2011年6月英语四级(CET4)真题

2012年大学英语四级模拟试题及答案解析

一、选词填空题

It seems you always forget—your reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping...

Such absent-mindedness may be 1 to you; now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the2 sees.

The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 3 the user to "label" items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain4 by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a5 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in.

It could be used in 6 plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 7 device.

A spokesman for the project said: "A car mechanic for 8 could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 9 accident black spots or dangers on the road."

In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour,10 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.

[A] allow [B] instance [C] blank [D] industrial [E] frustrating [F] items [G] indicating [H] highlight [I] user [J] complicated [K] white [L] annoying [M] successful [N] articles [O] simple

【参考答案】：

EIAFCDJBHG

二、阅读理解

第2题：

You’re busy filling out the application form for a position you really need. Let’s assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isn’t it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at State University? More and more people are turning to utter deception like this to land their job or to move ahead in their careers, for personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well-known university.

Registrars at most well-known colleges say they deal with deceitful claims like these at the rate of about one per week. Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms, then. If it turns out that an applicant is lying, most colleges are reluctant to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy League school calls them "impostors(骗子)"; another refers to them as "special cases". One well-known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says that these claims are made by "no such people". To avoid outright(彻底的)lies, some job-seekers claim that they "attending" means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that "being associated with" a college means that the job-seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century—that’s when they began keeping records, anyhow. If you

don’t want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a phony diploma.

One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from "Smoot State University". The prices increase rapidly for a degree from the "University of Purdue". As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.

1. The main idea of this passage is that ________ .

[A] employers are checking more closely on applicants now

[B] lying about college degrees has become a widespread problem

[C] college degrees can now be purchased easily

[D] employers are no longer interested in college degrees

2. According to the passage, "special cases" refers to cases that ________.

[A] students attend a school only part-time

[B] students never attended a school they listed on their application

[C] students purchase false degrees from commercial firms

[D] students attended a famous school

3. We can infer from the passage that ________ .

[A] performance is a better judge of ability than a college degree

[B] experience is the best teacher

[C] past work histories influence personnel officers more than degrees do

[D] a degree from a famous school enables an applicant to gain advantage over others in job competition

4. This passage implies that ________ .

[A] buying a false degree is not moral

[B] personnel officers only consider applicants from famous schools

[C] most people lie on applications because they were dismissed from school

[D] society should be greatly responsible for lying on applications

5. The word "phony" (Line 13, Para. 2) means ________ .

[A] thorough [C] false

[B] ultimate [D] decisive

【参考解析】：

1. B 主旨题。文章第一段简要概述了求职人员在求职过程中对自己的学历弄虚作假这一社会现象，然后在第二、三段分别给出一些具体的例子进行说明，所以B正确。

2. B 推断题。由第二段中前半部分的If it turns out that an applicant is lying... school calls them "impostors"; another refers to them as "special cases" 可知，imposters和special cases指的都是编造虚假学历，所以B正确。

3. D 推断题。由文章第一段倒数第二句中的for personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools可知，名牌大学的毕业生在求职过程中比其他人有优势，所以D正确。

4. D 推断题。文章讲述的是在简历中对学历弄虚作假这一问题，同时也指出，问题出现的原因是大学都很看重学历，特别是名牌大学的文凭，由此可知，这是一种社会现象，全社会对此都负有责任，所以D正确。

5. C 语义题。该词所在句意为“如果你不想撒谎又不愿和盘托出，会有公司愿意卖给你

________交凭”，再结合下文提到的售卖假文凭的公司的情况可知，C(假的)正确。thorough 意为“彻底的”，ultimate意为“最终的”，decisive意为“决定性的”，均排除

第3题：

Material culture refers to what can be seen, held, felt, used—what a culture produces. Examining a culture’s tools and technology can tell us about the group’s histor y and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music culture. The most vivid body of material culture in it, of course, is musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments in the symphony orchestra.

Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain, and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on music and, when it becomes widespread, on the music culture as a whole.

One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media—radio, record player, tape recorder, television, and videocassette, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the "information revolution", a twentieth-century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution was in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music cultures all over the globe.

