英语句子成分练习(附答案)

句子成分练习题( 一)

(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词（4分，4分钟）

①The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.

②There is an old man coming here.

③The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.

④To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.

(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词（10分，10分钟）

①I don't like the picture on the wall.

A. don't

B. like

C. picture

D. wall

②The days get longer and longer when summer comes.

A. get

B. longer

C. days

D. summer

③Do you usually go to school by bus?

A. Do

B. usually

C.go

D. bus

④There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.

A. will be

B. meeting

C. the library

D. afternoon

⑤Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?

A.Did

B. twins

C. have

D. breakfast

⑥Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.

A. Tom

B. didn't

C. do

D. his homework

⑦What I want to tell you is this.

A. want

B. to tell

C. you

D. is

⑧We had better send for a doctor.

A. We

B. had

C. send

D. doctor

⑨He is interested in music.

A. is

B. interested

C. in

D. music

⑩Whom did you give my book to?

A. give

B.did

C. whom

D. book

(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语（10分，10分钟）

①My brother hasn't done his homework.

②People all over the world speak English.

③You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.

④How many new words did you learn last class?

⑤Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?

⑥The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.

⑦They made him monitor of the class.

⑧Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.

⑨You will find it useful after you leave school.

⑩They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.

(四) 挑出下列句中的表语（5分，5分钟）

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①The old man was feeling very tired.

②Why is he worried about Jim?

③The leaves have turned yellow.

④Soon They all became interested in the subject.

⑤She was the first to learn about it.

(五) 挑出下列句中的定语（6分，6分钟）

①They use Mr, Mrs with the family name.

②What is your given name?

③On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.

④I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.

⑤The man downstairs was trying to sleep.

⑥I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!

(六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语（6分，6分钟）

①She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.

②He asked her to take the boy out of school.

③She found it difficult to do the work.

④They call me Lily sometimes.

⑤I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.

⑥Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?

(七) 挑出下列句中的状语（8分，8分钟）

①There was a big smile on her face.

②Every night he heard the noise upstairs.

③He began to learn English when he was eleven.

④The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.

⑤With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.

⑥She loves the library because she loves books.

⑦I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.

⑧The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.

(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语（5分，5分钟）

①Please tell us a story.

②My father bought a new bike for me last week.

③Mr Li is going to teach us history next term.

④Here is a pen.Give it to Tom.

⑤Did he leave any message for me?

答案

(一)①teacher ②man ③dictionary ④To do

(二)①B②A ③C ④A ⑤C ⑥C ⑦D ⑧C⑨A⑩A

(三)①homework.②English.③attention④words ⑤to go

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swimming⑥he was ill.⑦him monitor ⑧bridge museum⑨it school.⑩who"Father Christmas"really is.

(四)①tired.②worried③yellow.④i nterested⑤the first

(五)①family ②given③third ④some ⑤downstairs ⑥of the other shoe!

(六)①to read newspapers and books ②to take the boy ③difficult ④Lily⑤get on the bus⑥playing football

(七)①on her face.②Every night ③when he was eleven.

④too fast.⑤With the medicine box under her arm⑥because she loves books.⑦if you’ve lost it⑧to see the other machine.

(八)①us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语

②me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语③us, 间接宾语history, 直接宾语

④Tom, 间接宾语it, 直接宾语⑤me, 间接宾语message, 直接宾语

句子成分练习题( 二)

指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：

1.Whether we’ll go depend on the weather .

2. People’s standards of living are going up steadily .

3. That was how they were defeated.

4.The nursery takes good care of our children .

5.I’ll return t he book to you tomorrow .

6.We are sure that we shall succeed .

7.The woman with a baby in her arms is his other .

8.There are many film that I’d like to see.

9.Have you met the person about whom he was speaking ?

10.I have a lot of work to do .

11.Anyway I w on’t stop you from doing it .

12.I said it in fun .

13.We can send a car over to fetch you .

14.She had to work standing up .

15.Seeing this ,some comrades became very worried .

16.Much interested , he agreed to give it a try .

17.The bus arrived ten minutes late .

18.We should serve the people heart and soul.

19.Spring coming on , the tree turned green .

20.Some farmers saw something strange in the sky .

21.We think it necessary that everyone should attend the

meeting .

22.It’s strange that she doesn’t come today .

23.It was in the library that I come today .

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24.He likes drawing at times when he isn’t working .

25.We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.

句子成分练习题( 三)

A

1、___ six years since I began to study English.

A. It is

B. I have been

C. There are

D. It was

2 、___ in the room at that time.

A. Nobody was

B. Someone were

C. Who is

D. He are

3 、IT'S very noisy outside. ___ is going on?

