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die用法小结

die用法小结
die用法小结

die用法小结

die意为“死”,表示生命的结束,是不及物动词,不能用于被动语态;强调动作,是瞬间动词,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如:

His father died five years ago. 他父亲去世五年了。

Plants and people die without water. 没有水,植物就要枯死,人就要渴死。

die可以用于进行时态,表示“即将死去;奄奄一息”。例如:

He is dying. 他快要死了。

die 的形容词形式是dead,意为“死的”,可作表语或定语。作表语时,表示状态。例如:

His dog has been dead for two weeks. 他的狗已死了两周了。

The ground was covered with dead flowers. 地上覆盖着凋落的花。

die的名词形式是death,意为“死亡”。例如:

His mother's death was a great blow to him. 他母亲的去世对他是一个巨大的打击。

●常用短语

die from 意为“由于……而死”,但一般常用于由外伤、衰老引起的死亡。例如:

The old man died from a car accident last year. 这个老人去年死于一场车祸。

die of意思同die from,但它一般指由于疾病、情感等原因引起的死亡。例如:

His grandfather died of liver cancer in 1992. 他的祖父1992年死于肝癌。

die out 意为“(家族、物种等)灭绝;绝迹”。例如:

Dinosaurs died out 65 million years ago. 恐龙在六千五百万年前灭绝了。

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With的用法全解

With的用法全解 with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述,以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 一、 with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成,复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当,分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下: 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词; 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词; 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语; 4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式; 5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词。 下面分别举例: 1、 She came into the room,with her nose red because of cold.(with+名词+形容词,作伴随状语)

2、 With the meal over , we all went home.(with+名词+副词,作时间状语) 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。(with+名词+介词短语,作伴随状语。) The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house,with not a man ,woman or child to say he was kind to me.(with+名词+不定式,作伴随状语)He could not finish it without me to help him.(without+代词 +不定式,作条件状语) 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名词+现在分词,作伴随状语) Without anything left in the with结构是许多英 语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述,以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 二、with结构的用法 with是介词,其意义颇多,一时难掌握。为帮助大家理清头绪,以教材中的句子为例,进行分类,并配以简单的解释。在句子中with结构多数充当状语,表示行为方式,伴随情况、时间、原因或条件(详见上述例句)。 1.带着,牵着…… (表动作特征)。如: Run with the kite like this.

BUT用法

甘肃王曰福 but 一词既可作连词、介词、副词用,又有一些习惯搭配和固定用法,现对其用法作以下归纳。 一、用作连词 1. 用作等立连词,使其前后的词、短语、分句相互对照,作“但是,然而,可是”解。例如: She is young but very experienced. 她虽然年轻但经验丰富。 2. 用于表示歉意的话语之后,表示谢绝或不赞成。例如: I'm sorry, but I disagree with you. 对不起,我不同意你的意见。 3. 用于两个并列的分句之间,与前面的否定词形成对比,作“无……而不……”解。例如: It never rains but it pours. 不雨则已,一雨倾盆。 I never go past that house but I think of my miserable life in the old society. 我走过那所房子时,没有一次不想起我在旧社会所过的悲惨生活。 二、用作介词 1. 与 no , nobody , nothing , none , who 等词连用,作“除……之外”解,用来排除同类中的一分子,或从整体中除去一部分。例如: Nobody knew her but me. 除我以外,没有人认识她。 Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan. 这个计划只能带来灾难,别无益处。 2. but 前面有 do 的某种形式时, but 后面的动词不定式要省略 to ;其前没有 do 的某种形式时, but 后面的不定式要带 to 。例如: We had no choice but to wait. 除了等待,我们别无选择。 He did nothing all day long but watch TV. 一整天,他除了看电视,别无他事可做。