1. Research into the material culture of a nation is of great importance because ________ .

[A] it helps produce new cultural tools and technology

[B] it can reflect the development of the nation

[C] it helps understand the nation’s past and present

[D] it can demonstrate the nation’s civilization

2. It can be learned from this passage that ________ .

[A] the existence of the symphony was attributed to the spread of Near Eastern and Chinese music

[B] Near Eastern music had an influence on the development of the instruments in the symphony orchestra

[C] the development of the symphony shows the mutual influence of Eastern and Western music

[D] the musical instruments in the symphony orchestra were developed on the basis of Near Eastern music

3. According to the author, music notation is important because ________ .

[A] it has a great effect on the music culture as more and more people are able to read it

[B] it tends to standardize folk songs when it is used by folk musicians

[C] it is the printed version of standardized folk music

[D] it encourages people to popularize printed versions of songs

4 It can be concluded from the passage that the introduction of electronic media into the world of music ________ .

[A] has brought about an information revolution

[B] has speeded up the appearance of a new generation of computers

[C] has given rise to new forms of music culture

[D] has led to the transformation of traditional musical instruments

5. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?

[A] Musical instruments developed through the years will sooner or later be replaced by computers.

[B] Music cannot be passed on to future generations unless it is recorded.

[C] Folk songs cannot be spread far unless they are printed on music sheets.

[D] The development of music culture is highly dependent on its material aspect

【参考解析】：

1. C 细节题。文章第一段第二句指出，调查一种文化的工具和技术有助于了解该文化的历史和生活方式，所以C正确;其他三项均未提及，排除。

2. B 推断题。结合文章第一段最后一句可知，近东音乐影响了欧洲交响乐中大多数乐器的发展，所以B正确;A(交响乐的存在归因于近东和中国音乐的传播)，C(交响乐的发展表明了东西方音乐的相互影响)，D(交响乐中的乐器是在近东音乐的基础上发展而来的)，均排除。

3. A 推断题。由文章第二段最后一句可知，人们阅读音乐符号(识谱)的能力会对音乐产生深远影响，所以A正确;B(乐谱被民歌音乐家所使用时往往把民歌标准化)，C(乐谱是标准化的民间音乐的印刷版本)，D(乐谱鼓励人们去传播普及歌曲的印刷版本)均排除。

4. C 推断题。A(导致了信息革命)，B(加速了新一代计算机的出现)，C(即带来了新的音乐形式)，D(导致了传统乐器的改革)。由文章最后一段第一句可知，电子媒介进入音乐领域后影响音乐文化。只有C是对此句的进一步阐释，而A、B、D、分别提到了原句未出现的新的概念，故排除。

5. D 主旨题。通读全文可知，文章讨论了音乐文化发展和物质文化发展的关系，文章还指出，物质文化的发展在很大程度上决定了音乐文化的发展，所以D正确;A(乐器早晚会被电脑代替)，B(音乐只有被记录才能传承)，C(民歌只有印在活页乐谱上才能传播久远)均排除三、完型填空

第4题：

Today, most countries in the world have canals. Many countries have built canals near the coast, and parallel 1 the coast. Even in the twentieth century, goods can be moved more cheaply by boat than by any other 2 of transport. These3 make it possible for boats to travel 4 ports along the coast without being 5 to the dangers of the open. Some canals, such as the Suez and the Panama, save ships weeks of time by making their 6 a thousand miles shorter. Other canals permit boats to reach cities that are not 7 on the coast; still other canals 8lands where there is too much water, help to 9 fields where there is not enough water, and 10 water power for factories and mills. The size of a canal 11 on the kind of boats going through it. The canal must be wide enough to permit two of the largest boats using it to 12 each other easily. It must be deep enough to leave about two feet of water 13 the keel of the largest boat using the canal. When the planet Mars was first 14 through a telescope, people saw that the round disk of the planet was crises-crossed by a15 of strange blue-green lines. These were called "canals"16

they looked the same as canals on earth17 are viewed from an airplane. However, scientists are now18 that the Martian phenomena are really not canals. The photographs 19 from space-ships have helped us to 20 the truth about the Martian "canals".

