2016届同位语从句及练习题(含答案)

同位语从句

一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如：

1. 我听到了我们队获胜的消息。

I heard the news _________ our team had won．

2. 我不知道你在这里。

I had no idea ___________ you were here．

二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。如：

我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。

3. I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message ____________ he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．

三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that, whether，连接副词how, when, where等。（注：if, which不能引导同位语从句。）如：

4. 我不知道他什么时候回来。

I have no idea __________ he will be back．

5. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。

He must answer the question ___________ he agrees to it or not.

四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如：

6. 几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。

Several years later，word came __________ Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them．

7. 他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。

The thought came to him __________ maybe the enemy had fled the city．

五、同位语从句与定语从句的区别。

1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。如：

The news that I have passed the exam is true．我通过了考试这一消息是真的。

（同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。）

The news that he told me just now is true．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。

（定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用，即“他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。）2、引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如：

The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.

计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。（that在从句中不充当任何成份。）

The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。

（that在从句中作gave的宾语。）

同位语从句练习题：

I. 填空题。（使用正确的引导词填写下面的空格）

1.The news ___________ they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.

2.The general gave the order __________ the soldiers should cross the river at once.

3.We'll discuss the problem ___________ the sports meeting will be held on time.

4.I have no impression __________ he went home, perhaps by bike.

5.The report __________ he was going to resign was false.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/f62155620.html,rmation has been put forward __________ more middle school graduates will be admitted into

universities.

7.She heard a terrible noise, _____________ brought her heart into her mouth.

8.I can't stand the terrible noise _____________ she is crying loudly.

9.He often asked me the question ____________ the work was worth doing.

10.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ___________ he would die of the disease.

11.The order ____________ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.

12.His suggestion _____________ the meeting be delayed was turned down.

II. 改错题。(每句都有一个错误)

1.The fact why she works hard is well known to us all. ________________

2.His suggestion which the meeting be delayed was turned down. ___________________

3.He must answer the question if he agrees to it or not. _________________

4. A warm thought suddenly came to me which I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for

my mother's birthday. ________________

5.I have no idea that size shoes she wears. ________________

6.The question that will take his place is still not clear. ________________

III. 翻译题。(中英互译)

1.The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich.

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. How did the cheats explain the fact that the Emperor didn't feel the new clothes in him?

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 4.我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 6. 我不知道他们什么时候来。

____________________________________________________________________________________

答案

语法讲解例题答案：1. that 2. that 3. that 4. when 5. whether 6. that 7. that

练习题：

填空题1.that 2.that 3.whether 4.how 5.that 6.that 7.which 8.that 9.whether 10.that 11.that 12. that

改错题 1.why→that 2.which→that 3. if→whether 4.which→that 5. that→what 6.that→when

翻译题：

1.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。

2.我许诺如果谁让我自由,我就让他非常富有。

3.皇帝觉得身上并没有穿上新衣，对这个问题骗子是怎样解释的?

4.The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor.

5.I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.

6.I have no idea when they will come .

高中同位语从句专项语法习题

高中同位语从句专项语法习题 1.The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all. A.that B.what C.why D.which 2.The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability. A.that B.what C.which D.why 3.The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. A.what B.that C.why D.when 4.His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down. A.which B.that C./ D.it 5.I have no idea ____ he will start. A.when B.that C.what D./ 6.I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow. A.if B.that C.whether D.which 7.The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him. A.when B.which C.what D.that 8.The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late. A.which B.whether C.that D.what 9.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease. A.that B.as C.of which D.which 10.He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing. A.whether B.where C.that D.when 1-5 AABBA 6-10 BDCAA

(完整版)同位语从句和定语从句练习

同位语从句讲解与练习 1定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句，用以解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句。 2.连接词：that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。引导同位语从句时一般都不省略。if一般不引导同位语从句that, whether不作成分，whether表示“是否” E.g. They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们很焦虑。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？ I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。 连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句，在句中作成分。 E.g. The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。 We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。 3.可跟同位语从句的名词或短语 不是所有的名词都可以跟同位语从句，常可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有： belief doubt explanation hope idea news opinion possibility statement thought wish truth fact question promise problem reply report suggestion advice fear warning understanding feeling rumor certainty probability on condition on the understanding with the exception in spite of the fact E.g. Daniel will be allowed to make a trip to China on condition that he gets an A in all his school subjects. 4同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1）that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别 句法功能上 that引导的同位语从句that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。 that引导的定语从句that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。 意义上 同位语从句是被修饰名词的内容。定语从句起限定作用，是定语。 如： The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that不可省) 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。 The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句，that在从句中作的宾语，可省)他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。 2）wh-类词引导的两种从句的区别 who, whom, whose, when, where, why 引导定语从句，它们分别指前面先行词所表示的人、物、时间、地点、原因，否则为同位语从句。在同位语从句中，wh-类词表示疑问。