havehas的用法与练习题

have/has 专项训练 姓名________________ 分数________________ have/has 的用法 ①作“有”讲时,强调“所属关系”,表示“拥有”的意思。其主语常为人或物。如: My father has many new books .我爸爸有许多新书。 I have a new computer .我有一台新电脑。 ②“have +表示一日三餐的名词”,意为“用餐”。 如:have breakfast /lunch /supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭。 ③“have +表示食品、饮料等名词”,意为“吃;喝”。 如:have bread 吃面包 have eggs 吃鸡蛋 have tea 喝(一杯)茶。 ④“have +表示动作的名词”,没有固定的意思,常与表示动作的名词同义。 如: have a rest 休息一下 have a swim 游泳 have a drink (of ...)喝一点(……) have a look (at ...)(朝……)看一眼 ⑤“have +表示某种活动的名词”,意为“进行,举行”。如: 如: have a class (学生) 上课 have a birthday party 举行生日聚会 一.填写正确的形式。 1.I ____ (have) a cat. 2.He ____ (have) a dog. 3.She ____ (have) long hair. 4.We ____ (have) a big house. 5.They ____ (have) a happy family. 6.It ____ (have) a short tail. 7.You ____ (have) a good teacher. 8.Elva ____ (have) two big eyes. 9.Tom ____ (have) a red pen. 10.My mother ____ (have) a beautiful nose. 11.Cats ____ (have) four legs. 12.Dogs ____ (have) two ears. 13.My father ____ (have) a blue car. 14.Everybody ____ (have) two hands. 15.I ____ (have) a model plane. 16.Lily ____ (have) a doll. 17.Students ____ (have) many books. 18.Girls ____ (have) many skirts. 19.The baby ____ (have) no teeth. 20.They ____ (have) some fish. 二.Fill in the blank with “ have, has ” 1. I_________ a nice puppet. 2. He_________a good friend. 3. They__________ some masks. 4. We___________some flowers. 5. She___________ a duck. 6. My father____________ a new bike. 7. Her mother___________a vase. 8. Our teacher_________ an English book. 9. Our teachers___________a basketball. 10. Their parents___________some blankets 11. Nancy_________many skirts. 12. David__________some jackets. 13. My friends__________a football. 14. What do you__________? 15. What does Mike__________? 16. What do your friends___________? 17. What does Helen___________? 18. His brother________a basketball. 19. Her sister_________a nice doll. 20. Miss Li__________an English book. 三.下面我们做一些练习来巩固一下: ①根据汉语提示完成句子,使句意完整。 1. You ____ (有) two small eyes. 2. My sister ____ (有) three pens. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/f29744761.html,e here and ____ (吃) an apple. 4.Mummy,can I ____ (要) a new bag. ②下列句子均有一处错误,请圈出并改正。

with用法归纳

with用法归纳 (1)“用……”表示使用工具,手段等。例如: ①We can walk with our legs and feet. 我们用腿脚行走。 ②He writes with a pencil. 他用铅笔写。 (2)“和……在一起”,表示伴随。例如: ①Can you go to a movie with me? 你能和我一起去看电影'>电影吗? ②He often goes to the library with Jenny. 他常和詹妮一起去图书馆。 (3)“与……”。例如: I’d like to have a talk with you. 我很想和你说句话。 (4)“关于,对于”,表示一种关系或适应范围。例如: What’s wrong with your watch? 你的手表怎么了? (5)“带有,具有”。例如: ①He’s a tall kid with short hair. 他是个长着一头短发的高个子小孩。 ②They have no money with them. 他们没带钱。 (6)“在……方面”。例如: Kate helps me with my English. 凯特帮我学英语。 (7)“随着,与……同时”。例如: With these words, he left the room. 说完这些话,他离开了房间。 [解题过程] with结构也称为with复合结构。是由with+复合宾语组成。常在句中做状语,表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。其构成有下列几种情形: 1.with+名词(或代词)+现在分词 此时,现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。 例如:1)With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries. 由于物价上涨很快,我们买不起高档商品。(原因状语) 2)With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace. 在人群的欢呼声中,他们驱车来到皇宫。(伴随情况) 2.with+名词(或代词)+过去分词 此时,过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。

