night of November', making only a transcript(文字稿) of the cruel terror of my waking dream.”

（1）We can learn from the whole passage that_________.

A. Some great stories, poems and songs were created while their writers slept

B. Paul McCartney likes writing songs in dreams

C. Frankentein was written by Byron's guests

D. Byron was an ugly frightful Frankentein

（2）The underlined word“melody”has the similar meaning of _______.

A. dream

B. song

C. tune

D. instrument

（3）Which is the best title of the whole passage?

A. The Greatest writers

B. The most famous song and story

C. Great dreams that come true

D. How to dream

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，纵观历史，很多艺术家、发明家、作家和科学家都曾经在梦中解决问题。本文举例讲述了两个梦境成真的故事。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Throughout history, artist, inventors, writers and scientists have solved problems in their dreams. Now, let's have a look together at some of them.”可知，很多艺术家、发明家、作家和科学家都曾经在梦中解决问题。因此可知，一些伟大的故事，诗歌和歌曲是在作家睡觉的时候创作的。故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据⒈Paul McCartney Found Yesterday in a dream部分中的“I woke up with a lovely tune in my head.”可知，“我”醒来脑海中还有那可爱的旋律，结合下文的叙述，我身边正好有钢琴，我下了床，坐在钢琴边，谱出了曲子合乎逻辑，因此可知，此处表示我非常喜欢这个曲调。melody指的是曲调。故选C。

（3）考查主旨大意。根据开篇所说，结合下面的举例可推知，文章主要是在讲梦想照进现实，梦在现实中成真了。因此推断C项“好梦成真”为最佳标题。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Google's new camera, called Clips, is a smart device. It comes with a case that has a clip (夹子), but it's not designed to be worn on your clothing. Most interestingly, it uses artificial intelligence to take photography out of your hands and captures moments entirely on its own!

What sets this roughly 2-inch by 2-inch camera, with a three-hour battery life and Gorilla Glass

for toughness apart is that it is specially intended for candid moments, like when a child does something cute that may happen too quickly for you to pull out your smartphone.

The Clips device, it uses machine learning algorithms (计算程序) to help capture scenes. Those algorithms include face recognition. "Once it learns that there's a face you see frequently, it'll try to get nice photos of those faces," said Juston Payne, the device's product manager. And they also want it to recognize facial expressions, which involved "training it to know what happiness looks like". The Google team also trained it to recognize what not to shoot—like when a child's hand is over the lens, or if it is tossed in a dark purse.

The only way to see the images is by connecting the camera with your phone, as it has no screen for viewing or editing.

Concerned it could seem strange? Yes, Payne admitted, but he said they addressed that by making it obvious what it is. A green light on the front signals that it is on. Besides, unlike a camera meant to monitor your home, it is not connected to the Internet.

"This product is only possible because of the way that silicon(硅) has advanced," Payne said that now they could squeeze the technology down into a device this size. Going forward, we're likely to get more assistance from the artificial intelligence packed into our apps and gadgets.（1）What is the most outstanding feature of Clips?

A.It enables easy Internet access.

B.It is equipped with tough glass.

C.It can be worn on your clothing.

D.It allows of hands-free photography.

（2）What does the underlined word "candid" in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.Awkward.

B.Brief.

C.Touching.

D.Unforgettable.

（3）What makes Clips a reality according to Juston Payne?

A.The advance in technology.

B.The popularity of the Internet.

C.The screen for viewing and editing.

D.The rise of the smartphone industry.

（4）What does the text mainly talk about?

A.New gadgets in the age of apps.

B.Artificial intelligence in daily Life.

C.A new digital camera from Google.