完整word版,同位语从句讲解及练习

同位语从句 ◆◆◆辨认同位语从句 在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。一个名词（或其它形式）对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。 1. 名词作同位语 Mr. Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。 2. 短语作同位语 I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.我，作为家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。 3. 直接引语作同位语 But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多利早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？” 4. 句子作同位语 The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。 ◆◆◆同位语从句用法 一、同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。 I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 ①可以跟同位语从句的抽象名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。（承诺信息主意是事实；疑问想法与问题；希望消息建议是潜力。） I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 ②在某些名词表“建议，命令，要求等”(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气（即should+动词原形；should可省） There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。 ③同位语从句前名词的数：同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪儿听说我不能来？ 二、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that，whether,连接代词what，who。连接副词how, when, where等。（注：if, which 不能引导同位语从句。） 1. 连词that引导同位语从句（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略） The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语） 【注意】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。 He grabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。 2. 连词whether引导同位语从句（注：if不能引导同位语从句）

同位语从句专项讲解及练习含答案

同位语从句。 一. 同位语从句定义。 在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词/先行词后面，用以说明该名词/先行词表示的具体内容。 二. 同位语从句的名词/先行词。 1．可以跟同位语从句的名词/先行词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等（一般的“抽象”名词都可用）。 例：I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 2. 在某些名词（如demand,wish,suggestion,resolution等）后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气 例：There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。 3．有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词/先行词后面，而被别的词隔开。 The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city． 他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。 三. 同位语从句的引导词。 1.连词that引导，引导同位语从句的that不能省略，which不能引导同位语从句。 例：The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong. 你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。 2. 连词whether引导，if不能引导同位语从句。 例：The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor. 我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。 3.其它引导词引导，连接代词what,who,whom,whose，引导同位语从句。 1).I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。 2).The question who will take his place is still not clear. 问题谁来接替他的位置还不是很明朗。 4. 连接副词when,where,how,why 引导。 例：We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 四. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别。 1. 意义的不同。 同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号；而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来： We are glad at the news that he will come. 听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。（news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句） We are glad at the news that he told us. 听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。（that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句） 2.引导词的不同。 what,how,whatever 等可引导同位语从句，但不引导定语从句。Which可引导定语从句但不引导同位语从句。3. 引导词的功能上的不同 that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例that he told us中的that就充当told的宾语。 4. 被修饰词语的区别。

定语从句与同位语从句(全)

教案7.21 定语从句详细讲解 一、定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。关系词通常有下列三个作用： A.引导定语从句； B.代替先行词； C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.