A. Who

B. What

C. Which

D. Where

4、___ in English in class every day is important.

A. Speak

B. Talking

C. Saying

D. To tell

5 、There must be____ near the factory.

A. a book store

B. book store

C. books store

D. books stores

6 、Although it's raining hard, ___ are still working in the fields.

A. but they

B. and they

C. they

D. since they

B

1、The doctor as well as the nurses ___ great concern for the

patients.

A. show

B. shows

C. have shown

D. are showing 2、Your son must be a clever boy, ___ he?

A. is

B. isn't

C. must

D. mustn't

3、The computer center, ___ last year, is very popular among

students in this school.

A. open

B. opening

C. opened

D. being opened

4 、I ___ go to the shop today, for there is a lot of food at home.

A. mustn't

B. had to

C. can't

D. needn't

5 、Don't ___ excited.

A. get

B. is

C. seem

D. look

6 This room ___ every morning.

A. is cleaning

B. is cleaned

C. cleans

D. cleaning

C

1、Glad to meet you! ___ is your full name?

A. What

B. Where

C. How

D. Who

2、He is ___ to lift the heavy box.

A. too weak

B. weak too

C. enough weak

D. weak enough

3、The days are ___ warmer and warmer in spring.

A. getting

B. looking

C. seeming

D. going

4 、His job is____English.

A. teach

B. to teach

C. taught

D. teaches

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5 、Two balls are___.

A. under the desk

B. in the wall

C. to here

D. at desks

D

1 、We should get ready___ others.

A. helping

B. to help

C. help

D. help with

2、___interesting work we are doing?

A. What a

B. How

C. What

D. What an

3、I want___ a teacher when I grow up (-fx;fc).

A. to be

B. to

C. be

D. being

4、-Would you like to go on a picnic with me today?

-I don't think so. To be honest, I really don't feel like___on a picnic.

A. going

B. to go

C. go

D. went

5 Do you know___?

A. where does he live

B. where he lives

C. where he live

D. if where he lives

6 Let ____ do it again.

A. I

B. me

C. he

D. she

7 I don't know___.

A. how to do

B. what to do

C. where to do

D. when to do

E

1、I saw him ___ basketball with Jack an hour ago.

A. plays

B. to play

C. played

D. play o

2、Sorry, we've kept you___ for a long time.

A. waited

B. sing

C. stand

D. waiting

3 、The teacher told us ____ late again.

A. aren't be

B. don't be

C. not to be

D. not be

4 、We find the room very___.

A. warm

B. warmly

C. terribly

D. hardly

F

1 、I found ___ difficult to work together with him.

A. it

B. its

C. that

D. those

2 、We all know ___ our duty to clean our classroom after

school every day.

A. that

B. this

C. which

D. it

3、He found ___ very interesting to play with the little dog.

A. what

B. it

C. /

D. that

G

( ) 1 Tom said he ___ a good dream yesterday evening.

A. dream

B. dreamed

C. have

D. has

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( ) 2 Children ___ a happy life in China.

A. lead

B. living

C. has

D. leading

H

( ) 1 America, Japan and Canada are___countries.

A. developing

B. developed

C. less developed

D. develop ( ) 2 -___ skirt is that on the chair?

-Let me see. Oh, no, it's not mine.

A. Whose

B. What

C. Who's

D. Which

( ) 3 Do you have anything ___?

A. saying

B. to^ay

C. said

D. say

( ) 4 Look, there is an___tree by the wall.

A. apple

B. apple's

C. apples'

D. apples

( ) 5 Where is____seat?

A. yours

B. your

C. you

D. yourselves

I

( ) 1 The box is ___ heavy for her ___ carry.

A. very; to

B. too; not to

C. too; to

D. very too; to

2 -___ did you buy the new bag?

-Last Monday.

A. Where

B. How

C. When

D. Who

3 You can see these signs in a hospital. ___ can you see them?

A. Where else

B. Where place else

C. Where else place

D. Else where

4 They went out ___ their old friends.

A. visit

B. visiting

C. to visit

D. visited

5 There is a wide river____ our village.

A. outside

B. over

C. from

D. below

J

1 The young man, ___ works in the office.

A. me brother

B. my brother

C. my brothers

D. me

2 Our English teacher, ___ often helps us with study.

A. Mrs Wang

B. Mrs5 Wang

C. MrsWang's .

D. of him

3 ___, some railway workers are busy repairing the train.