D.An alternative way to photograph.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了谷歌公司推出了一款叫Clips的新相机，并对

照相机的各种功能和使用进行了介绍。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Most interestingly, it uses artificial intelligence to take photography out of your hands so it can capture moments on its own”可知，谷歌开发的这款相机使用人工智能来拍照，不需要你动手按键，它就可以帮助你记录美好的精彩瞬间。故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“like when a child does something cute tha t may happen too quickly for you to pull out your smartphone.”比如孩子做了一些可爱的事情，你可能来不及拿出智能手机。可知，画线句表示：这款相机能解决手机不能及时抓拍小孩子所做的短暂又可爱的事。candid moments意为“短暂”的时刻。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段“‘This product is only possible because of the way that silicon has advanced, ’ Pay ne said, noting that it was only in the past year or so that they could squeeze the technology down into a device this size. Going forward, we're likely to get more assistance from the artificial intelligence packed into our apps and gadgets”可知，这款相机依靠先进的科技和人工智能等使得它成为了可能，成为了可以帮助人们记录美好瞬间的工具。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Google's new camera, called Clips, is a small, smart device.”可知，本文主要讲述了谷歌开发的一款新的照相机，并对照相机的各种功能和使用进行了介绍。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

Imagine waking up one day and finding that your beautiful local beach is no more—gone, its fine white sand swept away by an abnormal storm. You go about your daily business for 12 long years and then suddenly the beach is back, all its glory restored by another storm. This is what happened on the island of Achill, off the coast of Ireland, where people are celebrating the return of the beautiful Ashleam Bay beach that was taken from them in 2005.

That in itself is unusual enough, but the story gets even better! You see, another beach in Achill did a disappearing act once, but took much longer to return. The beach at Doonagh, located only six miles away from Ashleam Bay, was restored earlier in 2016 after waves created by spring storms had swept away all the sand in 1984, leaving just rock pools behind.

There is local legend that stretches back hundreds of years that says this beach at Ashlcam Bay returns for a short every seven years then disappears again. But this time around it took a bit longer than that. It was last seen in 2005 and it stayed for a few months at that time before it was washed away again.

As you can imagine, everyone on the island of Achill is thrilled to have their sandy beach back, and even though no one knows how long it's going to be around for, they are making the most of the time they've got before it disappears again.

Some may be quick to believe climate changes cause the phenomenon, but that's not the

reason these two beaches in Achill keep disappearing, Dr Kevin Lynch, a geographer at NUT Galway, says that these occurrences are the result of hydrodynamics (流体力学) and sediment(沉积物) supply, rather than climate changes.

Regardless of what's causing them, disappearing and reappearing beaches are just part of what makes nature so fascinating.

（1）What is people's reaction to the return of the Ashleam Bay beach?

A. Full of fear.

B. Quite delighted.

C. Very disappointed.

D. Extremely con fused.（2）What can we learn about the beach at Doonagh?

A. It is not located in Ireland.

B. It disappeared 12 years ago.

C. It once disappeared for more than 30 years.

D. It is just made up of rocks and pools.

（3）According to the local legend, when should the Ashleam Bay beach have come back?

A. In 1982.

B. In 2012.

C. In 2016.

D. In 2018.

（4）What does Dr Kevin Lynch think of the phenomenon?

A. Some abnormal storms lead to ocean's enlargement,

B. It is hard to uncover the mystery of beach's disappearing.

C. Climate changes can result in beaches disappearing completely.

D. Hydrodynamics and sediment supply cause two beaches to disappear.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，爱尔兰西北部的一个海滩不易而飞，但过一段时间它又回来了。传言阿什拉姆湾的海滩每七年返回一次，然后又消失。有些人可能认为气候变化会导致这种现象，但地理学家凯文·林奇博士认为Achill这两个海滩不断消失的原因是流体力学和沉积物供应共同作用的结果。而不是气候变化的原因。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的” off the coast of Ireland, where people are celebrating the return of the beautiful Ashleam Bay beach that was taken from them in 2005.”及第四段中的“As you can imagine, everyone on the island of Achill is thrilled to have their sandy beach back,”。可知，人们对于海滩的回归是非常兴奋的。故选B。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The beach at Doonagh, located onl y six miles away from Ashleam Bay, was restored earlier in 2016 after waves created by spring storms had swept away all the sand in 1984, leaving just rock pools behind,”可知，Doonagh海滩于1984年被春天的风暴席卷了所有的沙子只留下岩石池，在2016年初恢复了。由此可推断出Doonagh在消失了32年后又恢复了。故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“the beautiful Ashleam Bay beach that was taken from them in 2005.”可知，Ashleam Bay是在2005年消失的。第三段中的“There is local legend that stretches back hundreds of years that says this beach at Ashlcam Bay returns for a short every seven years then disappe ars again.” 当地方传说。说阿什卡姆湾的海滩每七年恢复一次，然后又消失。也就是2005+7=2012年回归，故选B。

(4)考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Dr Kevin Lynch, a geographer at NUT Galway, says that

these occurrences are the result of hydrodynamics (流体力学) and sediment(沉积物) supply, rather than climate changes.”可知，这种现象是流体力学和沉积物供应共同作用的结果。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

One day a very skilled artist met a beautiful woman who immediately became the object of his affections. As he observed her and spoke with her, he admired her more and more. He showered her with kindness and words of praise until she consented to be his wife.