同位语从句重难点解析及习题教学文案

同位语从句 一、同位语从句概述 同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容的从句，常见的可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有：belief,chance,doubt,hope,idea,news,opinion,thought,promise等。引导同位语从句的词有连词that,whether和副词how,when,where等。 二、同位语从句点拨 （1）同位语从句是意义完整的陈述句时，用连词that引导。注：that在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，通常不省略。如：I got the news that he would come to see me the next week. （2）同位语从句是疑问句时，应根据语境选用who,when ,where,how,whether(不能用if)等词来引导。如：The question who is the best for the job requires consideration. （3）分隔式同位语从句：当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，为了使句子保持平衡，常把同位语从句后置。如：An idea came to him that he could buy her a diamond ring. （4）后面常跟同位语的词有：doubt,fact,hope,idea,message,news,possibility,promise,question,suggestion,truth,thoug ht,warning,wish等。注：advice,order,suggestion等词表示建议、命令的词后的同位 语从句中的谓语动词须用(should) +动词原形。如：He made the suggestion that the meeting(should) be put off. 三、同位语从句与定语从句的区别 （1）所表达的内容不同：同位语从句和定语从句一般是放在某一名词后面，但同位语从句是对该名词的解释和说明，而定语从句是对该名词的修饰，说明它的性质特 征。如：The fact that he presented was a strong proof. 他所提供的事实是一个强有力的证据。（定语从句） The fact that she hadn’t said anything surprised us all. 她一言不发的事实让我们每一个人都很惊讶。（同位语从句） （2）在句中所起的语法作用不同：引导定语从句的that是关系代词，它的作用是连接主句和从句，并代表先行词在从句中充当句子成分，而且that作宾语时可省略， 指物时，可以用which代替。引导同位语从句的that是连词，只起连接主句和从 句的作用，它不充当任何成分，不能省略，也不可被which代替。如: We expressed the hope that Mr and Mrs Smith would come to visit China the next year. 我们表达了希望史密斯夫妇第二年到中国来访的愿望。（同位语从句） The news(that/which)we heard spread all over the city. 我们所听到的消息传遍了整个城市。（定语从句） （3）所修饰的词不尽相同：同位语从句所修饰的名词数量有限，往往是含有某种信息的词，如：message,news,fact,hope,desire,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,questtion, order,belief,doubt,fear,truth,throught等，而定语从句修饰的先行词无此限制。 （4）wh-引导词引导同位语从句时，有其本身的疑问含义；引导定语从句时则没有疑问的意思。如；

同位语从句讲解

初中英语语法同位语从句专项讲解与训练(一) 概念 一般来说，在主从复合句中,用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它通常跟在某些名词之后，用以说明或解释该名词表示的具体内容。可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有： advice, decision, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, promise, p roposal, reply, report, suggestion, word（消息）， problem， question, doubt, thought等。例如： They were delighted at the news that their team had won. 当听到他们队获胜的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你从哪儿听说我不能来？ 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在被说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如： The thought came to him that Tom might have returned the book. 他突然想起汤姆可能已经还了书了。 （二）引导词 请仔细观察下列句子，注意从句引导词的用法。 1. The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.

2. He hasn’t made the decision whether he will go there. 3. The question who should do the work is being discussed at the meeting 4. I have no idea what the boy is doing in the next room now. 5. We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our s ummer vacation this year. 6. I have no idea how I can get to the railway station. 7. I have no idea when he will be back． [小结归纳] ① that引导同位语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，但通常不可以省略，如句1； ② whether引导同位语从句时意为“是否”，通常不能用if来代替,如句2; ③连接代词who, what等可以引导同位语从句，如句3， 4； ④连接副词where, how, when等可以引导同位语从句，如句5，6，7。 (三) that 引导的同位语从句和定语从句 ①意义不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；而定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的先行词。试比较： 1. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. 2. The news that you told us is really encouraging.

定语从句和同位语从句区别归纳

定语从句和同位语从句的区别 一、定语从句是形容词从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，是用来修饰前面的名词或代词的；同位语从句是名词从句，其作用相当于一个名词，是对前面的名词作进一步解释的。例如： 1．We heard the news that he had told her. 我们听到他对她说的消息。 2．We heard the news that he had won the game. 我们听到消息他赢得了比赛。 例1中的that从句的作用相当于一个形容词，其作用是修饰the news；例2中的that从句的作用相当于一个名词，是对the news的进一步说明。 二、定语从句的引导词在从句中充当一定的成分，可作主语、宾语、状语等；而同位语从句中的引导词在从句只起连接作用，不作任何句子成分。例如： 1. A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机器。 2. The fact that they didn't finish the work has to be faced. 必须面对事实，他们没有完成工作。 例1中的引导词that在从句中充当句子成分，作从句的主语，故为定语从句；例2中的that只起连接作用，引导从句解释fact的内容，不作任何句子成分，故为同位语从句。 引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。 三、引导定语从句的关联词在从句中作宾语或状语时，可以省略或被其他词代替；而同位语从句的引导词一般不能省略，更不能被代替。例如： 1. The news that she heard is true. 她听到的消息是真的。 2. The news that she will go abroad is true. 她将出国这消息是真的。 例1是定语从句，that可省略；例2是同位语从句，that不能省略。 3. The reason why he was chosen remains unknown. 他为什么被选上的原因还是不清楚。 4. The idea why he was chosen attracted our attention. 他为什么会被选上，这一想法引起我们的注意。

届同位语从句及练习题(含答案)