1. [A] off [B] with [C] to [D] b

2. [A] way [B] means [C] method [D] approach

3. [A] waterways [B] waterfronts [C] channels [D] paths

4. [A] among [B] between [C] in [D] to

5. [A] revealed [B] exposed [C] opened [D] shown

6. [A] trip [B] journey [C] voyage [D] route

7. [A] lain [B] stationed [C] set [D] located 8 [A] escape [B] drain [C] dry [D] leak 9. [A] water [B] wet [C] soak [D] irrigate 10. [A] furnish [B] afford [C] offer [D] give

11. [A] focuses [B] bases [C] depends [D] takes 12. [A] cross [B] pass [C] move [D] advance13. [A] down [B] beneath [C] below [D] off 14. [A] studied [B] researched [C] surveyed [D] observed

15. [A] plenty [B] number [C] deal [D] supply16. [A] although [B] because [C] so [D] if 17. [A] that [B] where [C] when [D] as18. [A] exact [B] definite [C] certain [D] decisive 19. [A] held [B] taken [C] got [D] developed 20. [A] find [B] expose [C] uncover [D] discover 6. 四、阅读理解

第5题：

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.

For questions 1-7, mark

Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;

N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;

NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.

For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Holy Squid! Photos Offer First Glimpse of Live Deep-Sea Giant

Like something straight out of a Jules Verne novel, an enormous tentacle creature looms out of the inky blackness of the deep Pacific waters.

But this isn't science fiction. A set of extraordinary images captured by Japanese scientists mark the first-ever record of a live giant squid (Architeuthis) in the wild.

The animal—which measures roughly 25 feet (8 meters) long—was photographed 2,950 feet (900 meters) beneath the North Pacific Ocean. Japanese scientists attracted the squid toward cameras attached to a baited fishing line.

The scientists say they snapped more than 500 images of the massive cephalopod before it broke free after snagging itself on a hook. They also recovered one of the giant squid's two longest tentacles, which severed during its struggle.

The photo sequence, taken off Japan's Ogasawara Islands in September 2004, shows the squid homing in on the baited line and enveloping it in "a ball of tentacles."

Tsunemi Kubodera of the National Science Museum in Tokyo and Kyoichi Mori of the Ogasawara Whale Watching Association report their observations this week in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B.

"Architeuthis appears to be a much more active predator than previously suspected, using its elongated feeding tentacles to strike and tangle prey," the researchers write.

They add that the squid was found feeding at depths where no light penetrates even during

the day.

Giant Breakthrough

Despite people's fascination with this deep-sea behemoth, the giant squid's life and habits have remained largely a mystery. The little information known has been mostly based on dead and dying specimens that were caught by commercial fishing boats or washed ashore.

The mysterious creature has inspired countless sea monster tales and has been the subject of various scientific expeditions.

Since the mid 1990s there have been a number of research trips in search of giant squid. Cameras attached to deep-diving subs or sperm whales have been used to try to capture the elusive animals on film, but without success.

The Japanese researchers used sperm whales as guides to help them pinpoint likely giant squid haunts. Over the years whalers have reported finding a high number of large squid beaks in the mammals' stomachs, pegging sperm whales as primary predators of large squid.

The images are generating considerable excitement among squid experts.

"I think it's wonderful that we've finally got a picture of a living giant squid," said Richard Ellis, a research associate at the American Museum of Natural History in New York and author of The Search for the Giant Squid.

"I thought it would only be a matter of time before someone got images of Architeuthis," he added.

"After all, it's not an endangered species, not even all that rare, and it's one of the largest of all invertebrates. So the Japanese film finaly breaks through and renders the statement 'nobody has ever seen a living giant squid' inoperative."

Squid expert Martin Collins of the British Antarctic Survey based in Cambridge, England, says the new images are a "fantastic" achievement.

The marine biologist says he was skeptical that a dedicated giant squid hunt would succeed. He thought the first wild sighting would probably come by accident.

"Fair play to these guys who've made the effort, gone out there and looked in what they thought was a good area, and found it," he said.

Hunting for Clues

Collins is especially interested in clues the images might provide to the way giant squid swim and hunt in the deep ocean.

"Seeing the animals on film gives you a tremendous insight into how they live down there," he said. "It shows they are pretty active animals, and that answers a big question that's been out there for some time."