But用法和译法论文

But的用法和译法 but是一个使用效率较高的词。它能用作副词、代词、连词和介词;能和其它的词搭配在一起组成不同的短语和成语表达各种不同的意思。本文试对but的用法和译法作个初步的研究。 1.but作副词用时意思和only很相似,可译为“只是、只不过等”。如:this is but a joke.(这只不过是个玩笑。) he comes but seldom,(他很少来。) 2.but用作关系代词的情况,如:there is scarcely a rule but has exception.(没有那条规律没有例外。)当but用作关系代词时,常常用在有否定词(如句中scarcely)的主句的后面,表达一种否定之否定的肯定意味。but的这种用法是一种加强肯定语义的修辞手段。 在but引起的从句中,but作主语的情况较多。这种从句在结构上和“that(or who)not相似。因此上句亦可改成:there is scarcely a rule that has not exception.类例:there is no man but knows him.(没有那个不认识他。)who is there but errs ?(谁人无过?) 3.but用作并列连词时,表达的是一种意思的转折,即“但是”、“可是”、“然而”等意。它可连接两个并列的句子或并列的成份,如:this is a glorious but arduous task.(这是个光荣而又艰巨的任务。)值得注意的是but不能和though或although连在一起用。如不能说:although he is old,but he is healthy.这句应将although去掉才能用but,如保留although,but就不能用。

with用法小结

with用法小结 一、with表拥有某物 Mary married a man with a lot of money . 马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。 I often dream of a big house with a nice garden . 我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。 The old man lived with a little dog on the lonely island . 这个老人和一条小狗住在荒岛上。 二、with表用某种工具或手段 I cut the apple with a sharp knife . 我用一把锋利的刀削平果。 Tom drew the picture with a pencil . 汤母用铅笔画画。 三、with表人与人之间的协同关系 make friends with sb talk with sb quarrel with sb struggle with sb fight with sb play with sb work with sb cooperate with sb I have been friends with Tom for ten years since we worked with each other, and I have never quarreled with him . 自从我们一起工作以来,我和汤姆已经是十年的朋友了,我们从没有吵过架。 四、with 表原因或理由 John was in bed with high fever . 约翰因发烧卧床。 He jumped up with joy . 他因高兴跳起来。 Father is often excited with wine . 父亲常因白酒变的兴奋。 五、with 表“带来”,或“带有,具有”,在…身上,在…身边之意

But 用法小结

But 用法小结 but一词在英语教材中复现率极高,用法也颇为复杂,现总结如下: 一、conj. “但是”,“可是”,“而且” English may be hard,but it is the most important of all. 英语虽然很难,但却是最重要的。 注意:but 不能与although或though 连用,因为它们是连词,故不能同时出现在句子中,如: 虽然他是个孩子,但是却懂得很多。 Although he is only a child,but he knows a lot. (×) Although he is only a child,he knows a lot.(√) He is only a child,but he knows a lot.(√) 二、adv. (=only) “仅仅” “只是” I can’t tell you but one thing—my age. 我只有一件事不能告诉你,即我的年龄。 You have but choices—follow me or refuse me. 你只有两个选择,要么听我的,要么拒绝我。 三、prep.“除了”(多和不定代词连用) 1、接人称代词 They are all wrong but her/she.除了她以外,他们都错了。 * 用she时,but为连词。 2、接介词短语 You can put it anywhere but on the floor. 你就是不能把它放在地上。 You can find that kind of thing nowhere but in England. 这种东西只能在英国找到。 3、接形容词 Shelooks anything but well.(She looks ill.) 她看来是病了。 The park is all/anything but beautiful.这公园一点也不美。 4、接数词 I know them all but two. 他们当中我只有两个不认识的。 He lives in the next house but one.他住在隔壁的隔壁。 She lives in last house in the street but two.她住在这条街的倒数第三家。 * next but one/two 隔一/两个;第三/第四 Last but one/two 倒数第二/第三 5、接不定式 He wanted nothing but to stay here for another day.他只是想在这再呆一天。 I have no choice but to tell you the truth. 我只有告诉你实话。 There was nothing to do but (to) wait till help came. 只有等待救援了。 * 如果谓语动词为实意动词do的某种形式时,but 后的不定式要省略符号to. 如: I can do nothing but let him know. 我只能通知她。 They did nothing but complain. 他们只是抱怨。 6、接从句 Nothing would contend him but (that) I must come. 必须我来了他才能满意。