— 同位语从句 一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如： 1. 我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 I heard the news _________ our team had won． 2. 我不知道你在这里。 I had no idea ___________ you were here． 二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。如： 我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 * 3. I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message ____________ he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that, whether，连接副词 how, when, where等。（注：if, which不能引导同位语从句。）如： 4. 我不知道他什么时候回来。 I have no idea __________ he will be back． 5. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。 He must answer the question ___________ he agrees to it or not. 四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如： 6. 几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。 ， Several years later，word came __________ Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them．7. 他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。 The thought came to him __________ maybe the enemy had fled the city． 五、同位语从句与定语从句的区别。 1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。如： The news that I have passed the exam is true．我通过了考试这一消息是真的。 （同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。） The news that he told me just now is true．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。 】 （定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用，即“他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。）

同位语从句——语法专题讲解

同位语从句——语法专题讲解

高中英语语法专题讲解 专题二、同位语从句 一、同位语从句概述 同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容的从句，常见的可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有：belief, chance, doubt, hope, idea, news, opinion, thought, promise等。引导同位语从句的词有连词that, whether和副词how, when, where等。 二、同位语从句 （1）同位语从句是意义完整的陈述句时，用连词that引导。注：that在从句中不充当任 何成分，只起连接作用，通常不省略。 eg：I got the news that he would come to see me the next week. （2）同位语从句是疑问句时，应根据语境选用who, when ,where, how, whether(不能用if) 等词来引导。 eg：The question who is the best for the job requires consideration. （3）分隔式同位语从句：当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，为了使句子保持平 衡，常把同位语从句后置。

eg：An idea came to him that he could buy her a diamond ring. （4）后面常跟同位语的词有：doubt, fact, hope, idea, message, news, possibility, promise, question, suggestion,truth,thought,warning,wish等。 ●注：advice, order, suggestion等词表示建议、 命令的词后的同位语从句中的谓语动词须 eg：He made the suggestion that the meeting(should) be put off. 三、同位语从句与定语从句的区别 （1）所表达的内容不同：同位语从句和定语从句一般是放在某一名词后面，但同位语从 句是对该名词的解释和说明，而定语从句 是对该名词的修饰，说明它的性质特征。eg：The fact that he presented was a strong proof. The fact that she hadn’t said anything surprised us all. （2）在句中所起的语法作用不同：引导定语从句的that是关系代词，它的作用是连接主

定语从句和同位语从句的区别

定语从句和同位语从句的区别 定语从句与同位语从句是高中英语教学内容的重点，也是英语阅读中的难点，它们相似的位置，使许多学生往往混淆，阻碍了对文章的理解。那么，如何正确地区分定语从句与同位语从句呢？ 一、从意义上讲，定语从句的作用相当于一个形容词，是用来修饰前面的名词或代词的；同位语从句的作用相当于一个名词，是对前面的名词作进一步解释的。例如： 1．We heard the news that he had told her. 我们听到他对她说的消息。（定语从句） 2．We heard the news that he had won the game. 我们听到消息他赢得了比赛。（同位语从句） 二、从引导词的句法功能上讲，定语从句的引导词在从句中充当一定的成分，可作主语、宾语、状语等；而同位语从句中的引导词在从句只起连接作用，不作任何句子成分。例如： 1. A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机器。 2. The fact that they didn't finish the work has to be faced. 必须面对事实，他们没有完成工作。 三、引导定语从句的关联词在从句中作宾语或状语时，可以省略或被其他词代替；而同位语从句的引导词一般不能省略，更不能被代替。例如： 1. The news (that) she heard is true. 她听到的消息是真的。 2. The news that she will go abroad is true. 她将出国这消息是真的。 3. The reason why (= for which) he was chosen remains unknown. 他为什么被选上的原因还是不清楚。 4. The idea why he was chosen attracted our attention. 他为什么会被选上，这一想法引起我们的注意。 四、同位语从句与其所修饰的名词之间是一种同位关系，二者之间存在逻辑上的系表关系，可用“主+系+表”结构来表示，即添加法。而定语从句所修饰的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语。例如：The news that he won the first place is true. 他赢得冠军的那个消息是真的。 (上句若用“主+系+表”结构来表示，则是: The news is that he won the first place. 消息是他赢得了冠军。 意思合理，系表结构成立，故为同位语从句.) The reason (that )he explained is true. 五、定语从句所修饰、限定的先行词可以是各类名词，可以有复数形式；而同位语从句一般都与抽象名词同位，(如：idea，plan，fact，theory，promise，hope，news，doubt，truth，information，suggestion，question，thought，belief，conclusion)，一般没有复数形式。例如： 1. The possibilities that she was offered seemed very great.她得到的可能性似乎大些。（possibilities是定语从句的先行词，可用复数形式） 2. Her mother was worried about the possibility that her daughter dislike to go to school. 她的母亲很担心，她女儿有可能不喜欢上学。（possibility是抽象名词，后接的是同位语从句，一般不用复数形式） 六、由when, why, where引导的定语从句分别修饰或说明表示时间、原因或地点的词，但它们引导的同位语从句一般不和表示时间或地点的词同位。例如： 1. I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. 我仍然记得初次来北京的那天。 2. I have no idea when she will be back.我不知道她何时回来。 3. This is the house where I lived two years ago.这是我两年前住的房子。 4. The question where we shall have a meeting hasn't decided. 我们到什么地方去开会，这个问题没有决定。例1、3中的when和where引导的是定语从句，day 和house分别表示时间和地点；例2、4中的when 和where引导的是同位语从句。