Collins says there were two competing schools of thought among giant squid experts.

"One was the idea that [giant squid] were fairly inactive and just drifted around, dangling their tentacles below them like fishing lures to catch what came by," he said.

"The other theory was that they were actually quite active. This new evidence supports this, suggesting they are active predators which can move reasonably quickly."

"The efforts the squid went to untangle itself [from the baited fishing line] also shows they are capable of quite strong and rapid movement," he added.

The study team reports that the severed tentacle repeatedly gripped the boat deck and crew after it was hauled aboard. The squid's tentacles are armed with suckers, each ringed with tiny teeth to help snare prey.

Measuring 18 feet (5.5 meters) long, analysis of the tentacle confirmed it came from a giant squid and allowed the researchers to estimate the total length of the animal.

But the researchers caution that their data assume the tentacle was severed at it base. If not, the squid may have been considerably larger. The longest giant squid on record measured 59 feet (18 meters), including its two elongated tentacles.

Shedding Light on Giant Squid

Giant squid, along with their close cousins colossal squid (Mesonychoteuthis), have the largest eyes of any animal.

"Giant squid do have particularly large eyes, which would suggest vision is important to them. Having a large eye isn't unusual in deep-sea animals-you see it quite often in fish."

The fact that the animal caught on film was swimming in total darkness suggests the species detects prey using alternative light sources. "The only light down there is likely to be light produced by other animals," said Collins of the British Antarctic Survey.

The Japanese team thinks that research techniques similar to their own could be used to bring about more close encounters with giant squid. Ellis of the American Museum of Natural History agrees.

"I'm sure we can learn a lot from an analysis of these images," he said. "And now that we have an idea of where to look for [the squid], we will undoubtedly get more pictures."

1. The passage talks mainly about the studying of a live giant squid by American scientists.

2. The giant squid was photographed 2,950 feet beneath the North Pacific Ocean.

3. The observations by Tsunemi Kubodera and Kyoichi Mori was reported in the journal Proceedings of Royal Society B.

4. The Japanese film is a breakthrough in the study of the giant squid's life and habits.

5. There are three competing schools of thought among giant squid experts.

6. The giant squid are capable of quite strong and rapid movement.

7. The longest giant squid on record measured 18 feet.

8. Giant squid, along with their close cousins colossal squid, have the largest ________________.

9. The giant squid swimming in total darkness detects prey using ________________.

10. The Japanese team thinks that research techniques similar to their own could be used to bring about more ________________.

五、翻译

第6题：

Living in the desert has many problems, ________________________(缺水并不是惟一的问题). 【参考答案】：

of which the lack of water is not the only one

第7题：

The production ________________________ (增加到每月500吨)by the end of this month.

【参考答案】：

will have risen / will rise to 500 tons per month

第8题：

Some children put much emphasis ________________________(有足够的钱以便到外面去痛快享受).【参考答案】：

on having enough money to enjoy themselves outside

第9题：

Please ________________________(不要忘记让你姐姐到超市买一些牛排).

【参考答案】：

don't forget to ask your elder sister to buy some steak in the supermarket

第10题：

The students now ________________________ (宁愿上网，也不愿意到图书馆去看书).

【参考答案】：

prefer net surfing to reading in the library

六、写作题

第11题：

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: WILL PHONES KILL LETTER WRITING? You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

1. 年轻人越来越趋向于打电话

2. 信件是否会被电话取缔

3. 我的观点

【参考答案】：

Will phones kill letter writing?

Today, with the quick pace of life, people, especially young people, usually do not have as much time to write letters as before. They communicate with each other through the electric line. They are becoming so dependent on telephones that some people say that one day phones will kill letter writing. But I don't think it is the case.

It is true that communicating by letters is not as convenient as by telephone. However, letter writing makes people think clearly. When a person writes, he must organize his thoughts and express his ideas and feelings more logically. In addition, letters give you a chance to read them again. Isn't it exciting to receive a letter from your parents or your friends? Isn't it pleasant to red the letter again and to feel again the excitement and the pleasantness?

So if you have time, write a letter right now, and you will certainly give your friends and your family a pleasant surprise.

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