(完整版)have、has用法

一.Has/have简要说明 have的第三人称形式是has have:用于主语为I, you和所有人称复数 has:用于主语为第三人称单数[he, she,it, (Maria人名)] ※用have/has填空 1.She has along ruler and a short pencil. 2.I have two sisters and one brother. 3.This is mysister. She has big eyes. 4.We have threetoys cars and two toy buses. 5.Tom has a small nose and a wide mouth. 6.My Englishteacher has longhair. 7.Peter andMary have roundfaces. 8.I have an apple. My sister has anapple,too. 9.Lucy has short hair. 10.You have a long pencil. I have a short pencil. 二.巧思妙记 ◆动词have/has的用法: ?动词have表示“有”,肯定句中主语后;“三单”主语用has,其他人称用have;?一般疑问句容易变,does, do放句首;特殊疑问句怎么办,疑问词打前头; ?问句have用原形,这点一定要记清;否定句也不难,doesn’t, don’t 后添have. 肯定句I have… We/You/They have… He/She/It has… 否定句I do not hav e… I don’t have … We/You/They do not h ave… We/You/They don’t ha ve… He/She/It does not hav e… He/She/It doesn’t have… 一般疑问句及答语Do you hav e…? Yes, I do. No, I don’ t. Do you/they have…? Yes, we/they do. No, we/they don’t. Does he/she/it have…? Yes. he/she/it does. No. he/she/it doesn’t. (1)关于have 的否定句,一般疑问句及其回答 have的否定句在do后面加not。have的一般疑问句是在句首加上助动词”do” ,注意大小写的转换,其他的不变。(句中的“I”变为”you” ) 。 注意: “d o” 是助动词,无词义。“do” 是加上去的,不是原来句子里面的。

but 的用法

but 的用法 甘肃王曰福 but 一词既可作连词、介词、副词用,又有一些习惯搭配和固定用法,现对其用法作以下归纳。 一、用作连词 1. 用作等立连词,使其前后的词、短语、分句相互对照,作“但是,然而,可是”解。例如: She is young but very experienced. 她虽然年轻但经验丰富。 2. 用于表示歉意的话语之后,表示谢绝或不赞成。例如: I'm sorry, but I disagree with you. 对不起,我不同意你的意见。 3. 用于两个并列的分句之间,与前面的否定词形成对比,作“无……而不……”解。例如: It never rains but it pours. 不雨则已,一雨倾盆。 I never go past that house but I think of my miserable life in the old society. 我走过那所房子时,没有一次不想起我在旧社会所过的悲惨生活。 二、用作介词 1. 与 no , nobody , nothing , none , who 等词连用,作“除……之外”解,用来排除同类中的一分子,或从整体中除去一部分。例如: Nobody knew her but me. 除我以外,没有人认识她。 Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan. 这个计划只能带来灾难,别无益处。 2. but 前面有 do 的某种形式时, but 后面的动词不定式要省略 to ;其前没有 do 的某种形式时, but 后面的不定式要带 to 。例如: We had no choice but to wait. 除了等待,我们别无选择。 He did nothing all day long but watch TV.