同位语从句专项训练ss

同位语从句专项训练 一．判断下列句子是定语从句还是同位语从句。 1.The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. The news that you told us is really encouraging. 2.The suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical. The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. 3.The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody． The fact that we talked about is very important． 4.Then he raised the question where they were to get the machine needed. Do you know the place where he was born? 二．请用适当的词填空，使下列句子意思完整。 1. They expressed the hope _______ they would come over to China soon. 2. The fact _______ he didn’t see Tom this morning is true. 3. Word has come _______ some American guests will come to our college for a visit next week. 4. He can’t answer the question _______ he got the money from his home yesterday. 5. Do you have any idea _______ is actually going on in the classroom? 6. The problem _______ we should have the meeting in the hall now must be decided at once. 7. I have no idea __________ he will be back． 8. He must answer the question ___________ he agrees to it or not. 9.Several years later,word came __________ Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them． 10. I have no impression __________ he went home, perhaps by bike. 三. 改错题。(每句都有一个错误) 1. Our team has won the game, that made us very happy. 2. I’ve come with a message from Mr Wang how he won’t be able to see you this afternoon. 3. He must answer the question if he agrees with what she said or not. 4. I’ve read the book where you gave me the day before yesterday. 5. One of the men held the pinion when what the book said was right. 6. The fact why she works hard is well known to us all.

同位语从句与定语从句的区别(很经典的区别,有配套练习与答案)

同位语从句与定语从句的区别（配练习与答案） 一、复习定语从句 1.定义：该句子在复合句中作定语，像形容词一样起修饰作用。 2.特点：1)用陈述句语序。2) 去掉从句主句仍是一个完整的句子。 3.位置：位于所修饰的名词之后，该名词叫做先行词。 4.引导词：1）关系代词： a) 在从句中可做主语，宾语，定语。 b) 分为：先行词为人：who(主，宾)，whom(宾)，whose(定), that（主，宾） 先行词为物：which(主，宾), that（主，宾）,whose（定） eg：The lady who is standing behind Tom is my sister. This is the book which I bought yesterday. c) 关系代词在从句中作宾语常常省略。 2）关系副词：a)在从句中作状语。 b)分为：when , where, why eg：He came last night when I was out. 新内容： 1.词类：同从的名词只能是抽象名词;定从可是名词也可是代词 I can’t stand the terrible noise that she is crying loudly. His mother did all she could to help him with his study. 2.性质：同从对前面的抽象名词进一步解释说明;定从对先行词进行修饰和限制。 The news that our team has won the game was true. The news that he told me yesterday was true.

同位语从句讲解及习题

同位语从句讲解及习题 一、理解同位语从句的含义，把握同位语从句的实质 在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。 例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。 析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。 二、正确运用同位语从句的引导词，准确把握同位语从句 1.如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略） 例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。 析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容，且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句。 2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"是否"的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句） 例：We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。 析：the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整，应加"是否"的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容，因此应用whether引导同位语从句。 3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"什么时候"、"什么地点"、"什么方式"等含义，应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。 例1：I have no idea when he will be back. 析：he will be back意义不完整，应加"什么时候"的含义才能表达idea 的全部内容，因此应用when引导同位语从句。