Not long after they were married, however, the beautiful woman found out that she was more the object of his artistic interest than of his affections. When he admired her classic beauty, it was as though he were standing in front of a work of art rather than in front of a human being to whom he had pledged his love and promised his life. And soon he expressed his great desire to put her rare beauty on canvas.

“Please sit for me in the workroom,” he pleaded, “and I will make your beauty permanent. The work will be my masterpiece!”

She was humble and patient as well as flattered by his words, so she said, “Yes, my love. I will be happy to sit for you.” So the beautiful, young wife of the artist sat meekly for hours in his studio, not complaining. Day after day she sat patiently, smiling as she posed, because she loved him and because she hoped that he would see her love in her smile and obedience. She sometimes wanted to call out to him, “Please love me and want me as a person rather than as an object!” But instead, she spoke nothing but words which pleased him.

At length, as the labor drew to close, the painter became wilder in his passion for his work. He only rarely turned his eyes from the canvas to look at his wife. As he stood there gazing at his beautiful work of art, he cried with a loud voice, “This is indeed life itself!” Then he turned to his beloved and saw that she was dead!

（1）In what way did the artist express his appreciation of his wife's rare beauty?

A. He put her classic beauty on canvas.

B. He promised to marry her.

C. He centered his deep affection on her.

D. He pledged his love and promised his life to her.（2）What can be inferred from the story?

A. The artist loved his work more than his wife.

B. The artist didn't really understand what is beauty.

C. The wife was fooled to sacrifice for his art creation.

D. The wife loved his painting more than herself.

（3）What did the artist mean by saying “This is indeed life itself!”？

A. He appreciated his life of painting.

B. He was grateful to his wife.

C. His work was more true to life than life itself.

D. His effort was really worth it.

（4）What would be the best title for this passage?

A. A Well-matched Couple

B. A Devoted Artist

C. A Rare Masterpiece

D. A Stupid Wife

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，有一位技艺超群的画家遇到一位美丽的女士，顿生爱意。他关怀备至，赞不绝口，终于使她答应嫁给他，婚后不久这位美女就发现，丈夫对她如此感兴趣却并非爱她，而是欣赏艺术。画家是一位充满激情、既狂热又郁郁寡欢的人。他完全沉浸在绘画中的时候便只看见想看见的东西。他没有发现，尽管她微笑着，她的身体却在衰弱下去，内心并不快活。终于这幅画完成时，他却发现妻子死了。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“And soon he expressed his great desire to put her rare beauty on canvas.”可知过不久他就强烈表示要把她旷古稀世的美画出来。他想把妻子的倩影画在画布上永远留在人间，故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“When he admired her classic beauty, it was as though he were standing in front of a work of art rather than in front of a human being to whom he had pledged his love and promised his life.”可知他称赞她身上的古典美，就好像是站在一件艺术品前欣赏，而不是把她当做活生生的人，当做他发誓要终生相爱的爱人。故选A。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“As he stood there gazing at his beautiful work of art, he cried with a loud voice, ‘This is indeed life itself!’”。他站在那儿凝视自己创作的艺术珍品，不仅高声喊道：“真的，生命就在这儿！可以推断出这位画家善于运用色彩，他画什么像什么，甚至超过原样，好像他能在画布上展示生命。故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据全文大意。得知本文讲述了一位技艺超群的画家完全沉浸在绘画中的时候只看见想看见的东西。他完全忽视妻子的感受和变化。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

Feelings often run high where insects are concerned, with many people even sick when seeing them, let alone touch or swallow them. And yet insects present a huge nutritional opportunity as an increasing global population seeks more sources of food and feed.

Insects have generally high levels of animal protein and key micronutrients with lower environmental footprints than traditional alternatives, and they can be raised on leftovers. But cultural, social and economic problems remain, reports an article published today in Nutrition Bulletin.

