0527Unit10FitzgeraldandHemingway

U n i t9F.S c o t t F i t z g e r a l d(1896-1940)a n d E r n e s t H e m i n g w a y(1899-1961)

T h e“R o a r i n g T w e n t i e s”

T h e c o n f l i c t s(“c u l t u r a l C i v i l W a r”)b e t w e e n c i t y a n d s m a l l-t o w n s,P r o t e s t a n t s a n d C a t h o l i c s, b l a c k s a n d w h i t e s,“N e w W o m e n”a n d a d v o c a t e s o f o l d-f a s h i o n e d f a m i l y v a l u e s a r e t h e m o s t i m p o r t a n t p a r t o f t h e s t o r y o f t h e R o a r i n g T w e n t i e s.

f l a p p e r s

T h e J a z z A g e

T h e J a z z A g e:F i t z g e r a l d c o i n e d t h e p h r a s e i n1922t o d e s c r i b e t h e f l a m b o y a n t—“a n y t h i n g g o e s”—e r a t h a t e m e r g e d i n A m e r i c a a f t e r W o r l d W a r I a n d b e f o r e t h e G r e a t D e p r e s s i o n.

A legend of “America’s adolescence before pain set in”, “not so much a historical period as a legend of glitter, of recklessness, and of talent in such profusion that it was sown broadcast like wild oats.”(Malcolm Cowley)

F.S c o t t F i t z g e r a l d(1896-1940)

F i t z g e r a l d i s b o t h a n i n s i d e r a n d a n o u t s i d e r o f t h e J a z z A g e w i t h a d o u b l e v i s i o n.

His doubleness and irony present a panorama of the Jazz Age with a deep insight.

The juxtaposition of post-war boom years and its doom and failure is easily recognizable in Fitzgerald’s novels and stories.

T h e G r e a t G a t s b y(1925)

I t i s v i e w e d a s t h e d o c u m e n t o f t h e t w e n t i e s,“s o m u c h s o t h a t h a d i t n o t b e e n w r i t t e n t h e

t w e n t i e s w o u l d a c t u a l l y s e e m d i m i n i s h e d.”

The bankruptcy of the American Dream: the disillusionment of the protagonists’personal dreams due to the clashes between their romantic vision of life and the sordid reality.

Gatsby, the “Idealistic Materialism”as the core of the paradox.

N o v e l s

This Side of Paradise (1920);

The Beautiful and Damned (1922);

The Great Gatsby (1925);

Tender Is the Night (1934);

The Love of the Last Tycoon (1941)

Collections of short stories:

Flappers and Philosophers (1921)

Tales of the Jazz Age (1922)

E r n e s t H e m i n g w a y(1899-1961)

B e i n g f o n d o f s p o r t s s i n c e h i s c h i l d h o o d;

“To get into the thick of it”and the sense of the need to experience or observe war at close quarters as a young man;

Being trained in the economy of expression as a journalist after the War; The Lost Generation Writing about the loss of value and demoralization.

T h e T h e m e s

I s l i f e a b a t t l e?

How to live with courage and grace under pressure? How to live in the emptiness of world?

Are there any possibility of heroism?

T h e T e c h n i q u e s

T h e c o l l o q u i a l s t y l e:a s“P a p a H e m i n g w a y”,h i s s h o r t s e n t e n c e s a n d v e r y s p e c i f i c d e t a i l s.A w r i t e r h a s g o t t o c a t c h“t h e w h i t e n e s s o f t h e b o n e”.

The iceberg principle: “I always try to write on the principle of the iceberg. There is seven-eighths of it under water for every part that shows. The dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one eighth of it being above water. ”

T h e O l d M a n a n d t h e S e a(1952)

O l d S a n t i a g o,t h e b o y,t h e f i s h

“No one should be alone in their

old age …but it is unavoidable …

I wish I had the boy. I wish the boy

was here.”

“An optimistic tragedy”? Why?

The Old Man and the Heroism

T h e S u n A l s o R i s e s(1926)

A Farewell to Arms (1929)

For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940)

The Old Man and the Sea (1951)