A. Them

B. He

C. They

D. Theirs

A . 1-6 A A

B B A

C B. 1-6 B B C

D A B C. 1-5 A A A B A

D. 1-7 B C A A B B B

E. 1-4 D D C A

F. 1-3 A D B

G. 1-2 B A

H. 1-5 B A B A B I .1-5 C C A C A J. 1-3 B A C

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高中英语句子成分超级大汇总

高中英语句子成分超级大汇总 高中英语句子成分超级大汇总 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下： 一：S V (主+谓) 二：S V P (主+系+表) 三：S V O (主+谓+宾) 四：S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾) 五：S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补) 基本句型一：S V(主+谓) 主语：可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy)，主格代词(如you)，动词不定式，动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S │V (不及物动词) 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。

5. Who │cares? 管它呢? 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二：S V P(主+系+表) 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义，只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词：look well/面色好，sound nice/听起来不错，feel good/感觉好，smell bad/难闻 S │V(是系动词)│P 1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.这是本英汉辞典。 2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。 3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。 4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。 5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮 6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。 7. Our well │has gone │dry. 我们井干枯了。 8. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了。

英语语法大全 句子成分分析

句子成分分析 在句中起着不同语法作用的成分，叫做句子成分。英语的句子成分有九种： 1、主语（subject）表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”，是谓语的陈述对象； 通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任： The sun rises in the east. 日出东方。（名词） He hated to see any bird killed.他讨厌看到鸟儿被杀。（代词） To see is to believe.眼见为实。（动词不定式） Seeing is believing.眼见为实。（动名词） Where we shall hold the party is not decided yet.我们还没有决定在何处举行晚会。（主语从句） It’s human to want something better.精益求精是人类的特性。（不定式） 2、谓语动词（predicate verb）说明主语的动作或状态，由动词或动词短语担任： We study English.我们学习英语。（动词） The car broke down on the way.车在路上抛锚了。（动词短语） Do be quiet,children.孩子们，务必安静点。（助动词+连系动词） We are having a meeting now.我们现在正在开会。（助动词+实义动词） Soldiers must obey orders.军人必须服从命令。（情态动词+实义动词） 3、表语（predicative）说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份，与连系动词一起构成复合谓语，通常由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等担任： The next stop is the zoo.下一站是动物园。（名词） The game is yours.你（们）胜了。（代词） I was first! 我第一名！（数词） I feel terrible.我难受的厉害。（形容词） Is your mother in?你妈妈在家吗？（副词） I’m with you.我站在你这一边。（介词短语） Mary’s task is to set the table.玛丽的任务是摆桌子。（动词不定式） Her hobby is growing roses.她的爱好是种植玫瑰。（动名词） The situation is puzzling.形式令人迷惑不解。（现在分词） Do you feel satisfied with the arrangement?你对这安排满意吗？（过去分词） The fact is that they are cross with each other.事实是他们生彼此的气。（表语从句） That’s where you are wrong.这就是你错的地方（表语从句） He is no longer what he was.他已经不是以前的他了。（表语从句） 4、宾语（object）表示及物动词或及物动词短语的对象或内容，或用于介词后构成介词短语；通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任： May I have your attention ,please.请大家注意。（名词） I want a little.我要一点。（代词） I need two.我需要两个。（数词） Hope to see you soon.希望能很快见到你。（动词不定式） They risk losing everything.他们冒着失去一切的危险。（动名词） He insisted on seeing her home.他坚持送她回家。（动名词作介词的宾语） I’ll do what I can.我将尽力而为。（从句）

初中英语句子成分详解

英语句子成分 The students of Class Two are seriously reading the book written by Lu Xun. 按句子成分划分，此句为： The students of Class Two are seriously reading the book written by Lu Xun. (主语) (定语) (谓语)(状语) (谓语) (宾语) (定语) 按意群划分，此句为： The students of Class Two are seriously reading the book written by Lu Xun. 一、英语各种成分的基本含义及用法 （一）、主语 主语是全句谈论的中心话题。我们在说一句话的时候，首先要明确我们讲的是“哪个人”？或者是一件“什么事”？或者是一件“什么物体”，等。这些代表“哪个人”、“什么事”、“什么物体”等的部分就是句子的主语。 主语是指句子的某个部分，它可能是一个词，也可能是一个词组，还有可能是一个从句，甚至一句话中会有几个并列的主语等等。所以，英语中很多词类(或词组、从句)都可以做主语。另外，英语中还有一种特殊的主语形式叫“形式主语”，例如：It .... that ...句式等。 1. Peter is a well-known pianist. （名词作主语） 2. Two-thirds of the students are boys in our school. ( 数词词组作主语) 3. He likes reading storybooks. (代词作主语) 4. To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure. （不定式短语作主语） 5. What we shall do next is not yet decided. （从句作主语） 6. It took us two hours to travel around the city by subway. (It 是形式主语, to travel...部分是真正的主语) 请指出下列句中主语的中心词。 1. The teacher with two of her students is walking into the classroom. 2. There is a bird flying in the sky. 3. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. 4. It is very difficult to do today's homework without your help. （二）、谓语