“Insects present a nutritional opportunity, but it is unclear how their nutritional quality is influenced by what they are fed,” says Darja Dobermann, a researcher at the Universit y of Nottingham. “In ideal conditions, insects have a smaller environmental impact than most traditional western forms of animal protein; less known is how to raise insect production while maintaining these environmental benefits.”

“Studies overall sho w that insects could make valuable economic and nutritional contributions to the food or fed systems, but there are no clear regulations in place to bring insects into such supply systems without them turning into a more expensive version of poultry（家禽）for food,” says Dobermann.

The article highlights how insects have been a source of food for hundreds of years in more than 100 countries with over 2,000 species that can be eaten; in central Africa, up to 50% of dietary protein has come from insects, with their market value higher than many alternative sources of animal protein.

Insects need to be large enough to make the effort of catching them worthwhile and easy to locate, preferably in predictably large quantities. They are consumed at various life stages, as raw, fried, boiled, roasted or ground food.

（1）Which of the following is the advantage of raising insects for food?

A. It will offer people work opportunities.

B. It is environmentally friendly.

C. It will replace traditional food.

D. It will result in less leftovers

（2）What can be inferred from Dobermann's words?

A. Raising insects for food has become popular.

B. Raising insects can't solve food problems.

C. More should be done to raise insects for food.

D. More money can be made by raising insects.

（3）What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 stand for?

A. Insects

B. Regulations

C. Feed systems

D. Supply systems

（4）Which is the possible title of this passage?

A. How to Raise Insects

B. Raising Insects for Money

C. Insects Seem No Longer Ugly

D. A New Source of Food

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的食物来源——昆虫提供了巨大的营养机会。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Insects have generally high levels of animal protein and key micronutrients with lower environmental footprints than traditional alternatives, and they can be raised on leftovers.”可知，饲养昆虫为食物是环保的。故选B。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Studies overall show that insects could make valuable economic and nutritional contributions to the food or fed systems, but there are no clear regulations in place to bring insects into such supply systems without them turning into a more expensive version of poultry（家禽）for food,” 研究表明，昆虫可以为食物或食物系统做出有价值的经济和营养贡献，但目前还没有明确的规定，可以将昆虫带入这样的供应系统，而不让它们变成更昂贵的家禽饲料。”可知，从Dobermann的话可推知应该做更多的工作来饲养昆虫。故选C。

(3)考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“Studies overall show that insect s could make valuable

economic and nutritional contributions to the food or fed systems, but there are no clear regulations in place to bring insects into such supply systems without them turning into a more expensive version of poultry（家禽）for food,” “研究表明，昆虫可以为食物或食物系统做出有价值的经济和营养贡献，但目前还没有明确的规定，可以将昆虫带入这样的供应系统，而不让它们变成更昂贵的家禽饲料。”由此推知，此处的them指的是insects，故选A。(4)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“And yet insects present a huge nutritional opportunity as an increasing global population seeks more sources of food and feed.”可知，本文讲述的是一种新的食物来源。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

Eighty-five-year old Chinese pharmacologist(药理学家) Tu Youyou became China's first winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine when it was announced that she was one of three scientists awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in developing effective drugs against parastic diseases.

Tu was honored for developing artemisin（青蒿素）,a drug for malaria that has saved millions of lives across the globe,especially in the developing world,the Nobel Assembly at karolinska Institue disclosed on its website on Monday.Tu,a Chinese trained pharmacologist and a researcher at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences in Beijing, went to Stockholm, Sweden in December to receive her award, according to Cao Hongxin, the science and technology department head of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

"She was calm and said she has received lots of congratulatory calls." Cao told China Daily on Monday after he telephoned Tu to congratulate her. "It's an overdue（迟来的）honor for Tu and the world's recognition of traditional Chinese medicine," he said.

"Tu's breakthrough in winning the Nobel Prize in a natural science is the pride of the whole nation and the whole Chinese scientific community," said Zhou Dejin, spokesman of the Chinese Academy of Science, China's national research body that consists of more than one hundred research insistutes, universities and research branches,

"The achievement of discovering artemisinin was made in the 1970s, but it only received international recognition in later years, which suggests that we might have more achievements that have reached the Nobel Prize level but have not been recognized." Zhou said.