have和has-用法

have与has都是“有”的意思,但二者用法是有区别的. 在陈述句中,当主语是单数第三人称(he、she、it)时,句子的谓语是“有”时,用has;当主语是其他人称(I、you、we、they)时,句子的谓语是“有”时,用have. 例句:I \ You have an apple . We\They have some apples . He\She has a pen . 但是,在疑问句中,当主语是就单数第三人称提问或否定句时用助动词does 和does not (doesn't),然后把has 变成have 如果不是第三人称,助动词就是do ,否定式do not (don't).特殊疑问句回答照样,该是has 还是has 该是have 还是have 但是当一般疑问句以do 或does开头的时候,只能回答do dont 或者does doesn't 例句: Do you have a book yes ,I do /No ,I don't What does a cat have the cat has a , He doesnt have any coffee. 就是第二种:have本身也可以作为助动词,(作为完成时里的助动词)本身无词义,和do 一样,has 就相当于does 在单三情况下用,主要用于构成各种时态、语态、语气以及否定和疑问结构.(那此时的have还是has就要看具体的人称而定)完成时态是have/had + done (过去分词的形式) I have finished my work,she has finished her work have you finished your work?has she finished her work?在一般疑问句里回答直接用have/has yes,i have/ No ,i haven't Yes,she has/ No,she hasn't(因为这里have/has是助动词) have 是动词原形i have,we have,you have,they have,to have...

with的用法

with[wIT] prep.1.与…(在)一起,带着:Come with me. 跟我一起来吧。/ I went on holiday with my friend. 我跟我朋友一起去度假。/ Do you want to walk home with me? 你愿意和我一道走回家吗 2.(表带有或拥有)有…的,持有,随身带着:I have no money with me. 我没有带钱。/ He is a man with a hot temper. 他是一个脾气暴躁的人。/ We bought a house with a garden. 我们买了一座带花园的房子。/ China is a very large country with a long history. 中国是一个具有历史悠久的大国。3.(表方式、手段或工具)以,用:He caught the ball with his left hand. 他用左手接球。/ She wrote the letter with a pencil. 她用铅笔写那封信。4.(表材料或内容)以,用:Fill the glass with wine. 把杯子装满酒。/ The road is paved with stones. 这条路用石头铺砌。5.(表状态)在…的情况下,…地:He can read French with ease. 他能轻易地读法文。/ I finished my homework though with difficulty. 虽然有困难,我还是做完了功课。6.(表让步)尽管,虽然:With all his money, he is unhappy. 尽管他有钱,他并不快乐。/ With all his efforts, he lost the match. 虽然尽了全力,他还是输了那场比赛。7.(表条件)若是,如果:With your permission, I’ll go. 如蒙你同意我就去。8.(表原因或理由)因为,由于:He is tired with work. 他工作做累了。/ At the news we all jumped with joy. 听到这消息我们都高兴得跳了起来。9.(表时间)当…的时候,在…之后:With that remark, he left. 他说了那话就离开了。/ With daylight I hurried there to see what had happened. 天一亮我就去那儿看发生了什么事。10. (表同时或随同)与…一起,随着:The girl seemed to be growing prettier with each day. 那女孩好像长得一天比一天漂亮。11.(表伴随或附带情况)同时:I slept with the window open. 我开着窗户睡觉。/ Don’t speak with your mouth full. 不要满嘴巴食物说话。12.赞成,同意:I am with you there. 在那点上我同你意见一致。13.由…照看,交…管理,把…放在某处:I left a message for you with your secretary. 我给你留了个信儿交给你的秘书了。/ The keys are with reception. 钥匙放在接待处。14 (表连同或包含)连用,包含:The meal with wine came to £8 each. 那顿饭连酒每人8英镑。/ With preparation and marking a teacher works 12 hours a day. 一位老师连备课带批改作业每天工作12小时。15. (表对象或关系)对,关于,就…而言,对…来说:He is pleased with his new house. 他对他的新房子很满意。/ The teacher was very angry with him. 老师对他很生气。/ It’s the same with us students. 我们学生也是这样。16.(表对立或敌对)跟,以…为对手:The dog was fighting with the cat. 狗在同猫打架。/ He’s always arguing with his brother. 他老是跟他弟弟争论。17.(在祈使句中与副词连用):Away with him! 带他走!/ Off with your clothes! 脱掉衣服!/ Down with your money! 交出钱来! 【用法】1.表示方式、手段或工具等时(=以,用),注意不要受汉语意思的影响而用错搭配,如“用英语”习惯上用in English,而不是with English。2.与某些抽象名词连用时,其作用相当于一个副词:with care=carefully 认真地/ with kindness=kindly 亲切地/ with joy=joyfully 高兴地/ with anger=angrily 生气地/ with sorrow=sorrowfully 悲伤地/ with ease=easily 容易地/ with delight=delightedly 高兴地/ with great fluency =very fluently 很流利地3.表示条件时,根据情况可与虚拟语气连用:With more money I would be able to buy it. 要是钱多一点,我就买得起了。/ With better equipment, we could have finished the job even sooner. 要是设备好些,我们完成这项工作还要快些。4.比较with 和as:两者均可表示“随着”,但前者是介词,后者是连词:He will improve as he grows older. 随着年龄的增长,他会进步的。/ People’s ideas change with the change of the times. 时代变了,人们的观念也会变化。5.介词with和to 均可表示“对”,但各自的搭配不同,注意不要受汉语意思的影响而用错,如在kind, polite, rude, good, married等形容词后通常不接介词with而接to。6.复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”是一个很有用的结构,它在句中主要用作状语,表示伴随、原因、时间、条件、方式等;其中的宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、介词短语等:I went out with the windows open. 我外出时没有关窗户。/ He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低着头站在老师面前。/ He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣躺在床上。/ He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl. 他去世时,女儿还是个小学生。/ The old man sat there with a basket beside her. 老人坐在那儿,身边放着一个篮子。/ He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。/ He sat there with his eyes closed. 他闭目坐在那儿。/ I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗这些衣服,我无法出去了。这类结构也常用于名词后作定语:The boy with nothing on is her son. 没穿衣服的这个男孩子是她儿子。 (摘自《英语常用词多用途词典》金盾出版社) - 1 -