高中英语句子成分划分详解(全)

Grammar of Unit 1 Different parts of a sentence 概念 句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。句子的成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接和间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。主语和谓语是句子的主体部分(在英语中,一般句子必须有主语和谓语),表语、宾语和宾语的补足语是谓语里的组成部分。其他成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分。 ▲句子成分分类 1.主语 主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当,也有从句充当的现象。大多数主语都在句首。如: 讲述“谁”We work in a big factory. 讲述“什么”The classroom is very big. 数词作主语Three are enough. 三个人就够了 不定式作主语To operate on the blind is one of the ORBIS Doctor’s job. 从句作主语What we need is food. 我们最需要的是食物. ▲在“There be …”句型中,主语的位置在中间。如:

There are some bottles of milk in the box. ▲在个别句型中,主语在整个句子后面,这时前面用it作形式主语。如: It is very interesting to play the game called “treat or trick”. It took two workers about three months to build the house. 2.谓语 谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语必须是动词,谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。如: He is very generous. She looks very smart and cool We have finished the job. He can speak German. 3.表语 表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当,它的位置在系动词后面。 形容词作表语You look younger than before.名词作表语My father is a teacher. 副词作表语Everyone is here. 介词短语作表语They are at the theatre. 不定式作表语My job is to teach them English. 动名词作表语Her job is training the nurses. 从句作表语That is why he didn’t come to school yesterday.

初中英语句子成分和结构的划分详解

及结构的划分

句子成分 ? 1.汉语的句子成分 ?1．什么是句子 ?句子是由词或词组构成的，是具有一定语调并表达一个完整意思的语言运用单位。根据用途和语气，句子可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。根据结构可分为单句和复句。 ? 2.什么是句子成分？ ?组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。

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如：in, on, from, above, behind. 8、连词 ( conj.) ：用来连接词、短语或句子。 如：and, but, before . 9、感叹词 ( interj..) 表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。 如：oh, well, hi, hello. 二）、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物, 回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 如： I ’mMiss Green.( 我是格林小姐 ) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态 , 回答“做 ( 什么 ) ”。主要由动词担任。 如：Jack cleans the room every day.( 杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后, 说明主语的身份或特征, 回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。 如：My name is Ping ping .( 我的名字叫萍萍) 3、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果, 回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如：He can spell the word.( 他能拼这个词) 4、有些及物动词带有两个宾语, 一个指物 , 一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语, 指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . ( 他给我写了一封信 )

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11. We always work hard at English. 主语状语谓语状语状语 12. He said he didn't come. 主句主语主句谓语从句主语从句谓语 13. They love each other. 主谓语宾语 14. What did you buy? 宾助动词主谓 15. She watched her daughter playing the piano. 主语谓语宾语宾语补足语 16. Your job today is to help the old. 主语定语系动词表语 17. Speaking doesn't mean doing. 主语谓语宾语 18. Bye the time I got to the station, the train had left. 时间状语从句主句主语主句谓语 19. The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage. 主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语状语20. It takes me an hour to get there.

形式主语谓语宾语真正主语 划分句子成分练习题(2) (一) 指出下例句中主语的中心词 ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult. (二) 选出句中谓语的中心词 ① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon ⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast ⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday. A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework ⑦ What I want to tell you is this. A. want B. to tell C. you D. is ⑧ We had better send for a doctor. A. We B. had C. send D. doctor ⑨ He is interested in music. A. is B. interested C. in D. music ⑩ Whom did you give my book to? A. give B. did C. whom D. book (三) 挑出下列句中的宾语 ① My brother hasn't done his homework. A B C D ② People all over the world speak English. A B C D ③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. A B C D ④ How many new words did you learn last class? A B C D ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? A B C D