（1）Why was Tu Youyou awarded the Nobel Prize?

A. She made a breakthrough in the Chinese scientific community

B. She came up with a revolutionary theory about medicine

C. She devoted her whole life to medicine research

D. She developed a very effective drug in the 1970s

（2）What do we know about Tu Youyou ?

A. She secretly accepted the Nobel Prize by herself

B. She's the second Chinese to win the 2015 Nobel Prize

C. She has an ordinary heart though winning the Nobel Prize

D. She won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with three scientists

（3）What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. China lacks talented scientists like Tu Youyou.

B. Tu's achievement was recognized by the world a long time ago.

C. Chinese scientists should work harder to win more Nobel Prizes.

D. More Chinese scientific achievements should be acknowledged.

（4）What type of writing does this passage belong to?

A. A scientific report

B. An official document

C. A news report

D. A medical record

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记，讲述了诺贝尔奖得主屠呦呦，她致力于中医药研究，开发出了很多有效的药物。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Tu was honored for developing artemisin（青蒿素）,a drug for malaria that has saved millions of lives across the globe, especially in the developing world”可知，屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖是因为她在20世纪70年代发明了一种非常有效的药物。故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"She was calm and said she has received lots of congratulatory calls."可知，尽管获得了诺贝尔奖，她还是有一颗普通的心。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"‘The achievement of discovering artemisinin was made in the 1970s,but it only received international recognition in later years ,which suggests that we might have more achievements that have reached the Nobel Prize level but have not been recognized.’ Zhou said.”可知，建议更多的中国科学成就应该得到承认。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文，根据第四段中的"Tu's breakthrough in winning the Nobel Prize in a natural science is the pride of the whole nation and the whole Chinese scientific community,"可知，这是一项医学纪录。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

Weighing too much can damage your health, and obesity is a growing problem for both kids and adults around the world. Sleep might be one answer to the problem. A new study has found that elementary school students who slept too little were more likely to gain pounds.

Past studies have shown a link between sleeping less and weighing more, but scientists have had a tough time determining "which came first, the chicken or the egg," says Julie C. Lumeng of

the university of Michigan in Ann Arbor. In other words, it hasn't been clear whether kids who weigh too much have trouble sleeping, or whether sleeping less leads to weight gain. Both scenarios (可能出现的情况) seemed equally possible.

To get a better idea of which causes which, Lumeng and her colleagues interviewed the parents of 785 third graders from around the United States. The parents answered questions about how well their kids slept that year. Three years later, the parents answered the same questions. By sixth grade, 18percent of kids involved in the study were obese.

The scientists found no relationship between weight and the students' race or gender. It also didn't matter how strict their parents were, or whether they were boys or girls. Obesity struck all of these groups equally. Instead, sleep seemed to be the key factor. Over the three years of study, the children averaged a healthy 9. 5 hours of sleep a night. Some kids, however, slept a lot more or less than others.

For the sixth graders, every hour of sleep above the 9. 5houraverage was linked to a 20 percent lower risk of being obese. Sleep appeared doubly important for the third graders. Every extra hour of sleep they got was linked to a 40 percent drop in obesity.

（1）What does the underlined sentence on paragraph 2 imply?

A. Scientists have found the exact causes of children's obesity.

B. There is always something difficult to understand through theory

C. The cause–effect relationship between weight and sleep isn't clear.

D. A person's weight has something to do with the amount of his sleep.

（2）What did the interview find out?

A. 9.5 hours of sleep a night is enough for children.

B. The more a child sleeps, the healthier he will be.

C. Sixth graders need much more sleep than third graders.

D. One's race or gender has nothing to do with his weight.

（3）How does the author develop the passage?

A. By listing figures

B. By comparing different opinions

C. By providing examples

D. By conducting a survey

（4）What is the suitable title for the passage?