but的用法

二、用作介词 1. 与no ,nobody ,nothing ,none ,who 等词连用,作“除……之外” Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan. 这个计划只能带来灾难,别无益处。 2. We had no choice but to wait. 除了等待,我们别无选择。 He did nothing all day long but watch TV。。 三、用作副词 1. 意思上相当于only ,后面跟名词或动词。 We can but try now. 我们现在只有尝试一遍。 2. but 出现在too …to …结构前面时,表肯定 I'm but too glad to go there with you. 我非常高兴和你一起去那里。 四、含but 的习惯用语 1. but for =without ,意为“要不是;如果没有”,意思上相当于一个虚拟条件句。 But for the rain (If it hadn't rained), we would have had a pleasant journey. 要不是天下雨,我们这次旅行就惬意了。 But for your help, we couldn't have carried out the plan. 如果没有你的帮助,我们不可能实现那个计划。 2. but that = except that ,意为“若非;要不是”,引导虚拟条件状语从句。 He would have helped me but that he was short of money at that time. 要不是他那时候没钱,他会帮助我的。 3. but then = on the other hand ,“不过;在另一方面”。 London is a noisy place, but then it's also a place where you get the best entertainment. 伦敦是个闹市,不过它也是能够给你最好娱乐的地方。 4. nothing but = only ,意为“只;不过是”。 We could see nothing but water. 我们只能看见水。 6) anything but 绝不,远非 He is anything but an honest man. 他绝不是个诚实的人. 5. not …but …意为“不是……而是……”,连接两个并列的名词、形容词、副词、短语或分句 My bag is not black but red. 我的书包不是黑色的而是红色的。。 6. no …but意为“没有……不……”;虽然,尽管。 No child but likes Old Li in our village. 没有孩子不喜欢我们村里的老李。 I can’t marry her, no bu t we love each other very much. 我不能娶她,尽管我们彼此非常相爱 8. not that …but that …意为“不是因为…而是因为