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因此动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词，不能作谓语。且谓语动词可以体现时态， 这两句话分别由动词were （are 的过去式），enjoys singing （enjoy doing动词短语）作谓语。其中were 体现出句子的时态为过去时态，且主语的人称为第一人称，enjoys singing 体现出句子的时态为一般现在时，且主语的人称为第三人称。 三.宾语：表示动作的承受者。宾语放在及物动词或者介词之后。 如：I play with him. (我和他玩。) I like Chinese food.（我喜欢中国菜。） 这两句话中分别由人称代词him ，名词food 作宾语。 直接宾语与间接宾语： 有的动词能够接双宾语，直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物,间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示行为的人。 如：He gave me a book.（他给了我一本书） 这句话中 a book 为直接宾语，me 为间接宾语。 又如：My mother bought a schoolbag to me.(我妈妈买了一个书包给我。) 这句话中schoolbag 为直接宾语，me 为间接宾语。 四.表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。接在系动词之后，其中接在系动词be 后是最常见的情况。 如They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) He is kind.. (他心地善良。) 这两句话分别由名词teachers，形容词kind 作表语。 五.定语：是用来说明或限制名词的成分，可分为前置定语和后置定语，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，构成前置定语；相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面，构成后置定语。 如：This is red sun. (这是个红太阳) 这句话由形容词red 作前置定语，修饰sun. 又如：His work in the hospital is very hard.(他在这个医院的工作很辛苦。) 这句话由相当于形容词的介词短语in the hospital 作后置定语，修饰work。 与定语的关键就是看其所修饰的部分，定语修饰名词，且起说明、限制作用。 如：The students study hard.(学生努力学习)

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句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语 主要成分：主语和谓语 1、主语 是动作或状态的主语。主语的位置：一般位于句首 由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词和从句充当。 The school is far from here. 名词做主语 She goes to school by bike. 代词做主语 Eight is a lucky number. 数词做主语 Predicting the future is interesting.动名词做主语 To be a doctor is my dream.不定式短语做主语 What we shall do next is not yet decided. 从句充当主要 2、谓语 表示主语的动作或状态. 动词由动词或动词短语充当 谓语动词有人称、数、时态、语态的变化。 分析句子的主语和谓语 His parents are teachers. 系动词和表语构成谓语 Mr. Li teaches English. 行为动词做谓语 He can play the piano. 情态动词和行为动词构成谓语 We have finished reading the book. 助动词和实义动词构成谓语 3、宾语 是动作的对象或承受者。及物动词必须跟宾语. 对谓语对的进一步解释说明及物动词:直接接宾语的谓语动词. 不及物动词:不能直接带宾语的谓语动词. 宾语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句构成. I saw a plane in the sky just now.名词做宾语 We often help him. 代词做宾语 He likes to play basketb all. 不定式做宾语 I want three.数词做宾语 I enjoy going shopping.动名词做宾语 He said that he felt sick.从句做宾语

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英语语法——英语句子成分分析 句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语等。句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。 1）主语：是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一般放于句首。如： Students study. (学生学习。) We are friends.(我们是朋友) 这两句话中单词students是个名词，we是代词，它们在句中做主语。 2）谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。如： Students study. (学生学习。) We are friends. (我们是朋友) 这两句话中单词study和are都是动词，study叫做实意动词，are叫做be动词，它们在句中作谓语。 3）宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。如： They are teachers. ( 他们是老师。) I play with him. (我和他一起玩。) 这两句话中单词teachers是名词，单词him是带词，它们在句中作宾语。 4）定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。如： This is a red sun.(这是个红太阳.) He is a tall boy.（他是个高个子男孩。） 这两句话中单词red和 tall都是形容词，它们作定语。 ５）状语是用来说明动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。如： The students study hard. (这些学生学习努力。) I often write to him. (我常给他写信。) The bag is too heavy. (这个书包太重了。) 这三句话中单词hard 和often修饰的都是动词，第三句话中单词too修饰的是形容词，它们都作状语。 ６）表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。一般由名词或者形容词担任。如：This table is long. (这个桌子是长的。) 通常情况下,主语和宾语前的成分是定语，谓语前的成分是状语，时间词作状语放在句子后面。句子的成分分布如下：（定语）主语（状语）谓语（定语）宾语（状语） 如：(The tall) boy (often) go (to the big) zoo. (The happy) child --- went (his) home yesterday. 请分析下面句子的结构说出各个成分 1）I have two elder sisters. （我有两个姐姐。） 2) They don't swim very well.（他们游泳不太好。） 3) Do you go to school every day? （你每天去上学吗？） 4) I really want a cup of tea.（我真的想要一杯茶。） 5) Miss Smith teaches English very well.（史密斯先生教英语非常好。） 语法其实并没有一些人想象的那么可怕，其实里面有很多趣味。 第一讲英语句子成分 WARM-UP：1)The teacher in the classroom. 2)Sang many songs and danced happily. 3)She attracts. 4)Many people

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句子成分练习题( 一) (一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词（4分，4分钟） ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult. (二) 选出句中谓语的中心词（10分，10分钟） ① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C.go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon ⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A.Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast ⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday. A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework ⑦ What I want to tell you is this. A. want B. to tell C. you D. is