A. The benefits of enough sleep for children

B. Sleeping less increases the risk of obesity

C. Which comes first, little sleep or obesity

D. How many hours of sleep do children need?【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究发现，睡眠过少的小学生更容易发胖。

（1）考查句义猜测。划线句表示的字面意思是“先有鸡还是先有蛋”，结合上下文的内容可知，文章引用这句话是为了表明“是睡眠少导致了肥胖还是肥胖导致了睡眠少”这个问题还没有定论。第二段中的“In other words, it hasn't been clear whether kids who weigh too much have trouble sleeping, or whether sleeping less leads to weight gain. Both scenarios (可能出现的

情况) seemed equally possible.”是解题的关键提示信息。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The scientists found no relationship between weight and the students' race or gender.”可知，面试的结果是一个人的种族或性别与他的体重没有任何关系。故选D。

（3）考查写作手法。本文介绍了一项研究，并列举了很多同该研究相关的数据。故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“A new study has found that elementary school students who slept too little were more likely to gain pounds.”可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，睡眠少会增加肥胖的概率。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测，写作手法和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

On average, Americans spend about 10 hours a day in front of a computer or other electronic devices and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors. That is a claim made by David Strayer, a professor of psychology at the University of Utah. In his 2017 TED Talk, Strayer explained that all this time spent with technology is making our brains tired.

Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at Facebook puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain, which, Strayer explains , is important for critical (有判断力的)thinking , problem-solving and decision-making.

So, it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in naure, Strayer claims, helps get a tired brain away from too much technology. More than 15,000 campers from around the world attended an international camping festival in September. That is when friends and family take time off and escape to nature for several days. They take walks, climb, explore, swim, sleep, eat and play. Camping may be just what a tired brain needs.

Take Carl for example .He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the work he must do. Kate Somers is another example who also lives in West Virginia. She says she enjoys camping with her husband and two children. She calls it a “regenerative” experience.

At the University of Utah, David Strayer has studied both short-term and long-term exposure to nature. He found that spending short amounts of time in nature without technology does calm the brain and helps it to remember better. However, he found, it is the long-term contact with nature that does the most good. He and his research team found that spending three days in nature without any technology is enough time for the brain to fully relax and reset itself.

（1）What is David Strayer's opinion?

A. Americans dislike outdoor activities.

B. Electronic equipment should be quitted.

C. New technologies are a double-edged sword.

D. Electronic equipment brings great convenience.

（2）Why does Strayer insist we go outdoors?

A. To try another lifestyle.

B. To refresh our brain.

C. To make better decisions.

D. To play with our family and friends.

（3）What does the underlined word “regenerative” mean?

A. Reborn

B. Memorable

C. Remarkable

D. Tiring

（4）Which is the proper title for the passage?

A. Electronic Equipment Harms the Brain.

B. Good Rest Develops Good Memory.

C. Tips on Using New Technologies.

D. Being in Nature Is Good for the Brain.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文属于科普文，主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息，因而鼓励人们多进行户外活动，让大脑休息。

（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at Facebook puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain可知，电子产品和网络信息给我们带了方便，也给我们大脑产生了巨大的压力，故可知，科技是一把双刃剑，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段So, it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in nature , Strayer claims , helps get a tired brain away from too much technology.可知，亲近大自然，可以让我们疲惫的大脑远离科技产品，让大脑获得休息，故选B。

（3）词义猜测题。根据前文Take Carl for example .He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the work he must do.可知，喜欢露营，呆在户外让他感到轻松，能够为必须做的工作做好准备，故可知这个过程是一个再生的过程，让大脑休息的过程，故选A。

（4）主旨大意题。本文主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息，因而鼓励人们多进行户外活动，让大脑休息，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

Whether you are a national or an international student, we welcome you to Middletown University. Our reputation is built on providing high-quality education in both academic and vocational (职业的) subjects. As well as priding ourselves on our traditional face-to-face learning, we have recently introduced a range of distance-learning courses.

What do they cost?

Costs for our coursers vary considerably. Click on each department's homepage for more information. Scholarships and bursaries an available for certain courses, particularly for those in the sciences and education.

SAMPLE COURSE OVERVIEW

BA in English Language and Literature

The main purpose of this course is to develop your ability to describe, analyze and manipulate features of the English language, and to see how these are expressed in literature. As well as taking core modules which cover these areas, students will be able to specialize in their fields of interest.

Duration: three-year course

Course: Choose 12 out of 20 modules.