With复合结构的用法小结

With复合结构的用法小结 with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述,以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 一、with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成,复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二 部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当,分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下: 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词; 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词; 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语; 4. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式; 5. with或without-名词/代词+分词。 下面分别举例: 1、She came into the room,with her nose red because of cold.(with+名词+形容词,作伴随状语) 2、With the meal over ,we all went home.(with+名词+副词,作时间状语) 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。(with+名词+介词短语,作伴随状语。)The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house,with not a man ,woman or child to say he was kind to me.(with+名词+不定式,作伴随状语)He could not finish it without me to help him.(without+代词+不定式,作条件状语) 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名词+现在分词,作伴随状语)Without anything left in the cupboard,shewent out to get something to eat.(without+代词+过去分词,作为原因状语) 二、with结构的用法 在句子中with结构多数充当状语,表示行为方式,伴随情况、时间、原因或条件(详见上述例句)。 With结构在句中也可以作定语。例如: 1.I like eating the mooncakes with eggs. 2.From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water. 3.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house. 三、with结构的特点 1. with结构由介词with或without+复合结构构成。复合结构中第一部分与第二部分语法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系,而在逻辑上,却具有主谓关系,也就是说,可以用第一部分作主语,第二部分作谓语,构成一个句子。例如:With him taken care of,we felt quite relieved.(欣慰)→(He was taken good care of.)She fell asleep with the light burning. →(The light was burning.)With her hair gone,there could be no use for them. →(Her hair was gone.) 2. 在with结构中,第一部分为人称代词时,则该用宾格代词。例如:He could not finish it without me to help him. 四、几点说明: 1. with结构在句子中的位置:with 结构在句中作状语,表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在

have 的用法小结

专题之have 的用法小结 have作实意动词。一、 1.表示“有”的意思。 Look, I have wings, just like you. He had fair hair and blue eyes. 〔注1〕:其否定和疑问形式变化,在美国通常用助动词do。〔注2〕:在英国口语中常用have got代替have. 和一些其他名词连用,表示: (1)一种活动。 We have no classes on Sunday.(上课) they're going to have a volleyball match.(举行比赛) Are we going to have a meeting this week(开会) We are going to have a talk this afternoon.(听报告) (2)患病。 I have got a headache. 发生的情况。(3) I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.(跌跤) (4)生育。 The queen ant may have tens of thousands of babies in one summer. 3.和一与动词同形的名词连用,表示一个动作(have+a+由动词转化和名词)。

Are you going to have a swim. I have a long talk with the teacher. on sth.或have sth. on,表示“穿着”、“戴着”(=to be wearing)。 I noticed he had on bedroom slippers.(SBⅡL6) At the ball Motile had a diamond necklace on. 5.表示“吃”、“喝”。 I wanted to have a cup of tea and some eggs. Does she have lunch at home? 。”+宾语+宾语补足语“have组成复合结构即6. (1)不加to的动词不定式作宾语补足语(have sb. do sth.),表示让、叫某人做某事。 The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 〔注〕:否定结构表示“不能让…”或“从未有人…”. We won't have you blame it on others. She had never had anybody speak to her that way before. (2)现在分词作宾语补足语(have sb.(sth.)doing),表示让(使)某人做某事。 …the two men had their lights burning all night long…. (3)过去分词作宾语补足语(have sb. (sth.)done),表示: ①使(让,请)别人作某事,表示的动作是别人做的。 Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined up. …he should have new clothes made of this splendid cloth for

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