Weekly timetable: eight hours of lectures/four hours of seminars

Assessment: essays, exams and an 8,000-word dissertation at the end of the third year

Requirements: academic experience and interest in the subject; good school-exam grades

Diploma in teaching

In the first term, you will learn about the theory of teaching and how to be an effective teacher. In the second term, you will also begin teaching in a school. The third term is completely practical. Duration: one-year course

Course: Choose six out of ten modules (three are compulsory).

Weekly timetable: six hours of lectures/ two hours of seminars/ six hours of classroom teaching Assessment: combination of essays and classroom observation

Requirement: first degree in specific subject area

（1）What is Middletown University famous for?

A. Academic and vocational education.

B. Traditional teaching methods.

C. Distance-learning courses.

D. Face-to-face communication.

（2）What do the two sample courses have in common?

A. They both last for three years.

B. They both require students to hand in essays.

C. They both offer total freedom to choose modules.

D. They both favor students with interest in the subject.

（3）What is the main purpose of the text?

A. To advertise certain online courses.

B. To stress the need for distance learning.

C. To introduce distance-learning techniques.

D. To suggest a way of pursuing further education.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，一所大学就该校最近开设的在线课程就行了简单的介绍，包括课程目的，时长，评价，要求等。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”Our reputation is built on providing high-quality education in both academic and vocational (职业的) subjects.“可知，这所大学因为在学术和职业课程上提供高质量的教学而获得名誉，即它以高质量的学术和职业教学而出名。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据BA in English Language and Literature部分中的”Assessment:

essays, exams and an 8,000-word dissertation at the end of the third year“和Diploma in teaching 部分中的”Assessment: combination of essays and classroom observation“可知这两门课程的共同点是都需要提交文章。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的”As well as priding ourselves on our traditional face-to-face learning, we have recently introduced a range of distance-learnin g courses.“我们在提供传功课程的同时也提供了大量的在线课程，以及下文所叙述的两种课程的课程内容，时长，评价和要求等，可推测本文的主要目的是为一些在线课程打广告。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

高考英语阅读理解训练50篇

阅读理解训练50篇（1） 1 Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger. For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hor- mones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etC．In general the person feels excited and ready to act. Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.” Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. 1．“Damaging emotion” means t hat _________. A．the emotion is harmless B．the emotion is harmful C．the feeling is very strong D．the feeling is hard 2．What statement is right? A．Were you angry, you would be cancered (得癌症). B．Once you are angry, you must be cancered. C．Angry as you are often, you can't be cancered, D．Anger may cause you a cancer. 3．Expressing anger violently _________ repressing it according to some scientists. A．is just the same as B．is more harmful than C．is no better than D．is much better than 4．According to the author, you'd better _________. A．never be angry B．cool it down before you express it C．laugh and laugh when you get angry D．admit you are wrong when you are angry 二

高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇(附答案)

高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇 (名师传授解题技巧+实战练习，值得下载) 一、阅读理解解题技巧 阅读理解题是考查学生对活的语言材料的理解能力，即通过阅读材料获得信息的能力。具体说来，阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是：（1）掌握所读材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节；（2）既理解具体事实，也理解抽象的概念；（3）既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等；（4）既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并能根据文章进行推理和判断；（5）既能根据材料所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。根据这几项能力测试的要求，试题中常采用如下几种题型：事实询问题、推理判断题、数据推算题、识图解意题和主旨大意题。根据这一测试要求和题型设计，答题时可以采取如下解题技巧和对策。 1．首先解题时要充满自信。由于平时有些同学对做阅读理解时存在一种畏惧心理，因此考试做题时心理就难免会产生紧张感，特别是阅读时再遇到几个生词就头脑发胀，从而使自己的思路更加模糊不清。其实这是完全没有必要的，因为阅读中遇到几个生词或几个难以理解的句子是常有的事，也是正常现象。因为按大纲要求，试卷中允许有不超过3%的生词，只要认真分析，仔细阅读，这些生词和句子很可能并不影响你的解题。所以答题之前首先要有必胜的信心。 2．扫读全文，理解全文主旨大意。拿到一篇文章，首先要快速扫读全文，虽为扫读，但不可漫不经心，阅读时也应聚精会神，力求可能多地获取材料信息，只是这次遇到生词和难句先不必去处理，不要因纠缠文中的个别生词和难句而影响了对全文的主旨大意的了解。

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